High-performance engine valve and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The high-performance engine valve structurally comprises a valve rod and a valve seat, a deep groove is formed in the top of the valve seat, a tough metal strip is inserted into the deep groove, a telescopic groove is formed in the top of the valve seat, and a flow guide groove is formed in the bottom of the valve seat. And abutting mechanisms are arranged in the telescopic grooves and comprise telescopic rods, the bottoms of the telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the bottom walls of the inner sides of the telescopic grooves, and the number of the telescopic rods is multiple. According to the high-performance engine valve and the preparation process thereof, a gap between the valve and the valve seat can be automatically blocked, the sealing performance of the valve is improved, the overall toughness and strength of the valve are improved, and the service life of the valve is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engine parts, in particular to a high-performance engine valve and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] The engine valve is the core component that controls the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust passages. By precisely controlling the timing and duration of valve opening / closing, the intake of fresh air and the discharge of combustion exhaust gases are achieved, which directly determines the intake efficiency, exhaust thoroughness and combustion chamber filling coefficient, and thus affects the engine's power output, fuel economy, emission control and thermal efficiency performance. The valve needs to be sealed with the engine valve seat. The valve seat is fixed on the cylinder head to form a fixed sealing surface. The valve reciprocates under the drive of the camshaft, and its tapered end fits tightly with the valve seat to achieve sealing of the intake / exhaust passages, while transmitting the high temperature of the combustion chamber and assisting the valve heat dissipation. The two require material matching and high geometric precision. By precisely controlling the opening and closing angles and lift, they coordinate to complete the periodic intake of the combustible mixture and the discharge of exhaust gases, which directly affects the engine's sealing, power output and emission performance.

[0003] The sealing of the valve and valve seat directly affects the combustion efficiency and reliability of the engine. Its tight fit can prevent the leakage of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, maintain the stability of the combustion chamber pressure, ensure power output and compression ratio, and effectively dissipate the heat of the valve to avoid thermal stress concentration leading to material fatigue or ablation. If the seal is not tight and gaps are created, it will cause gas leakage in the combustion chamber and a drop in compression pressure, resulting in power loss, increased fuel consumption and abnormal vibration. The escape of high-temperature gas will also aggravate nitrogen oxide emissions. The long-term existence of gaps will accelerate the ablation of the valve seat and valve, deformation of the cone surface, and even cause the valve seat ring to loosen and fall off, resulting in engine performance degradation, abnormal noise and serious mechanical failure.

[0004] The existing high-performance engine valves and their manufacturing processes still have the following problems: [1] The valve is installed on the engine and opens and closes continuously as the fuel in the engine burns. The engine valve is constantly in contact with the engine valve seat. Due to the constant impact between the valve and the engine valve seat, the inner side of the valve is constantly worn, resulting in a gap between the valve seat and the valve seat, which in turn deteriorates the sealing performance of the valve and reduces the effectiveness of the valve. [2] Conventional valves are either not hard enough or not tough enough, which results in insufficient overall strength of the valves. Consequently, the engine valves are prone to breakage during operation and have a short service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems solved In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a high-performance engine valve and its preparation process, which solves the problems of long-term use of valves and engine valve seats being worn and causing gaps, which reduces the use effect of the valves, and insufficient strength of the valves leading to breakage and short service life.

[0006] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a high-performance engine valve and its preparation process, including a valve stem and a valve seat, the top of the valve seat is provided with a deep groove, the inside of the deep groove is inserted with a tough metal strip, the top of the valve seat is provided with a telescopic groove, the bottom of the valve seat is provided with a guide groove, the inside of the telescopic groove is provided with a tightening mechanism, the tightening mechanism includes a telescopic rod, the bottom of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the telescopic groove, the number of the telescopic rods is provided, the top ends of the multiple telescopic rods are fixedly connected with a telescopic ring, the outer side of the telescopic rod is provided with a tightening spring, the top end of the tightening spring abuts against the bottom of the telescopic ring, the valve will expand and contract when working, so that the valve seat will be blocked. Or open the engine valve seat, so that gas can enter the engine cylinder or flow out of the cylinder. When the valve seat contacts the valve seat, the gap between the valve seat and the valve seat is blocked by the telescopic ring, and the telescopic rod and the tightening spring can be used to firmly press the telescopic ring against the valve seat, thereby achieving a better blocking effect. The gap between the valve seat and the engine valve seat is automatically blocked by the tightening mechanism, thereby improving the sealing between the engine valve and the engine valve seat, preventing the outside gas from entering the engine cylinder and the internal gas from being discharged, ensuring the stability of the gas combustion inside the cylinder, and supporting the gap between the valve seat and the engine valve seat by the telescopic ring to prevent the valve from making abnormal noise when it is telescoping, thereby improving the stability of the valve when it is working and the driving environment for people.

[0007] Preferably, a contact surface is provided on the top of the telescopic ring, and the contact surface is set to a plane. The contact surface can increase the contact area between the telescopic ring and the engine valve seat, thereby making the shielding effect of the telescopic ring better. By setting the abutment surface to a plane, the contact area between the telescopic ring and the engine valve seat can be increased as much as possible, thereby improving the sealing effect of the engine valve.

[0008] Preferably, there are multiple deep grooves and tough metal strips, and the multiple deep grooves and tough metal strips are all centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the axis of the valve stem. The multiple deep grooves can indirectly form multiple reinforcing ribs inside the valve stem, thereby further improving the strength of the valve stem, and the filling of multiple tough metal strips can increase the overall toughness of the valve stem, thereby reducing the risk of the valve stem being damaged by impact during use and extending the service life of the valve stem. The centrally symmetrical distribution can make the strength of the valve stem and the internal stress it is subjected to more uniform, thereby preventing local damage to the valve stem.

[0009] Preferably, there are multiple guide grooves, and the multiple guide grooves are centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the axis of the valve seat. The axis of the valve stem and the axis of the valve seat are located on the same vertical line. The depth of the guide groove gradually deepens from the axis of the valve seat outward. The guide groove can reduce the obstruction of the valve to the gas when the engine cylinder is exhausted. The gas can be discharged from the cylinder faster and more accurately through the guide groove, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, an arc surface is provided at the connection between the valve stem and the valve seat, and an inclined surface is provided on the side of the valve seat. The arc surface design at the connection between the valve stem and the valve seat can optimize sealing, disperse stress, improve wear resistance and adapt to precision technology, which can significantly improve engine performance and reliability. By providing an inclined surface on the side of the valve seat, the resistance between the gas and the valve seat can be reduced, the force exerted by the gas on the edge of the valve seat is reduced, and the service life of the valve seat is extended.

[0011] A high-performance engine valve preparation process comprises the following steps: S1. Select a suitable alloy steel and heat it to a high temperature range of 1400±10℃ to melt it into liquid metal. Then, pour it into two molds, cool it to a temperature range of 22±2℃ and shape it, to obtain the prototype of the engine valve and the expansion ring. Select a suitable alloy billet and continuously heat and forge it to obtain a tough metal strip. S2. Roughly grinding the engine valve prototype, the ductile metal strip (4) and the telescopic ring (72), and deburring the engine valve prototype and the telescopic ring (72). Using a laser engraving machine, a guide groove and an inclined surface are engraved on the surface of the engine valve prototype, and an abutment surface is engraved on the top of the telescopic ring. Then, fine grinding is performed using a grinder to ensure dimensional accuracy and surface finish. S3. Hammer the ductile metal strip into the deep groove, then weld the ductile metal strip to the top of the valve stem, and then grind the top of the valve stem and the top of the ductile metal strip flat using a grinder; S4. Heat-treat the prototype of the engine valve with the expansion ring and the assembled tough metal strip, first heating the surface to a temperature range of 1200±5°C, and then cooling it to a temperature range of 20-25°C to improve the metal properties; S5. Performing nitriding treatment on the surfaces of the engine valve and the telescopic ring to form a hard nitrided layer on their surfaces to improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance; S6. Evenly weld the prepared multiple telescopic rods to the inside of the telescopic groove, sleeve the prepared multiple holding springs on the outside of the telescopic rods, and finally weld the telescopic rings to the tops of the multiple telescopic rods to obtain the finished engine valve.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the alloy steel material can be a high-nickel heat-resistant stainless steel material, a nickel-based alloy material or other material with high hardness, high temperature resistance and wear resistance, and the alloy blank can be a tungsten-gold alloy or other material with high toughness and good thermal conductivity. The material for manufacturing the engine valve prototype and the telescopic ring is a material with high hardness, high internal temperature and good wear resistance, so that the surface of the engine valve and the telescopic ring are wear-resistant and not easy to damage, and the material of the ductile metal strip is a material with high toughness and good thermal conductivity, which can well conduct heat out of the engine valve, and the high toughness of the ductile metal strip can improve the overall toughness of the engine valve, thereby improving the overall strength of the engine valve.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the engine valve prototype includes a valve stem, a valve seat, a deep groove and a telescopic groove.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the ductile metal bar is forged by isothermal forging, and multiple forgings with small deformation are adopted. After forging, it is tempered. The ductile metal bar is forged by isothermal forging, and the required ductile metal bar mold and blank are selected and heated to the same temperature. A temperature control system is equipped to ensure temperature uniformity, and deformation is performed at an extremely low strain rate to avoid material strain hardening caused by mold cooling. Multiple hammering is performed, and the deformation amount of each hammering is relatively small, which can improve the stability and dimensional accuracy of the ductile metal bar, and its toughness can be increased by tempering.

[0015] (3) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a high-performance engine valve and its manufacturing process. It has the following beneficial effects: (1) The high-performance engine valve and its preparation process, through the setting of the tightening mechanism, when the valve seat and the valve seat are in constant contact and collision, the gap between the valve seat and the valve seat is blocked by the telescopic ring, and the telescopic rod and the tightening spring can be used to firmly press the telescopic ring against the valve seat, thereby achieving a better blocking effect. The gap between the valve seat and the engine valve seat is automatically blocked by the tightening mechanism, thereby improving the sealing between the engine valve and the engine valve seat, preventing the entry of external gas from the engine cylinder and the discharge of internal gas, ensuring the stability of the gas combustion in the cylinder, and supporting the gap between the valve seat and the engine valve seat by the telescopic ring, preventing abnormal noise when the valve is telescopic, thereby improving the stability of the valve during operation and the driving environment.

[0016] (2) This high-performance engine valve and its manufacturing process, through the provision of deep grooves and tough metal strips, indirectly forms multiple reinforcing ribs inside the valve stem through the deep grooves, further improving the strength of the valve stem. In addition, the filling of multiple tough metal strips increases the toughness inside the valve stem, thereby improving the overall strength of the engine valve, making it less likely to break during use and extending the service life of the valve.

[0017] (3) This high-performance engine valve and its manufacturing process, through the provision of guide grooves and inclined surfaces, reduces the obstruction of the valve seat to the gas, allowing the gas to be quickly guided away when passing through the valve seat and to be guided out of the cylinder more quickly and accurately, thereby improving the cylinder's intake or exhaust efficiency. In addition, through the provision of abutment surfaces, the contact area between the telescopic ring and the engine valve seat can be increased, thereby improving the sealing effect of the engine valve.

[0018] (4) This high-performance engine valve and its preparation process, by nitriding the surface of the engine valve and telescopic ring, can increase their surface hardness and wear resistance, and also increase their corrosion resistance. In addition, different heat treatments of the valve and other parts can improve their different performance according to their location, thereby improving the overall strength and performance of the valve and extending the service life of the valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention as a whole; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the entire front of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the valve stem of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom of the valve seat of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of the tightening mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the valve seat of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a flowchart of the preparation process of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Valve stem; 2. Valve seat; 3. Deep groove; 4. Tough metal strip; 5. Telescopic groove; 6. Guide groove; 7. Clamping mechanism; 71. Telescopic rod; 72. Telescopic ring; 73. Clamping spring; 74. Abutment surface; 8. Arc surface; 9. Inclined surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-performance engine valve and its preparation process, the structure of which includes a valve stem 1 and a valve seat 2, a deep groove 3 is provided on the top of the valve seat 2, a tough metal strip 4 is inserted into the deep groove 3, a telescopic groove 5 is provided on the top of the valve seat 2, a guide groove 6 is provided on the bottom of the valve seat 2, a tightening mechanism 7 is provided inside the telescopic groove 5, the tightening mechanism 7 includes a telescopic rod 71, the bottom of the telescopic rod 71 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the telescopic groove 5, the number of telescopic rods 71 ​​is provided, the top ends of the multiple telescopic rods 71 ​​are fixedly connected to a telescopic ring 72, the outer portion of the telescopic rod 71 is provided with a tightening spring 73, the top end of the tightening spring 73 is in contact with the bottom end of the telescopic ring 72, the valve will be telescopic when working to block or open the engine The valve seat is formed by the spring 72 and the spring 73 is pressed against the valve seat, thereby preventing the air from entering the engine cylinder and the air from being discharged. The gap between the valve seat 2 and the valve seat is blocked by the telescopic ring 72 when the valve seat 2 contacts the valve seat, and the telescopic rod 71 and the retaining spring 73 can be used to firmly press the telescopic ring 72 against the valve seat, thereby improving the blocking effect. The gap between the valve seat 2 and the engine valve seat is automatically blocked by the retaining mechanism 7, thereby improving the sealing between the engine valve and the engine valve seat, preventing the outside gas of the engine cylinder from entering and the internal gas from being discharged, and ensuring the stability of the gas combustion in the cylinder. The telescopic ring 72 supports the gap between the valve seat 2 and the engine valve seat, preventing the valve from making abnormal noise when it is telescoping, thereby improving the stability of the valve when it is working and the driving environment for people.

[0023] Among them, a contact surface 74 is provided on the top of the telescopic ring 72, and the abutment surface 74 is set to a plane. The opening of the abutment surface 74 can increase the contact area between the telescopic ring 72 and the engine valve seat, thereby making the shielding effect of the telescopic ring 72 better. By setting the abutment surface 74 to a plane, the contact area between the telescopic ring 72 and the engine valve seat can be increased to the maximum extent possible, thereby improving the sealing effect of the engine valve.

[0024] Among them, there are multiple deep grooves 3 and tough metal strips 4, and the multiple deep grooves 3 and tough metal strips 4 are all centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the axis of the valve stem 1. The multiple deep grooves 3 opened can indirectly form multiple ribs inside the valve stem 1, thereby further improving the strength of the valve stem 1, and the filling of multiple tough metal strips 4 can increase the overall toughness of the valve stem 1, thereby reducing the risk of the valve stem 1 being damaged by impact during use and extending the service life of the valve stem 1. The centrally symmetrical distribution setting can make the strength of the valve stem 1 and the internal stress it is subjected to more uniform, thereby preventing local damage to the valve stem 1.

[0025] Among them, there are multiple guide grooves 6, and the multiple guide grooves 6 are distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner with the axis of the valve seat 2. The axis of the valve stem 1 and the axis of the valve seat 2 are located on the same vertical line. The depth of the guide groove 6 gradually deepens from the axis of the valve seat 2 outward. The guide groove 6 can reduce the obstruction of the valve to the gas when the engine cylinder is exhausted. The gas can be discharged from the cylinder faster and more accurately through the guide groove 6, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the cylinder.

[0026] Among them, an arc surface 8 is provided at the connection between the valve stem 1 and the valve seat 2, and a bevel 9 is provided on the side of the valve seat 2. The design of the arc surface 8 at the connection between the valve stem 1 and the valve seat 2 can optimize the sealing, disperse the stress, improve the wear resistance and adapt to the precision process, which can significantly improve the engine performance and reliability. By providing the bevel 9 on the side of the valve seat 2, the resistance between the gas and the valve seat 2 can be reduced, the force exerted by the gas on the edge of the valve seat 2 is reduced, and the service life of the valve seat 2 is extended.

[0027] A high-performance engine valve preparation process comprises the following steps: S1. Select a suitable alloy steel and heat it to a high temperature range of 1400±10℃ and melt it into liquid metal. Then pour it into two molds respectively. After cooling to a temperature range of 22±2℃ and shaping, the engine valve prototype and the telescopic ring 72 are obtained. Select a suitable alloy billet and continuously heat and forge it to obtain a tough metal strip 4. Lay the mold of the engine valve prototype and the mold of the telescopic ring 72 flat. Select a nickel-based alloy material and heat the nickel-based alloy material precisely to a high temperature range of 1400±10℃ in an electric arc furnace. At this specific temperature, the nickel-based alloy material melts into liquid metal. Subsequently, the operator quickly and accurately injects the hot molten metal into the pre-prepared engine prototype mold and the telescopic ring 72 respectively. The two molds are carefully designed, and their internal structures and dimensions strictly meet the product requirements to ensure that the final molded mold can achieve the expected shape and precision. The metal liquid in the two molds is then cooled and shaped by the cooling system, so that the temperature in the two molds is cooled to the ideal range of 22±2°C. At this temperature, the metal liquid is completely cooled and shaped. After cooling and shaping, the molds in the two molds are taken out respectively to obtain the engine valve prototype and the expansion ring 72 respectively. After subsequent processing and treatment, these two molds will become important components of the engine valve. A tungsten-gold alloy billet of high quality is selected and placed in the die forging equipment. The die forging equipment forges the tungsten-gold alloy billet with strong pressure and precise control. The billet undergoes plastic deformation under the huge pressure and gradually forms a tough metal strip 4 with a specific shape and precise size. S2. Roughly grind the engine valve prototype, the ductile metal strip (4) and the telescopic ring (72), and remove the burrs on the engine valve prototype and the telescopic ring (72). Use a laser engraving machine to carve the guide groove 6 and the bevel 9 on the surface of the engine valve prototype, and carve the abutment surface 74 on the top of the telescopic ring 72. Then use a grinder to perform fine grinding to ensure dimensional accuracy and surface finish. In the precision manufacturing process of key components such as the engine valve and the telescopic ring, start a high-speed rotating milling cutter. First, the high-speed rotating milling cutter moves along the pre-planned indentation edge path on the surface of the engine valve column accurately and steadily to remove excess material. After completing the cutting process, the cut edge is roughly grinded by the grinder. During grinding, the cut engine valve prototype is clamped and the cut edge is roughly grinded with a 24-60 mesh grinding wheel at a steady pressure and speed to remove the burrs left by cutting. and unevenness, so that the edge initially presents a smooth texture, in preparation for subsequent fine processing, and then the guide groove 6 and the inclined surface 9 are engraved on the surface of the engine valve prototype by a laser engraving machine. Similarly, the top of the telescopic ring 72 is engraved with an abutment surface 74, and the abutment surface 74 is set to a plane to ensure that the telescopic ring 72 and the engine valve seat can fit tightly and operate stably. Then, the engine valve prototype, the toughness metal strip 4 and the telescopic ring 72 are finely polished by a grinder, and finely polished by a more delicate 150~240 mesh grinding wheel until the surface is smooth, and the polishing condition and whether it meets the size requirements are checked by visual inspection. The polished parts are fully inspected by a high-resolution camera and existing advanced image processing algorithms to ensure that the surface is smooth and flawless. At the same time, various dimensions are accurately measured to ensure that they fully meet the design requirements. After passing the visual inspection and meeting the requirements, proceed to the next step; S3. Knock the ductile metal strip 4 into the deep groove 3, then weld the ductile metal strip 4 to the top of the valve stem 1, then use a grinder to grind the top of the valve stem 1 and the top of the ductile metal strip 4 flat, use a vise to fix the engine valve prototype, then align the bottom end of the ductile metal strip 4 with the deep groove 3, then select a suitable hammer to knock the top of the ductile metal strip 4 until the ductile metal strip 4 is completely embedded in the deep groove 3, then use a welding machine to weld the top of the ductile metal strip 4 to the engine prototype, and then after the weld is completely cold-cut, grind the weld with a grinder until the top of the engine prototype and the top of the ductile metal strip 4 are ground flat, so that the ductile metal strip 4 is fixed inside the deep groove 3; S4. Heat-treating the telescopic ring 72 and the engine valve prototype assembled with the tough metal strip 4, first heating their surfaces to a temperature range of 1200±5°C, and then cooling them to a temperature range of 20-25°C to improve metal properties. Heat-treating the surface of the engine valve prototype, first heating the surface of the engine valve prototype with an electron beam to a temperature range of 1200±5°C, and then naturally cooling it in air to a temperature range of 20-25°C, so that the internal stress of the engine valve prototype can be released, thereby obtaining good process performance and performance. When heat-treating the entire telescopic ring 72, heating the telescopic ring 72 to a temperature range of 1200±5°C, and then naturally cooling it to a temperature range of 20-25°C, and then performing a tempering treatment to eliminate the internal stress of the telescopic ring 72 and increase the wear resistance of the surface of the telescopic ring 72. S5. The surfaces of the engine valve and the telescopic ring 72 are nitrided to form a hard nitrided layer on their surfaces to improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance. In order to improve the performance of the engine valve and the telescopic ring 72, the engine valve and the telescopic ring 72 are placed in a nitriding furnace at the same time. NH3 is directly introduced into the nitriding furnace at 500-550°C. The NH3 molecules gradually decompose and are kept for 20-100 hours to decompose NH3 into atomic nitrogen and hydrogen. These active gas atoms It diffuses in the furnace and chemically reacts with the surface of the engine valve and the telescopic ring 72. As time goes by, a nitride layer is gradually formed until a uniform and dense nitride layer is formed on the surface of the engine valve and the telescopic ring 72. This increases the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the surface of the engine valve and the telescopic ring 72, allowing them to maintain a longer service life in an environment of high-speed operation and frequent friction. At the same time, it effectively resists erosion of the engine valve in various harsh environments, providing reliable protection for the stable operation of the engine valve and the telescopic ring 72. After the cam 72 is assembled, the locking cam 72 is fixed to the locking cam 76 and the locking cam 77 is tightened to the locking cam 76, so that the locking cam 76 is tightened and the locking cam 77 is tightened.

[0028] Among them, in step S1, the alloy steel material can be a high-nickel heat-resistant stainless steel material, a nickel-based alloy material or other materials with high hardness, high temperature resistance and high wear resistance, and the alloy blank can be a tungsten gold alloy or other materials with high toughness and good thermal conductivity.

[0029] In step S1 , the engine valve prototype includes a valve stem 1 , a valve seat 2 , a deep groove 3 and a telescopic groove 5 .

[0030] Among them, in step S1, the ductile metal strip 4 is forged by isothermal forging, and a forging method with multiple times and small deformation is adopted. After forging, it is tempered. The ductile metal strip 4 is forged by isothermal forging, and the required ductile metal strip 4 mold and blank are heated to the same temperature. A temperature control system is equipped to ensure temperature uniformity, and deformation is performed at an extremely low strain rate to avoid material strain hardening caused by mold cooling. Multiple hammering is performed, and the deformation amount of each hammering is relatively small, which can improve the stability and dimensional accuracy of the ductile metal strip 4, and its toughness can be increased through tempering.

[0031] Working principle: By filling the deep groove 3 with the outer side of the valve stem 1 having greater hardness and the tough metal strip 4 having higher toughness, the performance of the valve stem 1 can be improved as a whole, so that the valve stem 1 has higher hardness and higher toughness, and the surface of the valve stem 1 has higher wear resistance and the internal part of the valve stem 1 has higher impact resistance, thereby extending the service life of the valve as a whole. When the valve is working, it will expand and contract, so that the valve seat 2 will block or open the engine valve seat, thereby allowing gas to enter or flow out of the engine cylinder. When the valve seat 2 contacts the valve seat, the expansion ring 72 is used to expand the space between the valve seat 2 and the valve seat. The gap is blocked, and the telescopic rod 71 and the holding spring 73 can be used to firmly press the telescopic ring 72 against the valve seat, thereby achieving a better blocking effect. The gap between the valve seat 2 and the engine valve seat is automatically blocked by the holding mechanism 7, thereby improving the sealing between the engine valve and the engine valve seat, preventing the outside gas from entering the engine cylinder and the internal gas from being discharged, thereby ensuring the stability of the gas combustion inside the cylinder, and supporting the gap between the valve seat 2 and the engine valve seat through the telescopic ring 72, thereby preventing the valve from making abnormal noise when it is telescoping, thereby improving the stability of the valve when it is working and the driving environment for people.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0033] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-performance engine valve, comprising a valve stem (1) and a valve seat (2), characterized in that: A deep groove (3) is provided on the top of the valve seat (2), a ductile metal strip (4) is inserted into the inside of the deep groove (3), a telescopic groove (5) is provided on the top of the valve seat (2), a guide groove (6) is provided on the bottom of the valve seat (2), a tightening mechanism (7) is provided inside the telescopic groove (5), and the tightening mechanism (7) includes a telescopic rod (71), the bottom of the telescopic rod (71) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the telescopic groove (5), a plurality of telescopic rods (71) are provided, and the top ends of the plurality of telescopic rods (71) are fixedly connected to a telescopic ring (72), and a tightening spring (73) is provided on the outside of the telescopic rod (71), and the top end of the tightening spring (73) is in contact with the bottom of the telescopic ring (72).

2. A high-performance engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the telescopic ring (72) is provided with an abutting surface (74), and the abutting surface (74) is arranged to be a plane.

3. A high-performance engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep grooves (3) and the tough metal strips (4) are provided in a plurality, and the plurality of deep grooves (3) and the tough metal strips (4) are distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner with respect to the axis of the valve stem (1).

4. A high-performance engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide grooves (6) are provided in a plurality, and the guide grooves (6) are centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the axis of the valve seat (2). The axis of the valve stem (1) and the axis of the valve seat (2) are located on the same vertical line, and the depth of the guide grooves (6) gradually increases from the axis of the valve seat (2) toward the outside.

5. A high-performance engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular arc surface (8) is provided at the connection between the valve stem (1) and the valve seat (1), and an inclined surface (9) is provided on the side of the valve seat (1).

6. A high-performance engine valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a high-performance engine valve preparation process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select a suitable alloy steel and heat it to a high temperature range of 1400±10°C and melt it into liquid metal. Then, pour it into two molds, cool it to a temperature range of 22±2°C and shape it, to obtain the prototype of the engine valve and the telescopic ring (72). Select a suitable alloy billet and continuously heat and forge it to obtain a tough metal strip (4). S2. Roughly grinding the engine valve prototype, the ductile metal strip (4) and the telescopic ring (72), and deburring the engine valve prototype and the telescopic ring (72). Using a laser engraving machine, a guide groove (6) and a bevel (9) are engraved on the surface of the engine valve prototype, and an abutment surface (74) is engraved on the top of the telescopic ring (72). Then, fine grinding is performed using a grinder to ensure dimensional accuracy and surface finish. S3, hammering the ductile metal strip (4) into the inside of the deep groove (3), then welding the ductile metal strip (4) to the top of the valve stem (1), and then using a grinder to grind the top of the valve stem (1) and the top of the ductile metal strip (4) flat; S4, heat treating the prototype of the engine valve assembled with the telescopic ring (72) and the tough metal strip (4), first heating the surface thereof to a temperature range of 1200±5°C, and then cooling it to a temperature range of 20-25°C, to improve the metal properties; S5, nitriding the surfaces of the engine valve and the telescopic ring (72) to form a hard nitrided layer on their surfaces to improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance; S6. The prepared multiple telescopic rods (71) are uniformly welded to the inside of the telescopic groove (5), the prepared multiple holding springs (73) are sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rods (71), and finally the telescopic rings (72) are welded to the top ends of the multiple telescopic rods (71) to obtain the finished engine valve.

7. A high-performance engine valve manufacturing process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, the alloy steel material can be a high-nickel heat-resistant stainless steel material, a nickel-based alloy material or other material with high hardness, high temperature resistance and high wear resistance, and the alloy blank can be a tungsten-gold alloy or other material with high toughness and good thermal conductivity.

8. The high-performance engine valve manufacturing process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, the engine valve prototype comprises a valve stem (1), a valve seat (2), a deep groove (3) and a telescopic groove (5).

9. The high-performance engine valve manufacturing process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S1, the ductile metal strip (4) is forged isothermally and repeatedly with small deformation, and is tempered after forging.

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