A drilling device for underwater pile foundations of bridges

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment and discloses a drilling device for underwater bridge pile foundations. The device includes a drill bit assembly and a transmission rod assembly. The transmission rod assembly includes a rod body and a vibration and impact mechanism housed within the rod body. The drill bit assembly includes a drill head, a ring section, and a fin section. The ring section is fixedly connected to the top of a shaft body via at least two connecting rods. The drill head is fixed to the bottom of the shaft body. A crushing mechanism is also provided between the bottom of the connecting rods and the top of the fin section. The vibration and impact mechanism provides power for the drill bit assembly to drill downwards and for the crushing mechanism to perform crushing operations. During drilling, the small resistance area in the drill bit's forward direction makes it easier to enter the hole, thereby improving drilling efficiency. Drilling can be completed quickly even in soft soil layers. The design of multiple second rock-breaking teeth, a conical cutting edge, and first rock-breaking teeth also breaks the rock into small fragments, facilitating the removal of rock fragments from the hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, and more particularly to a drilling device for underwater pile foundations of bridges. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of bridge construction technology, the requirements for bridge foundation engineering are becoming increasingly stringent. As an important component of the bridge structure, the construction quality of underwater pile foundations directly affects the stability and safety of the bridge. When constructing pile foundations in water-surface areas, underwater pile foundation drilling is generally required. During underwater pile foundation drilling, a steel casing must first be erected to isolate the water before drilling continues inside the casing until the required design depth is reached.

[0003] When drilling for underwater pile foundations, especially in river areas with complex geological structures, the underwater layer is often composed of silt and sand, making drilling relatively easy. However, many riverbeds also have thick layers of pebbles, consisting of hard pebbles and silt. When installing steel casings, the casing is driven in by a hammer. As the casing passes through the pebble layer, it either compresses the pebbles inside or pushes them outside. Drilling then begins from the top of the casing. During drilling, the pebbles are difficult to hold in place by the silt and are thus broken by the drill bit. Although the drill bit penetrates the pebble layer, the pebbles are not broken; instead, the silt holding them in place is dispersed by the drilling, creating large, loose pebbles inside the hole. These large pebbles are almost impossible to remove by a pump or flushed out by the water flow. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling device for underwater pile foundations of bridges, so as to solve the problem that current underwater drilling equipment is difficult to handle pebbles.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A drilling device for underwater pile foundations of bridges includes a drill bit assembly and a transmission rod assembly. The transmission rod assembly includes a rod body and a vibration and impact mechanism disposed within the rod body. The drill bit assembly includes a drill head, a ring portion, and a fin portion. The ring portion is fixedly connected to the top end of a shaft body by at least two connecting rods. The drill head is fixed to the bottom end of the shaft body. A crushing mechanism is also provided between the bottom of the connecting rods and the top of the fin portion. The vibration and impact mechanism is used to provide power for the drilling descent of the drill bit assembly and for the crushing of the crushing mechanism.

[0007] During drilling, the drill bit rotates rapidly, and the fins guide the drill cuttings. The cuttings are then squeezed and collected towards the center by the annular section, thus guiding them to the crushing mechanism. When drilling into the pebble layer, the drill bit, annular section, and fins cannot directly crush the pebbles, but the fins can guide them to the crushing mechanism for crushing. The vibration and impact mechanism can both push the drill bit assembly down to ensure a high drilling speed and push the crushing assembly to crush and remove the difficult-to-process pebbles.

[0008] In one possible design, the crushing mechanism includes a movable toothed plate and a fixed toothed plate. The fixed toothed plate is fixed to the top of the fin portion, and the movable toothed plate is slidably connected to the fixed seat. A round-headed column is fixed to one end of the movable toothed plate near the shaft body. The round-headed column is used to transmit power between the vibration impact mechanism and the crushing mechanism.

[0009] In one possible design, the movable toothed plate and the fixed toothed plate have flares on the side facing the fin portion.

[0010] In one possible design, a sliding guide groove is provided on the side of the movable toothed plate near the connecting rod, a fixed seat is provided in the sliding guide groove, the fixed seat is fixed on the connecting rod, and a spring is provided between the side wall of the sliding guide groove near the shaft and the fixed seat.

[0011] In one possible design, the ring portion includes a ring body and a first rock-breaking tooth. A plurality of the first rock-breaking teeth are evenly distributed on the ring body. An oblique groove is formed on the outer side of the ring body, and the intersection of the oblique groove and the ring body forms a cutting edge.

[0012] In one possible design, the lower region of the cross-section of the ring is V-shaped, thereby forming two annular conical surfaces at the bottom of the ring. The inner annular conical surface is used to squeeze the debris generated during drilling into the inner side of the ring, while the outer annular conical surface is used to guide the mud to the borehole wall.

[0013] In one possible design, the fin portion includes a side frame, a flow guide fin, and second rock-breaking teeth. The inner side of the flow guide fin is fixed to the shaft, and the outer side of the flow guide fin is fixed to the side frame. A plurality of second rock-breaking teeth are distributed on the side of the side frame away from the flow guide fin, and the plurality of second rock-breaking teeth are evenly distributed along the curve of the side frame.

[0014] In one possible design, the drill bit includes a cone and a conical cutting edge. The cone is fixed to the bottom of the shaft, and the side of the cone opposite to the shaft is a conical surface, on which a plurality of the conical cutting edges are evenly distributed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The drill bit assembly of the present invention includes a drill head, an annular portion and a fin portion. When drilling, the resistance area in the forward direction of the drill bit is small, making it easier to enter the hole and thus improving drilling efficiency. Drilling can be completed quickly in soft soil layers. Similarly, in relatively hard rock layers, the design of multiple second rock-breaking teeth, conical cutting edge and first rock-breaking teeth can also break the rock into small pieces, making it easy to discharge the rock fragments into the hole.

[0017] 2. The present invention has a crushing mechanism at the top of the fin plate. When drilling to the pebble layer, the fin plate will guide the pebbles to the crushing mechanism, thereby crushing large pebbles and making it easier to clean the pebbles in the hole, avoiding large pebbles from colliding around in the hole and affecting the drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit assembly in this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the drill bit assembly in this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission rod assembly and the drill bit assembly in this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the movable toothed plate and the fixed toothed plate;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fin section.

[0026] The reference numerals in the attached drawings represent: 1-transmission rod assembly, 101-rod body, 2-drill bit assembly, 3-ring section, 301-ring body, 302-sloping groove, 303-first rock-breaking tooth, 304-elastic pressure plate, 4-drill head, 401-cone head, 402-cone blade, 5-fin section, 501-side frame, 502-guide fin, 503-second rock-breaking tooth, 6-shaft body, 7-connecting rod, 8-inlet pipe, 9-air chamber, 10-pneumatic hammer body, 11-cone, 12-first spring, 13-exhaust pipe, 14-round head column, 15-movable tooth plate, 16-fixed tooth plate, 17-fixed seat, 18-second spring, 19-sliding guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Examples, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an underwater pile foundation drilling device for bridges includes a drill bit assembly 2 and a transmission rod assembly 1. The transmission rod assembly 1 includes a rod body 101 and a vibration impact mechanism disposed within the rod body 101. The drill bit assembly 2 includes a drill head 4, a ring portion 3, and a fin portion 5. The ring portion 3 is fixedly connected to the top end of a shaft 6 by at least two connecting rods 7. The drill head 4 is fixed to the bottom end of the shaft 6. A crushing mechanism is also provided between the bottom of the connecting rods 7 and the top of the fin portion 5. The vibration impact mechanism is used to provide power for the drilling descent of the drill bit assembly 2 and for the crushing of the crushing mechanism.

[0029] In this embodiment, the annular portion 3 includes an annular body 301 and first rock-breaking teeth 303. A plurality of first rock-breaking teeth 303 are evenly distributed on the annular body 301. The first rock-breaking teeth 303 are used to break rocks during drilling. The lower region of the cross-section of the annular body 301 is V-shaped, thereby forming two annular conical surfaces at the bottom of the annular body 301. The inner annular conical surface is used to squeeze the debris generated during drilling into the inner side of the annular body 301. When drilling reaches the pebble layer, the pebbles can be squeezed into the inner side of the annular body 301, so that the larger pebbles in the pebble layer can enter the crushing mechanism for crushing.

[0030] Furthermore, during the drilling process of mud wall protection, the outer annular conical surface can also guide the mud to the borehole wall. At the same time, a sloping groove 302 is provided on the outer side of the annular body 301. The intersection of the sloping groove 302 and the annular body 301 forms a cutting edge, which can further trim the borehole wall. The gravel or mud that enters between the annular body 301 and the borehole wall can also be discharged from the sloping groove 302. An elastic pressure plate 304 is also fixed on the annular body 301. The elastic pressure plate 304 can further squeeze the mud to the borehole wall, achieving a better wall protection effect.

[0031] In this embodiment, the fin portion 5 includes a side frame 501, a flow guide fin 502, and second rock-breaking teeth 503. The inner side of the flow guide fin 502 is fixed to the shaft 6, and the outer side of the flow guide fin 502 is fixed to the side frame 501. A plurality of second rock-breaking teeth 503 are distributed on the side of the side frame 501 away from the flow guide fin 502. The plurality of second rock-breaking teeth 503 are evenly distributed along the curve of the side frame 501. During drilling, the fin portion 5 region is broken by the plurality of second rock-breaking teeth 503 on the side frame 501 to break the soil and rock.

[0032] In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism includes a movable toothed plate 15 and a fixed toothed plate 16. The fixed toothed plate 16 is fixed to the top of the fin plate portion 5. The movable toothed plate 15 is slidably connected to the fixed seat 17. A round-headed column 14 is fixed to one end of the movable toothed plate 15 near the shaft 6. The round-headed column 14 is used to transmit power between the vibration impact mechanism and the crushing mechanism.

[0033] Beneficial reference Figure 6 The movable toothed plate 15 and the fixed toothed plate 16 are provided with flared openings on the side facing the guide fin plate 502. By sliding the movable toothed plate 15 and cooperating with the fixed toothed plate 16, the pebbles can be squeezed and crushed. The design of the flared openings can crush larger pebbles first, and the crushed pebbles gradually become smaller. The smaller pebbles penetrate deeper and deeper between the movable toothed plate 15 and the fixed toothed plate 16, and finally reach the particle size that can be discharged.

[0034] Furthermore, a sliding guide groove 19 is provided on the side of the movable toothed plate 15 near the connecting rod 7. A fixed seat 17 is provided in the sliding guide groove 19 and fixed on the connecting rod 7. A spring is provided between the side wall of the sliding guide groove 19 near the shaft 6 and the fixed seat 17. After the movable toothed plate 15 crushes the rock near the fixed toothed plate 16, the second spring 18 can push the movable toothed plate 15 and the fixed toothed plate 16 to separate, achieving the effect of resetting.

[0035] In this embodiment, the vibration impact mechanism includes a pneumatic hammer body 10 and a truncated cone 11. The pneumatic hammer body 10 and the truncated cone 11 slide within an air chamber 9 formed inside the rod body 101. The top of the air chamber 9 is connected to an external compressor via an air inlet pipe 8. The pneumatic hammer body 10 and the truncated cone 11 are fixedly connected. The truncated cone 11 has an annular conical surface on the side away from the pneumatic hammer body 10. This annular conical surface maintains constant contact with the round head of the round-headed column 14. When the pneumatic hammer body 10 slides downwards, the pneumatic hammer... The body 10 drives the truncated cone 11 downwards simultaneously. The truncated cone 11 pushes the round head column 14, thereby bringing the movable toothed plate 15 closer to the fixed toothed plate 16. A first spring 12 is also provided between the truncated cone 11 and the shaft 6. The first spring 12 pushes the truncated cone 11 and the air hammer body 10 upwards to reset. An exhaust pipe 13 is also provided on the shaft 6. The exhaust pipe 13 is connected to the air chamber 9. The air filled into the air chamber 9 can be discharged in time through the exhaust pipe 13.

[0036] In this embodiment, the drill bit 4 includes a cone 401 and a cone blade 402. The cone 401 is fixed to the bottom of the shaft 6. The side of the cone 401 opposite to the shaft 6 is a conical surface. Several cone blades 402 are evenly distributed around the conical surface. The drill bit 4 has a small projected cross section in the downward direction, so the resistance surface of the drill bit 4 in the drilling direction is also small, making it easier to drill into the formation.

[0037] Similarly, the annular ring portion 3 and the thin-plate fin portion 5 do not create a large resistance surface in the drilling direction, allowing the entire drill bit assembly 2 to easily drill in. Drilling can be completed quickly in soft soil layers. Likewise, in more solid rock layers, the design of multiple second rock-breaking teeth 503, conical blades 402, and first rock-breaking teeth 303 can also break the rock into small pieces, making it easy to discharge the rock fragments into the hole. These fragments can be used as aggregate during grouting. By designing the drill bit as a combination of the annular ring portion 3, the drill head 4, and the fin portion 5, it can achieve drilling speeds comparable to augers in relatively soft geological layers and rock-breaking efficiency comparable to impact drills in rock layers, thus greatly improving drilling efficiency.

[0038] During drilling, the drive transmission rod assembly 1 and the drill bit assembly 2 rotate, while the air inlet pipe 8 is connected to the compressor. The compressor's solenoid valve intermittently fills the air chamber 9 with gas. When the gas fills the air chamber 9, the high-pressure gas rapidly pushes the air hammer body 10 and the truncated cone 11 downwards. The truncated cone 11 strikes the round head column 14, and through the round head column 14, it drives the movable toothed plate 15 to move, thus compressing the air. When the air supply stops, the first spring 12 will quickly push the truncated cone 11 and the air hammer body 10 back to their original positions, and the second spring 18 will also push the movable toothed plate 15 back to its original positions.

[0039] When the drill bit assembly 2 rotates, the conical blade 402, the second rock-breaking tooth 503, and the first rock-breaking tooth 303 crush the rock or soil layer. The slag produced after crushing is guided to the top of the drill bit assembly 2 through the guide fin plate 502. When it is guided to the top of the drill bit assembly 2 through the guide fin plate 502, it will first pass through the crushing mechanism. When drilling into the pebble layer, large pebbles will be crushed by the crushing mechanism and will be more easily discharged out of the hole. The impact generated by the air hammer body 10 and the cone 11 will also have the effect of pushing the transmission rod assembly 1 to drill down, making the drilling efficiency higher.

[0040] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling device for underwater pile foundations of bridges, comprising a drill bit assembly (2) and a transmission rod assembly (1), characterized in that, The transmission rod assembly (1) includes a rod body (101) and a vibration impact mechanism disposed within the rod body (101); The drill bit assembly (2) includes a drill head (4), an annular portion (3) and a fin portion (5). The annular portion (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the shaft (6) by at least two connecting rods (7). The drill head (4) is fixed to the bottom of the shaft (6). A crushing mechanism is also provided between the bottom of the connecting rods (7) and the top of the fin portion (5). The vibration impact mechanism is used to provide power for the drilling descent of the drill bit assembly (2) and the crushing of the crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism includes a movable toothed plate (15) and a fixed toothed plate (16). The fixed toothed plate (16) is fixed to the top of the fin portion (5). A round-headed column (14) is fixed to one end of the movable toothed plate (15) near the shaft (6). The round-headed column (14) is used to transmit power between the vibration impact mechanism and the crushing mechanism. A sliding guide groove (19) is provided on the side of the movable toothed plate (15) near the connecting rod (7). A fixed seat (17) is provided in the sliding guide groove (19). The movable toothed plate (15) is slidably connected to the fixed seat (17). The fixed seat (17) is fixed on the connecting rod (7). A spring is provided between the side wall of the sliding guide groove (19) near the shaft (6) and the fixed seat (17).

2. The underwater pile foundation drilling device for bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable toothed plate (15) and the fixed toothed plate (16) are provided with flared openings on the side facing the fin portion (5).

3. The underwater pile foundation drilling device for bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring portion (3) includes a ring body (301) and a first rock-breaking tooth (303). A plurality of first rock-breaking teeth (303) are evenly distributed on the ring body (301). An inclined groove (302) is provided on the outer side of the ring body (301). The intersection of the inclined groove (302) and the ring body (301) forms a cutting edge.

4. The underwater pile foundation drilling device for bridges according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower region of the cross section of the ring (301) is V-shaped, thereby forming two annular conical surfaces at the bottom of the ring (301). The inner annular conical surface is used to squeeze the debris generated during drilling into the inner side of the ring (301), and the outer annular conical surface is used to guide the mud to the borehole wall.

5. The underwater pile foundation drilling device for bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fin portion (5) includes a side frame (501), a flow guide fin (502), and second rock-breaking teeth (503). The inner side of the flow guide fin (502) is fixed to the shaft (6), and the outer side of the flow guide fin (502) is fixed to the side frame (501). A plurality of second rock-breaking teeth (503) are distributed on the side of the side frame (501) away from the flow guide fin (502), and the plurality of second rock-breaking teeth (503) are evenly distributed along the curve of the side frame (501).

6. The underwater pile foundation drilling device for bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit (4) includes a cone (401) and a cone cutting edge (402). The cone (401) is fixed to the bottom of the shaft (6). The side of the cone (401) opposite to the shaft (6) is a conical surface, and a number of cone cutting edges (402) are evenly distributed around the conical surface.

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