Scanning device for intelligent flaw detection rail engineering vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a scanning device for an intelligent flaw detection rail engineering vehicle, which comprises a scanning mounting plate, a rail head scanning assembly, a rail bottom cleaning assembly and a rail bottom scanning assembly, and is characterized in that the scanning mounting plate is positioned above any rail bar and can move along the rail bar; the rail head scanning assembly is arranged between the scanning mounting plate and the rail bar and fixedly connected with the scanning mounting plate, the rail head scanning assembly is controlled by the control module to scan a rail head and feed back scanning information to the control module to be processed, and the rail bottom cleaning assembly is controlled by the control module to clean the side face of a rail bottom welding seam. The at least two rail bottom cleaning assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the scanning installation plate correspondingly. The side surface of the rail bottom is automatically cleaned and then scanned, the structural design is reasonable and compact, the impurity interference of the two side surfaces of the rail bottom is avoided, on one hand, the detection precision is improved, and on the other hand, the influence of impurities on the service life of the rail bottom is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a scanning device used for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle. Background Art

[0002] To meet the requirements of my country's economic development, rail transit in my country is currently experiencing a period of rapid growth and prosperity. Modern rails are typically constructed by welding multiple rails together. To ensure weld quality and rail transit safety, flaw detection (NDT) of welded areas is necessary. During actual inspections, impurities such as ballast gravel and metal debris are often scattered on both sides of the rail bottom. These foreign objects form an interference layer between the probe and the rail surface, causing abnormal reflections of ultrasonic signals. However, existing NDT instruments are unable to effectively eliminate this impurity interference, resulting in fluctuations in detection accuracy and increased misjudgment rates, posing potential risks to the safe operation of rail transit. Therefore, existing technologies still need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on rail engineering vehicles.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle, comprising a scanning mounting plate, a rail head scanning assembly, a rail bottom cleaning assembly, and a rail bottom scanning assembly. The scanning mounting plate is positioned above any rail and can move along the rail. The rail head scanning assembly is arranged between the scanning mounting plate and the rail and is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate. The rail head scanning assembly is controlled by a control module to scan the rail head and feed back the scanning information to the control module for processing. The rail bottom cleaning assembly is controlled by the control module to clean the side of the rail bottom weld. There are at least two rail bottom cleaning assemblies, which are respectively arranged on the scanning mounting plate and the rail bottom. On both sides of the mounting plate, the rail bottom cleaning assembly includes an electric head, a flexible polishing wheel, an electric head mounting plate, and a vertical drive mechanism. The electric head and the flexible polishing wheel are arranged on the bottom surface of the electric head mounting plate. The vertical drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate, and the output end is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate to drive the electric head mounting plate to move up and down. The output end of the electric head is connected to the flexible polishing wheel to drive the flexible polishing wheel to rotate, and cleans the corresponding side of the rail bottom as the scanning mounting plate moves. The rail bottom scanning assembly is controlled by the control module to scan the corresponding side of the rail bottom after cleaning, and feeds back the scanning information to the control module for processing.

[0005] Furthermore, the rail head scanning assembly includes a transmission mechanism, a movable base plate, a rail head phased-control probe, a serial flaw detection head 1, a serial flaw detection head 2, and a straight probe. The movable base plates have two and are respectively slidably matched with the scanning mounting plate, and are driven by the transmission mechanism to move toward and away from each other along the moving direction of the scanning mounting plate. The rail head phased-control probes have two and are respectively arranged at one end away from each other on the bottom surfaces of the two movable base plates. The serial flaw detection head 1 and the serial flaw detection head 2 each have two and are respectively arranged on the bottom surfaces of the two movable base plates. The straight probe is arranged on the bottom surface of one of the movable base plates. The rail head phased-control probe, the serial flaw detection head 1, the serial flaw detection head 2, and the straight probe are arranged along the moving direction of the scanning mounting plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a synchronous belt, and a driving motor. There is at least one driving pulley and multiple driven pulleys. The driving pulley and the driven pulley are arranged in a quadrilateral distribution on the bottom surface of the scanning mounting plate. The synchronous belt is sleeved on the driving pulley and the driven pulley. The two movable base plates are respectively fixedly connected to the belt surfaces on both sides of the synchronous belt. The driving motor is used in conjunction with the driving pulley to drive the synchronous belt to rotate forward or reverse, thereby driving the two movable base plates to move toward and away from each other along the moving direction of the scanning mounting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the tandem flaw detection head 1 and the tandem flaw detection head 2 work in a dual mode of one transmission and one reception or in a single mode of self-transmission and self-reception.

[0008] Furthermore, the rail head phased control probe is fixedly connected to the rail head mounting plate, and the rail head mounting plate is connected to the movable base plate by a plug screw 1. There is relative movement between the rail head mounting plate and the movable base plate. A spring 1 is provided on the outer sleeve of the plug screw 1, and the two ends of the spring 1 are respectively against the rail head mounting plate and the movable base plate. The serial flaw detection head 1, the serial flaw detection head 2, and the straight probe are connected to the movable base plate through the probe limit block. The serial flaw detection head 1, the serial flaw detection head 2, and the straight probe are respectively provided with a spring 2 on the upper sleeve to provide downward pressure to each probe.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical drive mechanism includes a fixed plate, a guide rod, a linear bearing, and an electric cylinder. The fixed plate is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate. The guide rod is vertically arranged and slidingly connected to the fixed plate through a linear bearing, and one end is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate. The electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, and the output end passes through the fixed plate and is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate to drive the electric head mounting plate to move up and down along the axis of the guide rod.

[0010] Furthermore, there are at least two rail bottom scanning components, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the scanning mounting plate. The rail bottom scanning components include a rotating block, a second electric cylinder, a third mounting plate, a rail bottom phased probe, and a second vertical drive mechanism. The rotating block and the second electric cylinder are arranged on the lower end surface of the third mounting plate. The output end of the second electric cylinder is connected to the rotating block and drives the rotating block to rotate around the axis. The rail bottom phased probe is arranged on the bottom surface of the rotating block. The second vertical drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate, and the output end is fixedly connected to the third mounting plate to drive the third mounting plate to move up and down.

[0011] Furthermore, the second vertical drive mechanism includes a second fixed plate, a second guide rod, a second linear bearing, and a third electric cylinder. The second fixed plate is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate. The second guide rod is vertically arranged and slidingly connected to the second fixed plate through the second linear bearing, and one end is fixedly connected to the third mounting plate. The third electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the second fixed plate, and the output end passes through the second fixed plate and is fixedly connected to the third mounting plate to drive the third mounting plate to move up and down along the axis of the second guide rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the rail bottom phased probe is fixedly connected to the mounting block, and the mounting block is connected to the rotating block through a second plug screw. There is relative movement between the mounting block and the rotating block. A spring three is provided on the outer sleeve of the second plug screw, and the two ends of the spring three are respectively against the mounting block and the rotating block.

[0013] Furthermore, the scanning mounting plate is connected to the frame through a moving component, and the moving component includes a linear moving mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The linear moving mechanism is connected to the frame, and the moving end is connected to the lifting mechanism. The linear moving mechanism is controlled by the control module to drive the lifting mechanism to move in a direction perpendicular to the rails on both sides. The lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the scanning mounting plate and controlled by the control module to drive the scanning mounting plate to move up and down. Rail limit blocks that cooperate with the rail positioning are provided at both ends of the lower wall of the scanning mounting plate. The frame is arranged astride the rails and can be driven by a driving device to move forward or backward along the rails. The driving device is connected to the control module.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are as follows: the present invention adopts the automated operation of "cleaning first and then scanning" for the side surfaces of the rail bottom, and the structural design is reasonable and compact, which avoids the interference of impurities on both sides of the rail bottom. On the one hand, it improves the detection accuracy, and on the other hand, it reduces the impact of impurities on the service life of the rail bottom. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the rail head scanning assembly involved in this solution; Figure 3A three-dimensional diagram of the rail bottom cleaning assembly involved in this solution; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the rail bottom scanning component involved in this solution.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the mobile components and scanning device involved in this solution; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent flaw detection rail engineering vehicle involved in this solution. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention is a scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle, the scanning device includes a scanning mounting plate 1, a rail head scanning component 1000, a rail bottom cleaning component 2000, and a rail bottom scanning component 3000. The scanning mounting plate 1 is positioned above any rail and can move along the rail. The rail head scanning component 1000 is arranged between the scanning mounting plate 1 and the rail and is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate 1. The rail head scanning component 1000 is controlled by a control module to scan the rail head and feed back the scanning information to the control module for processing. The rail bottom cleaning component 2000 is controlled by the control module to clean the side of the rail bottom weld. There are at least two rail bottom cleaning components 2000, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the scanning mounting plate 1. The rail bottom cleaning component 2000 includes an electric head 2001, a flexible polishing wheel 2002, an electric head mounting plate 2003, and a vertical drive mechanism 2001. 100, the electric head 2001 and the flexible polishing wheel 2002 are arranged on the bottom surface of the electric head mounting plate 2003, the vertical driving mechanism 2100 is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate 1, and the output end is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate 2003 to drive the electric head mounting plate 2003 to move up and down, the output end of the electric head 2001 is connected to the flexible polishing wheel 2002 to drive the flexible polishing wheel 2002 to rotate, and clean the corresponding side of the rail bottom as the scanning mounting plate 1 moves, the rail bottom scanning component 3000 is controlled by the control module to scan the corresponding side of the rail bottom after cleaning, and feed back the scanning information to the control module for processing; the present invention adopts the automated operation of "cleaning first and then scanning" for the side of the rail bottom, the structural design is reasonable and compact, and the interference of impurities on both sides of the rail bottom is avoided. On the one hand, it improves the detection accuracy, and on the other hand, it reduces the influence of impurities on the service life of the rail bottom.

[0018] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the rail head scanning assembly 1000 in this embodiment includes a transmission mechanism 1100, a movable base plate 1001, a rail head phased probe 1002, a serial flaw detection head 1 1003, a serial flaw detection head 2 1004, and a straight probe 1005. The bottom surface of the scanning mounting plate 1 is provided with a slide rail 1011 along the moving direction of the scanning mounting plate 1. The movable base plate 1001 has two slide rails 1011 and is driven by the transmission mechanism 1100 to move toward and away from each other along the axis of the slide rail 1011. There are two control probes 1002, which are respectively arranged at one end of the bottom surface of the two movable base plates 1001 away from each other. There are two serial flaw detection heads 1 1003 and two serial flaw detection heads 1004, which are respectively arranged at the bottom surface of the two movable base plates 1001. The straight probe 1005 is arranged on the bottom surface of one of the movable base plates 1001. The rail head phased probe 1002, serial flaw detection head 1 1003, serial flaw detection head 2 1004, and straight probe 1005 are arranged along the moving direction of the scanning mounting plate 1 and are respectively connected to the control module.

[0019] The rail head phased array probe 1002 in this embodiment generates a transverse fan scan during scanning, with the vertical direction obliquely incident on the rail head at 63.4° (K2.0), and the horizontal direction deflects approximately ±20° to the left and right to form a fan-shaped surface, thereby detecting defects in the rail head that are close to the vertical direction.

[0020] In addition, the straight probe 1005 in this embodiment is responsible for penetration detection. When the serial flaw detection head 1003 and the serial flaw detection head 1004 work in a dual mode of one transmission and one reception, the serial flaw detection head 1003 and the serial flaw detection head 1004 constitute a serial mode, and the serial flaw detection head 1003 and the serial flaw detection head 1004 perform serial scanning on the rail head, rail waist and rail bottom vertical defects. When the serial flaw detection head 1003 and the serial flaw detection head 1004 work in a single mode of self-transmission and self-reception, the serial flaw detection head 1003 and the serial flaw detection head 1004 perform single-probe detection on the rail waist and rail bottom.

[0021] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the transmission mechanism 1100 in this embodiment includes a driving pulley 1101, a driven pulley 1102, a synchronous belt 1103, and a driving motor 1104. There is at least one driving pulley 1101 and a plurality of driven pulleys 1102. The driving pulley 1101 and the driven pulley 1102 are arranged in a quadrilateral on the bottom surface of the scanning mounting plate 1. The synchronous belt 1103 is sleeved on the driving pulley 1101 and the driven pulley 1102. The two moving base plates 1001 are fixedly connected to the belt surfaces on both sides of the synchronous belt 1103 respectively. The driving motor 1104 is used in conjunction with the driving pulley 1101 and is controlled by the control module to drive the synchronous belt 1103 to rotate forward or reverse, thereby driving the two moving base plates 1001 to move toward and away from each other along the axis direction of the slide rail 1011; when scanning, the scanning The inspection mounting plate 1 is positioned at one end of the detected weld, the control module controls the driving motor 1104 to rotate forward, and drives the two movable base plates 1001 to move toward each other along the axis direction of the slide rail 1011, and the rail head phased probe 1002, serial flaw detection head 1003, serial flaw detection head 2 1004, and straight probe 1005 move with the movable base plate 1001 to scan one end of the rail head weld. After the scanning is completed, the control module controls the scanning mounting plate 1 to move to the other end of the weld and controls the driving motor 1104 to rotate in the opposite direction. The control module then controls the driving motor 1104 to rotate forward, and the rail head phased probe 1002, serial flaw detection head 1003, serial flaw detection head 2 1004, and straight probe 1005 move with the movable base plate 1001 to scan the other end of the rail head weld.

[0022] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the rail head phased probe 1002 in this embodiment is fixedly connected to the rail head mounting plate 1006, and the rail head mounting plate 1006 is connected to the movable base plate 1001 through a screw 1007. There is relative movement between the rail head mounting plate 1006 and the movable base plate 1001. The outer sleeve of the screw 1007 is provided with a spring 1008. The two ends of the spring 1008 are respectively against the rail head mounting plate 1006 and the movable base plate 1001. The flaw detection head 1003, the serial flaw detection head 1004 and the straight probe 1005 are connected to the movable base plate 1001 through the probe limit block 1009. The serial flaw detection head 1003, the serial flaw detection head 1004 and the straight probe 1005 are respectively provided with a spring 2 1010 for providing downward pressure to each probe. The setting of the spring 1008 and the spring 2 1010 makes each probe fit tightly with the rail head detection surface through the spring pressure.

[0023] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 3As shown, the vertical drive mechanism 12100 in this embodiment includes a fixed plate 12101, a guide rod 12102, a linear bearing 12103, and an electric cylinder 12104. The fixed plate 12101 is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate 1. The guide rod 12102 is vertically arranged and slidably connected to the fixed plate 12101 through a linear bearing 12103, and one end is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate 2003. The electric cylinder 12104 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 12101, and the output end passes through the fixed plate 12101 and is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate 2003 to drive the electric head mounting plate 2003 along the guide plate 12103. The axis of rod 1 2102 moves up and down; during cleaning, the control module controls the electric cylinder 1 2104 to drive the electric head mounting plate 2003 to move downward along the guide rod 1 2102, so that the flexible polishing wheel 2002 drops to the polishing height, and the control module controls the electric head 2001 to drive the flexible polishing wheel 2002 to rotate, and controls the movement of the scanning mounting plate 1 to achieve cleaning of the corresponding side of the rail bottom; at the same time, a sensor 1 is provided on the fixed plate 1 2101, and the sensor 1 is connected to the control circuit and is used to measure the distance that the electric cylinder 1 2104 drives the electric head mounting plate 2003 to move up and down along the guide rod 1 2102.

[0024] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, there are at least two rail bottom scanning assemblies 3000, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the scanning mounting plate 1. In this figure, there are four rail bottom scanning assemblies 3000, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the scanning mounting plate 1. The rail bottom scanning assembly 3000 includes a rotary block 3001, a second electric cylinder 3002, a rail bottom mounting plate 3003, a rail bottom phased probe 3004, and a second vertical drive mechanism 3100. The rotary block 3001 and the second electric cylinder 3002 are arranged on the lower end surface of the rail bottom mounting plate 3003. The output end of the second electric cylinder 3002 is connected to the rotary block 3001. The rail bottom phased array probe 3004 is connected to and controlled by the control module to drive the rotary block 3001 to rotate around the axis. The rail bottom phased array probe 3004 is arranged on the bottom surface of the rotary block 3001. The combination of each rail bottom phased array probe 3004 generates a plurality of left and right deflection angle scans, and covers the rail bottom at a deflection angle to detect defects in the joint between the rail waist and the rail bottom. At the same time, the vertical drive mechanism 2 3100 is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate 1, and the output end of the vertical drive mechanism 2 3100 is fixedly connected to the rail bottom mounting plate 3003, and is controlled by the control module to drive the rail bottom mounting plate 3003 to move up and down.

[0025] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 4As shown, the vertical drive mechanism 2 3100 in this embodiment includes a fixed plate 2 3101, a guide rod 2 3102, a linear bearing 2 3103, and an electric cylinder 3104. The fixed plate 2 3101 is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate 1. The guide rod 2 3102 is vertically arranged and slidingly connected to the fixed plate 2 3101 through the linear bearing 2 3103, and one end is fixedly connected to the rail bottom mounting plate 3003. The electric cylinder 3104 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 2 3101, and the output end passes through the fixed plate 2 3101 and is fixedly connected to the rail bottom mounting plate 3003 to drive the rail bottom mounting plate 3003 to move up and down along the axis of the guide rod 2 3102; and a sensor 2 is provided on the fixed plate 2 3101. The sensor 2 is connected to the control circuit and is used to measure the distance that the electric cylinder 3104 drives the rail bottom mounting plate 3003 to move up and down along the guide rod 2 3102.

[0026] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As shown, the rail bottom phased array probe 3004 in this embodiment is fixedly connected to the mounting block 3005, and the mounting block 3005 is connected to the rotary block 3001 by a second plug screw 3006. The mounting block 3005 and the rotary block 3001 can move relative to each other. A third spring 3007 is provided on the outer sleeve of the second plug screw 3006, and the two ends of the third spring 3007 are respectively abutted against the mounting block 3005 and the rotary block 3001. The setting of the third spring 3007 allows the rail bottom phased array probe 3004 to fit tightly against the rail bottom detection surface through the spring pressure.

[0027] When scanning, if Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As shown, the control module controls the electric cylinder 3 3104 to drive the rail bottom mounting plate 3003 to move downward along the axis of the guide rod 2 3102 to the scanning position (one end of the weld). The control module controls the electric cylinder 2 3002 to drive the rotary block 3001 and the rail bottom phased probe 3004 to rotate inward 30°. Each rail bottom phased probe 3004 combines to generate multiple left and right deflection angle scans, covering the rail bottom with deflection angles to detect defects in the joint between the rail waist and the rail bottom. After the scanning is completed, the control module controls the electric cylinder 3 3104 to drive the rail bottom mounting plate 3003 to move downward along the axis of the guide rod 2 3102 to the scanning position (one end of the weld). The bottom mounting plate 3003 moves upward along the axis of guide rod 2 3102 away from the scanning position, and controls the movement of the scanning mounting plate 1 so that the rail bottom scanning assembly 3000 is located at the other end of the weld. The control module controls the electric cylinder 3104 to drive the rail bottom mounting plate 3003 to move downward along the axis of guide rod 2 3102 to the scanning position. The control module controls the electric cylinder 2 3002 to drive the rotary block 3001 and the rail bottom phased array probe 3004 to rotate inward 30°, completing the scanning of the two side surfaces of the other end of the rail bottom weld by the rail bottom phased array probe 3004.

[0028] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6As shown, the scanning mounting plate 1 in this embodiment is connected to the frame 5000 through the moving assembly 4000. The moving assembly 4000 includes a linear moving mechanism 4100 and a lifting mechanism 4200. The linear moving mechanism 4100 is connected to the frame 5000, and the moving end is connected to the lifting mechanism 4200. The linear moving mechanism 4100 is controlled by the control module to drive the lifting mechanism 4200 to move in a direction perpendicular to the rails on both sides. The lifting end of the lifting mechanism 4200 is connected to the scanning mounting plate 1 and is controlled by the control module to drive The dynamic scanning installation plate 1 moves up and down, and the two ends of the lower wall of the scanning installation plate 1 are provided with rail limit blocks 2 that cooperate with the rail positioning. The frame 5000 is arranged astride the rail and can be driven by a driving device to move forward or backward along the rail. The driving device is connected to the control module; that is, when the detection device of the engineering vehicle detects a weld, the linear moving mechanism 4100 moves the scanning device to the top of the corresponding rail, and the lifting mechanism 4200 lowers the scanning installation plate 1 onto it. The rail limit block 2 cooperates with the rail to facilitate the scanning device to perform flaw detection on the weld.

[0029] Among them, Figure 6 As shown, the vehicle frame 5000 in this embodiment includes a frame body 5001 and frame wheels 5002 rotatably arranged at the four corners of the frame body 5001. The frame wheels 5002 can be driven by a servo motor to roll along the rails, thereby realizing forward or backward movement. At the same time, a GPS device can be set on the frame body 5001 to locate the position of the engineering vehicle in real time by GPS and record the mileage of the engineering movement, which is convenient for use by rail inspection personnel.

[0030] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle, characterized by: The invention comprises a scanning mounting plate (1), a rail head scanning assembly (1000), a rail bottom cleaning assembly (2000), and a rail bottom scanning assembly (3000), wherein the scanning mounting plate (1) is positioned above any rail and can move along the rail, the rail head scanning assembly (1000) is arranged between the scanning mounting plate (1) and the rail and is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate (1), the rail head scanning assembly (1000) is controlled by a control module to scan the rail head and feed back the scanning information to the control module for processing, the rail bottom cleaning assembly (2000) is controlled by the control module to clean the side of the rail bottom weld, the rail bottom cleaning assembly (2000) is at least two and is respectively arranged on both sides of the scanning mounting plate (1), and the rail bottom cleaning assembly (2000) comprises an electric head (2001), a flexible polishing wheel ( 2002), an electric head mounting plate (2003), and a vertical drive mechanism (2100). The electric head (2001) and the flexible polishing wheel (2002) are arranged on the bottom surface of the electric head mounting plate (2003). The vertical drive mechanism (2100) is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate (1), and the output end is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate (2003) to drive the electric head mounting plate (2003) to move up and down. The output end of the electric head (2001) is connected to the flexible polishing wheel (2002) to drive the flexible polishing wheel (2002) to rotate and clean the corresponding side of the rail bottom when the scanning mounting plate (1) moves. The rail bottom scanning component (3000) is controlled by the control module to scan the corresponding side of the rail bottom after cleaning, and feeds back the scanning information to the control module for processing.

2. The scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail head scanning assembly (1000) comprises a transmission mechanism (1100), a movable base plate (1001), a rail head phased probe (1002), a serial flaw detection head 1 (1003), a serial flaw detection head 2 (1004), and a straight probe (1005). The movable base plates (1001) have two and are respectively slidably matched with the scanning mounting plate (1) and driven by the transmission mechanism (1100) to move toward and away from each other along the moving direction of the scanning mounting plate (1). The rail head phased probe (1002) has two and is respectively The rail head phased probe (1002), the rail head phased probe (1002), the rail head phased probe (1003), the rail head phased probe (1004), the rail head phased probe (1002), the rail head phased probe (1003), the rail head phased probe (1004), and the rail head phased probe (1005) are arranged along the moving direction of the scanning mounting plate (1).

3. The scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (1100) comprises a driving pulley (1101), a driven pulley (1102), a synchronous belt (1103), and a driving motor (1104). There is at least one driving pulley (1101), and there are multiple driven pulleys (1102). The driving pulley (1101) and the driven pulley (1102) are arranged in a quadrilateral distribution on the bottom surface of the scanning installation plate (1). The synchronous belt (1103) is sleeved on the driving pulley (1101) and the driven pulley (1102). The two movable base plates (1001) are respectively fixedly connected to the belt surfaces on both sides of the synchronous belt (1103). The driving motor (1104) is used in conjunction with the driving pulley (1101) to drive the synchronous belt (1103) to rotate in a forward or reverse direction, thereby driving the two movable base plates (1001) to move toward and away from each other along the moving direction of the scanning installation plate (1).

4. The scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The serial flaw detection head 1 (1003) and the serial flaw detection head 2 (1004) work in a dual mode of one transmission and one reception or in a single mode of self-transmission and self-reception.

5. The scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The rail head phased probe (1002) is fixedly connected to the rail head mounting plate (1006), and the rail head mounting plate (1006) is connected to the movable base plate (1001) through a plug screw (1007). There is relative movement between the rail head mounting plate (1006) and the movable base plate (1001), and the outer sleeve of the plug screw (1007) is provided with a spring (1008), and the two ends of the spring (1008) are respectively connected to the rail head mounting plate ( 1006) and the movable base plate (1001) are offset against each other, and the serial flaw detection head 1 (1003), the serial flaw detection head 2 (1004), and the straight probe (1005) are connected to the movable base plate (1001) through the probe limit block (1009), and the serial flaw detection head 1 (1003), the serial flaw detection head 2 (1004), and the straight probe (1005) are respectively provided with a spring 2 (1010) for providing downward pressure to each probe.

6. The scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical drive mechanism (2100) comprises a fixed plate (2101), a guide rod (2102), a linear bearing (2103), and an electric cylinder (2104). The fixed plate (2101) is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate (1). The guide rod (2102) is vertically arranged and slidingly connected to the fixed plate (2101) through the linear bearing (2103), and one end is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate (2003). The electric cylinder (2104) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (2101), and the output end passes through the fixed plate (2101) and is fixedly connected to the electric head mounting plate (2003) to drive the electric head mounting plate (2003) to move up and down along the axis of the guide rod (2102).

7. The scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two rail bottom scanning assemblies (3000), which are respectively arranged on both sides of the scanning mounting plate (1). The rail bottom scanning assembly (3000) includes a rotating block (3001), a second electric cylinder (3002), a rail bottom mounting plate (3003), a rail bottom phased probe (3004), and a second vertical drive mechanism (3100). The rotating block (3001) and the second electric cylinder (3002) are arranged on the lower end surface of the rail bottom mounting plate (3003). The output end of the second electric cylinder (3002) is connected to the rotating block (3001) and drives the rotating block (3001) to rotate around the axis. The rail bottom phased probe (3004) is arranged on the bottom surface of the rotating block (3001). The second vertical drive mechanism (3100) is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate (1), and the output end is fixedly connected to the rail bottom mounting plate (3003) to drive the rail bottom mounting plate (3003) to move up and down.

8. The scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second vertical drive mechanism (3100) comprises a second fixed plate (3101), a second guide rod (3102), a second linear bearing (3103), and a third electric cylinder (3104). The second fixed plate (3101) is fixedly connected to the scanning mounting plate (1). The second guide rod (3102) is vertically arranged and slidably connected to the second fixed plate (3101) through the second linear bearing (3103), and one end is fixedly connected to the rail bottom mounting plate (3003). The third electric cylinder (3104) is fixedly connected to the second fixed plate (3101), and the output end passes through the second fixed plate (3101) and is fixedly connected to the rail bottom mounting plate (3003) to drive the rail bottom mounting plate (3003) to move up and down along the axis of the second guide rod (3102).

9. A scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The rail bottom phased probe (3004) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (3005), and the mounting block (3005) is connected to the rotary block (3001) via a second plug screw (3006). There is relative movement between the mounting block (3005) and the rotary block (3001), and a third spring (3007) is provided on the outer sleeve of the second plug screw (3006), and the two ends of the third spring (3007) are respectively against the mounting block (3005) and the rotary block (3001).

10. The scanning device for intelligent flaw detection on a rail engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scanning mounting plate (1) is connected to the vehicle frame (5000) via a moving assembly (4000). The moving assembly (4000) includes a linear moving mechanism (4100) and a lifting mechanism (4200). The linear moving mechanism (4100) is connected to the vehicle frame (5000), and the moving end is connected to the lifting mechanism (4200). The linear moving mechanism (4100) is controlled by a control module to drive the lifting mechanism (4200) to move in a direction perpendicular to the rails on both sides. The lifting end of the lifting mechanism (4200) is connected to the scanning mounting plate (1) and is controlled by the control module to drive the scanning mounting plate (1) to move up and down. Rail limit blocks (2) that are positioned and matched with the rails are provided at both ends of the lower wall of the scanning mounting plate (1). The vehicle frame (5000) is arranged astride the rails and can be driven by a driving device to move forward or backward along the rails. The driving device is connected to the control module.

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