An adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power equipment technology, specifically to an adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations. The adjustable grounding device includes a grounding rod body with a hook. A spring piece is disposed inside the hook, electrically connected to the hook, and has both a strip-shaped and a ring-shaped configuration. When the spring piece is in the ring-shaped configuration, it is sleeved on the cable and electrically connected to the cable. In use, the hook is first sleeved around the outer circumference of the cable. Then, the grounding rod body is moved downwards, causing the cable to contact the spring piece. As the grounding rod body continues to move, the cable pushes the spring piece, causing it to switch from a strip-shaped configuration to a ring-shaped configuration, wrapping around the outer circumference of the cable. This ring-shaped connection ensures surface contact between the spring piece and the cable, increasing the contact area and reducing the contact resistance, thereby improving the safety of power operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment technology, and in particular to an adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations. Background Technology

[0002] In the maintenance and repair of power systems, grounding rods play a crucial role. As a key device for ensuring operational safety, its core function is to establish a reliable electrical connection between cables and the earth. By safely diverting current generated by electrical faults such as leakage or lightning strikes to the earth, it effectively prevents electric shock accidents and reduces the risk of equipment damage due to overvoltage.

[0003] To improve the stability and safety of the connection between grounding rods and cables, various auxiliary safety devices have been developed in related technical fields. Among them, an auxiliary safety device for grounding rods disclosed in Chinese patent application CN119674573A is quite representative. The core structure of this device includes a hook, with sliding grooves on two opposing inner walls of the hook. Each sliding groove contains a spring and a limiting head. The two ends of the spring are connected between the limiting head and the inner wall of the hook, and the limiting head is designed in an arc shape. Its working principle is as follows: when the hook is hung on the cable, the cable pushes the limiting heads on both sides into the sliding groove, thereby compressing the spring; under the action of the spring's rebound force, the two limiting heads can clamp and fix the cable, thus realizing the connection between the grounding rod and the cable.

[0004] However, the aforementioned auxiliary safety devices used for grounding rods also have some problems in actual use: Since the cables used in power systems are mostly cylindrical, while the limiting head is arc-shaped, the actual contact between them is line contact. This line contact characteristic directly results in an insufficient actual contact area between the limiting head and the cable. This insufficient contact area triggers a chain reaction: under certain material and pressure conditions, the contact resistance between conductors is inversely proportional to the contact area. Therefore, a smaller contact area significantly increases the contact resistance. Increased contact resistance not only reduces the conductivity of the grounding circuit, affecting the effective functioning of grounding protection, but may also generate a large amount of heat due to the Joule effect when a large current passes through, exacerbating oxidation and wear on the contact surface, further deteriorating contact performance, and even potentially leading to grounding failure, posing a potential threat to the safety of power operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations to address the poor safety performance of current grounding rods.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations includes a grounding rod body with a hook and a spring piece disposed inside the hook. The spring piece is electrically connected to the hook and has a strip-shaped state and a ring-shaped state. When in the ring-shaped state, the spring piece is sleeved on the cable and electrically connected to the cable.

[0008] Furthermore, the grounding rod body also has an insulating rod, which is fixedly connected to the hook; a mounting base is also provided on the inner side of the hook, and the mounting base has an inverted U-shaped structure; the spring piece is disposed on the mounting base and rotates synchronously with the mounting base; the grounding rod body can rotate relative to the mounting base around a first axis, which is parallel to the insulating rod; spring telescopic rods are provided on two opposing inner sidewalls of the mounting base, the spring telescopic rods and the spring piece are in the same plane and can slide along their own extension direction, and the telescopic ends of the two spring telescopic rods can respectively form a stop engagement with the two ends of the spring piece; the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations also includes an adjustment mechanism, which is configured to unidirectionally and proportionally adjust the clamping force of the spring piece on the cable according to the vibration amplitude of the grounding rod body.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a one-way component and two cams. The spring telescopic rod is connected to the mounting base through the one-way component, and under the action of the one-way component, the spring telescopic rod can only move towards the spring piece. The two cams are respectively disposed on the mounting base and can rotate around their own large-end axis. The small end of the cam can form a stop engagement with the stationary end of the spring telescopic rod. Each cam is fitted with a first ratchet ring, which can rotate around its own axis and forms both a one-way rotational engagement with the cam and a frictional rotational engagement with the hook.

[0010] Furthermore, the unidirectional component includes a ratchet rack and a ratchet bar. Each of the spring telescopic rods has a ratchet rack fixedly installed on its stationary end. The ratchet rack and the spring telescopic rod are parallel to each other. Two ratchet bars are inserted into the mounting base. The ratchet bars can slide elastically in a direction perpendicular to the ratchet rack and can form a snap-fit ​​engagement with the ratchet rack.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting base is capable of elastically sliding relative to the spring piece in a direction parallel to the insulating rod; a base rod is provided inside the mounting base; a pressure sleeve is sleeved on the base rod, and the pressure sleeve is capable of rotating around its own axis; a sliding frame is provided on the mounting base, and the sliding frame is capable of sliding in a direction parallel to the insulating rod and can form a stop engagement with the cable; a guide sleeve is fixedly provided on the sliding frame, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the pressure sleeve, and can form both a stop engagement with the pressure sleeve and a guide engagement with the pressure sleeve; a retaining sleeve is also fixedly provided inside the mounting base, and the retaining sleeve is sleeved on the guide sleeve, and can form both a stop engagement with the pressure sleeve, a guide engagement with the pressure sleeve, and a guide engagement with the guide sleeve; an elastic element connects the pressure sleeve and the base rod, and under the action of the elastic element, the pressure sleeve tends to move closer to the guide sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations also includes a control component, which is configured to adjust the degree of deformation of the elastic element proportionally to the clamping force of the spring on the cable.

[0013] Furthermore, the control component includes a second ratchet ring and a retaining ring. The second ratchet ring is disposed within the mounting base and is rotatable about its own axis, forming a frictional rotational engagement with the hook. The second ratchet ring is also sleeved on the base rod and forms a unidirectional rotational engagement with the base rod. The base rod is rotatable about its own axis. The retaining ring is helically sleeved on the base rod and forms a guiding engagement with the mounting base. The elastic element is connected between the retaining ring and the pressure sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic element is a first compression spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the spring sheet is provided with two elastic seats, which can form a stop engagement with the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the elastic seat is made of rubber material.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] This invention relates to an adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations. By setting up a spring, and utilizing the elastic deformation characteristic of the spring, during installation, the spring is deformed into a ring and sleeved on the cable, so that the spring and the cable are in surface contact. Compared with the existing line contact method, it can increase the contact area, reduce the contact resistance, and improve the connection stability, thereby improving the safety of power operations.

[0019] Furthermore, by setting up a mounting base and a spring telescopic rod, and setting up a corresponding adjustment mechanism, when the grounding rod body vibrates, the clamping force of the spring plate on the cable can be adjusted unidirectionally and proportionally according to the vibration amplitude of the grounding rod body, thereby further ensuring the stability of the connection between the spring plate and the cable.

[0020] Furthermore, by setting up a base rod, sliding frame, and elastic element, and setting up a matching pressure sleeve, guide sleeve, and stop sleeve, during disassembly, the elastic potential energy accumulated in advance by the elastic element helps the spring piece switch from a ring state to a strip state, reducing the force required to separate the spring piece and the cable, thereby reducing the labor intensity of operators and improving the ease of operation.

[0021] Furthermore, by setting up a control component, the deformation degree of the elastic element can be adjusted proportionally to the clamping force of the spring on the cable. When the clamping force of the spring on the cable is greater, the elastic potential energy accumulated by the elastic element is greater. During subsequent disassembly, the force required to separate the spring and the cable is smaller, which reduces the labor intensity of operators and improves the ease of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 An exploded view of the components of the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Y in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjustable grounding device and cable connection for high and low voltage line operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Z in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the spring contact of the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A front view schematic diagram of the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0031] Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure sleeve, guide sleeve and baffle sleeve of the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 An exploded view of the pressure sleeve, guide sleeve, and retaining sleeve of the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] in:

[0034] 1. Grounding rod body; 101. Hook; 1011. First clearance hole; 102. Insulating rod; 2. Spring piece; 201. Elastic seat; 202. Elastic deformation seat; 203. Insert rod; 204. Insert protrusion; 3. Mounting base; 301. Connecting rod; 302. Slot; 303. Connecting groove; 304. Second clearance hole; 305. Guide block; 306. Mounting groove; 4. Spring telescopic rod; 401. Stationary end; 402. Telescopic end; 403. First spring piece 501. Spring; 502. Cam; 503. First ratchet ring; 6. Base rod; 7. Pressure sleeve; 704. First guide protrusion; 8. Sliding frame; 9. Guide sleeve; 905. Second guide protrusion; 906. Sliding protrusion; 10. Stop sleeve; 1007. First sliding groove; 1008. Third guide protrusion; 1009. Fourth guide protrusion; 11. First compression spring; 12. Adjustment component; 1201. Second ratchet ring; 1202. Stop ring; 13. Nut; 14. Second spring; 15. Cable. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] The following reference Figures 1 to 11 The present invention describes an adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations, which is particularly suitable for grounding work during high and low voltage line operations.

[0039] Specifically, the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations includes a grounding rod body 1. The grounding rod body 1 has a hook 101 and an insulating rod 102 fixedly connected. The hook 101 is used to hang on the cable 15, and the insulating rod 102 is used for easy gripping by the operator. A clamping component is provided inside the hook 101 to hold the cable 15 when the hook 101 is hung on it, thereby firmly connecting the grounding rod body 1 to the cable 15. The contact surface between the existing clamping component and the cable 15 is usually designed as an arc surface, while the cables 15 used in power systems are mostly standard cylindrical structures. From a geometric perspective, when the arc surface contacts the cylindrical surface, the contact area between the two is only a straight line (i.e., the intersection of the two curved surfaces), forming a typical line contact. From the perspective of physical contact principles, the nature of line contact determines that the actual effective contact area between the clamping component and the cable 15 is extremely small. According to the contact resistance theory in electromagnetism, the resistance of a conductor contact surface consists of two parts: contraction resistance and surface film resistance. Contraction resistance arises from the streamline contraction of current at the contact surface and its magnitude is inversely proportional to the contact area. Surface film resistance is formed by insulating materials such as oxide layers and dirt on the contact surface, and similarly increases as the effective contact area decreases. Therefore, under fixed conditions such as contact materials and clamping pressure, the small contact area caused by line contact can significantly increase the total contact resistance.

[0040] An increase in contact resistance will trigger a series of chain reactions: From the perspective of circuit conduction, the total resistance of the grounding loop consists of the resistance of the grounding rod body 1, the contact resistance, and the earth resistance. A surge in contact resistance will directly cause the total resistance of the grounding loop to exceed the safety threshold, reducing the discharge efficiency of leakage current and lightning current, and weakening the reliability of the grounding protection function; From the perspective of energy conversion, according to the Joule-Lenz law, heat will be generated when current passes through a resistor (Q=I²Rt). When a large fault current (such as a lightning current that can reach tens of thousands of amperes) passes through, a large amount of heat will be generated instantaneously at the contact resistance, causing the contact surface temperature to rise sharply. The high temperature will accelerate the oxidation reaction of the contact surface metal, forming a thicker oxide layer, further increasing the contact resistance. At the same time, it may also cause the elasticity of the clamping parts to fail, reducing the clamping force; Under long-term cycles, the contact performance will continue to deteriorate, which may eventually cause the grounding loop to be interrupted, causing the equipotential connection between the live parts of cable 15 and the earth to fail, posing a direct risk of electric shock to power workers and creating a hidden danger of overvoltage damage to equipment.

[0041] Based on this, in the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in this embodiment of the invention, the clamping element is configured as a spring piece 2, which is electrically connected to the hook 101. The spring piece 2 has a strip-shaped state and a ring-shaped state. When the spring piece 2 is in the ring-shaped state, it is sleeved on the cable 15 and electrically connected to the cable 15, ensuring that the current on the cable 15 can be stably transmitted to the ground through the conductive path formed by the spring piece 2 and the hook 101. The electrical continuity of this process is guaranteed by the electrical connection between the spring piece 2 and the hook 101. From the perspective of contact form, the spring piece 2 forms surface contact with the cylindrical cable 15 in the ring-shaped state. Its advantages are reflected in the following aspects:

[0042] From an electrical principle perspective, surface contact directly reduces contact resistance by increasing the effective contact area between conductors. According to the mechanism of contact resistance, it consists of the contraction resistance caused by the current flow line contraction and the surface film resistance formed by the oxide layer on the contact surface; both are inversely proportional to the contact area. Compared to line contact, surface contact significantly increases the number of effective current conduction paths, reduces the contraction effect of current at the contact surface, and disperses the influence of the surface film, resulting in a substantial reduction in total contact resistance. This change improves the conductivity of the grounding loop, ensuring that fault currents such as leakage and lightning strikes can be quickly conducted to the ground through the grounding device, avoiding delayed or incomplete current discharge due to excessive resistance, thereby ensuring the reliable functioning of grounding protection.

[0043] From a mechanical stability perspective, the surface contact creates a ring-shaped wrapping effect between the spring 2 and the cable 15, resulting in a more uniform distribution of contact points. According to the friction formula (f=μN), with a constant clamping force (N), the surface contact increases the actual effective range of the friction coefficient (μ), thereby enhancing the overall static friction. This structure effectively resists external forces such as cable 15 vibration and wind, reduces the relative displacement between the spring 2 and the cable 15, and avoids instantaneous resistance spikes or conduction interruptions due to poor contact. Simultaneously, the uniform contact pressure distribution reduces local stress concentration, minimizes plastic deformation of the spring 2 caused by long-term uneven stress, extends the effective service life of the equipment, and indirectly ensures structural stability during power operations.

[0044] Therefore, by using the contact between the spring 2 and the cable 15, the inherent defects of line contact are solved in terms of both electrical conduction efficiency and mechanical connection stability, providing dual protection for the safety of power operations.

[0045] Initially, the spring piece 2 is in a strip-shaped state and perpendicular to the insulating rod 102. The cross-sectional shape of the spring piece 2 is arc-shaped, with the inner arc surface facing upwards, ensuring that its circumferential sidewall is a circular surface when the spring piece 2 changes to a ring state, thereby achieving a tight fit with the cable 15 and ensuring the contact area between the two. An elastic deformation seat 202 is fixed at the top center of the spring piece 2, and the elastic deformation seat 202 is also fixed at the inner center of the hook 101. When the spring piece 2 deforms, the elastic deformation seat 202 can ensure the switching of the state of the spring piece 2 through its own elastic deformation. First clearance holes 1011 are provided through the two opposite inner sidewalls of the hook 101, and the two ends of the spring piece 2 extend into the two first clearance holes 1011 respectively to avoid interference with the hook 101 when deformed.

[0046] Understandably, the material of the spring 2 can be set to any one of beryllium bronze alloy (QBe2), titanium alloy (TC4), 65Mn spring steel, etc.

[0047] In other embodiments, after the operator hangs the grounding rod body 1 on the cable 15, it is in a free, non-rigidly fixed state. At this time, external environmental disturbances (such as wind loads, ground vibration wave transmission, instantaneous impact from birds landing on the cable 15, etc.) will trigger a chain reaction through the following mechanical transmission path: From the perspective of vibration transmission principles, the cable 15, as a slender and flexible component, has a low natural frequency and is prone to lateral or axial vibration under external excitation. When the cable 15 vibrates, the vibration energy is transmitted to the spring 2 through the surface contact friction between the spring 2 and the cable 15, and then transmitted to the entire grounding rod body 1 through rigid connection components such as the mounting base 3 and hook 101. This causes the grounding rod body 1 to oscillate with the cable 15 at the same or different frequencies, which can easily lead to the grounding rod body 1 and the cable 15 detaching, affecting safety.

[0048] Based on this, the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations provided in this embodiment of the invention is further configured to include a mounting base 3. The mounting base 3 has an inverted U-shaped structure and is located inside the hook 101 during installation. The outer side wall of the mounting base 3 and the inner side wall of the hook 101 are overlapped. A connecting rod 301 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer side wall of the mounting base 3. The connecting rod 301 passes through the hook 101 upwards during installation. A nut 13 is threaded onto the connecting rod 301. The nut 13 is simultaneously stopped on the outer side wall of the hook 101, thereby enabling the mounting base 3 to be connected to the hook 101. A slot 302 is opened on the top of the inner side wall of the mounting base 3 and in the connecting rod 301. The slot 302 and the insulating rod 102 are arranged parallel to each other. An insertion rod 203 is fixedly installed on the elastic deformation seat 202. The insertion rod 203 is inserted into the slot 302 during installation. A connecting groove 303 is provided on the side wall of the slot 302, and a protrusion 204 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the insertion rod 203. The protrusion 204 is inserted into the slot 302 during installation, so that the spring piece 2 can rotate synchronously with the mounting base 3. When the cable 15 vibrates, since the cable 15, the spring piece 2 and the mounting base 3 are an integral structure, the cable 15 drives the spring piece 2 and the mounting base 3 to vibrate together. The connecting rod 301 is a round rod structure. The outer side wall of the mounting base 3 and the inner side wall of the hook 101 are both set as curved surfaces, so that the grounding rod body 1 can rotate around the first axis. The first axis coincides with the axis of the connecting rod 301. Since the hook 101 is free relative to the mounting base 3 and has the degree of freedom to rotate around the connecting rod 301, when the cable 15 vibrates, the hook 101 will rotate around the connecting rod 301 relative to the mounting base 3. A second clearance hole 304 is provided through both of the two inner sidewalls opposite to the mounting base 3. The second clearance hole 304 and the first clearance hole 1011 are respectively provided. The two ends of the spring piece 2 extend into the two second clearance holes 304 respectively to avoid interference with the mounting base 3 when deformed.

[0049] Guide blocks 305 are bolted to the two inner sidewalls opposite to the mounting base 3. The guide blocks 305 and the second clearance hole 304 are arranged close to each other, and the two guide blocks 305 are symmetrically arranged about the connecting rod 301. A spring telescopic rod 4 is provided in each second clearance hole 304. The spring telescopic rod 4 is located at the bottom of the second clearance hole 304 and is perpendicular to the insulating rod 102. The two spring telescopic rods 4 are symmetrically arranged about the connecting rod 301 to ensure that they are in the same plane as the spring piece 2. The spring telescopic rod 4 has a stationary end 401, a telescopic end 402 and a first spring 403, wherein the telescopic end 402 is fitted during installation. The spring 403 is inserted into the stationary end 401 and points towards the spring 2. It is connected between the stationary end 401 and the telescopic end 402. The stationary end 401 is vertically and slides through the guide block 305 to ensure that the spring telescopic rod 4 can slide along its own extension direction, so that the telescopic end 402 can form a stop with the spring 2. While compressing the first spring 403, under the action of the rebound force of the first spring 403, the two telescopic ends 402 move closer to each other and further clamp the cable 15 through the spring 2, thereby further ensuring the connection stability between the spring 2 and the cable 15.

[0050] The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations also includes an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism comprises a one-way component and two cams 501. The spring telescopic rod 4 is connected to the mounting base 3 via the one-way component. Under the action of the one-way component, the spring telescopic rod 4 can only move towards the spring piece 2, thereby adjusting the clamping force of the spring piece 2 on the cable 15 unidirectionally and proportionally according to the vibration amplitude of the grounding rod body 1. The cams 501 have a structure with one large end and one small end. During installation, the two cams 501 are located in the two second clearance holes 304 respectively, and both are rotatably inserted into the bottom of the second mounting hole via their large ends. The cam 501 forms a frictional engagement with the mounting base 3, and the small end of the cam 501 can form a stop engagement with the stationary end 401 of the spring telescopic rod 4. A first ratchet ring 502 is sleeved on the large end of each cam 501. The first ratchet ring 502 can rotate around its own axis. Multiple first ratchet teeth are provided on the inner peripheral wall of the first ratchet ring 502, and multiple second ratchet teeth are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the large end of the cam 501. The second ratchet teeth and the first ratchet teeth form a snap engagement, thereby enabling the first ratchet ring 502 and the cam 501 to form a unidirectional rotational engagement. At the same time, the outer peripheral wall of the first ratchet ring 502 is in frictional contact with the inner side wall of the hook 101.

[0051] During use, the operator first places the hook 101 around the outer periphery of the cable 15, and then moves the grounding rod body 1 downward so that the cable 15 and the spring piece 2 come into contact. As the grounding rod body 1 continues to move downward, the cable 15 pushes the spring piece 2, causing the spring piece 2 to switch from a strip state to a ring state and wrap around the outer periphery of the cable 15. At this time, the cable 15, the spring piece 2 and the mounting base 3 are an integral structure.

[0052] When the cable 15 vibrates, it synchronously drives the spring 2 and the mounting base 3 to vibrate together. Since the hook 101 is free relative to the mounting base 3 and has the degree of freedom to rotate around the connecting rod 301, the hook 101 will rotate relative to the mounting base 3. During the forward rotation of hook 101, hook 101 drives the first ratchet ring 502 to rotate through frictional engagement with the first ratchet ring 502. The first ratchet ring 502 drives cam 501 to rotate around its large end through the snapping engagement between the first ratchet and the second ratchet. Cam 501 then forms a stop engagement with stationary end 401 through its small end. As cam 501 continues to rotate, it pushes stationary end 401 to move closer to spring 2. Stationary end 401 drives telescopic end 402 to move simultaneously through first spring 403. When telescopic end 402 contacts spring 2, as stationary end 401 continues to move, first spring 403 is further compressed. Under the rebound force of first spring 403, the two telescopic ends 402 move closer to each other and further clamp cable 15 through spring 2. Furthermore, the greater the vibration amplitude of the cable 15, the greater the angle of rotation of the hook 101 relative to the mounting base 3, the greater the angle of rotation of the first ratchet ring 502 and the cam 501, the farther the stationary end 401 moves, and the greater the compression of the first spring 403, thereby making the clamping force of the spring piece 2 on the cable 15 greater, ensuring the stability of the connection between the spring piece 2 and the cable 15.

[0053] During the reverse rotation of hook 101, the spring telescopic rod 4 remains in place under the action of the one-way component; cam 501 remains stationary through the frictional engagement between its large end and mounting base 3, and the first ratchet ring 502 rotates normally in the reverse direction.

[0054] Furthermore, the one-way assembly is configured to include a ratchet rack and a ratchet bar. A ratchet rack is fixedly provided on the stationary end 401 of each spring telescopic rod 4. The ratchet rack and the spring telescopic rod 4 are parallel and located within the guide block 305. A ratchet bar is inserted into each guide block 305. The ratchet bar and the insulating rod 102 are parallel and simultaneously form a snap-fit ​​engagement with the ratchet rack. It is connected to the guide block 305 through a second compression spring. Under the action of the second compression spring, the ratchet bar tends to engage with the ratchet rack, thereby ensuring that the spring telescopic rod 4 can only move towards the spring piece 2.

[0055] During the reset process, manually pull the ratchet bar away from the ratchet rack. The second spring will compress synchronously, causing the ratchet bar and ratchet rack to disengage from the engagement. Then, manually reset the spring extension rod 4. Then, release the ratchet bar. The second spring will drive the ratchet bar closer to the ratchet rack and re-engage with it to avoid affecting the next use.

[0056] In other embodiments, there are multiple connecting grooves 303 arranged circumferentially, and multiple insert protrusions 204 arranged circumferentially and inserted into the connecting grooves 303 respectively, thereby improving the connection stability between the mounting base 3 and the spring piece 2.

[0057] In other embodiments, to improve the ease of operation when disassembling the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage lines, the slot 302 and the plug rod 203 are both columnar structures, and the slot 302 and the connecting rod 301 are coaxially arranged. The connecting groove 303 is a strip structure, parallel to the axis of the slot 302, and extends downward through the inner wall of the mounting base 3. The protrusion 204 is a strip structure, parallel to the axis of the plug rod 203. During installation, the protrusion 204 is slidably inserted into the slot 302, so that the spring piece 2 can rotate synchronously with the mounting base 3 and slide relative to it along the axial direction. A second spring 14 is also inserted into the slot 302. The second spring 14 is connected between the connecting rod 301 and the plug rod 203. Under the action of the second spring 14, the mounting base 3 can slide elastically relative to the spring piece 2 along the axial direction. A mounting groove 306 is provided in the mounting base 3. The mounting groove 306 is located below the second mounting hole on the left side and extends downward through the mounting groove 306. A base rod 6 is inserted into the mounting groove 306. A pressure sleeve 7 is rotatably sleeved on the base rod 6. Multiple first guide protrusions 701 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the top outer peripheral wall of the pressure sleeve 7. The bottom surface of the first guide protrusions 701 is inclined. An elastic element is also inserted into the mounting groove 306. The elastic element can be set as a first compression spring 11. The first compression spring 11 is sleeved on the base rod 6 and connected between the base rod 6 and the pressure sleeve 7. Under the action of the first compression spring 11, the pressure sleeve 7 has a downward tendency.

[0058] A sliding frame 8 is fitted onto the mounting base 3. The sliding frame 8 has a U-shaped frame structure with its opening facing downwards. The sliding frame 8 can slide in a direction parallel to the insulating rod 102 and can form a stop engagement with the cable 15. A guide sleeve 9 is fixedly installed on the sliding frame 8. The guide sleeve 9 is inserted into the mounting groove 306 during installation and is simultaneously fitted onto the pressure sleeve 7. Multiple second guide protrusions 901 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the top of the guide sleeve 9. The second guide protrusions 901 have a triangular structure with their tips facing upwards. The number of second guide protrusions 901 is twice that of the first guide protrusions 701. The triangular sidewalls of the second guide protrusions 901 contact the bottom surface of the first guide protrusions 701 and form a stop engagement. Multiple sliding protrusions 902 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer peripheral wall of the top of the guide sleeve 9. The sliding protrusions 902 are correspondingly arranged with the second guide protrusions 901.

[0059] A retaining sleeve 10 is coaxially and fixedly inserted into the mounting groove 306. Multiple first sliding grooves 1001 are formed through the circumferential sidewall of the retaining sleeve 10. These first sliding grooves 1001 are evenly arranged circumferentially, and their number is equal to the number of first guide protrusions 701. Each first sliding groove 1001 is a strip-shaped structure and parallel to the axis of the retaining sleeve 10. The first sliding grooves 1001 also extend upwards through the top of the retaining sleeve 10. Multiple third guide protrusions 1002 are fixedly disposed at the top of the retaining sleeve 10. These third guide protrusions 1002 are evenly arranged circumferentially and staggered with the first sliding grooves 1001. The top of each third guide protrusion 1002 is an inclined surface, and its inclination direction is the same as that of the first guide protrusions 701. The bottom slope of 01 has the same inclination direction. Multiple fourth guide protrusions 1003 are fixedly installed on the top of the retaining sleeve 10. These fourth guide protrusions 1003 are evenly arranged circumferentially and staggered with the first sliding groove 1001 circumferentially. The fourth guide protrusions 1003 and the third guide protrusion 1002 are arranged close together. The top of the fourth guide protrusion 1003 is a slope, and its inclination direction is the same as that of the bottom slope of the first guide protrusion 701. Initially, the sliding protrusion 902 is slidably inserted into the first sliding groove 1001, and the first guide protrusion 701 is inserted between the third guide protrusion 1002 and the fourth guide protrusion 1003, simultaneously forming a stop engagement with both the third and fourth guide protrusions 1002. The first guide protrusion 701 can be slidably inserted into the first sliding groove 1001 and can also form a stop engagement with the sliding protrusion 902.

[0060] During disassembly, the operator first holds the insulating rod 102 and then pulls the insulating rod 102 downward. At this time, since the cable 15 and the spring piece 2 are an integral structure, the spring piece 2 remains stationary, and the insulating rod 102 synchronously drives the hook 101, the mounting base 3 and the sliding frame 8 to move downward, while compressing the second spring 14. When the sliding bracket 8 contacts the cable 15, the sliding bracket 8 remains stationary under the support of the cable 15. As the hook 101 and the mounting base 3 continue to move downward, the guide sleeve 9 moves upward relative to the mounting base 3 and inserts into the mounting groove 306. The second guide protrusion 901 drives the pressure sleeve 7 to move upward through the stop engagement with the first guide protrusion 701. At the same time, the sliding protrusion 902 slides upward along the first sliding groove 1001, and the first compression spring 11 is compressed. When the first guide protrusion 701 moves to the point where it just disengages from the fourth guide protrusion 1003, the triangular sidewall of one side of the second guide protrusion 901 and the top inclined surface of the fourth guide protrusion 1003 approximately coincide. At this time, the bottom inclined surface of the first guide protrusion 701 and the triangular sidewall of one side of the second guide protrusion 901 and the top inclined surface of the fourth guide protrusion 1003 are simultaneously... The top slope of the four guide protrusions 1003 forms a guiding fit; then, under the push of the first compression spring 11, the pressure sleeve 7 rotates, and then rotates until the first guide protrusion 701 inserts into the first sliding groove 1001, and then slides down along the first sliding groove 1001 to form a stop fit with the sliding protrusion 902. At this time, under the action of the first compression spring 11, the sliding frame 8 has the tendency to drive the cable 15 to move downward, so that the cable 15 has the tendency to separate from the spring piece 2; then, the insulating rod 102 is pulled upward. At this time, with the joint assistance of the first compression spring 11 and the second spring 14, the spring piece 2 is helped to switch from the ring state to the strip state, reducing the force required to separate the spring piece 2 and the cable 15, reducing the labor intensity of the operator and improving the ease of operation.

[0061] In a further embodiment, when the vibration amplitude of the cable 15 is greater, the angle of rotation of the hook 101 relative to the mounting base 3 is greater, resulting in a greater inward movement distance of the spring telescopic rod 4. Consequently, the clamping force of the spring piece 2 on the cable 15 is greater. To ensure that the external force required to separate the spring piece 2 and the cable 15 is smaller, the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations also includes a control component 12. The control component 12 is configured to adjust the deformation degree of the elastic element proportionally to the clamping force of the spring piece 2 on the cable 15. Thus, when the clamping force of the spring piece 2 on the cable 15 is greater, the elastic potential energy accumulated by the elastic element is greater. During subsequent disassembly, this ensures that the external force required to separate the spring piece 2 and the cable 15 is smaller, reducing the labor intensity of operators and improving the ease of operation.

[0062] Specifically, the base rod 6 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 3; the adjustment assembly 12 includes a second ratchet ring 1201 and a retaining ring 1202. The second ratchet ring 1201 is inserted into the mounting groove 306 and can rotate around its own axis. Multiple third ratchet teeth are provided on the inner peripheral wall of the second ratchet ring 1201, and multiple fourth ratchet teeth are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the base rod 6. The fourth ratchet teeth and the third ratchet teeth form a snap-fit ​​engagement, thereby enabling the second ratchet ring 1201 and the base rod 6 to form a unidirectional rotational engagement. The outer peripheral wall of the second ratchet ring 1201 simultaneously rubs against the inner side wall of the hook 101; the retaining ring 1202 is spirally sleeved on the base rod 6, and a slide bar is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the mounting groove 306. The slide bar and the axis of the mounting groove 306 are parallel. A second sliding groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the retaining ring 1202. When the second sliding groove is slidably sleeved on the slide bar during installation, the retaining ring 1202 can slide axially relative to the mounting groove 306; the first compression spring 11 is connected between the retaining ring 1202 and the compression sleeve 7.

[0063] When the hook 101 rotates relative to the mounting base 3 around the connecting rod 301, the hook 101 drives the second ratchet ring 1201 to rotate through the frictional engagement between the hook 101 and the second ratchet ring 1201. The second ratchet ring 1201 synchronously drives the base rod 6 to rotate through the snap-fit ​​engagement between the third and fourth ratchet teeth. The base rod 6 drives the retaining ring 1202 to move downward through the helical engagement with the retaining ring 1202 and the limiting engagement between the slide bar and the second slide groove, synchronously compressing the first compression spring 11, ensuring that the elastic potential energy accumulated by the first compression spring 11 is greater. During subsequent disassembly, the greater the elastic potential energy accumulated by the first compression spring 11, the more it can share the separation resistance between the spring 2 and the cable 15, thereby ensuring that the external force required to separate the spring 2 and the cable 15 is smaller, reducing the labor intensity of the operator and improving the ease of operation.

[0064] To reset the retaining ring 1202, the bottom end of the base rod 6 can be configured to pass through the sliding frame 8. After disassembly, the base rod 6 is manually rotated. The second ratchet ring 1201 remains stationary due to frictional engagement with the mounting base 3. The fourth and third ratchet teeth disengage, and the base rod 6, through a helical engagement with the retaining ring 1202 and under the limiting engagement between the slide bar and the second slide groove, drives the retaining ring 1202 upward, simultaneously releasing the first compression spring 11 to achieve reset and avoid affecting the next use.

[0065] In other embodiments, the slot 302 and the insert 203 can be configured to be square structures to replace the function of the connecting groove 303 and the insert protrusion 204, thereby ensuring that the spring piece 2 can rotate synchronously with the mounting base 3 and slide relative to each other along the axial direction under the constraint of the square geometry.

[0066] In other embodiments, to improve the contact stability between the telescopic end 402 and the spring piece 2 when the first spring 403 is compressed, two elastic seats 201 are fixedly provided on the top of the spring piece 2. The two elastic seats 201 are located at both ends of the spring piece 2 and can respectively form a stop engagement with the telescopic end 402. Thus, when the telescopic end 402 contacts the elastic seat 201 and applies pressure, the elastic seat 201 will undergo adaptive deformation with the pressure. This deformation can fill any microscopic gaps that may exist between the telescopic end 402 and the spring piece 2, expanding the contact interface between the two from point or line contact to a wider surface contact, thereby increasing the effective contact area. A larger contact area can make the pressure distribution more uniform, avoiding deformation or wear of the contact point caused by local stress concentration. At the same time, the elastic restoring force of the first spring 403 can continuously form a stable reaction force on the telescopic end 402. Even under dynamic conditions such as vibration, it can absorb some impact energy through its own deformation, reduce the relative displacement between the telescopic end 402 and the spring piece 2, and maintain the consistency of the contact state.

[0067] It is understandable that the elastic seat 201 can be made of rubber material, so as to ensure that the elastic seat 201 is both elastic and has a large coefficient of friction, thereby improving the stability when the telescopic end 402 and the elastic seat 201 are in contact.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0069] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations, characterized in that, The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations includes a grounding rod body, the grounding rod body has a hook, a spring piece is provided inside the hook, the spring piece and the hook are electrically connected, the spring piece has a strip state and a ring state, and when it is in the ring state, it is sleeved on the cable and electrically connected to the cable. The grounding rod body also has an insulating rod, which is fixedly connected to the hook; a mounting base is provided on the inner side of the hook, and the mounting base has an inverted U-shaped structure; the spring piece is disposed on the mounting base and rotates synchronously with the mounting base; the grounding rod body can rotate relative to the mounting base around a first axis, which is parallel to the insulating rod; spring telescopic rods are provided on two opposing inner sidewalls of the mounting base, the spring telescopic rods and the spring piece are in the same plane and can slide along their own extension direction, and the telescopic ends of the two spring telescopic rods can respectively form a stop engagement with the two ends of the spring piece; the adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operation also includes an adjustment mechanism, which is configured to unidirectionally and proportionally adjust the clamping force of the spring piece on the cable according to the vibration amplitude of the grounding rod body; The adjustment mechanism includes a one-way component and two cams. The spring telescopic rod is connected to the mounting base through the one-way component, and under the action of the one-way component, the spring telescopic rod can only move towards the spring piece. The two cams are respectively disposed on the mounting base and can rotate around their own large-end axis. The small end of the cam can form a stop engagement with the stationary end of the spring telescopic rod. Each cam is fitted with a first ratchet ring, which can rotate around its own axis and forms both a one-way rotational engagement with the cam and a frictional rotational engagement with the hook. The unidirectional component includes a ratchet rack and a ratchet bar. Each spring telescopic bar has a ratchet rack fixedly installed on its stationary end. The ratchet rack and the spring telescopic bar are parallel to each other. Two ratchet bars are inserted into the mounting base. The ratchet bars can slide elastically in a direction perpendicular to the ratchet rack and can form a snap-fit ​​engagement with the ratchet rack.

2. The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base is capable of elastically sliding relative to the spring piece in a direction parallel to the insulating rod; a base rod is provided inside the mounting base; a pressure sleeve is sleeved on the base rod, and the pressure sleeve is capable of rotating around its own axis; a sliding frame is provided on the mounting base, and the sliding frame is capable of sliding in a direction parallel to the insulating rod and can form a stop engagement with the cable; a guide sleeve is fixedly provided on the sliding frame, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the pressure sleeve, and can form both a stop engagement with the pressure sleeve and a guide engagement with the pressure sleeve; a retaining sleeve is also fixedly provided inside the mounting base, and the retaining sleeve is sleeved on the guide sleeve, and can form both a stop engagement with the pressure sleeve, a guide engagement with the pressure sleeve, and a guide engagement with the guide sleeve; an elastic element connects the pressure sleeve and the base rod, and under the action of the elastic element, the pressure sleeve tends to move closer to the guide sleeve.

3. The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations also includes a control component, which is configured to adjust the degree of deformation of the elastic element proportionally to the clamping force of the spring on the cable.

4. The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control assembly includes a second ratchet ring and a retaining ring. The second ratchet ring is disposed within the mounting base and is rotatable about its own axis, forming a frictional rotational engagement with the hook. The second ratchet ring is also sleeved on the base rod and forms a unidirectional rotational engagement with the base rod. The base rod is rotatable about its own axis. The retaining ring is helically sleeved on the base rod and forms a guiding engagement with the mounting base. The elastic element is connected between the retaining ring and the pressure sleeve.

5. The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic element is a first compression spring.

6. The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring sheet is provided with two elastic seats, which can form a stop engagement with the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod.

7. The adjustable grounding device for high and low voltage line operations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elastic seat is made of rubber material.

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