Low-cost and high-efficiency processing technique for infrared lens

Abstract

The invention provides an infrared lens low-cost efficient machining process method which comprises the steps that S100, pre-forming machining is conducted, specifically, an infrared lens blank is subjected to forming machining, the outer circle of the blank meets the completion technical requirement, and the outer circle and the surface of a lens are formed through one-time clamping; s200, precision turning is conducted, specifically, the surface of the blank treated in the step S100 is turned with the outer circle as the standard, so that the surface shape precision is improved, and the surface quality is optimized; s300, high-speed polishing is conducted, specifically, high-speed polishing equipment is adopted for polishing the surface of the lens treated in the step S200, and the surface shape of the surface meets the preset technical index requirement; and S400, trimming and polishing: trimming and polishing the surface of the lens treated in the step S300, so that surface defects meet preset technical index requirements. According to the machining process method, optical technical indexes are decomposed, and the machining process method has the advantages of being capable of machining a plurality of parts at the same time, low in cost and high in efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of optical processing technology, and in particular to a low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses. Background Art

[0002] Optical lens processing often adopts traditional technology, which requires multiple processes such as rough grinding, fine grinding, polishing and centering and edging. In addition, the surface accuracy and surface defect indicators need to be controlled synchronously in the same process. At the same time, the center deviation indicator is mainly guaranteed by edge thickness difference control and centering and edging processes. The processing process is complex and has high requirements for operation.

[0003] Conventional processing techniques can ensure that optical indicators such as surface quality and surface accuracy meet technical requirements, but they are relatively costly and require relatively fixed processing times, making them unsuitable for mass production of lenses. To meet the needs of large-scale production, a process with lower processing costs and higher processing efficiency is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desired to provide a low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] This application provides a low-cost and efficient processing method for infrared lenses, including: S100: Pre-forming processing: forming the infrared lens blank so that the outer circle of the blank meets the technical requirements of the finished product, and the outer circle and the lens surface are formed by one-time clamping; S200: Precision turning: Turning the surface of the blank processed in step S100 based on the outer circle to improve the surface accuracy and optimize the surface quality; S300: high-speed polishing: polishing the lens surface processed in step S200 with a high-speed polishing device so that the surface shape meets the preset technical index requirements; S400: Repair and polishing: Perform repair and polishing on the lens surface processed in step S300 to make the surface defects meet the preset technical index requirements.

[0006] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, in step S100, the pre-forming process is carried out by a milling machine, and the thickness difference of the lens edge after processing is controlled within 0.002~0.01mm, and the runout between the outer circle and the lens surface is controlled within 0.003~0.01mm.

[0007] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, in step S200, precision cutting processing is performed using a precision lathe, including: first turning the first surface of the lens with the outer circle and the second surface as references, the first surface is concave, and the second surface is convex; then turning the second surface with the platform on the same side of the outer circle and the first surface as references, so that the rotation axes of the outer circle, the first surface and the second surface coincide, and the second surface is convex.

[0008] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, in step S200, after precision cutting, the surface roughness of the lens is less than or equal to 14 nm, and the center deviation is controlled to be less than or equal to 30".

[0009] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, in step S300, high-speed polishing is performed using a high-speed polishing machine, and the surface removal amount meets 0.01±0.005 mm.

[0010] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, in step S400, the repair and polishing process adopts a classical polishing process to make the surface defects of the lens reach IR-V level.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the material of the infrared lens is single crystal germanium or CVD ZnSe.

[0012] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, in step S300, the duration of the high-speed polishing process is controlled to be 3 to 4 minutes.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, in step S400, the duration of the polishing process is controlled to be 2 to 3 minutes.

[0014] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application combines the advantages of high-speed polishing and classical polishing, decomposes the important technical indicators of optical lens surface shape and surface defects into high-speed polishing steps and repair polishing steps, which has more cost and operational advantages than the separate control of two indicators in the traditional processing process, and improves processing efficiency; by converting the center deviation index control into the clamping reference conversion, it has more cost and operational advantages than the edge thickness difference control and centering edge grinding method in the traditional processing process, and further improves processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of the low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses provided in Example 1; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the infrared lens processed in Example 2.

[0016] Figure numbers: 1, first surface; 2, second surface; 3, platform; 4, outer circle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the relevant invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only portions relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0018] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for an infrared lens, including: S100: Pre-forming processing: forming the infrared lens blank so that the outer circle 4 of the blank meets the finishing technical requirements, and the outer circle 4 and the lens surface are formed by one-time clamping.

[0020] Specifically, in step S100, a blank material that meets the infrared lens processing requirements is first selected and initially shaped using appropriate processing equipment and tools. During processing, the blank is fixed using an integrated clamping method, so that the processing of the outer circle 4 and the initial shaping of the lens surface are completed in the same clamping state. This avoids positioning errors caused by multiple clamping, ensures that the size, roundness, and other parameters of the blank outer circle 4 meet the technical standards for final completion, and simultaneously ensures a stable and precise relative positional relationship between the outer circle 4 and the lens surface, providing a reliable reference form for subsequent processing steps.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S100, the pre-forming process is performed by a milling machine, and the thickness difference of the lens edge after processing is controlled to be 0.002-0.01 mm, and the runout between the outer circle 4 and the lens surface is controlled to be 0.003-0.01 mm.

[0022] Specifically, during the pre-forming process in step S100, a milling machine is selected as the processing equipment. This equipment provides stable rotational speed and feed accuracy, adapted to the material properties and processing requirements of the infrared lens blank. During processing, the blank is securely mounted on the milling machine's work surface, and the milling tool of the milling machine simultaneously forms the outer diameter 4 and the surface of the blank.

[0023] After processing is completed, the edge thickness difference of the lens is tested to ensure that it is within the range of 0.002~0.01mm to ensure the thickness uniformity of each position of the lens edge; at the same time, the runout between the outer circle 4 and the lens surface is calibrated by precision measuring tools to control the runout within 0.003~0.01mm to ensure the coaxiality and relative position stability between the outer circle 4 and the lens surface, laying a precise benchmark foundation for subsequent processes.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S100, the duration of the preforming process is controlled to be 5 to 7 minutes.

[0025] Furthermore, the material of the infrared lens is single crystal germanium or CVD ZnSe.

[0026] S200: Precision turning: The surface of the blank processed in step S100 is turned based on the outer circle 4 to improve the surface shape accuracy and optimize the surface quality.

[0027] Specifically, in step S200, when entering the precision turning step, the blank's surface is machined through precise turning operations, using the pre-formed blank's outer diameter 4 as a positioning reference. During the turning process, based on the lens surface design, the turning tool's motion trajectory and cutting parameters are precisely controlled to gradually remove excess material from the blank's surface, significantly improving surface shape accuracy while reducing surface micro-undulations and defects, optimizing surface finish and other quality characteristics, and preparing for the subsequent polishing process.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S200, precision cutting processing is performed using a precision lathe, including: first turning the first surface 1 of the lens with the outer circle 4 and the second surface 2 as references, the first surface 1 is a concave surface, and the second surface 2 is a convex surface; then turning the second surface 2 with the platform on the same side of the outer circle 4 and the first surface 1 as reference, so that the rotation axes of the outer circle 4, the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 coincide, and the second surface 2 is a convex surface.

[0029] Specifically, in step S200, the preformed blank is first clamped and fixed, and the outer circle 4 of the blank and the second surface 2 are used as positioning references. The first surface 1 ( Figure 2 During the turning process, the cutting depth, feed rate, and spindle speed of the tool are strictly controlled to ensure that the concave surface of the first surface 1 meets the design curvature requirements.

[0030] After the turning of the first surface 1 is completed, the blank is clamped stably, and the positioning reference is switched to the outer circle 4 and the platform 3 around the same side of the first surface 1 that has been machined. Figure 2Through precise positioning using dual datums, the rotation axes of the outer circle 4, first surface 1, and second surface 2 are aligned, ensuring the coaxiality of the three parts and laying a good foundation for the subsequent polishing process.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S200 , after precision cutting, the surface roughness of the lens is less than or equal to 14 nm, and the center deviation is controlled to be less than or equal to 30″.

[0032] Specifically, in step S200, the surface roughness of the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 of the lens is tested using a high-precision surface roughness measuring instrument. It can be detected that the surface roughness after precision cutting is better than 14 nm. This level of precision can effectively reduce the processing burden of subsequent polishing steps and lay the foundation for achieving efficient polishing.

[0033] Furthermore, specialized optical center deviation measurement equipment is used to test the critical indicator of center deviation. By placing the lens on the measuring device and utilizing optical alignment principles, the deviation angle between the lens' optical axis and the reference axis is precisely measured to ensure that this center deviation is within a range of 30° or less. This ensures that the lens' optical performance meets design requirements and prevents degradation of image quality due to excessive center deviation.

[0034] Furthermore, in step S200, the total duration of the precision cutting process is controlled within 14 to 16 minutes.

[0035] S300: High-speed polishing: Use high-speed polishing equipment to polish the lens surface processed in step S200 so that the surface shape meets the preset technical index requirements.

[0036] Specifically, in step S300, during the high-speed polishing process, the precision-turned lens is placed in a high-speed polishing machine. Using high-speed relative motion between the polishing tool and the lens surface, along with a suitable polishing medium, the lens surface is further refined. The mechanical and chemical effects of this high-speed motion gradually eliminate subtle traces left by the turning process, bringing the surface shape closer to the ideal design, ensuring that its surface parameters meet preset technical specifications, and ultimately improving the lens's optical performance.

[0037] Furthermore, in step S300, high-speed polishing is performed using a high-speed polishing machine, and the surface removal amount is about 0.01±0.005 mm.

[0038] Specifically, in step S300, the precision-turned lens is positioned and mounted on the workbench of a high-speed polishing machine using specialized fixtures. This ensures precise alignment between the lens surface to be polished and the working surface of the polishing tool. Based on the lens material properties and surface condition, an appropriate polishing pad and polishing fluid are selected as the polishing medium. The high-speed polishing machine drives the polishing tool and lens surface into high-speed relative motion, utilizing the synergistic effect of mechanical abrasion and chemical action to remove surface material. Throughout the high-speed polishing process, precise equipment control and real-time monitoring ensure a stable surface removal rate within a range of 0.01±0.005mm.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S300, the duration of the high-speed polishing process is controlled to be 3 to 4 minutes.

[0040] S400: Repair and polishing: Perform repair and polishing on the lens surface processed in step S300 so that the surface defects meet the preset technical index requirements.

[0041] Specifically, in step S400, the finishing step, as the final fine-tuning step in the manufacturing process, performs a more detailed finishing and polishing on the lens surface after high-speed polishing. By employing appropriate finishing tools and processes, any minor surface imperfections are targeted. Through gentle and precise machining operations, these defects are gradually eliminated, keeping the degree of surface imperfections within the preset technical specifications, ultimately ensuring that the lens surface reaches a high-quality state that meets operational requirements.

[0042] Furthermore, in step S400, the polishing process adopts a classical polishing process to make the lens surface defects reach IR-V level.

[0043] Specifically, in the polishing process of step S400, the classical polishing process is used to fine-tune the lens surface after high-speed polishing. During the specific operation, the lens surface after high-speed polishing is first comprehensively inspected to identify the location and degree of possible defects such as tiny scratches, spots, and depressions. Subsequently, according to the distribution of defects, the action area and force of the polishing tool are adjusted to ensure that the polishing mold forms a uniform and appropriate contact with the lens surface. During the polishing process, by controlling the particle size and concentration of the polishing powder and the supply amount of the lubricating medium, the synergistic effect of mechanical friction and chemical corrosion is utilized to gradually improve the surface defect level. After the classical polishing process, the lens surface is inspected again to ensure that the surface defects reach the IR-V level, that is, there are no obvious defects on the surface that affect the optical performance, meet the high-precision requirements of the infrared lens for surface quality, and provide reliable protection for the optical imaging effect of the lens.

[0044] Furthermore, in step S400, the duration of the polishing process is controlled to be 2 to 3 minutes.

[0045] Example 2 This embodiment repeats the processing technology of Example 1 by taking the process of processing a single crystal germanium curved moon lens as an example.

[0046] refer to Figure 2 In this embodiment, the lens is made of germanium and has a diameter of , the effective aperture of the first surface 1 , center thickness , the first surface 1 sagittal height , the radius of the first surface 1 , the radius of the second surface 2 , surface defects IR-V, spherical aperture , spherical local aperture , center deviation is 30″.

[0047] The specific processing steps are as follows: The first step is pre-forming. A milling machine is used to precisely shape the blank, achieving the desired finish with the outer diameter (4) and the surface assembled in one go. At this point, the lens edge thickness difference can be controlled to 0.005mm, and the runout between the outer diameter (4) and the lens surface can be controlled to 0.002mm. The processing time is approximately 6 minutes.

[0048] The second step is precision turning. The lens surface is turned using a precision lathe: First, the first surface 1 is turned with the outer circle 4 and the second surface 2 as the reference; then, the second surface 2 is turned with the outer circle 4 and the platform 3 on the side of the lens on the first surface 1 as the reference. The turning process is carried out through the reference conversion, and the outer circle 4, the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 are coincident with the rotation axis, ensuring that the center deviation is less than 30". At this time, the center thickness , the surface roughness is 14nm, , the surface shape is low circle, and the processing time is about 15 minutes.

[0049] The third step is high-speed polishing. Use a high-speed polishing machine to polish the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 of the lens, the aperture , spherical local aperture The removal amount is about 0.015mm, and the surface is evenly removed. The processing time is about 3 to 4 minutes.

[0050] The fourth step is polishing. Use the classical method to polish the spherical surface, and remove surface defects. It is IR-V, and the processing time is about 2 to 3 minutes.

[0051] Experimental verification shows that the processing method provided by the present invention reduces the processing time per piece to 27 minutes. Conventional processing of the lens takes 160 minutes per piece, while advanced manufacturing processes (such as ultra-precision turning) reduce the processing time per piece to 72 minutes. The processing method provided by the present invention significantly improves processing efficiency.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention herein is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses, characterized in that: include: S100: Pre-forming processing: forming the infrared lens blank so that the outer circle (4) of the blank meets the technical requirements of the finished product, and the outer circle (4) and the lens surface are formed by one-time clamping; S200: Precision turning: turning the surface of the blank processed in step S100 with the outer circle (4) as the reference to improve the surface shape accuracy and optimize the surface quality; S300: high-speed polishing: polishing the lens surface processed in step S200 with a high-speed polishing device so that the surface shape meets the preset technical index requirements; S400: Repair and polishing: Perform repair and polishing on the lens surface processed in step S300 to make the surface defects meet the preset technical index requirements.

2. The low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S100, the preforming process is performed by a milling machine, and after processing, the edge thickness difference of the lens is controlled to be 0.002~0.01mm, and the runout of the outer circle (4) and the lens surface is controlled to be 0.003~0.01mm.

3. The low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S200, precision cutting is performed using a precision lathe, including: firstly, turning the first surface (1) of the lens using the outer circle (4) and the second surface (2) as references, wherein the first surface (1) is a concave surface and the second surface (2) is a convex surface; and then, turning the second surface (2) using the platform on the same side of the outer circle (4) and the first surface (1) as references, so that the rotation axes of the outer circle (4), the first surface (1) and the second surface (2) coincide with each other.

4. The low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S200 , after precision cutting, the surface roughness of the lens is less than or equal to 14 nm, and the center deviation is controlled to be less than or equal to 30″.

5. The low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S300, high-speed polishing is performed using a high-speed polishing machine, and the surface removal amount meets 0.01±0.005 mm.

6. The low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S400, the polishing process uses a classical polishing process to make the lens surface defects reach IR-V level.

7. The low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material of the infrared lens is single crystal germanium or CVD ZnSe.

8. The low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S300, the duration of the high-speed polishing process is controlled to be 3 to 4 minutes.

9. The low-cost and high-efficiency processing method for infrared lenses according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S400, the duration of the polishing process is controlled to be 2 to 3 minutes.

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