A punching system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to sheet metal technology field, specifically, relate to a punching system and method, the punching system includes punching assembly and sheet metal, the punching assembly includes lower die unit, punching unit, the lower die unit includes lower die body, lower die hole, discharge hole, sheet metal, A1 < A2, wherein, A1 is first working condition, the distance between the end of the punching module close to the lower die body and the end of the ejection module close to the lower die body along the axial direction of the punching module, A2 is second working condition, the distance between the end of the punching module close to the lower die body and the end of the ejection module close to the lower die body along the axial direction of the punching module, the first working condition includes that the sheet metal is located between the ejection module and the lower die body, the depth of the punching module cutting into the sheet metal is less than or equal to the set depth, the ejection module and the sheet metal abut and generate interaction force, the second working condition includes that the depth of the punching module cutting into the sheet metal is greater than the set depth, so that the problem that tailings are difficult to be discharged smoothly during punching is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sheet metal technology, and more specifically, to a punching system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of sheet metal processing, punching technology is widely used. It mainly achieves hole processing in sheet metal through the cooperation of a punching unit and a lower die hole. The lower end face of the punching unit abuts against the sheet metal simultaneously and moves downward under the action of driving force, penetrating the sheet metal to form a hole of a preset size. The lower die hole is set below the sheet metal, which on the one hand provides movement guidance for the punching unit to ensure the accuracy of the punching position, and on the other hand provides support for the sheet metal to prevent excessive deformation during the punching process.

[0003] To ensure punching accuracy, a small diameter difference is typically designed between the punching unit and the lower die hole to reduce radial wobble during the punching unit's movement, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy and perpendicularity of the hole. However, in practical applications, this design makes the surface of the punching unit prone to wear after long-term use. The worn punching unit tears the sheet metal during its downward stroke to achieve punching. However, the torn area of ​​the sheet metal is often not smooth, resulting in an insufficient difference between the diameter of the tail material and the inner diameter of the lower die hole. This makes it difficult for the tail material (i.e., the waste material punched off the sheet metal) to obtain enough space to be discharged smoothly through the lower die hole after punching. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of difficult material discharge during punching, this invention provides a punching system and method.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a punching system, the punching system comprising:

[0006] A punching assembly includes a lower die unit and a punching unit; the lower die unit includes a lower die body, a lower die hole, and a discharge hole; the lower die hole and the discharge hole are connected to form a through hole; the through hole penetrates both sides of the lower die body; the diameter of the lower die hole is less than or equal to the diameter of the discharge hole; the punching unit includes a punching module and a spring module; the spring module is movably connected to the punching module; the punching module and the spring module are respectively located in the area projected from the lower die hole in a direction away from the discharge hole;

[0007] Sheet metal;

[0008] A1 < A2; where A1 is the distance along the axial direction of the punching module at the end of the punching module near the lower die body and the spring material module at the end of the spring material module near the lower die body when the first working state is reached; A2 is the distance along the axial direction of the punching module at the end of the punching module near the lower die body and the spring material module at the end of the spring material module near the lower die body when the second working state is reached.

[0009] The first working state includes the sheet metal being located between the spring material module and the lower die body, the punching module cutting into the sheet metal to a depth less than or equal to a set depth, and the spring material module abutting against the sheet metal and generating an interaction force; the second working state includes the punching module cutting into the sheet metal to a depth greater than the set depth.

[0010] In some embodiments, A1 = k × S2 / S1, k ∈ [0.1, 10]; S1 is the maximum contact area between the spring module and the sheet metal, and S2 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower die hole along the radial direction of the lower die hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, the punching module includes a punching ring, a sliding ring, and a compression ring; the compression ring, the sliding ring, and the punching ring are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the punching ring; the spring module includes an extrusion head, a sliding column, and a compression spring; the extrusion head, the sliding column, and the compression spring are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the extrusion head; the compression spring is disposed within the space surrounded by the compression ring; the outer peripheral wall of the sliding column is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the sliding ring; a portion of the extrusion head is disposed on the side of the punching ring away from the sliding ring;

[0012] A1 represents the distance along the axial direction of the punching module between the end of the punching ring near the lower die and the end of the extrusion head near the lower die when the first working state is reached; A2 represents the distance along the axial direction of the punching module between the end of the punching ring near the lower die and the end of the extrusion head near the lower die when the second working state is reached; the first working state includes the sheet metal being located between the extrusion head and the lower die, the depth to which the punching ring cuts into the sheet metal being less than or equal to the set depth, and the extrusion head abutting against the sheet metal and generating an interaction force; the second working state includes the depth to which the punching ring cuts into the sheet metal being greater than the set depth.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the compression ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding ring;

[0014] During a portion of the second working state, the end of the compression ring near the punch ring abuts against the end of the sliding column away from the extrusion head.

[0015] In some embodiments, the punching module further includes a limiting ring; the limiting ring is connected to the end of the compression ring away from the punching ring;

[0016] The spring material module further includes a limiting post and a limiting part; one end of the limiting post is connected to the end of the sliding post away from the extrusion head, and the other end is connected to the limiting part; the outer peripheral wall of the limiting post is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring; a portion of the projection area of ​​the limiting part towards the extrusion head is located outside the space surrounded by the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring; the length of the limiting post is greater than the sum of the lengths of the compression ring and the limiting ring.

[0017] In some embodiments, the lower mold unit further includes a guide post; the guide post is connected to one side of the lower mold body;

[0018] The punching assembly further includes an upper die unit; the upper die unit includes an upper die body and a guide hole; the guide hole extends through both sides of the upper die body; the guide hole is slidably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the guide post;

[0019] The first working state also includes the lower mold body and the upper mold body respectively abutting against both sides of the sheet metal in the thickness direction.

[0020] In some embodiments, the upper mold unit further includes a clamping part; the clamping part is connected to the upper mold body; the hardness of the clamping part is less than the hardness of the upper mold body;

[0021] The first working state also includes the upper mold body abutting against the side of the sheet material away from the lower mold body through the clamping part.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a punching method, wherein the punching method is applied to any of the punching systems of the first aspect, the punching method comprising:

[0023] Based on the punching command trigger, the sheet metal is placed on the side of the lower die body close to the punching unit;

[0024] The spring module moves towards the punching unit simultaneously with the punching module to the first working state;

[0025] The material module continues to move to the second working state along with the punching module;

[0026] The sheet material within the designated projection area is sequentially discharged through the lower die hole and the discharge hole, thus completing the punching process.

[0027] In some embodiments, the spring material module moves simultaneously with the punching module toward the punching unit to a first working state; including:

[0028] The sheet metal is placed on the side of the lower die body near the punching unit, and the upper die unit moves to abut against the side of the sheet metal away from the lower die body; wherein, the punching assembly also includes the upper die unit;

[0029] As the upper die unit moves to abut against the side of the sheet metal away from the lower die body, the spring material module moves towards the punching unit simultaneously with the punching module to the first working state.

[0030] In some embodiments, the movement of the spring material module toward the punching unit simultaneously with the punching module to the first working state includes:

[0031] The spring module moves simultaneously with the punching module at a first speed to abut against the sheet metal;

[0032] The material module moves toward the punching unit at a second speed along with the punching module to the first working state.

[0033] The material feed module continues to move to the second working state along with the punching module at a third speed; wherein, the first speed is greater than the second speed; and the third speed is greater than the second speed.

[0034] In some embodiments, the punching system further includes a grinding assembly;

[0035] The punching method further includes:

[0036] Based on the completion of punching, the grinding component grinds the punched sheet to a set state; wherein, the set state includes the maximum height difference on either side of the sheet thickness direction being within a set height range.

[0037] To solve the problem of difficult discharge of tail material during punching, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] By setting A1 < A2, and combining the first working state (the sheet metal is located between the spring plate module and the lower die body, the depth of the punching module into the sheet metal is ≤ the set depth, and the spring plate module abuts against the sheet metal) and the second working state (the depth of the punching module into the sheet metal is > the set depth), the punching module and the spring plate module can generate force through the movable connection under the inertial action of moving downward, impacting the sheet metal in the discharge projection area to form tail material; after the tail material is formed, due to the diameter setting of the lower die hole and the discharge hole, the discharge hole can provide a larger discharge space for the tail material, so that the tail material can smoothly enter the discharge hole and be discharged, ultimately solving the problem that the tail material generated by punching is difficult to discharge smoothly. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a punching profile system structure according to one embodiment is shown;

[0040] Figure 2 A partial first-view schematic diagram of a punching system according to one embodiment is shown;

[0041] Figure 3A partial second-view schematic diagram of a punching system according to one embodiment is shown;

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a punching system according to one embodiment is shown.

[0043] Reference numerals: 10 Support assembly; 11 Base; 12 First drive unit; 13 Second drive unit; 20 Punching assembly; 21 Lower die unit; 211 Lower die body; 212 Lower die hole; 213 Discharge hole; 215 Guide post; 22 Upper die unit; 221 Upper die body; 222 Clamping part; 23 Punching unit; 231 Punching module; 2311 Punching ring; 2312 Sliding ring; 2313 Compression ring; 2314 Limiting ring; 232 Spring module; 2321 Extrusion head; 2322 Sliding post; 2323 Limiting post; 2324 Limiting part; 2325 Compression spring; 30 Sheet metal. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present disclosure, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the disclosure.

[0045] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation or being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientations or positional relationships; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "installed", "set up", "equipped with", "connected", and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0046] During the punching process of sheet metal 30, when a structure including a lower die unit 21 and a punching unit 23 is adopted, there is a technical problem that the tail material generated during punching is difficult to discharge smoothly. This problem is related to the structural cooperation between the lower die unit 21 and the punching unit 23: the lower die hole 212 of the lower die unit 21 is connected to the discharge hole 213 to form a through hole, through which the tail material needs to be discharged. After long-term use, the surface of the punching unit 23 is prone to wear. After wear, the punching unit 23 causes the sheet metal 30 to tear through its downward stroke, thereby achieving punching. However, the tear in the sheet metal 30 is often not smooth, making the difference between the diameter of the tail material and the inner diameter of the lower die hole 212 too small. As a result, the tail material generated after punching (i.e., the waste material punched off the sheet metal 30) has difficulty obtaining enough space to be discharged smoothly through the lower die hole 212, causing the tail material to be obstructed in the through hole.

[0047] Example 1: This example discloses a punching system, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the punching system includes a punching assembly 20 and a sheet metal 30. The punching assembly 20 includes a lower die unit 21 and a punching unit 23. The lower die unit 21 includes a lower die body 211, a lower die hole 212, and a discharge hole 213. The lower die body 211 provides support for the sheet metal 30. The lower die hole 212 is used to cooperate with the punching module 231 to complete the punching. The discharge hole 213 is used to discharge the tail material. The three work together to meet the basic structural requirements of punching and tail material processing. The lower die hole 212 and the discharge hole 213 are connected to form a through hole; the through hole penetrates both sides of the lower die body 211. The diameter of the lower die hole 212 is less than or equal to the diameter of the discharge hole 213. The punching unit 23 includes a punching module 231 and a spring module 232. The spring module 232 is movably connected to the punching module 231. The spring module 232 and the punching module 231 can move relative to each other axially to adapt to the positional requirements of different punching stages, achieving a flexible coordination of the punching action. The punching module 231 and the spring material module 232 are located in the area projected from the lower die hole 212 toward the direction away from the discharge hole 213; this ensures that the punching module 231 and the spring material module 232 are precisely aligned with the lower die hole 212, avoids punching offset, and achieves the effect of improving punching accuracy.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the sheet metal is 30;

[0049] A1 < A2; where A1 is the distance along the axial direction of the punching module 231 at the end near the lower die 211 and the spring material module 232 at the end near the lower die 211 when the first working state is reached; A2 is the distance along the axial direction of the punching module 231 at the end near the lower die 211 and the spring material module 232 at the end near the lower die 211 when the second working state is reached; the setting of A1 < A2 can realize the change of distance from the initial punching stage to the deep punching stage, adapt to the process of the punching module 231 gradually cutting into the sheet metal 30, and achieve the effect of meeting the needs of different punching stages.

[0050] like Figure 1As shown, in the first working state, the sheet metal 30 is located between the spring material module 232 and the lower die body 211, the depth to which the punching module 231 cuts into the sheet metal 30 is less than or equal to a set depth, and the spring material module 232 abuts against the sheet metal 30 and generates an interaction force. In the first working state, the interaction force generated by the spring material module 232 abutting against the sheet metal 30 will pull the sheet metal 30, causing the abutment of the sheet metal 30 with the punching unit 23 to be recessed towards the discharge hole 213, causing the sheet metal 30 to tear while deforming, thereby reducing the difficulty of punching the sheet metal 30. At the same time, due to the recess of the tail material, the diameter of the tail material is reduced, making it easier for the tail material to pass through the lower die hole 212 and the discharge hole 213 smoothly and smoothly. The second working state includes a depth to which the punching module 231 cuts into the sheet metal 30 (i.e., the depth to which the punching module 231 moves from the side of the sheet metal 30 away from the lower die 211 towards the side closer to the lower die 211, with the sheet metal 30 on the lower die 211 coinciding with the punching module 231 in the thickness direction of the sheet metal 30) greater than a set depth, which can be 2 / 3 of the thickness of the sheet metal 30. In the second working state, the punching module 231 penetrates deeper into the sheet metal 30, completing the punching action. Combined with the tearing effect in the first working state, this makes it easier for the tail material to separate from the sheet metal 30 and enter the die hole and discharge hole 213 for discharge. At the same time, in the second working state, the springing module 232 provides a force to the tail material in the direction close to the discharge hole 213, making it easier for the tail material to separate from the sheet metal 30 and be discharged through the through hole.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the punching system also includes a support assembly 10, which includes a base 11, a first drive unit 12, and a second drive unit 13. The lower die unit 21 can be placed on the base 11. The first drive unit 12 is driven to the upper die unit 22, driving the upper die unit 22 to move. The second drive unit 13 is driven to the punching unit 23, driving the punching unit 23 to move.

[0052] Further, A1 = k × S2 / S1, k ∈ [0.1, 10]; S1 is the maximum contact area between the spring module 232 and the sheet metal 30, and S2 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower die hole 212 along the radial direction of the lower die hole 212. The unit of A1 is millimeters; k is a coefficient, which is negatively correlated with the thickness of the sheet metal 30 and the strength of the material; k is negatively correlated with the thickness of the sheet metal 30, the thicker the sheet metal 30, the smaller K is; k is negatively correlated with the strength of the sheet metal 30, the thicker the sheet metal 30, the smaller K is; by matching the force exerted on the sheet metal 30 by the spring module 232 with the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower die hole 212, deformation of the sheet metal 30 at the junction of the lower die body 211 and the lower die hole 212 is prevented during processing, so that the sheet metal 30 is as close as possible to the lower die body 211, and the problem of impact on punching is finally solved.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the punching module 231 includes a punching ring 2311, a sliding ring 2312, and a compression ring 2313. The punching ring 2311 can directly contact the sheet metal 30 to complete the punching action. The sliding ring 2312 provides sliding guidance for the sliding column 2322. The compression ring 2313 can accommodate the compression spring 2325 and provide support. The compression ring 2313, sliding ring 2312, and punching ring 2311 are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the punching ring 2311 to ensure the integrity and stability of the punching module 231 structure, provide rigid support for the punching process, and ensure the effective transmission of punching force. The spring module 232 includes an extrusion head 2321, a sliding column 2322, and a compression spring 2325. The extrusion head 2321 can directly contact the sheet metal 30 and apply force. The sliding column 2322 can realize the axial movement of the spring module 232. The compression spring 2325 can provide elastic restoring force. 321, sliding column 2322, and compression spring 2325 are connected sequentially along the axial direction of extrusion head 2321; compression spring 2325 is set in the space surrounded by compression ring 2313; the outer peripheral wall of sliding column 2322 is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of sliding ring 2312; part of extrusion head 2321 is set on the side of punching ring 2311 away from sliding ring 2312, so that extrusion head 2321 abuts against sheet 30 before punching module 231 contacts sheet 30, applying force to sheet 30 in advance, creating conditions for subsequent cutting of sheet 30 by punching ring 2311;

[0054] In the first working state (A1), the distance between the end of the punching ring 2311 near the lower die 211 and the end of the extrusion head 2321 near the lower die 211 along the axial direction of the punching module 231 is the same. In the second working state (A2), the distance between the end of the punching ring 2311 near the lower die 211 and the end of the extrusion head 2321 near the lower die 211 along the axial direction of the punching module 231 is the same. The first working state includes the sheet metal 30 being located between the extrusion head 2321 and the lower die 211, with the punching ring 2311 penetrating the sheet metal 30 to a depth less than or equal to a set depth, and the extrusion head 2321 abutting against the sheet metal 30 and generating an interaction force. The second working state includes the punching ring 2311 penetrating the sheet metal 30 to a depth greater than the set depth. In this state, the punching ring 2311 can penetrate deep into the sheet metal 30 to complete the punching. Combined with the structure of the compression spring 2325 connecting the compression ring 2313 and the sliding column 2322 respectively, the extrusion head 2321 can extend and retract along its own axis. In the second working state, the force between the extrusion head 2321 and the tail material increases due to the change in the elasticity of the compression spring 2325 (i.e., the change from A1 to A2), providing the tail material with a force in the direction close to the discharge hole 213, making it easier for the tail material to separate from the plate 30 and be discharged through the through hole.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the inner diameter of the compression ring 2313 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding ring 2312, so that the compression ring 2313 limits the movement of the sliding column 2322, preventing the sliding column 2322 from extending too far into the compression ring 2313, and at the same time providing a structural basis for the contact between the sliding column 2322 and the compression ring 2313, ensuring that the two make contact at the preset position;

[0056] During a portion of the second working period, the end of the compression ring 2313 near the punch ring 2311 abuts against the end of the sliding column 2322 away from the extrusion head 2321. This abutment allows the compression ring 2313 to support the extrusion head 2321 via the sliding column 2322, dispersing the force on the compression spring 2325, preventing the compression spring 2325 from being damaged due to excessive force, effectively protecting the compression spring 2325, and ensuring the stable operation of the spring module 232.

[0057] Furthermore, the punching module 231 also includes a limiting ring 2314; the limiting ring 2314 is connected to the end of the compression ring 2313 away from the punching ring 2311;

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the spring material module 232 also includes a limiting post 2323 and a limiting part 2324; one end of the limiting post 2323 is connected to the end of the sliding post 2322 away from the extrusion head 2321, as shown. Figure 3 As shown, the other end is connected to the limiting part 2324, so that the limiting post 2323, the limiting part 2324 and the sliding post 2322 form a linkage structure, ensuring that the limiting post 2323 and the limiting part 2324 move synchronously when the sliding post 2322 moves, ensuring the consistency of the limiting action; the outer peripheral wall of the limiting post 2323 is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring 2314, realizing the axial movement of the limiting post 2323 relative to the limiting ring 2314, while the limiting ring 2314... 4. It can guide the movement of the limiting post 2323, ensuring smooth movement of the limiting post 2323 and avoiding deviation; the projection area of ​​the limiting part 2324 towards the extrusion head 2321 is located outside the space surrounded by the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring 2314; the length of the limiting post 2323 is greater than the sum of the lengths of the compression ring 2313 and the limiting ring 2314, ensuring that when the extrusion head 2321 is not in contact with the sheet 30, the limiting part 2324 and the limiting ring 2314 are as follows: Figure 1 The upper end abuts against the limit part 2324 to prevent it from falling out of the limit ring 2314 and to ensure the stability of the punching unit 23 structure.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the lower mold unit 21 also includes a guide post 215; the guide post 215 is connected to one side of the lower mold body 211; the guide post 215 can increase the guiding structure of the lower mold unit 21, provide a matching basis for the movement of the upper mold unit 22, and ensure that the upper mold unit 22 can move in a preset direction.

[0060] The punching assembly 20 also includes an upper die unit 22; the upper die unit 22 includes an upper die body 221 and a guide hole; the guide hole passes through both sides of the upper die body 221; the guide hole is slidably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the guide post 215;

[0061] The first working state also includes the lower die 211 and the upper die 221 respectively abutting against both sides of the sheet metal 30 in the thickness direction. The guide post 215 is connected to the lower die 211, and the guide hole of the upper die unit 22 is slidably connected to the guide post 215, which can realize the guiding movement of the upper die unit 22 relative to the lower die unit 21, ensuring accurate movement; the lower die 211 and the upper die 221 respectively abutting against both sides of the sheet metal 30 in the thickness direction can realize the clamping and fixing of the sheet metal 30. After clamping and fixing, punching is performed, which stably solves the problem of the sheet metal 30 shaking during the punching process.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the upper die unit 22 also includes a clamping part 222; the clamping part 222 is connected to the upper die body 221 to ensure that the clamping part 222 moves synchronously with the upper die body 221, ensuring that a clamping force is continuously applied to the sheet metal 30 during the punching process, and preventing the sheet metal 30 from falling off or shifting; the hardness of the clamping part 222 is less than that of the upper die body 221, so that the clamping part 222 has a certain elastic deformation capability. The clamping part 222 can undergo slight deformation when in contact with the sheet metal 30, thereby better fitting the surface of the sheet metal 30, and at the same time absorbing some of the vibration generated during the punching process, reducing the impact of vibration on the stability of the sheet metal 30;

[0063] The first working state also includes the upper mold body 221 abutting against the side of the sheet metal 30 away from the lower mold body 211 through the pressing part 222, so that the pressing part 222 continuously applies a pressing force to the sheet metal 30 during the punching process, so as to prevent the sheet metal 30 from falling off or shifting.

[0064] Example 2: This example discloses a punching method, which is applied to any punching system of Example 1. The punching method includes steps S10 to S40, which are executed sequentially. Detailed descriptions of each step are as follows:

[0065] In step S10, based on the punching command trigger, the sheet metal 30 is placed on the side of the lower die body 211 near the punching unit 23;

[0066] In step S20, based on the sheet metal 30 being placed on the side of the lower die body 211 near the punching unit 23, the spring material module 232 moves towards the punching unit 23 simultaneously with the punching module 231 to the first working state. The first working state includes the sheet metal 30 being located between the spring material module 232 and the lower die body 211, the depth to which the punching module 231 cuts into the sheet metal 30 being less than or equal to a set depth, and the spring material module 232 abutting against the sheet metal 30 and generating an interaction force. In the first working state, the interaction force generated by the spring material module 232 abutting against the sheet metal 30 will pull the sheet metal 30, causing the contact point between the sheet metal 30 and the punching unit 23 to indent towards the discharge hole 213, causing the sheet metal 30 to tear while deforming, thereby reducing the difficulty of punching the sheet metal 30. Simultaneously, the indentation of the tail material reduces its diameter, making it easier for the tail material to pass smoothly through the lower die hole 212 and the discharge hole 213 sequentially.

[0067] In step S30, the spring material module 232 moves towards the punching unit 23 simultaneously with the punching module 231 to the first working state, and then continues to move with the punching module 231 to the second working state. The second working state includes a depth in which the punching module 231 cuts into the sheet metal 30 (i.e., the dimension in which the punching module 231 moves from the side of the sheet metal 30 away from the lower die body 211 towards the side closer to the lower die body 211, and the sheet metal 30 on the lower die body 211 and the punching module 231 coincide in the thickness direction of the sheet metal 30) greater than a set depth, which can be 2 / 3 of the thickness of the sheet metal 30. In the second working state, the punching module 231 penetrates deeper into the sheet metal 30, completing the punching action. Combined with the tearing effect in the first working state, this makes it easier for the tail material to separate from the sheet metal 30 and enter the die hole and discharge hole 213 for discharge.

[0068] In step S40, the sheet metal 30 within the set projection area is discharged sequentially through the lower die hole 212 and the discharge hole 213, and the punching is completed.

[0069] Furthermore, step S20 includes steps S21 to S22, and steps S10, S21, S22, S30, and S40 are executed sequentially. Detailed explanations of each step are as follows:

[0070] In step S21, the sheet metal 30 is placed on the side of the lower die body 211 near the punching unit 23, and the upper die unit 22 moves to abut against the side of the sheet metal 30 away from the lower die body 211; wherein, the punching assembly 20 also includes the upper die unit 22; after the sheet metal 30 is placed, the upper die unit 22 moves and abuts against the sheet metal 30, and can apply pressure from above the sheet metal 30, and cooperate with the lower die body 211 to support from below, forming an initial clamping of the sheet metal 30, preventing the sheet metal 30 from shifting during subsequent movement.

[0071] In step S22, as the upper die unit 22 moves to abut against the side of the sheet metal 30 away from the lower die body 211, the spring material module 232 moves simultaneously with the punching module 231 toward the punching unit 23 to the first working state. With the upper die unit 22 already fixing the sheet metal 30, the spring material module 232 and the punching module 231 moving to the first working state ensures that the sheet metal 30 receives the abutting force from the spring material module 232 in a stable state, avoiding positional deviations caused by the sheet metal 30 not being fixed, and improving punching accuracy.

[0072] Furthermore, step S20 includes steps S23 to S25, with steps S10, S23, S24, S25, S30, and S40 executed sequentially. Detailed explanations of each step are as follows:

[0073] In step S23, based on the sheet metal 30 being placed on the side of the lower die body 211 near the punching unit 23, the spring material module 232 moves simultaneously with the punching module 231 at a first speed to contact the sheet metal 30. The first speed is set relatively high, which can quickly shorten the distance between the spring material module 232, the punching module 231 and the sheet metal 30, reduce non-processing waiting time, thereby improving the operation efficiency in the early stage of punching and ensuring that the initial position of contact with the sheet metal 30 is reached quickly.

[0074] In step S24, the spring material module 232 moves simultaneously with the punching module 231 at a first speed to contact the sheet metal 30, and the spring material module 232 moves simultaneously with the punching module 231 towards the punching unit 23 at a second speed to the first working state. The second speed is less than the first speed. The slower movement speed makes it easier to accurately control the shearing force and relative position of the punching unit 23 on the sheet metal 30, and avoid uneven force or positional displacement of the sheet metal 30 due to excessive speed, thereby improving working accuracy.

[0075] In step S25, the spring module 232 moves towards the punching unit 23 at a second speed to the first working state along with the punching module 231. The spring module 232 then moves to the second working state at a third speed. This faster movement provides sufficient impact force to the punching module 231, ensuring it smoothly cuts into the sheet metal 30 to the set depth, improving the efficiency of the punching process and guaranteeing the effectiveness of the punching action. The first speed is greater than the second speed; the third speed is greater than the second speed, balancing the efficiency and accuracy of the entire punching process.

[0076] Furthermore, the punching system also includes a grinding component;

[0077] The punching method also includes steps S50, S10, S20, S30, S40, and S50, which are executed sequentially:

[0078] In step S50, based on the completion of punching, the grinding component grinds the punched sheet 30 to a set state. After punching, the punched edges of the sheet 30 may have burrs or unevenness. The grinding component removes these defects, making the surface of the sheet 30 smoother and meeting the set surface quality requirements, thus achieving the effect of grinding after punching. The set state includes ensuring that the maximum height difference on either side of the sheet 30's thickness direction is within a set height range, ensuring that the flatness of the sheet 30 in the thickness direction after grinding meets the preset requirements, thereby improving the processing accuracy and performance of the sheet 30.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this disclosure, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A punching system, characterized in that, The punching system includes: A punching assembly includes a lower die unit and a punching unit; the lower die unit includes a lower die body, a lower die hole, and a discharge hole; the lower die hole and the discharge hole are connected to form a through hole; the through hole penetrates both sides of the lower die body; the diameter of the lower die hole is less than or equal to the diameter of the discharge hole; the punching unit includes a punching module and a spring module; the spring module is movably connected to the punching module; the punching module and the spring module are respectively located in the area projected from the lower die hole in a direction away from the discharge hole; Sheet metal; A1 < A2; where A1 is the distance along the axial direction of the punching module at the end of the punching module near the lower die body and the spring material module at the end of the spring material module near the lower die body when the first working state is reached; A2 is the distance along the axial direction of the punching module at the end of the punching module near the lower die body and the spring material module at the end of the spring material module near the lower die body when the second working state is reached. The first working state includes the sheet metal being located between the spring material module and the lower die body, the punching module cutting into the sheet metal to a depth less than or equal to a set depth, and the spring material module abutting against the sheet metal and generating an interaction force; the second working state includes the punching module cutting into the sheet metal to a depth greater than the set depth.

2. The punching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A1 = k × S2 / S1, k ∈ [0.1, 10]; S1 is the maximum contact area between the spring module and the sheet metal, S2 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower die hole along the radial direction of the lower die hole; k is a coefficient, which is negatively correlated with the sheet metal thickness and the strength of the material.

3. A punching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The punching module includes a punching ring, a sliding ring, and a compression ring; the compression ring, the sliding ring, and the punching ring are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the punching ring; the spring module includes an extrusion head, a sliding column, and a compression spring; the extrusion head, the sliding column, and the compression spring are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the extrusion head; the compression spring is disposed within the space surrounded by the compression ring; the outer peripheral wall of the sliding column is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the sliding ring; a portion of the extrusion head is disposed on the side of the punching ring away from the sliding ring; A1 represents the distance along the axial direction of the punching module between the end of the punching ring near the lower die and the end of the extrusion head near the lower die when the first working state is reached; A2 represents the distance along the axial direction of the punching module between the end of the punching ring near the lower die and the end of the extrusion head near the lower die when the second working state is reached; the first working state includes the sheet metal being located between the extrusion head and the lower die, the depth to which the punching ring cuts into the sheet metal being less than or equal to the set depth, and the extrusion head abutting against the sheet metal and generating an interaction force; the second working state includes the depth to which the punching ring cuts into the sheet metal being greater than the set depth.

4. A punching system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the compression ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding ring; During a portion of the time in the first working state, the end of the compression ring near the punch ring abuts against the end of the sliding column away from the extrusion head.

5. A punching system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The punching module also includes a limiting ring; the limiting ring is connected to the end of the compression ring away from the punching ring. The spring material module further includes a limiting post and a limiting part; one end of the limiting post is connected to the end of the sliding post away from the extrusion head, and the other end is connected to the limiting part; the outer peripheral wall of the limiting post is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring; a portion of the projection area of ​​the limiting part towards the extrusion head is located outside the space surrounded by the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring; the length of the limiting post is greater than the sum of the lengths of the compression ring and the limiting ring.

6. A punching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower mold unit also includes a guide post; the guide post is connected to one side of the lower mold body; The punching assembly further includes an upper die unit; the upper die unit includes an upper die body and a guide hole; the guide hole extends through both sides of the upper die body; the guide hole is slidably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the guide post; The first working state also includes the lower mold body and the upper mold body respectively abutting against both sides of the sheet metal in the thickness direction.

7. A punching system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper mold unit further includes a clamping part; the clamping part is connected to the upper mold body; the hardness of the clamping part is less than the hardness of the upper mold body; The first working state also includes the upper mold body abutting against the side of the sheet material away from the lower mold body through the clamping part.

8. A punching method, characterized in that, The punching method is applied to a punching system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the punching method includes: Based on the punching command trigger, the sheet metal is placed on the side of the lower die body close to the punching unit; The spring module moves towards the punching unit simultaneously with the punching module to the first working state; The material module continues to move to the second working state along with the punching module; The sheet material within the designated projection area is sequentially discharged through the lower die hole and the discharge hole, thus completing the punching process.

9. A punching method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The punching assembly also includes an upper die unit; The spring module moves simultaneously with the punching module toward the punching unit to the first working state; including: Based on the sheet metal being placed on the side of the lower die body close to the punching unit, the upper die unit moves to abut against the side of the sheet metal away from the lower die body; As the upper die unit moves to abut against the side of the sheet metal away from the lower die body, the spring material module moves towards the punching unit simultaneously with the punching module to the first working state.

10. A punching method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The movement of the spring module to the first working state simultaneously with the punching module toward the punching unit includes: The spring module moves simultaneously with the punching module at a first speed to abut against the sheet metal; The material module moves toward the punching unit at a second speed along with the punching module to the first working state. The material feed module continues to move to the second working state along with the punching module at a third speed; wherein, the first speed is greater than the second speed; and the third speed is greater than the second speed.

11. A punching method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The punching system also includes a grinding component; The punching method further includes: Based on the completion of punching, the grinding component grinds the punched sheet to a set state; wherein, the set state includes the maximum height difference on either side of the sheet thickness direction being within a set height range.

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