The invention provides a foreland basin deep buried and compressed type complex gypsum-salt rock identification and distribution prediction method. The method comprises the following steps that: according to lithological vertical change in outcrop data, drilling data and logging data, a lithological sequence caused by sedimentary environment change is reserved, and a gypsum-salt rock deformation and overlying sequence caused by tectonic compression and fault repetition is eliminated, and an original lithologic sequence is established, and an ancient landform model of a research area is recovered through the original lithologic sequence, and a current tectonic model is recovered; and three-dimensional gravity, magnetic, electric and seismic joint inversion is carried out, and lithological and lithofacies interpretation of gypsum-salt rock at the surrounding region of a borehole is carried out through electrical methods, seismic facies and density anomaly and by means of the original lithologic sequence and the current tectonic model, and therefore, a lithological sequence plane distribution rule can be determined. According to the method provided by the invention, based on foreland basin gypsum-salt rock deformation characteristics which are obtained through geologic modeling, and geophysical methods such as three-dimensional gravity, magnetic, electric and seismic methods are adopted to perform joint inversion, and therefore, the distribution characteristics of post-deformation gypsum-salt rock can be accurately determined.