Centralized recycling and filtering device for cutting fluid of numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seasoning packaging, in particular to a numerical control machine tool cutting fluid centralized recycling and filtering device which comprises a top seat and a workbench arranged in the top seat, a base is installed at the bottom of the top seat, a recycling box is installed between the base and the top seat, and machining assemblies are arranged at the top of an inner cavity of the top seat and connected through a multi-axis linkage mechanism. Cutting fluid sprayers opposite to the working table machining area in position are installed at the corners of the cavity top of an inner cavity of the top base, a recycling cavity is formed in the recycling box, a recycling pump is arranged in the recycling cavity, and through the synergistic effect of double air pumps and a gas-liquid recycling pipe, atomized cutting fluid is effectively blocked through a gas-liquid separation diaphragm, so that the atomized cutting fluid is effectively separated from the working table. High-efficiency gas-liquid separation is achieved, the recovery rate is increased by 40% or above, meanwhile, workshop environment pollution is reduced, a built-in refrigerator is matched with a bubble disturbance technology, stable performance of the cutting fluid is ensured, the service life of a cutter is prolonged, and the quality of a machined surface is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of CNC machine tool processing auxiliary equipment, and in particular to a centralized recovery and filtering device for CNC machine tool cutting fluid. Background Art

[0002] During CNC machine tool processing, cutting fluid plays a key role in tool cooling, lubrication and chip removal. Traditional cutting fluid recovery systems have the following problems: Low recovery efficiency: Chips easily clog the filter, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning; Incomplete gas-liquid separation: atomized cutting fluid escapes into the workshop, polluting the environment; Cooling capacity decay: Cutting fluid performance deteriorates due to high temperature and accumulation of impurities.

[0003] Existing technologies use a single pumping recovery method, which does not solve the problem of coordinated treatment of gas-liquid mixed fluids. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated recovery device that can simultaneously achieve efficient gas-liquid separation, dynamic filtration, and active cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of CNC machine tools, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a centralized recovery and filtering device for cutting fluid of a CNC machine tool, comprising a top seat and a workbench arranged in the top seat, a base being installed at the bottom of the top seat, a recovery box being installed between the base and the top seat, a processing assembly being provided at the top of the inner cavity of the top seat, the processing assembly being connected through a multi-axis linkage mechanism to realize linear displacement in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, a cutting fluid nozzle being installed at the corner of the top of the inner cavity of the top seat opposite to the position of the processing area of ​​the workbench, a recovery chamber being provided in the recovery box, a recovery pump being installed in the recovery chamber, an output end of the recovery pump being connected with a plurality of cutting fluid nozzles, a recovery port being provided through the bottom of the working area of ​​the workbench and communicating with the inner cavity of the recovery box, a first filter screen being embedded in the recovery port, a gas-liquid recovery pipe being installed at the recovery port of the recovery box, and two air pumps being embedded in the recovery box, the input ends of the two air pumps being connected with the other two output ports of the gas-liquid recovery pipe, and a gas-liquid separation diaphragm being sealed at the connection point.

[0006] Furthermore, two sloped reflux seats are vertically fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the top seat, and the two sloped reflux seats are axially symmetrically distributed about the workbench. The tops of the two sloped reflux seats are each provided with an exhaust port respectively connected to the output ends of the two air pumps.

[0007] Furthermore, a reflux groove connected to the input end of the gas-liquid recovery pipe is provided on both sides of the workbench, and a second filter screen adapted for the application is embedded and fixedly installed in the notches of the two reflux grooves.

[0008] Furthermore, two extrusion assemblies are installed on the top of the workbench and are symmetrically distributed about the center of the recovery port. The two extrusion assemblies both include an electric cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, and the output ends of the two electric cylinders are connected to an extrusion head that is telescoped to the top of the recovery port.

[0009] Furthermore, four lifting cylinders are vertically fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, and the output ends of the four lifting cylinders are all installed with bearing seats. Two rotating rollers parallel to each other are arranged above the recovery port, and the two rotating rollers are rotatably installed with corresponding bearing seats respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, a refrigerator is embedded in the recovery chamber, and a heat dissipation end of the refrigerator is flush with the outer side wall of the recovery box.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas-liquid recovery pipe is an inverted Y-shaped structure, the top of the gas-liquid recovery pipe is flush with the bottom of the recovery port, and the other two ports of the gas-liquid recovery pipe are respectively flush with the corresponding air pump input ends.

[0012] Furthermore, there are delivery pipes connecting the two output ends of the recovery pump to the corresponding cutting fluid nozzles, and the two delivery pipes are embedded and installed between the inner wall and outer wall of the top seat. There are exhaust pipes connecting the output ends of the two air pumps to the corresponding exhaust ports, and the exhaust pipes are arranged in the sloped reflux seat.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Efficient gas-liquid recovery and separation: The dual air pumps and gas-liquid recovery pipes work together to create a stable negative pressure environment, rapidly extracting cutting fluid and atomized gas from the processing area. The gas-liquid separation membrane effectively blocks atomized cutting fluid, achieving efficient gas-liquid separation, increasing recovery rates by over 40% while reducing workshop environmental pollution.

[0014] Dynamic anti-clogging filtration: The first filter combines a dual cleaning mechanism of an extrusion component and a rotating roller to automatically compact and crush accumulated metal chips to prevent filter clogging, significantly reducing the frequency of downtime for cleaning and improving continuous processing efficiency.

[0015] Intelligent temperature control and cooling optimization: The built-in cooler and bubble disturbance technology enable the cutting fluid to cool down quickly during the recovery process, and the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±3°C, ensuring stable cutting fluid performance, extending tool life, and improving machined surface quality.

[0016] Compact structure and automated operation: The integrated design reduces external piping layout and adapts to the limited space of CNC machine tools; the electric cylinder and sensor are linked to achieve fully automatic cleaning and cycle control, reducing manual maintenance costs and is suitable for modern intelligent production lines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the top seat of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the workbench installation structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the recycling box of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0019] The numbers in the figure represent: 1. Top seat; 11. Processing components; 12. Cutting fluid nozzle; 13. Slope reflux seat; 14. Exhaust vent; 2. Workbench; 21. Recovery port; 22. First filter; 23. Second filter; 24. Electric cylinder; 25. Rotating roller; 3. Recovery box; 31. Refrigerator; 32. Gas-liquid recovery pipe; 33. Delivery pipe; 34. Air pump; 4. Base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0022] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-5, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, specifically a standard CNC machine tool cutting fluid recovery and filtration device; Structural composition and parameter configuration Main structure The top seat 1 is made of high-strength cast iron, with dimensions of 2000×1500×800mm and an internal working space of 1800×1300×700mm; Workbench 2 is a wear-resistant alloy steel platform with dimensions of 1600×1200×100mm and surface hardness of HRC55; Recycling box 3 has a capacity of 500L and is made of 304 stainless steel with a wall thickness of 3mm; Core functional components Processing component 11: spindle power 15kW, maximum speed 18000rpm; Cutting fluid nozzle 12: 6 high-pressure nozzles, injection pressure 0.8MPa, flow rate 30L / min; Recovery pump: centrifugal, flow rate 50m³ / h, head 20m; Air pump 34: two units, negative pressure -5kPa, air volume 15m³ / min; Filtration system First filter 22: 316L stainless steel, mesh size 0.2mm; Second filter 23: double-layer structure, outer mesh 0.5mm, inner mesh 0.3mm; Gas-liquid separation diaphragm: PTFE material, porosity 85%, separation efficiency ≥98%; Assistive devices Electric cylinder 24: thrust 2000N, stroke 150mm, repeatability ±0.02mm; Rotating roller 25: diameter 80mm, surface hard alloy coating, rotation speed 5rpm; Refrigerator 31: Refrigeration power 3kW, temperature control range 15-35℃; Workflow During machining, the spindle runs at 12,000 rpm, the cutting fluid nozzle 12 sprays in a fan pattern, the air pump 34 creates a stable negative pressure field in the gas-liquid recovery pipe 32, and the recovery efficiency reaches 95%. The extrusion assembly operates once every 15 minutes, the rotating roller 25 continuously runs at a low speed, and the refrigeration system maintains the cutting fluid temperature at 25±2°C. Performance indicators Chip processing capacity: cast iron chips 50kg / h, aluminum chips 30kg / h; Cutting fluid recovery rate: ≥92%; Continuous working time: ≥72 hours (automatic maintenance cycle); Example 2: Reference Figure 1-5, which is the second embodiment of the present invention, specifically a compact CNC machine tool cutting fluid recovery and filtration device; Structural composition and parameter configuration Main structure The top seat 1 measures 1500×1200×600mm, and the overall weight is reduced by 30%; Workbench 2 adopts modular design and can be quickly replaced. Recovery tank 3 has a capacity of 300L and is equipped with a visible liquid level window; Core functional components Processing component 11: spindle power 7.5kW, maximum speed 12000rpm; Cutting fluid nozzle 12: 4 adjustable angle nozzles; Recovery pump: vortex type, flow rate 30m³ / h; Air pump 34: micro high-pressure fan, noise ≤ 65dB; Filtration system First filter 22: quickly detachable design; Gas-liquid separation membrane: new composite material, life extended by 50%; Assistive devices Electric cylinder 24: compact, with integrated displacement sensor; Rotating roller 25: lightweight design, diameter 60mm; Refrigerator 31: Energy-saving type, power consumption reduced by 40%; Workflow Adopting intermittent recovery mode, energy consumption is reduced by 35%; Intelligent control system automatically adjusts operating parameters; Modular design facilitates maintenance; Performance indicators Suitable for small and medium-sized machining centers; The floor space is reduced by 40%; Comprehensive operating costs reduced by 25%; The remaining structures are the same as those of Example 1.

[0023] The centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluids used in CNC machine tools, described in this invention, achieves efficient and environmentally friendly cutting fluid management through three core functions: synchronous negative pressure recovery of gas and liquid, dynamic filtration and anti-clogging, and cooling and recycling of cutting fluids. The following details the device's operating process, encompassing the complete process from cutting fluid injection, recovery, filtration, to cooling and recycling.

[0024] 1. Cutting fluid injection stage 1.1 Processing components and cutting fluid supply After the CNC machine tool is started, the machining assembly 11, controlled by the multi-axis linkage mechanism, performs cutting operations according to a preset machining program. Simultaneously, the cutting fluid nozzle 12 begins spraying cutting fluid into the contact area between the tool and the workpiece, providing cooling, lubrication, and chip removal. The cutting fluid is drawn from the recovery tank 3 by a recovery pump and delivered to the nozzle via a delivery pipe 33, forming a circulation system.

[0025] 1.2 The role of cutting fluid Cooling: During high-speed cutting, the friction between the tool and the workpiece generates high temperature, and the cutting fluid quickly absorbs the heat to prevent the workpiece from deformation and thermal wear of the tool.

[0026] Lubrication: Cutting fluid forms a lubricating film between the tool and the chips, reducing friction and improving surface finish.

[0027] Chip removal: High-pressure jet cutting fluid flushes the chips away from the processing area to avoid chip accumulation affecting processing accuracy.

[0028] 2. Cutting fluid and chip recovery stage 2.1 Formation of gas-liquid mixed fluid During machining, the cutting fluid mixes with metal chips and air to form a three-phase fluid: gas, liquid, and solid. Some of the cutting fluid is atomized by the collision between the high-speed rotating tool and the chips, forming tiny droplets suspended in the air.

[0029] 2.2 Negative pressure suction and gas-liquid recovery The air pump 34 is started: the two symmetrically arranged air pumps 34 operate simultaneously, forming a negative pressure in the gas-liquid recovery pipe 32 .

[0030] Gas-liquid mixed fluid suction: Cutting fluid, chips and atomized gas in the processing area enter the gas-liquid recovery pipe 32 through the recovery port 21. The first filter 22 intercepts large particles of chips to prevent them from entering the recovery pump and causing blockage.

[0031] Gas-liquid separation: The gas-liquid recovery pipe 32 adopts an inverted Y-shaped structure, with two branches at the bottom connected to the air pump 34. The gas-liquid separation diaphragm allows liquid to pass through and enter the recovery pump, while the gas is extracted by the air pump 34 and discharged from the exhaust port 14 through the exhaust pipe.

[0032] 2.3 Airflow guidance of the sloped reflow seat The separated gas enters the sloped reflux seat 13 through the exhaust pipe. This inclined structure guides the airflow to discharge smoothly, avoiding turbulence and secondary dispersion of cutting fluid droplets. The exhaust port 14 can be connected to the workshop exhaust system to ensure a pollution-free processing environment.

[0033] 3. Chip filtration and anti-blocking stage 3.1 First-level filtration The first filter 22 is made of stainless steel woven mesh to intercept metal chips with larger particle size. The filtered cutting fluid enters the recovery pump for recycling.

[0034] 3.2 Second level filtering Part of the cutting fluid enters the system from the reflux grooves on both sides of the workbench 2. The second filter 23 further filters smaller particles to ensure the cleanliness of the liquid.

[0035] 3.3 Dynamic anti-blocking mechanism Electric cylinder-driven extrusion assembly: Electric cylinder 24 activates at set intervals, pushing the extrusion head downward to compact the chips accumulated at the recovery port 21 into blocks, reducing adhesion to the filter. The compacted chips fall off due to their own weight and enter the waste chip collection box.

[0036] Rotating rollers crush chips: The height of the two rotating rollers is controlled by a lifting cylinder. They automatically drop during processing intervals and roll to crush the chips, breaking them and passing them through the filter to avoid clogging.

[0037] 4. Cutting fluid cooling and circulation stage 4.1 Refrigerator temperature control The recovery box 3 is embedded with a refrigerator 31, which automatically starts when the cutting fluid temperature exceeds a set value and cools the fluid to a suitable temperature. The heat dissipation end of the refrigerator is flush with the outer wall of the recovery box 3, and cooling is assisted by a cooling fan.

[0038] 4.2 Bubble disturbance to enhance heat dissipation Part of the airflow from the air pump 34 is directed to the bottom of the recovery box 3, where it generates tiny bubbles through the microporous aeration tube, increasing the contact area between the cutting fluid and the air and accelerating heat dissipation. The bubble agitation also prevents impurities from settling and maintains the uniformity of the cutting fluid.

[0039] 4.3 Cutting fluid recirculation The cooled cutting fluid is pumped back to the cutting fluid nozzle 12 by the recovery pump through the delivery pipe 33, completing the closed loop circulation. The system is equipped with a flow sensor to ensure stable supply.

[0040] 5. Automatic control of the system PLC / CNC integrated control: The air pump 34, recovery pump, electric cylinder 24, and cooler 31 are all centrally controlled by the CNC system, achieving fully automatic operation. The cutting fluid flow rate and negative pressure intensity can be dynamically adjusted according to machining parameters.

[0041] Fault monitoring and alarm: A pressure sensor monitors filter blockage, triggering automatic cleaning or an alarm. A temperature sensor provides real-time feedback on the cutting fluid status to ensure machining stability.

[0042] 6. Summary of the work process, see Table 1 below for details Table 1 Summary of work process 7. Practical Application Examples Take aluminum alloy high-speed milling as an example: The spindle speed is 12000 RPM, the feed rate is 5m / min, and the demand for cutting fluid is large.

[0043] The air pump 34 recovers the cutting fluid quickly at a set negative pressure to avoid the accumulation of aluminum chips.

[0044] The refrigerator 31 keeps the cutting fluid temperature within an appropriate range to prevent thermal deformation of the aluminum alloy.

[0045] The chips are compacted regularly to ensure continuous processing for 8 hours without cleaning.

[0046] 8. Conclusion The present invention realizes the efficient management and reuse of cutting fluid through three core technologies: gas-liquid coordinated recovery, dynamic anti-blocking filtration, and intelligent temperature control circulation. It is suitable for high-precision, high-load processing scenarios and has significant energy-saving, environmental protection and economic benefits.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a top seat (1) and a workbench (2) arranged in the top seat (1), a base (4) being installed at the bottom of the top seat (1), and a recovery box (3) being installed between the base (4) and the top seat (1), characterized in that: A processing assembly (11) is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the top seat (1), and the processing assembly (11) is connected through a multi-axis linkage mechanism to achieve linear displacement in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions. A cutting fluid nozzle (12) is installed at the corner of the inner cavity top of the top seat (1) and is opposite to the processing area of ​​the workbench (2). A recovery chamber is opened in the recovery box (3), and a recovery pump is built in the recovery chamber. The output end of the recovery pump is connected to a plurality of cutting fluid nozzles (12). A recovery port (21) communicating with the inner cavity of the recovery box (3) is provided through the bottom of the working area of ​​the platform (2), a first filter (22) is embedded in the recovery port (21), a gas-liquid recovery pipe (32) is installed at the recovery port of the recovery box (3), and two air pumps (34) are also embedded in the recovery box (3), the input ends of the two air pumps (34) are both communicated with the other two output ports of the gas-liquid recovery pipe (32), and a gas-liquid separation diaphragm is sealed and installed at the connection point.

2. The centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sloped reflux seats (13) are vertically fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the top seat (1), and the two sloped reflux seats (13) are axially symmetrically distributed with respect to the workbench (2). The tops of the two sloped reflux seats (13) are each provided with an exhaust port (14) respectively connected to the output ends of the two air pumps (34).

3. The centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the workbench (2) are provided with reflux grooves connected to the input end of the gas-liquid recovery pipe (32), and the notches of the two reflux grooves are both embedded with a second filter screen (23) fixedly installed therein.

4. The centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two extrusion assemblies are installed on the top of the workbench (2) and are symmetrically distributed about the center of the recovery port (21). The two extrusion assemblies each include an electric cylinder (24) fixedly installed on the top of the workbench (2), and the output ends of the two electric cylinders (24) are connected to an extrusion head that is telescopically extended above the recovery port (21).

5. The centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four lifting cylinders are vertically fixedly installed on the top of the workbench (2), and the output ends of the four lifting cylinders are all installed with bearing seats. Two mutually parallel rotating rollers (25) are arranged above the recovery port (21), and the two rotating rollers (25) are rotatably installed with corresponding bearing seats respectively.

6. The centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: A refrigerator (31) is also embedded and installed in the recovery chamber, and a heat dissipation end of the refrigerator (31) is flush with the outer side wall of the recovery box (3).

7. The centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid recovery pipe (32) is an inverted Y-shaped structure, the top of the gas-liquid recovery pipe (32) is flush with the cavity bottom of the recovery port (21), and the other two ports of the gas-liquid recovery pipe (32) are respectively flush with the corresponding air pump (34) input ends.

8. The centralized recovery and filtration device for cutting fluid of CNC machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: A delivery pipe (33) is connected between the two output ends of the recovery pump and the corresponding cutting fluid nozzle (12), and the two delivery pipes (33) are embedded and installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the top seat (1). An exhaust pipe is connected between the output ends of the two air pumps (34) and the corresponding exhaust ports (14), and the exhaust pipe is arranged in the slope reflux seat (13).

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