Sugarcane and watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence collaboration and facility sharing

Abstract

The invention discloses a sugarcane and watermelon relay intercropping method based on time sequence collaboration and facility sharing, and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, the sugarcane and watermelon relay intercropping method comprises the following steps: S1, forming row ditches in a planting field, and laying a drip tape in each row ditch; s2, watermelon planting pits are formed in the row ditches, a drought-resistant water-retaining agent is applied, and watermelons are sown; s3, sugarcane bud digging and seedling raising are conducted in the window period before the watermelon vines are tidily spread; digging full lateral buds of sugarcane seed stems, and carrying out plug seedling raising; s4, after the watermelon vines cover the earth surface, sugarcane bud digging seedlings are transplanted, the plant spacing of watermelons and sugarcanes is 0.6-0.75 m, plant root systems are aligned to the drip tape positions, and a drip tape system is used for irrigation; and S5, harvesting. Through the relay intercropping method from watermelon covering to sugarcane bud digging and complementary planting to drip tape facility sharing, growth cycle time sequence coordination of crops is achieved, efficient utilization of land resources and water resources is achieved, seedling uniformity is improved, production cost is reduced, and meanwhile the yield and quality of watermelons and sugarcanes are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and in particular to a sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing. Background Art

[0002] Sugarcane, a member of the genus Saccharum, is a tall, solid perennial herb with a robust rhizome and culms 3 to 6 meters tall. It is a temperate and tropical crop used as a raw material for producing sucrose and can be used to extract ethanol as an energy alternative. Sugarcane is rich in sugar and water, as well as various vitamins, fats, proteins, organic acids, calcium, and iron, which are beneficial to human metabolism. Sugarcane is primarily used for sugar production and is one of China's major sugar crops, producing over 90% of the country's total sugar output. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is my country's primary sugarcane producing region, with a total sugarcane planting area of ​​14 million mu (approximately 1.5 million hectares). Intercropping other crops in sugarcane fields improves land utilization and the crop multiple cropping index, increasing income and yield, and achieving positive economic benefits. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate zone. The summer is long, the temperature is high, and there is heavy precipitation. The winter is short and warm. The annual average temperature is 21℃. The light, temperature, water and soil conditions are all very conducive to watermelon production. Due to the hot climate, watermelon has a large market in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

[0003] However, there are currently the following limitations in intercropping watermelons in sugarcane fields: low land resource utilization, long periods of bare land in the early stages of sugarcane planting, short idle periods of land after watermelon planting alone, and insufficient multiple cropping index; difficulty in controlling the uniformity of seedlings, as traditional sugarcane seedling cultivation is affected by differences in seed stem bud activity and uneven soil moisture conditions, making uneven seedling emergence a common problem; repeated investment in irrigation facilities requires independent drip irrigation systems for different crops, increasing production costs and inefficient water resource utilization.

[0004] Patent No. CN108718941A discloses a method for intercropping sugarcane with high-sweetness watermelon, comprising the following steps: (1) seed selection; (2) breeding: watermelon is grown by grafting; (3) soil preparation; (4) planting: sugarcane is disinfected with prochloraz before planting, one row of watermelon is planted for every two rows of sugarcane, appropriate amount of farmyard manure is applied, and film is covered; (5) management: including pulling out vines, removing film, fertilizing, leaving watermelons, and killing insects; (6) picking watermelons, cultivating and fertilizing; (7) harvesting sugarcane. The present invention intercrops sugarcane with watermelon, which can reduce the loss and waste of water and fertilizer, improve land utilization, increase crop yield per unit area of ​​land, and increase farmers' income; watermelon grafting breeding can improve the survival rate and environmental adaptability of watermelon seedlings, prevent watermelon seedlings from withering and dying due to poor root systems, ensure high survival rate and high yield of watermelon, improve watermelon quality, increase the sweetness of watermelon and the sugar content of sugarcane, and have good economic benefits. However, this invention requires soaking and disinfecting sugarcane seeds before planting, watermelon grafting and breeding consumes too much manpower, and no attention is paid to the optimization of irrigation measures.

[0005] Patent No. CN104054482A discloses a method for intercropping watermelon in sugarcane fields in early spring. Specifically, the method involves planting sugarcane and watermelon seedlings simultaneously in early spring, applying solid water prepared from a drought-resistant water-retaining agent during planting. This single fertilizer application benefits both crops, significantly increasing yields. However, the invention uses a traditional drought-resistant water-retaining agent, which has a strong gelling capacity and limited water retention. Furthermore, the intercropping process fails to consider the timing of the growing seasons.

[0006] However, the research on crop intercropping in the above technologies mostly focuses on vertical spatial configuration and how to make crop products grow better and of better quality. There is no intercropping method based on the timing coordination of crop growth cycles and sharing of drip irrigation facilities, and no innovative planting model to break through technical bottlenecks. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time-series coordination and facility sharing. By first covering the watermelon, then removing buds and replanting the sugarcane, and finally sharing drip tape facilities, this intercropping method achieves time-series coordination of the crop growth cycles, achieving efficient utilization of land and water resources, improving seedling uniformity, and reducing production costs, while ensuring the yield and quality of both watermelon and sugarcane. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0008] A sugarcane and watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate the land and dig trenches at a spacing of 1.2-1.5m between rows in the planting area. The width of the trenches should be 25-75cm and the depth should be 30-40cm. Drip tapes should be laid in the trenches, with one drip tape in each trench.

[0010] S2. Planting watermelons: In early spring, from February to March, dig watermelon planting pits in the furrows, apply drought-resistant water-retaining agent to the watermelon planting pits, and then irrigate with water 100-300 times the mass of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent to form a water-retaining gel layer to ensure a long-term water supply around the roots of the watermelon seedlings. Then, plant the watermelons in the watermelon planting pits, and ensure that the watermelon vines spread neatly to the area covered by the drip tape 30-40 days after emergence.

[0011] S3. Sugarcane bud seedling cultivation: Sugarcane bud seedling cultivation is carried out by manually removing buds during the 30-40 day window before watermelon vines spread out, avoiding the conflict of crop competition in traditional intercropping. Disease-free sugarcane stems are selected, and plump side buds with a length of 1.5-2 cm are manually removed. The seedlings are grown in 50-hole plug trays containing a seedling medium. During the seedling cultivation period, the humidity of the seedling medium is maintained at 65-75%. The seedlings are cultivated for 25-30 days until they reach the 3-4 leaf stage, thereby obtaining sugarcane bud seedlings.

[0012] S4. Transplanting sugarcane: When the watermelon vines cover the ground (about 80% of the ridge surface), dig shallow holes 5-8 cm deep between the watermelon plants in the furrows. Transplant the sugarcane seedlings in the shallow holes, with the spacing between the watermelon and sugarcane plants 0.6-0.75 m, and align the plant roots with the drip tape.

[0013] S5. Water management: Use the drip tape in step S1 for irrigation. After transplanting sugarcane, irrigate once every 7-10 days with an irrigation volume of 40-50m 3 / ha·times, 40-50 days before watermelon harvest, 20-30m3 of water per irrigation 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 7-10 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 15-20 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 40-50m 3 / hectare·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 15-20 days, with an irrigation volume of 60-70m 3 / hectare·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 20-30 days, with an irrigation volume of 30-40m 3 / hectare·times;

[0014] S6. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June and July. The vines are removed promptly after harvesting, and the drip tape is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth stage of sugarcane, the tall stalks provide shade and moisture conservation for the ground. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures from December to January of the following year.

[0015] Furthermore, the seedling culture medium is composed of decomposed bagasse and perlite in a mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:0.5-1.5.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation method of the decomposed bagasse comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the bagasse and animal feces at a mass ratio of 6-10:1, piling the mixed materials into a pile with a height of 1.5-2m, and fermenting at room temperature for 10-20 days.

[0017] Furthermore, the seedling culture medium also includes 4-6 parts by mass of peat soil, 1-2 parts by mass of vermiculite, and 2-3 parts by mass of black fungus chaff.

[0018] Furthermore, the drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight:

[0019] 10-20 parts of modified chitosan, 3-10 parts of fish glue, 10-20 parts of starch, 3-5 parts of mung bean protein, 2-3 parts of potassium persulfate, 1-2 parts of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, and 15-20 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0020] The preparation method of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0021] S10, adding the modified chitosan to water, stirring and dispersing for 60-120 minutes to obtain a modified chitosan dispersion;

[0022] S20, dissolving 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and carboxymethyl cellulose in water to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose solution;

[0023] S30. Dispersing starch and mung bean protein in water, heating in a water bath at a temperature of 85-95° C., stirring for 5-10 hours, and cooling to obtain mung bean protein starch colloid; the mung bean protein is prepared by the following steps: grinding mung beans into powder and dispersing the powder in 6-10 times the mass of distilled water, adjusting the pH to 7.0-8.0, centrifuging at 1000-1500 r / min to obtain the supernatant, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain mung bean protein; enhancing hydrophilicity.

[0024] S40, adding the modified chitosan dispersion to the carboxymethyl cellulose solution, heating at 50-70° C. with stirring for 30-60 min; adding fish glue and mung bean protein starch glue, and stirring evenly; finally adding potassium persulfate solution, stirring at 65-80° C. for 1-3 h, evaporating water, drying to constant weight, cooling, and granulating to obtain the drought-resistant water-retaining agent.

[0025] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified chitosan comprises the following steps:

[0026] Dissolve chitosan in a 10-20% alkaline solution at a concentration of 10-20% at a mass of 10-20 times, add ethylenediamine, react at 55-65°C for 1-3 hours, then add sodium citrate solution, continue stirring at 40-50°C for 2-5 hours, filter, take the precipitate, wash it alternately with ethanol and deionized water, and dry it to obtain modified chitosan.

[0027] Furthermore, the chitosan has a weight average molecular weight of 100,000-200,000 and a deacetylation degree of 85-95%.

[0028] Furthermore, the watermelon is an early-maturing short-vine watermelon, and the watermelon variety is selected from one of Zaojia 8424, Tianwang No. 3, Xiaohongling and Guixigua No. 3.

[0029] Furthermore, the application amount of the drought-resistant and water-retaining agent is 1.5 kg / mu.

[0030] Furthermore, the preparation method of the black fungus chaff is as follows: crush the black fungus chaff, adjust the moisture content of the chaff to 30-40%, add it into biogas slurry with a mass percentage of 2-5% of the chaff mass, pile it up and ferment it for 3-7 days, and turn the pile once a day to obtain the black fungus chaff.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention provides a sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time coordination and facility sharing. By first covering the watermelon, then digging out the buds and replanting the sugarcane, and then sharing the drip tape facilities, the intercropping method realizes the time coordination of the crop growth cycle, realizes the efficient use of land resources and water resources, improves the uniformity of seedlings and reduces production costs, and at the same time ensures the yield and quality of watermelon and sugarcane.

[0033] 2. The present invention shares a drip tape with watermelons and sugarcane, eliminating the need for laying a separate drip tape for sugarcane and reducing the investment cost of drip irrigation facilities by 200-300 yuan per mu. The present invention plants watermelons first and transplants sugarcane 30 days or more later, so that the watermelon vines are covered in the early stage to inhibit weed growth, reduce the incidence of weeds in the sugarcane field, and reduce the use of herbicides. At the same time, sugarcane buds can be removed and seedlings can be raised during the early vine covering period. After the watermelons are harvested, the drip irrigation system is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth period of sugarcane (September to November), the tall stalks provide shade on the ground, reducing soil moisture evaporation by 15-20%, conserving soil moisture, and laying a good soil foundation for watermelon planting the following year. The present invention cleverly utilizes the time coordination of watermelons and sugarcane and the sharing of drip irrigation facilities to improve land utilization and increase the output value per unit area by 20-25%.

[0034] 3. Traditional sugarcane seedling cultivation relies on whole stems. This method separates individual buds for seedling cultivation, eliminating differences in growth potential at different bud points on the stem and significantly improving the uniformity of seedling height (coefficient of variation <5%) compared to traditional methods. This method uses a seedling cultivation medium composed of decomposed bagasse and perlite in a specific ratio. The decomposed bagasse is rich in organic matter and nutrients, providing sufficient nutrition for the sugarcane seedlings. The perlite has good air permeability and water retention, which can improve the physical properties of the medium, promote root growth, and enhance seedling quality. The addition of peat soil, vermiculite and black fungus chaff further optimizes the nutritional components and properties of the substrate. Peat soil and vermiculite have good water retention and air permeability, vermiculite can adjust the pH value of the substrate, and black fungus chaff is rich in crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and other nutrients, as well as some mineral components and enzymes, so that the buds after fermentation do not need to be soaked and germinated before planting, thereby improving the germination rate and stress resistance, and providing a more suitable growth environment for sugarcane seedlings, thereby helping to improve the uniformity of seedling growth.

[0035] 4. Watermelons are relatively drought-tolerant, but excessive drought can also affect yields. During the vine extension phase, watermelons grow rapidly, increasing leaf area and transpiration. Drought can easily dehydrate the plants, preventing them from absorbing sufficient water. This can lead to delayed or premature vine extension, delaying the growth cycle, and in severe cases, even premature seedling death. During the expansion phase, watermelons require significant amounts of water and nutrients. Excessive drought can hinder root absorption, hindering growth and resulting in low yields. The most common agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent on the market is polyacrylamide (PAA), which has a water absorption rate of 200-300 times. However, this capacity decreases over time, resulting in limited water retention. This capacity decreases during the middle and late stages of plant growth, impacting watermelon growth and development. Furthermore, traditional PAA has a strong gelling capacity, which can alter the soil's physical structure during early growth, making it overly compacted. The resulting water absorption and expansion compresses soil particles, impairing soil aeration and ultimately suffocating the watermelon seedlings' roots.

[0036] The present invention improves the defects of traditional drought-resistant water-retaining agents. The prepared water-retaining agent has significantly enhanced water-retaining capacity, can absorb a large amount of water and slowly release it, and maintains water supply in the middle and late stages of watermelon growth. 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and carboxymethyl cellulose enhance the hydrophilicity and stability of the water-retaining agent, and improve its durability in soil. Various functional groups on the modified chitosan molecular chain can interact with small molecules in the solution through hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and ionic bonds, promoting the free movement of various components in the system to a certain extent, preventing the water-retaining agent from becoming too compacted after absorbing water, and slowing down the squeezing of soil particles. In addition, the introduction of mung bean protein starch glue further enhances the hydrophilicity, and also makes the material have good biocompatibility. The modified chitosan forms a stable fiber network structure with the carboxymethyl cellulose, further improving the water absorption performance, and at the same time having good degradability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the intercropping arrangement of the present invention; wherein watermelon and sugarcane are planted alternately in the rows and the arrows point to the drip tape. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0040] The watermelon variety used in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples is Zaojia 8424, and the sugarcane variety is Guitang 44.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] The drought-resistant water-retaining agent used in this embodiment was purchased from Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0043] The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method of this embodiment based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate the land and dig trenches at a spacing of 1.35m between rows in the planting area. The width of the trenches should be 55cm and the depth should be 35cm. Drip tapes should be laid in the trenches, with one drip tape laid in each trench.

[0045] S2. Sowing watermelons: In early spring in February, watermelon planting pits were opened in the furrows. Drought-resistant water-retaining agent was applied to the watermelon planting pits. Water was then irrigated with 200 times the mass of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent to form a water-retaining gel layer to ensure a long-term water supply around the roots of the watermelon seedlings. The application rate of drought-resistant water-retaining agent was 1.5 kg / mu. Watermelons were then sown in the watermelon planting pits. 30-40 days after emergence, the watermelon vines were ensured to spread neatly to the area covered by the drip tape.

[0046] S3. Sugarcane bud seedling cultivation: Utilize the 30-40 day window period before watermelon vines spread out for sugarcane bud seedling cultivation to avoid the contradiction of crop competition in traditional intercropping; select disease-free sugarcane stems, manually remove plump side buds with a length of 1.7 cm, and use 50-hole plug trays containing seedling medium for seedling cultivation. During the seedling cultivation period, the humidity of the seedling medium is controlled at 70%. Cultivate for 28 days until the seedlings reach the 3-leaf stage to obtain sugarcane bud seedlings.

[0047] The seedling medium is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts decomposed bagasse and 1 part perlite. The decomposed bagasse preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the bagasse with animal manure at a mass ratio of 8:1, piling the mixed materials into a pile 1.7 m high, and fermenting at room temperature for 15 days.

[0048] S4. Transplanting sugarcane: When the watermelon vines cover the ground surface (about 80% of the ridge surface), dig shallow holes between the watermelon plants in the furrows. The hole depth is 6.5 cm. Transplant the sugarcane seedlings in the shallow holes. The distance between the watermelon and sugarcane plants is 0.7 m, and the plant roots are aligned with the drip tape position.

[0049] S5. Water management: Use the drip tape of step S1 for irrigation. After transplanting sugarcane, irrigate once every 9 days with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times, 45 days before watermelon harvest, each irrigation volume is 25m 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 8 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 17 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 17 days, with an irrigation volume of 65m 3 / ha·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 25 days, with an irrigation volume of 35m 3 / hectare·times.

[0050] S6. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June. The vines are removed promptly after harvesting, and the drip tape is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth stage of sugarcane, the tall stalks provide shade and moisture conservation for the ground. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures in December.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The drought-resistant water-retaining agent used in this embodiment was purchased from Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0053] The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method of this embodiment based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate the land and dig trenches at a spacing of 1.35m between rows in the planting area. The width of the trenches should be 55cm and the depth should be 35cm. Drip tapes should be laid in the trenches, with one drip tape laid in each trench.

[0055] S2. Sowing watermelons: In early spring in February, watermelon planting pits were opened in the furrows. Drought-resistant water-retaining agent was applied to the watermelon planting pits. Water was then irrigated with 200 times the mass of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent to form a water-retaining gel layer to ensure a long-term water supply around the roots of the watermelon seedlings. The application rate of drought-resistant water-retaining agent was 1.5 kg / mu. Watermelons were then sown in the watermelon planting pits. 30-40 days after emergence, the watermelon vines were ensured to spread neatly to the area covered by the drip tape.

[0056] S3. Sugarcane bud seedling cultivation: Utilize the 30-40 day window period before watermelon vines spread out for sugarcane bud seedling cultivation to avoid the contradiction of crop competition in traditional intercropping; select disease-free sugarcane stems, manually remove plump side buds with a length of 1.7 cm, and use 50-hole plug trays containing seedling medium for seedling cultivation. During the seedling cultivation period, the humidity of the seedling medium is controlled at 70%. Cultivate for 28 days until the seedlings reach the 3-leaf stage to obtain sugarcane bud seedlings.

[0057] The seedling medium is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts peat soil, 2 parts vermiculite, 3 parts decomposed bagasse, and 1 part perlite. The decomposed bagasse preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the bagasse with animal manure at a mass ratio of 8:1, piling the mixed materials into a pile 1.7 m high, and fermenting them at room temperature for 15 days.

[0058] S4. Transplanting sugarcane: When the watermelon vines cover the ground surface (about 80% of the ridge surface), dig shallow holes between the watermelon plants in the furrows. The hole depth is 6.5 cm. Transplant the sugarcane seedlings in the shallow holes. The distance between the watermelon and sugarcane plants is 0.7 m, and the plant roots are aligned with the drip tape position.

[0059] S5. Water management: Use the drip tape of step S1 for irrigation. After transplanting sugarcane, irrigate once every 9 days with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times, 45 days before watermelon harvest, each irrigation volume is 25m 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 8 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 17 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 17 days, with an irrigation volume of 65m 3 / ha·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 25 days, with an irrigation volume of 35m 3 / hectare·times.

[0060] S6. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June. The vines are removed promptly after harvesting, and the drip tape is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth stage of sugarcane, the tall stalks provide shade and moisture conservation for the ground. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures in December.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] The drought-resistant water-retaining agent used in this embodiment was purchased from Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0063] The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method of this embodiment based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate the land and dig trenches at a spacing of 1.35m between rows in the planting area. The width of the trenches should be 55cm and the depth should be 35cm. Drip tapes should be laid in the trenches, with one drip tape laid in each trench.

[0065] S2. Sowing watermelons: In early spring in February, watermelon planting pits were opened in the furrows. Drought-resistant water-retaining agent was applied to the watermelon planting pits. Water was then irrigated with 200 times the mass of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent to form a water-retaining gel layer to ensure a long-term water supply around the roots of the watermelon seedlings. The application rate of drought-resistant water-retaining agent was 1.5 kg / mu. Watermelons were then sown in the watermelon planting pits. 30-40 days after emergence, the watermelon vines were ensured to spread neatly to the area covered by the drip tape.

[0066] S3. Sugarcane bud seedling cultivation: Utilize the 30-40 day window period before watermelon vines spread out for sugarcane bud seedling cultivation to avoid the contradiction of crop competition in traditional intercropping; select disease-free sugarcane stems, manually remove plump side buds with a length of 1.7 cm, and use 50-hole plug trays containing seedling medium for seedling cultivation. During the seedling cultivation period, the humidity of the seedling medium is controlled at 70%. Cultivate for 28 days until the seedlings reach the 3-leaf stage to obtain sugarcane bud seedlings.

[0067] The seedling culture medium is prepared by mixing the following components by weight: 5 parts peat soil, 2 parts vermiculite, 3 parts decomposed bagasse, 1 part perlite, and 2 parts black fungus residue. The method for preparing the decomposed bagasse comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the bagasse with animal feces at a mass ratio of 8:1, piling the mixed materials into a pile 1.7 m high, and fermenting them at room temperature for 15 days. The method for preparing the fungus residue comprises the following steps: crushing the black fungus residue, adjusting the moisture content to 35%, adding it to biogas slurry containing 4% of the residue by mass, and fermenting it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day to obtain the black fungus residue.

[0068] S4. Transplanting sugarcane: When the watermelon vines cover the ground surface (about 80% of the ridge surface), dig shallow holes between the watermelon plants in the furrows. The hole depth is 6.5 cm. Transplant the sugarcane seedlings in the shallow holes. The distance between the watermelon and sugarcane plants is 0.7 m, and the plant roots are aligned with the drip tape position.

[0069] S5. Water management: Use the drip tape of step S1 for irrigation. After transplanting sugarcane, irrigate once every 9 days with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times, 45 days before watermelon harvest, each irrigation volume is 25m 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 8 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 17 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 17 days, with an irrigation volume of 65m 3 / ha·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 25 days, with an irrigation volume of 35m 3 / hectare·times.

[0070] S6. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June. The vines are removed promptly after harvesting, and the drip tape is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth stage of sugarcane, the tall stalks provide shade and moisture conservation for the ground. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures in December.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method of this embodiment based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate the land and dig trenches at a spacing of 1.35m between rows in the planting area. The width of the trenches should be 55cm and the depth should be 35cm. Drip tapes should be laid in the trenches, with one drip tape laid in each trench.

[0074] S2. Sowing watermelons: In early spring in February, watermelon planting pits were opened in the furrows. Drought-resistant water-retaining agent was applied to the watermelon planting pits. Water was then irrigated with 200 times the mass of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent to form a water-retaining gel layer to ensure a long-term water supply around the roots of the watermelon seedlings. The application rate of drought-resistant water-retaining agent was 1.5 kg / mu. Watermelons were then sown in the watermelon planting pits. 30-40 days after emergence, the watermelon vines were ensured to spread neatly to the area covered by the drip tape.

[0075] The drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight:

[0076] 15 parts of chitosan, 8 parts of fish glue, 15 parts of starch, 4 parts of mung bean protein, 2 parts of potassium persulfate, 1 part of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, and 17 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0077] The preparation method of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0078] (1) preparing mung bean protein starch glue, grinding mung beans into powder and dispersing it in 8 times the mass of distilled water, adjusting the pH to 7.5, centrifuging at 1200 r / min to obtain the supernatant, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain mung bean protein; dispersing starch and mung bean protein in water 20 times the mass of starch, heating in a water bath at 90° C., stirring for 7 h, and cooling to obtain mung bean protein starch glue;

[0079] (2) adding chitosan to water with a mass of 100 times that of the modified chitosan, stirring and dispersing for 90 min to obtain a chitosan dispersion;

[0080] (3) dissolving 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and carboxymethyl cellulose in water 20 times the mass of cellulose to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose solution;

[0081] (4) Add the chitosan dispersion to the carboxymethyl cellulose solution, heat and stir at 60°C for 45 minutes; add fish glue and mung bean protein starch glue, and stir evenly; finally add potassium persulfate solution with a concentration of 20%, stir at 72°C for 2 hours, evaporate the water, dry to constant weight, cool, and granulate to obtain the drought-resistant water-retaining agent.

[0082] S3. Sugarcane bud seedling cultivation: Utilize the 30-40 day window period before watermelon vines spread out for sugarcane bud seedling cultivation to avoid the contradiction of crop competition in traditional intercropping; select disease-free sugarcane stems, manually remove plump side buds with a length of 1.7 cm, and use 50-hole plug trays containing seedling medium for seedling cultivation. During the seedling cultivation period, the humidity of the seedling medium is controlled at 70%. Cultivate for 28 days until the seedlings reach the 3-leaf stage to obtain sugarcane bud seedlings.

[0083] The seedling culture medium is prepared by mixing the following components by weight: 5 parts peat soil, 2 parts vermiculite, 3 parts decomposed bagasse, 1 part perlite, and 2 parts black fungus residue. The method for preparing the decomposed bagasse comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the bagasse with animal feces at a mass ratio of 8:1, piling the mixed materials into a pile 1.7 m high, and fermenting them at room temperature for 15 days. The method for preparing the fungus residue comprises the following steps: crushing the black fungus residue, adjusting the moisture content to 35%, adding it to biogas slurry containing 4% of the residue by mass, and fermenting it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day to obtain the black fungus residue.

[0084] S4. Transplanting sugarcane: When the watermelon vines cover the ground surface (about 80% of the ridge surface), dig shallow holes between the watermelon plants in the furrows. The hole depth is 6.5 cm. Transplant the sugarcane seedlings in the shallow holes. The distance between the watermelon and sugarcane plants is 0.7 m, and the plant roots are aligned with the drip tape position.

[0085] S5. Water management: Use the drip tape of step S1 for irrigation. After transplanting sugarcane, irrigate once every 9 days with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times, 45 days before watermelon harvest, each irrigation volume is 25m 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 8 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 17 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 17 days, with an irrigation volume of 65m 3 / ha·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 25 days, with an irrigation volume of 35m 3 / hectare·times.

[0086] S6. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June. The vines are removed promptly after harvesting, and the drip tape is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth stage of sugarcane, the tall stalks provide shade and moisture conservation for the ground. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures in December.

[0087] Example 5

[0088] The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method of this embodiment based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing specifically includes the following steps:

[0089] S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate the land and dig trenches at a spacing of 1.35m between rows in the planting area. The width of the trenches should be 55cm and the depth should be 35cm. Drip tapes should be laid in the trenches, with one drip tape laid in each trench.

[0090] S2. Sowing watermelons: In early spring in February, watermelon planting pits were opened in the furrows. Drought-resistant water-retaining agent was applied to the watermelon planting pits. Water was then irrigated with 200 times the mass of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent to form a water-retaining gel layer to ensure a long-term water supply around the roots of the watermelon seedlings. The application rate of drought-resistant water-retaining agent was 1.5 kg / mu. Watermelons were then sown in the watermelon planting pits. 30-40 days after the seedlings emerged, the watermelon vines were ensured to spread neatly to the area covered by the drip tape.

[0091] The drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight:

[0092] 15 parts of modified chitosan, 8 parts of fish glue, 15 parts of starch, 4 parts of mung bean protein, 2 parts of potassium persulfate, 1 part of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, and 17 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0093] The preparation method of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0094] (1) Preparation of modified chitosan: chitosan with a weight average molecular weight of 150,000 and a degree of deacetylation of 90% was prepared, and the chitosan was dissolved in a 15% sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 15 times the mass of the chitosan. Ethylenediamine was added and the mixture was reacted at 60°C for 2 hours. Then, sodium citrate solution was added with a concentration of 35%. The mixture was stirred at 45°C for 4 hours, filtered, and the precipitate was washed alternately with ethanol and deionized water, and dried to obtain modified chitosan.

[0095] (2) preparing a starch dispersion by dispersing starch in water with a mass 20 times that of the starch to obtain a starch dispersion;

[0096] (3) adding the modified chitosan to water with a mass of 100 times that of the modified chitosan, stirring and dispersing for 90 minutes to obtain a modified chitosan dispersion;

[0097] (4) dissolving 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and carboxymethyl cellulose in water 20 times the mass of cellulose to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose solution;

[0098] (5) Add the modified chitosan dispersion to the carboxymethyl cellulose solution, heat and stir at 60°C for 45 minutes; add fish glue and mung bean protein starch glue, and stir evenly; finally add potassium persulfate solution with a concentration of 20%, stir at 72°C for 2 hours, evaporate the water, dry to constant weight, cool, and granulate to obtain the drought-resistant water-retaining agent.

[0099] S3. Sugarcane bud seedling cultivation: Utilize the 30-40 day window period before watermelon vines spread out for sugarcane bud seedling cultivation to avoid the contradiction of crop competition in traditional intercropping; select disease-free sugarcane stems, manually remove plump side buds with a length of 1.7 cm, and use 50-hole plug trays containing seedling medium for seedling cultivation. During the seedling cultivation period, the humidity of the seedling medium is controlled at 70%. Cultivate for 28 days until the seedlings reach the 3-leaf stage to obtain sugarcane bud seedlings.

[0100] The seedling culture medium is prepared by mixing the following components by weight: 3 parts of decomposed bagasse, 1 part of perlite, 5 parts of peat soil, 2 parts of vermiculite, and 3 parts of black fungus residue. The method for preparing the decomposed bagasse comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the bagasse with animal feces at a mass ratio of 8:1, piling the mixed materials into a pile 1.7 m high, and fermenting them at room temperature for 15 days. The method for preparing the fungus residue comprises the following steps: crushing the black fungus residue, adjusting the moisture content of the residue to 35%, adding it to biogas slurry containing 4% of the residue by mass, and fermenting it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day to obtain the black fungus residue.

[0101] S4. Transplanting sugarcane: When the watermelon vines cover the ground surface (about 80% of the ridge surface), dig shallow holes between the watermelon plants in the furrows. The hole depth is 6.5 cm. Transplant the sugarcane seedlings in the shallow holes. The distance between the watermelon and sugarcane plants is 0.7 m, and the plant roots are aligned with the drip tape position.

[0102] S5. Water management: Use the drip tape of step S1 for irrigation. After transplanting sugarcane, irrigate once every 9 days with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times, 45 days before watermelon harvest, each irrigation volume is 25m 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 8 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 17 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 17 days, with an irrigation volume of 65m 3 / ha·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 25 days, with an irrigation volume of 35m 3 / hectare·times.

[0103] S6. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June. The vines are removed promptly after harvesting, and the drip tape is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth stage of sugarcane, the tall stalks provide shade and moisture conservation for the ground. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures in December.

[0104] Example 6

[0105] The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method of this embodiment based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing specifically includes the following steps:

[0106] S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate the land and dig trenches at a spacing of 1.35m between rows in the planting area. The width of the trenches should be 55cm and the depth should be 35cm. Drip tapes should be laid in the trenches, with one drip tape laid in each trench.

[0107] S2. Sowing watermelons: In early spring in February, watermelon planting pits were opened in the furrows. Drought-resistant water-retaining agent was applied to the watermelon planting pits. Water was then irrigated with 200 times the mass of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent to form a water-retaining gel layer to ensure a long-term water supply around the roots of the watermelon seedlings. The application rate of drought-resistant water-retaining agent was 1.5 kg / mu. Watermelons were then sown in the watermelon planting pits. 30-40 days after emergence, the watermelon vines were ensured to spread neatly to the area covered by the drip tape.

[0108] The drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight:

[0109] 15 parts of modified chitosan, 8 parts of fish glue, 15 parts of starch, 4 parts of mung bean protein, 2 parts of potassium persulfate, 1 part of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, and 17 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0110] The preparation method of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0111] (1) Preparation of modified chitosan: chitosan with a weight average molecular weight of 150,000 and a degree of deacetylation of 90% was prepared, and the chitosan was dissolved in a 15% sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 15 times the mass of the chitosan. Ethylenediamine was added and the mixture was reacted at 60°C for 2 hours. Then, sodium citrate solution was added with a concentration of 35%. The mixture was stirred at 45°C for 4 hours, filtered, and the precipitate was washed alternately with ethanol and deionized water, and dried to obtain modified chitosan.

[0112] (2) preparing mung bean protein starch glue, grinding mung beans into powder and dispersing it in 8 times the mass of distilled water, adjusting the pH to 7.5, centrifuging at 1200 r / min to obtain the supernatant, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain mung bean protein; dispersing starch and mung bean protein in water 20 times the mass of starch, heating in a water bath at 90°C, stirring for 7 hours, and cooling to obtain mung bean protein starch glue;

[0113] (3) adding the modified chitosan to water with a mass of 100 times that of the modified chitosan, stirring and dispersing for 90 minutes to obtain a modified chitosan dispersion;

[0114] (4) dissolving 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and carboxymethyl cellulose in water 20 times the mass of cellulose to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose solution;

[0115] (5) Add the modified chitosan dispersion to the carboxymethyl cellulose solution, heat and stir at 60°C for 45 minutes; add fish glue and mung bean protein starch glue, and stir evenly; finally add potassium persulfate solution with a concentration of 20%, stir at 72°C for 2 hours, evaporate the water, dry to constant weight, cool, and granulate to obtain the drought-resistant water-retaining agent.

[0116] S3. Sugarcane bud seedling cultivation: Utilize the 30-40 day window period before watermelon vines spread out for sugarcane bud seedling cultivation to avoid the contradiction of crop competition in traditional intercropping; select disease-free sugarcane stems, manually remove plump side buds with a length of 1.7 cm, and use 50-hole plug trays containing seedling medium for seedling cultivation. During the seedling cultivation period, the humidity of the seedling medium is controlled at 70%. Cultivate for 28 days until the seedlings reach the 3-leaf stage to obtain sugarcane bud seedlings.

[0117] The seedling culture medium is prepared by mixing the following components by weight: 3 parts of decomposed bagasse, 1 part of perlite, 5 parts of peat soil, 2 parts of vermiculite, and 3 parts of black fungus residue. The method for preparing the decomposed bagasse comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the bagasse with animal feces at a mass ratio of 8:1, piling the mixed materials into a pile 1.7 m high, and fermenting them at room temperature for 15 days. The method for preparing the fungus residue comprises the following steps: crushing the black fungus residue, adjusting the moisture content of the residue to 35%, adding it to biogas slurry containing 4% of the residue by mass, and fermenting it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day to obtain the black fungus residue.

[0118] S4. Transplanting sugarcane: When the watermelon vines cover the ground surface (about 80% of the ridge surface), dig shallow holes between the watermelon plants in the furrows. The hole depth is 6.5 cm. Transplant the sugarcane seedlings in the shallow holes. The distance between the watermelon and sugarcane plants is 0.7 m, and the plant roots are aligned with the drip tape position.

[0119] S5. Water management: Use the drip tape of step S1 for irrigation. After transplanting sugarcane, irrigate once every 9 days with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times, 45 days before watermelon harvest, each irrigation volume is 25m 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 8 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 17 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 17 days, with an irrigation volume of 65m 3 / ha·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 25 days, with an irrigation volume of 35m 3 / hectare·times.

[0120] S6. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June. The vines are removed promptly after harvesting, and the drip tape is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth stage of sugarcane, the tall stalks provide shade and moisture conservation for the ground. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures in December.

[0121] Comparative Example 1

[0122] The drought-resistant and water-retaining agent used in this comparative example was purchased from Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0123] This comparative example is based on a sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0124] S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate the land and dig trenches alternately with large and small row spacing. The trench width is 20m and the depth is 35cm. The large row spacing is 2m and the small row spacing is 1m.

[0125] S2. Sowing: In early spring in February, sugarcane and watermelon seedlings were planted in the furrows. The whole sugarcane was used as the sugarcane seed. The sugarcane was cut into 10-15 cm sections with three buds in the middle of each section. Before planting the sugarcane, the sugarcane seeds were soaked and disinfected with prochloraz for 5 minutes. The seeds were then placed in the furrows to form a single row of sugarcane buds, and an appropriate amount of sugarcane farmyard manure was applied and sealed with a film. One row of watermelon was planted for every two rows of sugarcane. The watermelon planting spacing was 1.7 m. The cultivated watermelon seedlings were then transplanted into the sugarcane field and an appropriate amount of farmyard manure was applied, with an amount of 800 kg per mu.

[0126] S3. Water management: After planting sugarcane and watermelon, irrigate once every 9 days with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times, 45 days before watermelon harvest, each irrigation volume is 25m 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 8 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 17 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 45m 3 / ha·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 17 days, with an irrigation volume of 65m 3 / ha·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 25 days, with an irrigation volume of 35m 3 / hectare·times;

[0127] S4. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June, and the vines are removed promptly after harvesting. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures in December.

[0128] The rest of the field management followed conventional management methods.

[0129] Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 were tested in Wuming District, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Each test plot had an area of ​​2 mu (approximately 2 mu). The soil moisture content at 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm was 12.4% and 16.8%, respectively. The test results are shown in Tables 1-3.

[0130] Table 1 Yield, sugar content, seedling survival rate, and field weed rate of watermelon and sugarcane harvested in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1

[0131]

[0132] The coefficient of variation is a relative indicator to measure the degree of dispersion of data. The calculation formula is:

[0133] CV = (standard deviation of plant height / average plant height) × 100%

[0134] In the present invention, it is used to quantify the uniformity of plant height of sugarcane seedlings. The smaller the CV value, the higher the consistency of plant height.

[0135] Table 2 Sugarcane seedling height before transplanting and seedling height uniformity of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1

[0136]

[0137] Table 3 Irrigation costs of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

[0138] Irrigation cost (yuan / mu) Example 1 120 Comparative Example 1 350

[0139] In summary, the present invention provides a sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time coordination and facility sharing. The intercropping method first covers the watermelon, then removes the buds and replants the sugarcane, and then shares the drip tape facilities to achieve time coordination of the crop growth cycle, realize efficient utilization of land and water resources, improve seedling uniformity and reduce production costs. The present invention shares a drip tape with watermelons and sugarcanes, eliminating the need for laying a separate drip tape for sugarcane and reducing the investment cost of drip irrigation facilities by 200-300 yuan per mu. The present invention first plants watermelons and then transplants sugarcane 30 days later, so that watermelon vines are covered in the early stage to inhibit weed growth, reduce the incidence of weeds in the sugarcane field, and reduce the use of herbicides. At the same time, sugarcane buds can be removed and seedlings can be raised during the early vine covering period. After the watermelons are harvested, the drip irrigation system is retained for use in the middle and late growth stages of sugarcane. In the middle and late growth stages of sugarcane (September-November), the tall stalks shade the ground, reducing soil moisture evaporation by 15-20%, conserving soil moisture, and laying a good soil foundation for watermelon planting the following year. The present invention cleverly utilizes the time coordination of watermelons and sugarcane and the sharing of drip irrigation facilities to improve land utilization and increase the output value per unit area by 20-25%. Traditional sugarcane seedling cultivation relies on whole stems. This method, however, separates individual buds for seedling cultivation, eliminating differences in growth potential at different bud points on the stem and significantly improving the uniformity of seedling height (coefficient of variation <5%) compared to traditional methods. This method uses a seedling cultivation medium composed of decomposed bagasse and perlite in a specific ratio. The decomposed bagasse is rich in organic matter and nutrients, providing ample nutrition for the sugarcane seedlings. The perlite has good air permeability and water retention, improving the physical properties of the medium, promoting root growth, and enhancing seedling quality. The addition of peat soil, vermiculite and black fungus chaff further optimizes the nutritional components and properties of the substrate. Peat soil and vermiculite have good water retention and air permeability, vermiculite can adjust the pH value of the substrate, and black fungus chaff is rich in crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and other nutrients, as well as some mineral components and enzymes, so that the buds after fermentation do not need to be soaked and germinated before planting, thereby improving the germination rate and stress resistance, and providing a more suitable growth environment for sugarcane seedlings, thereby helping to improve the uniformity of seedling growth.The present invention improves the defects of traditional drought-resistant water-retaining agents. The prepared water-retaining agent has significantly enhanced water-retaining capacity, can absorb a large amount of water and slowly release it, and maintains water supply in the middle and late stages of watermelon growth. 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and carboxymethyl cellulose enhance the hydrophilicity and stability of the water-retaining agent, improve its durability in the soil, thereby increasing watermelon yield and improving watermelon quality. Various functional groups on the modified chitosan molecular chain can interact with small molecular substances in the solution through hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, etc., to promote the free movement of various components in the system to a certain extent, avoid excessive compaction of the water-retaining agent after absorbing water, slow down the squeezing of soil particles, and thus improve the survival rate of watermelon seedlings. In addition, the introduction of mung bean protein starch glue further enhances the hydrophilicity, and also makes the material have good biocompatibility. The modified chitosan forms a stable fiber network structure with the carboxymethyl cellulose, further improving water absorption performance, and at the same time having good degradability.

[0140] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many variations and modifications are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and modifications. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sugarcane and watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Soil preparation and trenching: Cultivate and prepare the land, and dig trenches with a row spacing of 1.2-1.5m in the planting area; lay drip tapes in the trenches, with one drip tape in each trench; S2. Sowing watermelons: In early spring, from February to March, dig watermelon planting pits in the row furrows, apply drought-resistant water-retaining agent to the watermelon planting pits, irrigate with a certain amount of water, and then sow watermelons in the watermelon planting pits. Ensure that the watermelon vines are neatly spread to the area covered by the drip tape 30-40 days after the seedlings emerge; S3. Raising sugarcane seedlings by pinching buds: Utilize the 30-40 day window before the watermelon vines spread out neatly for raising sugarcane seedlings by pinching buds. Select disease-free sugarcane stems and manually pinch out plump side buds, 1.5-2 cm in length. Raise the seedlings in plug trays containing a seedling medium. During the seedling raising period, maintain the medium humidity at 65-75%. Raise the seedlings until they have 3-4 leaves, thereby obtaining sugarcane pinched bud seedlings. S4. Transplanting sugarcane: When the watermelon vines cover the ground, dig shallow holes between the watermelon plants in the furrows and transplant the sugarcane seedlings into the shallow holes. The spacing between the watermelon and sugarcane plants should be 0.6-0.75m, and the plant roots should be aligned with the drip tape. S5. Water management: Use the drip tape in step S1 for irrigation. After transplanting sugarcane, irrigate once every 7-10 days with an irrigation volume of 40-50m 3 / ha·times, 40-50 days before watermelon harvest, 20-30m3 of water per irrigation 3 / hectare, stop irrigation 7-10 days before watermelon harvest; irrigate once every 15-20 days from watermelon harvest to sugarcane jointing stage, with an irrigation volume of 40-50m 3 / hectare·times; During the jointing period of sugarcane, irrigation is carried out once every 15-20 days, with an irrigation volume of 60-70m 3 / hectare·times; During the sugarcane maturity period, irrigation is carried out once every 20-30 days, with an irrigation volume of 30-40m 3 / hectare·times; S6. Late harvesting: Watermelons are harvested after they mature in June or July. The vines are removed promptly after harvesting, and the drip tape is retained for use in the middle and late growth of sugarcane. In the late growth stage of sugarcane, the tall stems provide shade and moisture conservation for the ground. Sugarcane is harvested after it matures from December to January of the following year.

2. The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling culture medium is composed of decomposed bagasse and perlite in a mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:0.5-1.

5.

3. The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling culture medium further comprises 4-6 parts by mass of peat soil, 1-2 parts by mass of vermiculite, and 2-3 parts by mass of black fungus chaff.

4. The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 10-20 parts of modified chitosan, 3-10 parts of fish glue, 10-20 parts of starch, 3-5 parts of mung bean protein, 2-3 parts of potassium persulfate, 1-2 parts of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, and 15-20 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose; The preparation method of the drought-resistant water-retaining agent comprises the following steps: S10, adding the modified chitosan to water, stirring and dispersing for 60-120 minutes to obtain a modified chitosan dispersion; S20, dissolving 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and carboxymethyl cellulose in water to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose solution; S30, dispersing starch and mung bean protein in water, heating in a water bath at a temperature of 85-95° C., stirring for 5-10 hours, and cooling to obtain a mung bean protein starch colloid; the mung bean protein is prepared by the following steps: grinding mung beans into powder and dispersing the powder in distilled water, adjusting the pH to 7.0-8.0, centrifuging the supernatant, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain mung bean protein; S40, adding the modified chitosan dispersion to the carboxymethyl cellulose solution, heating and stirring at 50-70° C. for 30-60 minutes; adding fish glue and mung bean protein starch glue, stirring evenly; finally adding potassium persulfate solution, stirring at 65-80° C. for 1-3 hours, then evaporating the water, drying to constant weight, cooling, and granulating to obtain the drought-resistant water-retaining agent.

5. The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified chitosan comprises the following steps: Dissolve chitosan in an alkaline solution, add ethylenediamine, react at 55-65°C for 1-3 hours, then add sodium citrate solution, continue stirring at 40-50°C for 2-5 hours, filter, collect the precipitate, wash, and dry to obtain modified chitosan.

6. The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chitosan has a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 to 200,000 and a deacetylation degree of 85 to 95%.

7. The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The watermelon is an early-maturing short-vine watermelon, and the watermelon variety is selected from one of Zaojia 8424, Tianwang No. 3, Xiaohongling and Guixigua No.

3.

8. The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is characterized in that The application amount of the drought-resistant and water-retaining agent is 1.5 kg / mu.

9. The sugarcane-watermelon intercropping method based on time sequence coordination and facility sharing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the black fungus chaff comprises the following steps: crushing the black fungus chaff, adjusting the moisture content of the chaff to 30-40%, adding the chaff to biogas slurry with a mass percentage of 2-5% of the chaff mass, and stacking and fermenting the chaff for 3-7 days, turning the pile once a day, to obtain the black fungus chaff.

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