Modeling method and system for large-scale structure of high-angle back-flushing gas storage geologic body

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale structure modeling method and system for a high-angle back-flushing gas storage geologic body, and relates to the technical field of large-scale geologic modeling of gas storages, data such as earthquakes, geology, well drilling and dynamics are fully utilized, and through multi-means interactive processing, optimization, quality control and the like, the model precision is improved, and the large-scale structure modeling method and system for the high-angle back-flushing gas storage geologic body are suitable for large-scale geologic modeling of gas storages. The method meets the requirements of objects (a cover layer, a fault, an overflow point and the like) for evaluating the sealing performance of the gas storage geologic body, can be used for three-dimensional quantitative characterization of the cover layer-reservoir-collet layer, the fault and the like of the high-angle back-flushing gas storage geologic body, and lays a foundation for attribute modeling-numerical simulation-geomechanical modeling and geologic body sealing performance evaluation of the gas storage geologic body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of large-scale geological modeling of gas storage reservoirs, and in particular to a large-scale structural modeling method and system for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body. Background Art

[0002] With the demand for integrated gas storage modeling, digital models, and mechanical fluid-solid coupling models, geological models have enabled the integration and simultaneous sharing of various data types, including seismic, well logging, geological, experimental, and production dynamics. These models have become a key tool for digitizing gas storage and quantitatively characterizing storage spaces. They also serve as the foundation for three-dimensional spatial visualization of gas storage geology and high-precision geomechanical and seepage coupling models. These models provide crucial support for pre-construction design and the management of gas storage throughout its lifecycle. Currently, over 70% of gas storage facilities in China and abroad are oil and gas reservoirs. With the increasing demand for various storage options, such as compressed air energy storage, hydrogen storage, and helium storage, large-scale geological modeling has become a core technology for converting oil and gas reservoirs into gas storage facilities.

[0003] Existing geological modeling techniques are based on detailed descriptions of oil and gas reservoirs. They primarily characterize and study the structure, reservoir, and fluid dynamics of reservoir sections, leading to the development of structural framework models, lithofacies models, and rock physical property models. However, the geological reservoir body studied for gas storage facilities comprises the gas reservoir, its sealing elements, and the three-dimensional underground strata, structures, and fluids that could be affected by natural gas leakage if the seals fail under alternating loads. The vertical and horizontal modeling scope is larger than that of geological models used during reservoir development, encompassing reservoirs, caprocks, overlying and underlying strata, faults, and water bodies. The specialized fields of geological reservoir modeling technology are constantly expanding, serving not only numerical simulations but also providing a foundation for regional-scale geomechanical and dynamic simulations. This makes structural modeling more challenging for complex geological structures. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the modeling ideas. In order to accurately characterize the distribution of faults and strata, the data of the study area should be repeatedly processed using corner grid modeling and complex structure modeling during the process of establishing the structural model to ensure the accuracy of the structural model.

[0004] Existing geological modeling technology focuses on the establishment of three-dimensional geometric models and seepage field attribute models of reservoirs and faults, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale geological body sealing evaluation and quantitative characterization of gas storage space in alternating injection and production of gas storage facilities. For example, patent CN113643145A provides a multi-level control structure modeling of horizontal wells in shale gas reservoirs, patent CN111852459A discloses a shale gas reservoir structure modeling method and device; patent CN103077558A discloses a method for modeling the distribution model of large-scale karst reservoirs in carbonate fracture-cavity oil reservoirs, patent CN103077548A proposes a modeling method for the distribution model of karst pore reservoirs in carbonate fracture-cavity oil reservoirs, patent CN104992468A discloses a fracture-cavity type Three-dimensional geological modeling methods for carbonate oil and gas reservoirs. Patent CN111612899B proposes a geological modeling method for carbonate fracture-vuggy reservoirs. Patent CN116203623A discloses a multi-scale fault-cave geological modeling method and system for carbonate reservoirs. Patent CN116203623A provides a geological modeling method for reservoirs with uncertain geological characteristics, etc. Patent CN114842159B discloses a method for splicing three-dimensional geological models of complex structures in sedimentary strata, which expands the research scale of the model from the plane. This type of research results is mainly used to improve the characterization accuracy of the strong heterogeneity characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs and provide a reliable model foundation for reservoir development. However, none of the above existing patent technologies effectively model and solve the fault and layer relationships (erosion, etc.) faced in the large-scale structural modeling of high-angle thrust and denudation gas storage geological bodies.

[0005] Furthermore, the gas storage geological body studied in gas storage facilities is a collection of strata, structures, and fluids within the three-dimensional underground space that may be affected by natural gas leakage if the sealing elements of the gas storage layer fail under alternating loads. The vertical and horizontal modeling scope of this model is larger than that of geological models used during the oil and gas reservoir development phase, making structural modeling more difficult for complex geological bodies. Due to thrust and compression, the structure of western my country is complex, resulting in large-throw, high-angle, thin, and locally eroded strata and complex fault patterns. Due to the large vertical stratigraphic span of the gas storage geological body, the structural style of the reverse fault, which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, makes the bottom of the fault spatially connected, forming a "Y"-shaped distribution in the plane. The quality of the fault grid generated by the traditional corner point grid is poor. In addition, the reservoir and cap rock strata are thin and have high and steep structures, and the strata are locally eroded. Affected by the seismic resolution, the existing seismic interpretation results of the target layer segment often only have the top surface structural data of the reservoir but lack the bottom surface structural data. Using the stratigraphic contact method provided by the software and following the traditional modeling technology process, the structural modeling process results in random fault and layer relationships, lack of constraints, unreasonable and unfounded fault throw distribution, stratigraphic thickness distribution that does not conform to geological understanding, inadequate representation of the erosion zone, and unreasonable positioning of high-angle wells and horizontal wells in the model. These phenomena affect the structural appearance and grid distribution of the gas storage geological body, and thus affect all subsequent properties, mechanics, and calculations of the geological body. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a large-scale structural modeling method and system for high-angle thrust gas storage geological bodies, which fully utilizes seismic, geological, drilling, dynamic and other data, and improves the model accuracy through multi-means interactive processing, optimization, quality control, etc., to meet the requirements of the objects (caprock, faults, overflow points, etc.) for the sealing evaluation of gas storage geological bodies. It can be used for three-dimensional quantitative characterization of the caprock, reservoir, bottom support layer and faults of high-angle thrust gas storage geological bodies, laying the foundation for gas storage geological body attribute modeling, numerical simulation, geomechanical modeling and geological body sealing evaluation.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the method comprising:

[0009] Step S1: establishing a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body based on the reflection characteristics of the well-connected seismic profile;

[0010] Step S2: selecting a method for establishing a large-scale fault and formation model of a gas storage geological body;

[0011] Step S3: Based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the required modeling data is loaded into the geological modeling software, and the loaded data is quality controlled;

[0012] Step S4: Based on the fault data and the selected fault model establishment method, the Fault Framework and the fault Pillar data are interactively processed to establish a large-scale fault model in steps and perform quality control;

[0013] Step S5: performing fault Pillar skeleton spatial gridding based on the large-scale fault model;

[0014] Step S6: Based on the skeleton space gridding, a stratigraphic model is established by comparing and optimizing multiple methods;

[0015] Step S7: performing quality control and optimization on the formation model;

[0016] Step S8: Based on the optimized formation model, the bottom support layer, reservoir layer, and cap layer are vertically subdivided into different layers to establish a vertical grid framework of the formation model;

[0017] Step S9: Perform quality inspection on the large-scale fault and stratum grid model of the gas storage geological body.

[0018] Furthermore, the step S1 is specifically as follows:

[0019] Based on seismic, drilling, and logging data, synthetic record calibration is performed to clarify the seismic profile reflection characteristics of the formation;

[0020] Following the main structural distribution direction, connected well seismic profiles passing through key wells and perpendicular to the main structure are selected. Based on the stratum and fault characteristics of the connected well seismic profiles, a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body is established. The structural model of the gas storage geological body includes strata, faults, and fault-fault, stratum-fault, and stratum-stratum contact relationships. The strata include, from bottom to top, supporting layers, reservoir layers, direct cap layers, and indirect cap layers. Faults include regional thrust faults and local through-faults.

[0021] Furthermore, the step S2 is specifically as follows:

[0022] According to the complexity of the structural pattern of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the fault model is established by combining the Fault Framework with the Fault Pillar method.

[0023] According to the development characteristics of different strata, the stratigraphic model is established by combining Make Zone and Make Horizons.

[0024] Furthermore, the step S3 is specifically as follows:

[0025] Based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the basic data and the stratigraphic and fault data required to characterize the structural model of the geological body are sorted according to the corresponding data format and loaded into the geological modeling software;

[0026] Quality inspection and control are performed on the stratigraphic data and fault data loaded into the geological modeling software to ensure that the data is complete, the drilling stratification is consistent with the seismic interpretation data, the inter-well change trend is consistent with the seismic interpretation data, and the spatial distribution of stratigraphic and fault data conforms to the structural model.

[0027] Furthermore, the step S4 is specifically as follows:

[0028] Process the fault data according to the structural model. For regional thrust faults, the indirect cover layer and the bottom support layer are selected to cut off unnecessary fault data in the longitudinal range of the fault. For local through-faults, the original fault data are kept.

[0029] The processed fault data is used to select the Fault Framework fault modeling method to establish a fault model. For curved faults, cross faults, bifurcated faults or vertical truncation faults, the main fault and secondary faults and their intersection relationship are determined according to the structural model, and a primary fault model is established.

[0030] Convert the primary fault model created by the Fault Framework into the fault Pillar of the fault model. Using the drilling breakpoint data as a constraint, perform quality control on the fault Pillar and define the contact relationship of the faults to establish the final fault model.

[0031] The fault model is quality controlled using fault / fault point interpretation data, thickness changes on both sides of the fault, fault penetration levels, fault throw distribution maps, and production and pressure monitoring data.

[0032] Furthermore, the step S5 is specifically as follows:

[0033] Based on the spatial distribution of large-scale fault models and the relationship between strata and fault planes, the corner point grid is used for skeleton spatial gridding according to the fault Pillar, and a three-dimensional geometric grid framework for the gas storage geological body is established.

[0034] Furthermore, the step S6 is specifically as follows:

[0035] On the basis of skeleton space gridding, according to the structural pattern of the gas storage geological body, the Make Horizons stratigraphic model is used for the strata with complete data; for the high-steep eroded strata, the Make zone method is selected to generate planes, thereby establishing the stratigraphic model of the gas storage geological body and completing the stratigraphic characterization of the eroded area of ​​the high-angle thrust eroded gas storage geological body.

[0036] Furthermore, the step S7 is specifically as follows:

[0037] Structural maps and thickness maps are extracted from the formation model, and quality control is performed by comparing the drilling well trajectory, layering, and production perforation positions with the formation model. The layer model is adjusted and optimized based on the quality control results.

[0038] Furthermore, the step S8 is specifically as follows:

[0039] Considering the distribution characteristics of the stratigraphic model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the subdivision layers are selected in equal proportion for the bottom support layer, direct cover layer, and indirect cover layer, and the subdivision layers are selected according to the trend of the top surface for the denuded stratum;

[0040] Taking into account the lithofacies characteristics of the reservoir / caprock, the vertical distribution characteristics of the reservoir, the changes in physical properties of the logging curve, and the distribution of interlayers, the vertical grid subdivision scheme is determined by adopting the method of differential vertical grid division for the bottom support layer, reservoir, direct caprock, and indirect caprock.

[0041] Furthermore, the step S9 is specifically as follows:

[0042] Based on the established grid model of large-scale faults and strata of the gas storage geological body, the grid angle, grid volume, and grid height are quality checked. In areas where deformed grids appear, the fault and layer models are checked and adjusted, ultimately providing a large-scale structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body for the phase model and attribute model.

[0043] The present invention also provides a large-scale structural modeling system for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the system comprising:

[0044] The first establishing unit is used to establish a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body based on the reflection characteristics of the well-connected seismic profile;

[0045] A selection unit is used to select a method for establishing a large-scale fault and formation model of a gas storage geological body;

[0046] A loading and quality control unit is used to load the required modeling data into the geological modeling software based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body and perform quality control on the loaded data;

[0047] The second establishment unit is used to establish a large-scale fault model and perform quality control in steps based on the fault data and the selected fault model establishment method, using the Fault Framework and the fault Pillar data for interactive processing;

[0048] A gridding unit, used for performing fault Pillar skeleton spatial gridding based on the large-scale fault model;

[0049] The third establishment unit is used to establish a stratigraphic model based on the skeleton space gridding and by comparing and optimizing multiple methods;

[0050] Quality control and optimization unit, used to perform quality control and optimization on the formation model;

[0051] The fourth establishment unit is used to perform differential vertical subdivision of the bottom support layer, reservoir layer, and cap layer based on the optimized formation model, and establish a vertical grid framework of the formation model;

[0052] The quality inspection unit is used to perform quality inspection on large-scale faults and stratigraphic grid models of gas storage geological bodies.

[0053] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0054] one or more processors;

[0055] a storage device for storing one or more programs;

[0056] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned method for large-scale structural modeling of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body.

[0057] The present invention also provides a storage medium comprising computer executable instructions, which, when executed by a computer processor, are used to perform the above-mentioned method for large-scale structural modeling of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body.

[0058] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] In response to the difficulties in dealing with the relationship between faults and erosion layers faced in large-scale structural modeling of high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological bodies, the present invention comprehensively utilizes various types of data such as seismic, geological, logging and production dynamics. It mainly uses the repeated interactive processing method of complex structural modeling (Fault Framework) and fault Pillar corner point grid modeling to continuously process and optimize the fault and layer models, solve the grid deformation problems caused by complex fault deformation and inconsistent extension range in large-scale geological modeling, and accurately characterize the distribution of faults and strata, thereby improving modeling efficiency and model quality.

[0060] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological body according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 A seismic profile reflection characteristic diagram of a geological body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the strata, faults and their contact relationships included in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 A flow chart of a modeling method selected in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 A comparison diagram of the original seismic prediction of the stratum thickness and the generated stratum thickness containing the erosion zone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 A comparison diagram of the Make zone, Make horizons, and level optimization generated structural model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing a comparison of quality inspection of a construction model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a large-scale structural modeling system for a high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological body according to the present invention;

[0071] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention discloses a large-scale structural modeling method for high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological bodies. Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological body of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0074] Step S1: establishing a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body based on the reflection characteristics of the well-connected seismic profile;

[0075] Step S2: selecting a method for establishing a large-scale fault and formation model of a gas storage geological body;

[0076] Step S3: Based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the required modeling data is loaded into the geological modeling software, and the loaded data is quality controlled;

[0077] Step S4: Based on the fault data and the selected fault model establishment method, the Fault Framework and the fault Pillar data are interactively processed to establish a large-scale fault model in steps and perform quality control;

[0078] Step S5: performing fault Pillar skeleton spatial gridding based on the large-scale fault model;

[0079] Step S6: Based on the skeleton space gridding, a stratigraphic model is established by comparing and optimizing multiple methods;

[0080] Step S7: performing quality control and optimization on the formation model;

[0081] Step S8: Based on the optimized formation model, the bottom support layer, reservoir layer, and cap layer are vertically subdivided into different layers to establish a vertical grid framework of the formation model;

[0082] Step S9: Perform quality inspection on the large-scale fault and stratum grid model of the gas storage geological body.

[0083] Furthermore, step S1 is specifically as follows: based on seismic, drilling, and well logging data, synthetic record calibration is performed to clarify the seismic reflection characteristics of the formation; along the main structural distribution direction, a well-connected seismic profile passing through the key well and perpendicular to the main structure is selected, and according to the formation and fault characteristics of the well-connected seismic profile, different structural models of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body are established.

[0084] Furthermore, in step S1, the structural model of the gas storage geological body includes strata, faults, and contact relationships of fault-fault, strata-fault, and strata-strata; the strata include, from bottom to top, bottom support layers (H0-H1), reservoir layers (H1-H2), direct cap layers (H2-H3), and indirect cap layers (H3-H4); and faults include regional thrust faults (disconnecting all strata included in the geological body model) and local through faults (disconnecting part of the strata included in the geological body model).

[0085] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes: selecting a method combining Fault Framework and Fault Pillar to establish a fault model based on the complexity of the structural pattern of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, such as the development of regional thrust faults or small local through faults, the presence of multiple structural development stages, and the development of multiple superimposed unconformities; and selecting a method combining Make Zone and Make Horizons to establish a formation model based on the development characteristics of different formations, such as high-steep structural thin layers and high-steep structural erosion formations.

[0086] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes: based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, organizing the basic data and the stratigraphic and fault data required to characterize the structural model of the geological body in accordance with the corresponding data format and loading them into the geological modeling software; through multi-window joint display such as three-dimensional space, two-dimensional seismic profile, and well-connected profile, performing data quality inspection and control on the stratigraphic, fault and other data loaded into the geological modeling software to ensure that the data is complete, the drilling stratification is consistent with the seismic interpretation data, the inter-well change trend is consistent with the seismic interpretation data, and the spatial distribution of the stratigraphic and fault data conforms to the structural model.

[0087] Furthermore, in step S3, the basic data include seismic, drilling, well logging and geological data; the stratigraphic data include geological stratification data corresponding to the bottom support layer, reservoir, direct cover layer and indirect cover layer, seismic interpretation data (depth domain), structural map contour data, stratigraphic thickness data, etc.; the fault data include breakpoint data of well logging interpretation, fault data of seismic interpretation or digitized section data of structural map, etc.

[0088] Furthermore, the step S4 is specifically as follows: using the input fault data, respectively using the Fault Framework and the Fault Pillar provided by the modeling software to interactively process the fault model, and establishing a large-scale fault model step by step, including: (1) first processing the fault data according to the structural pattern, for regional thrust faults, the indirect cover layer (H4)-the bottom support layer (H0) is selected in the longitudinal range of the fault to cut off the unnecessary fault data; for local through-faults, the original fault data is kept; (2) secondly, using the processed fault data to select the Fault Framework fault modeling method to establish a fault model, for curved faults, cross faults, bifurcated faults or vertical truncation faults, etc., the main fault and the secondary fault and their intersection relationship are determined according to the structural pattern, and a primary fault model is established; (3) the Fault The primary fault model established by the framework is converted into the fault Pillar of the fault model. The fault Pillar is quality controlled and the contact relationship of the fault is defined with the drilling breakpoint data as the constraint to establish the final fault model; (4) The fault model is quality controlled using the fault / breakpoint interpretation data, thickness changes on both sides of the fault, fault penetration layer, fault distance distribution map and production and pressure monitoring data.

[0089] Furthermore, step S5 specifically comprises: based on the spatial distribution of the large-scale fault model and the relationship between the strata and the fault plane, a corner point grid is used to perform skeleton spatial gridding according to the fault-fault Pillar method to establish a three-dimensional geometric grid framework for the gas storage geological body. During gridding, the overlapping oil and gas-bearing range, the geological body overflow points, and the distribution of boundary fractures are considered. The boundary grid is also considered for water calculation, geological body sealing monitoring, oil and gas reservoir numerical simulation, and geomechanical simulation. The shape of the grid is a regular rectangle along the main structural direction. The grid direction is set based on the provenance direction, reservoir distribution, the main fluid flow direction, the direction of important faults, the dominant direction of fracture development, or the extension direction of the horizontal sections of most horizontal wells. Trend lines in the I and J directions are added near faults to guide the skeleton spatial gridding. To eliminate truncation faults, the fault direction must be specified as I / J. The grid step size takes into account the minimum well spacing, well location distribution, and reservoir heterogeneity. Finally, a uniformly distributed rectangular grid cell is created.

[0090] Furthermore, step S6 is specifically as follows: based on the skeleton space gridding, according to the structural model of the gas storage geological body, the Make Horizons stratigraphic model is used for the H0, H2, H3, and H4 strata with complete data; for the high-steep erosion reservoir H1, if the horizon model generated according to Make Horizons deviates greatly from the actual stratum, the Make zone method (using the stratum H2 and thickness) is selected to generate the H1 layer, thereby establishing the stratigraphic model of H0-H4 and completing the stratigraphic characterization of the erosion zone of the high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological body.

[0091] Furthermore, step S7 is specifically as follows: extracting the structural maps of H0, H1, H2, H3, and H4 and the thickness maps of the corresponding formations from the model for quality control; performing quality control by comparing the well trajectory, layering, and production perforation positions of the drilling (vertical well, highly deviated well / horizontal well) with the formation model, and adjusting and optimizing the layer model according to the quality control results.

[0092] Furthermore, the step S8 is specifically as follows: (1) considering the distribution characteristics of the stratigraphic model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, selecting equal-proportion subdivision layers for the bottom support layer (H0-H1), direct cap layer (H2-H3), and indirect cap layer (H3-H4); and selecting subdivision layers according to the trend of the top surface H2 for the denuded stratum (H1-H2); (2) comprehensively considering the lithofacies characteristics of the reservoir / cap layer, the vertical distribution characteristics of the reservoir, the changes in the physical properties of the well logging curve, the distribution of the interlayer, etc., and selecting the bottom support layer (H0-H1). The vertical grid subdivision scheme is determined by the method of differentiating the longitudinal grid accuracy for H0-H1), reservoir (H1-H2), direct cap rock (H2-H3), and indirect cap rock (H3-H4). The numbers of longitudinal subdivision grids N0, N1, N2, and N3 corresponding to H0-H1, H1-H2, H2-H3, and H3-H4 are set respectively. After the vertical grid subdivision, (H0-H1) / N0≈(H3-H4) / N3>(H2-H3) / N2>(H1-H2)>N1.

[0093] Furthermore, step S9 specifically includes: performing a quality check on the grid angle, grid volume, grid height, etc. based on the grid model of the large-scale faults and strata of the gas storage geological body established in S5, S6, S7, and S8; checking and adjusting the fault and layer models in areas where deformed grids appear; and finally providing a large-scale structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body for the phase model and attribute model.

[0094] The method of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The embodiment of the present invention provides a large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, comprising the following steps:

[0095] Step S1: Establishing a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body:

[0096] Based on seismic, drilling and logging data, synthetic record calibration is performed to clarify the seismic reflection characteristics of the formation. Figure 2 This is a seismic profile reflection characteristic diagram of a geological body according to an embodiment of the present invention. Following the main structural distribution, well-connected seismic profiles that pass through key wells and are perpendicular to the main structure are selected. Based on the stratigraphic and fault characteristics of these well-connected seismic profiles, different structural models of high-angle thrust gas storage geological bodies are established. Figure 3 This is a structural model diagram of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body at different structural positions perpendicular to the main structure in an implementation case of the present invention.

[0097] Furthermore, in step S1, the structural model of the gas storage geological body includes strata, faults, and contact relationships of fault-fault, strata-fault, and strata-strata; Figure 4 The strata, faults and their mutual contact relationships included in the implementation case of the present invention include the bottom supporting layer (H0-H1), reservoir (H1-H2), direct cover layer (H2-H3) and indirect cover layer (H3-H4) from bottom to top; the faults include regional thrust faults ①②④⑤ (disconnecting all strata included in the geological body model) and local through faults ③ (disconnecting part of the strata included in the geological body model).

[0098] Step S2: Select a modeling method for large-scale faults and strata of the gas storage geological body:

[0099] Depending on the complexity of the structural pattern of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, such as the development of regional thrust faults or small local through-faults, the inclusion of multiple structural development stages, and the development of multiple superimposed unconformities, a large-scale fault model is established by combining the Fault Framework and Fault Pillar methods. Based on the development characteristics of different strata, such as high-steep structural thin layers and high-steep structural erosion strata, a stratigraphic model is established by combining the Make Zone and Make Horizon methods. Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the modeling method selected in the implementation case of the present invention.

[0100] Step S3: Data loading and data quality control:

[0101] Based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the basic data and the stratigraphic and fault data required to characterize the structural model of the geological body are organized in the corresponding data format and loaded into the geological modeling software. Through multi-window joint display such as three-dimensional space, two-dimensional seismic profiles, and well-connected profiles, the stratigraphic and fault data loaded into the geological modeling software are inspected and controlled for data quality to ensure that the data is complete, the drilling stratification is consistent with the seismic interpretation data, the inter-well variation trend is consistent with the seismic interpretation data, and the spatial distribution of the stratigraphic and fault data conforms to the structural model. The basic data includes seismic, drilling, well logging, and geological data; stratigraphic data includes geological stratification data corresponding to the bottom support layer, reservoir, direct cap layer, and indirect cap layer, seismic interpretation data (depth domain), structural map contour line data, stratigraphic thickness data, etc.; fault data includes breakpoint data from well logging interpretation, fault data from seismic interpretation, or cross-section data from digitized structural maps, etc. Figure 6 The comparison diagram of the original seismic prediction of the formation thickness and the formation thickness with erosion area generated in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG, wherein a is the original seismic prediction of the formation thickness map, and b is the well calibration of the formation thickness map with erosion area. Figure 6As shown in Figures a-6b, the plumb bob thickness calculated from the geological stratification of actual drilling and inverse virtual wells is used as a constraint to generate a stratigraphic thickness map. On this basis, the drilling data, structural sedimentary background, and geological understanding can be combined to characterize the erosion zone Polygon. The stratigraphic thickness within the erosion zone Polygon is assigned a value of 0, and a stratigraphic thickness map containing the erosion zone can be generated, providing a data basis for establishing a stratigraphic model.

[0102] Step S4: Interactive processing between the Fault Framework and the fault Pillar data to build a large-scale fault model and perform quality control in steps:

[0103] (1) First, the fault data are processed according to the structural model. For regional thrust faults, the indirect cover layer (H4) and the bottom support layer (H0) are selected in the longitudinal range of the fault to cut off the unnecessary fault data; for local through-faults, the original fault data are retained;

[0104] (2) Secondly, the fault model is established by selecting the Fault Framework fault modeling method using the processed fault data. For curved faults, cross faults, bifurcation faults or vertical truncation faults, the main faults and secondary faults and their intersection relationship are determined according to the structural model, and a primary fault model is established;

[0105] (3) Convert the primary fault model established by the Fault Framework into the fault Pillar of the fault model. Using the drilling breakpoint data as a constraint, perform quality control on the fault Pillar and define the contact relationship of the faults to establish the final fault model.

[0106] (4) Quality control of the fault model is performed using fault / fault point interpretation data, thickness changes on both sides of the fault, fault penetration layers, fault throw distribution maps, and production and pressure monitoring data.

[0107] Step S5: Fault Pillar skeleton spatial meshing:

[0108] Based on the spatial distribution of large-scale fault models and the relationship between strata and fault planes, a corner-point grid was used for skeleton spatial gridding according to the fault Pillar model to establish a 3D geometric grid framework for the gas reservoir. During gridding, consideration was given to covering the overlapping oil and gas-bearing range, the distribution of geological overflow points and boundary faults, as well as the needs of water calculation, geological body sealing monitoring, reservoir numerical simulation, and geomechanical simulation. The grid boundary was a regular rectangular shape along the main structural direction. The grid direction was set based on provenance, reservoir distribution, the main fluid flow direction, the orientation of important faults, the dominant direction of fracture development, or the horizontal extension direction of most horizontal wells. Trend lines in the I and J directions were added near faults to guide the skeleton spatial gridding. To eliminate truncation faults, the fault direction was specified as I / J. The grid step size took into account the minimum well spacing, well location distribution, and reservoir heterogeneity. Ultimately, a uniformly distributed rectangular grid cell was created.

[0109] Step S6: Establishing a formation model by comparing and optimizing multiple methods:

[0110] Based on the skeleton space gridding and in accordance with the structural model of the gas storage geological body, the Make Horizons stratigraphic model is used for the H0, H2, H3, and H4 strata with complete data. For the high-steep erosion reservoir H1, the Make zone method (using the stratigraphic H2 and thickness) is selected to generate the H1 plane, thereby establishing the stratigraphic model of H0-H4 and completing the stratigraphic characterization of the erosion zone of the high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological body. Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of the Make zone, Make horizons and level optimization generation construction model of the embodiment of the present invention, where a is the Make zone establishment level model diagram, b is the Make horizons generation level model diagram, c is the Make Horizons and Make zone optimization construction model diagram, d is the Make Horizons and Make zone optimization level model diagram, Figure 7 As shown in a-7d, for the top surface of the cap layer and the bottom surface of the supporting layer, the Make Horizons method is selected to generate the layer ( Figure 7 b) For high-steep denuded reservoirs, if the horizon model generated by Make Horizons deviates greatly from the trajectory of large-scale wells / horizontal wells, the Make Zone method is selected to generate the bottom surface structure ( Figure 7 a), thereby establishing a structural model of the entire cap rock-reservoir-bottom layer and completing the stratigraphic characterization of the erosion area of ​​the high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological body ( Figure 7 c. Figure 7 d).

[0111] Step S7: Formation model quality control and optimization:

[0112] The structural maps of H0, H1, H2, H3, and H4, as well as the thickness maps of the corresponding formations, are extracted from the model for quality control. Quality control is performed by comparing the well trajectory, layering, and production perforation locations of drilling (vertical wells, highly deviated wells / horizontal wells) with the formation model, and the layer model is adjusted and optimized based on the quality control results.

[0113] Step S8: Differentially subdivide the strata vertically and establish a vertical grid framework for the stratum model:

[0114] (1) Considering the distribution characteristics of the stratigraphic model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the subdivision layers are selected in equal proportion for the bottom support layer (H0-H1), direct cover layer (H2-H3), and indirect cover layer (H3-H4); the subdivision layers are selected according to the trend of the top surface H2 for the denuded stratum (H1-H2);

[0115] (2) Taking into account the lithofacies characteristics of the reservoir / caprock, the vertical distribution characteristics of the reservoir, the changes in physical properties of the logging curve, the distribution of interlayers, etc., the vertical grid subdivision scheme is determined by using the method of differential division of the vertical grid accuracy for the bottom support layer (H0-H1), reservoir (H1-H2), direct caprock (H2-H3), and indirect caprock (H3-H4). The vertical grid subdivision numbers N0, N1, N2, and N3 corresponding to H0-H1, H1-H2, H2-H3, and H3-H4 are set respectively. After vertical grid subdivision, (H0-H1) / N0≈(H3-H4) / N3>(H2-H3) / N2>(H1-H2)>N1.

[0116] Step S9: Quality inspection of large-scale fault and stratum grid models of gas storage geological bodies:

[0117] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of structural model quality inspection comparison of the embodiment of the present invention; wherein a1 is a schematic diagram of breakpoint interpretation, a2 is a schematic diagram of model breakpoint deviation, b1 is a schematic diagram of completion drilling and sidetracking layering, b2 is a schematic diagram of model completion drilling and sidetracking layering deviation, c1 is a schematic diagram of production perforation results, c2 is a schematic diagram of model production perforation deviation, interpretation data, breakpoint interpretation data ( Figure 8 a1. Figure 8 a2) Thickness changes on both sides of the fault, fault penetration layer, fault distance distribution map and production ( Figure 8 c1. Figure 8 c2) and pressure monitoring data to conduct quality control and influencing factor analysis on the fault model; using completion and side drilling geological stratification ( Figure 8 b1. Figure 8b2) Check the layer model based on seismic layer interpretation data, well-seismic comparison and well-connected well comparison, stratum contact relationship, high-angle well and horizontal well trajectories, and stratum and subdivided layer thickness maps extracted from the model; check the grid quality by checking the skeleton grid, grid angle, grid volume, grid height, and deformed grids, check the fault and layer models in the area where deformed grids appear, and adjust them, ultimately providing a large-scale structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body for the phase model and attribute model.

[0118] The present invention also provides a large-scale structural modeling system for high-angle thrust gas storage geological bodies. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a large-scale structural modeling system for a high-angle thrust erosion gas storage geological body according to the present invention. Figure 9 As shown, the system includes: a first establishing unit 201, which is used to establish a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to the reflection characteristics of the well-connected seismic profile; a selecting unit 202, which is used to select a method for establishing a large-scale fault and formation model of the gas storage geological body; a loading and quality control unit 203, which is used to load the required modeling data into the geological modeling software based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body and perform quality control on the loaded data; a second establishing unit 204, which is used to use the fault data and the selected fault model establishment method to establish a large-scale fault and formation model of the gas storage geological body; The framework and fault Pillar data are interactively processed to establish a large-scale fault model in steps and perform quality control; the gridding unit 205 is used to perform fault Pillar skeleton space gridding based on the large-scale fault model; the third establishment unit 206 is used to establish a formation model by comparing and optimizing multiple methods on the basis of the skeleton space gridding; the quality control and optimization unit 207 is used to perform quality control and optimization on the formation model; the fourth establishment unit 208 is used to perform differential vertical subdivision of the bottom support layer, reservoir layer, and cap layer based on the optimized formation model, and establish a vertical grid framework for the formation model; the quality inspection unit 209 is used to perform quality inspection on the large-scale fault and formation grid model of the gas storage geological body.

[0119] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides an electronic device, Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention, such as Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device includes at least one processor 301, at least one communication interface 302, at least one memory 303 and at least one communication bus 304; wherein the processor 301, the communication interface 302 and the memory 303 communicate with each other via the communication bus 304;

[0120] Memory 303, storing computer programs;

[0121] The processor 301 is configured to implement the large-scale structural modeling method of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body when executing the program stored in the memory 303 .

[0122] Optionally, the communication interface may be an interface of a communication module, such as an interface of a GSM module; the processor may be a CPU, or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. The memory may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. The memory stores a program, and the processor calls the program stored in the memory to execute some or all of the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0123] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, some or all of the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, for example, a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, or the like.

[0124] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-scale structural modeling method for high-angle thrust gas storage geological bodies, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step S1: establishing a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body based on the reflection characteristics of the well-connected seismic profile; Step S2: selecting a method for establishing a large-scale fault and formation model of a gas storage geological body; Step S3: Based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the required modeling data is loaded into the geological modeling software, and the loaded data is quality controlled; Step S4: Based on the fault data and the selected fault model establishment method, the Fault Framework and the fault Pillar data are interactively processed to establish a large-scale fault model in steps and perform quality control; Step S5: performing fault Pillar skeleton spatial gridding based on the large-scale fault model; Step S6: Based on the skeleton space gridding, a stratigraphic model is established by comparing and optimizing multiple methods; Step S7: performing quality control and optimization on the formation model; Step S8: Based on the optimized formation model, the bottom support layer, reservoir layer, and cap layer are vertically subdivided into different layers to establish a vertical grid framework of the formation model; Step S9: Perform quality inspection on the large-scale fault and stratum grid model of the gas storage geological body.

2. A large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 is specifically as follows: Based on seismic, drilling, and logging data, synthetic record calibration is performed to clarify the seismic profile reflection characteristics of the formation; Following the main structural distribution direction, connected well seismic profiles passing through key wells and perpendicular to the main structure are selected. Based on the stratum and fault characteristics of the connected well seismic profiles, a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body is established. The structural model of the gas storage geological body includes strata, faults, and fault-fault, stratum-fault, and stratum-stratum contact relationships. The strata include, from bottom to top, supporting layers, reservoir layers, direct cap layers, and indirect cap layers. Faults include regional thrust faults and local through-faults.

3. The large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 is specifically as follows: According to the complexity of the structural pattern of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the fault model is established by combining the Fault Framework with the Fault Pillar method. According to the development characteristics of different strata, the stratigraphic model is established by combining Make Zone and Make Horizons.

4. The large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step S3 is specifically as follows: Based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the basic data and the stratigraphic and fault data required to characterize the structural model of the geological body are sorted according to the corresponding data format and loaded into the geological modeling software; Quality inspection and control are performed on the stratigraphic data and fault data loaded into the geological modeling software to ensure that the data is complete, the drilling stratification is consistent with the seismic interpretation data, the inter-well change trend is consistent with the seismic interpretation data, and the spatial distribution of stratigraphic and fault data conforms to the structural model.

5. The large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 is specifically as follows: Process the fault data according to the structural model. For regional thrust faults, the indirect cover layer and the bottom support layer are selected to cut off unnecessary fault data in the longitudinal range of the fault. For local through-faults, the original fault data are kept. The processed fault data is used to select the Fault Framework fault modeling method to establish a fault model. For curved faults, cross faults, bifurcated faults or vertical truncation faults, the main fault and secondary faults and their intersection relationship are determined according to the structural model, and a primary fault model is established. Convert the primary fault model created by the Fault Framework into the fault Pillar of the fault model. Using the drilling breakpoint data as a constraint, perform quality control on the fault Pillar and define the contact relationship of the faults to establish the final fault model. The fault model is quality controlled using fault / fault point interpretation data, thickness changes on both sides of the fault, fault penetration levels, fault throw distribution maps, and production and pressure monitoring data.

6. The large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 is specifically as follows: Based on the spatial distribution of large-scale fault models and the relationship between strata and fault planes, the corner point grid is used for skeleton spatial gridding according to the fault Pillar, and a three-dimensional geometric grid framework for the gas storage geological body is established.

7. The large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S6 is specifically as follows: On the basis of skeleton space gridding, according to the structural pattern of gas storage geological bodies, the MakeHorizons stratigraphic model is used for strata with complete data; for high-steep eroded strata, the Makezone method is selected to generate planes, thereby establishing the stratigraphic model of the gas storage geological body and completing the stratigraphic characterization of the eroded area of ​​the high-angle thrust eroded gas storage geological body.

8. The large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S7 is specifically as follows: Structural maps and thickness maps are extracted from the formation model, and quality control is performed by comparing the drilling well trajectory, layering, and production perforation positions with the formation model. The layer model is adjusted and optimized based on the quality control results.

9. The large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S8 is specifically as follows: Considering the distribution characteristics of the stratigraphic model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body, the subdivision layers are selected in equal proportion for the bottom support layer, direct cover layer, and indirect cover layer, and the subdivision layers are selected according to the trend of the top surface for the denuded stratum; Taking into account the lithofacies characteristics of the reservoir / caprock, the vertical distribution characteristics of the reservoir, the changes in physical properties of the logging curve, and the distribution of interlayers, the vertical grid subdivision scheme is determined by adopting the method of differential vertical grid division for the bottom support layer, reservoir, direct caprock, and indirect caprock.

10. The large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S9 is specifically as follows: Based on the established grid model of large-scale faults and strata of the gas storage geological body, the grid angle, grid volume, and grid height are quality checked. In areas where deformed grids appear, the fault and layer models are checked and adjusted, ultimately providing a large-scale structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body for the phase model and attribute model.

11. A large-scale structural modeling system for high-angle thrust gas storage geological bodies, characterized in that: The system comprises: The first establishing unit is used to establish a structural model of a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body based on the reflection characteristics of the well-connected seismic profile; A selection unit is used to select a method for establishing a large-scale fault and formation model of a gas storage geological body; A loading and quality control unit is used to load the required modeling data into the geological modeling software based on the structural model of the high-angle thrust gas storage geological body and perform quality control on the loaded data; The second establishment unit is used to establish a large-scale fault model and perform quality control in steps based on the fault data and the selected model establishment method, using the Fault Framework and the fault Pillar data for interactive processing; A gridding unit, used for performing fault Pillar skeleton spatial gridding based on the large-scale fault model; The third establishment unit is used to establish a stratigraphic model based on the skeleton space gridding and by comparing and optimizing multiple methods; Quality control and optimization unit, used to perform quality control and optimization on the formation model; The fourth establishment unit is used to perform differential vertical subdivision of the bottom support layer, reservoir layer, and cap layer based on the optimized formation model, and establish a vertical grid framework of the formation model; The quality inspection unit is used to perform quality inspection on large-scale faults and stratigraphic grid models of gas storage geological bodies.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body as described in any one of claims 1-10.

13. A storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that: When executed by a computer processor, the computer executable instructions are used to execute a large-scale structural modeling method for a high-angle thrust gas storage geological body according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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