Reciprocating piston type compressor oil quantity control structure and compressor

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil mass control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor, which comprises a crankshaft, a cylinder and a connecting rod, an oil baffle plate is arranged between the crankshaft and the cylinder, and a gap part of 0.5-20mm is reserved between the lower end of the oil baffle plate and the connecting rod to form an oil leakage channel; the oil baffle plate is configured as follows: when the compressor pumps oil at a small or low speed, lubricating oil enters the air cylinder through the gap part; when the compressor pumps a large amount of oil or runs at a high speed, the oil baffle plate blocks part of lubricating oil to reduce the amount of oil entering the air cylinder; the oil baffle plate is arranged between the crankshaft and the air cylinder, so that lubricating oil can smoothly pass through a gap to guarantee the lubricating effect when pump oil is small or runs at a low speed, the oil baffle plate effectively prevents excessive oil from entering the air cylinder when the pump oil is large or runs at a high speed, and the effects of adapting to working conditions of different oil quantities or rotating speeds and reducing the oil discharge quantity of the compressor are achieved; and through collaborative design of a net-shaped structure and a longitudinal groove, the oil quantity adjusting precision is further optimized, and the problems of system power rise and liquid impact caused by high-speed oil discharge are avoided on the premise that sufficient lubrication is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical lubrication of compressors, and in particular to an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor and a compressor. Background Art

[0002] Reciprocating piston refrigeration compressors typically use the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft to pump lubricating oil from the lower end of the crankshaft to the eccentric shaft, where it splashes into the piston and cylinder for lubrication. However, during the operation of variable-speed compressors, the lubrication effect varies significantly at different speeds. At low speeds, the centrifugal force is low, resulting in insufficient oil splashing, which can lead to inadequate lubrication. At high speeds, however, the centrifugal force increases, causing excessive oil splashing, which can easily enter the cylinder and cause oil discharge problems in the compressor. Excessive oil discharge not only affects the cooling performance of the refrigeration system but can also lead to undesirable phenomena such as increased system power and liquid hammer, thereby reducing the reliability and service life of the compressor.

[0003] In addition, the oil pumping volume of a fixed-speed compressor is affected by the machining accuracy of the crankshaft manufacturing process. Different axial angles and different sizes of oil holes deviating from the crankshaft will also cause changes in the oil pumping volume. When the oil pumping volume is large, the oil line is subjected to greater centrifugal force, and the oil line height will be higher. When the oil pumping volume is large, the oil line is subjected to less centrifugal force, and the oil line height will also be lower. Therefore, the oil pumping volume of a fixed-speed compressor also has a certain range of variation.

[0004] Currently, conventional compressor lubrication systems lack a mechanism for adjusting oil flow at varying speeds, making it difficult to balance insufficient lubrication at low speeds with excessive oil discharge at high speeds. While some technologies have attempted to improve lubrication by optimizing the crankshaft structure or adjusting the oil flow path, these technologies are unable to dynamically adapt to the wide speed range required by variable-speed compressors. Therefore, a technical solution is urgently needed that can automatically adjust the lubricant flow based on speed fluctuations, effectively reducing oil discharge during high-speed operation while ensuring adequate lubrication. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above technical problems in the related art, the present invention proposes an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor and a compressor, which can overcome the above deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: An oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor; The oil quantity control structure of the reciprocating piston compressor includes a crankshaft, a cylinder and a connecting rod. An oil baffle is provided between the crankshaft and the cylinder. A gap is reserved between the lower end of the oil baffle and the connecting rod to form an oil leakage channel. The oil baffle is configured so that: when the compressor pumps a small amount of oil or operates at a low speed, the lubricating oil enters the cylinder through the gap; when the compressor pumps a large amount of oil or operates at a high speed, the oil baffle blocks part of the lubricating oil to reduce the amount of oil entering the cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the spacing of the gap portions is 0.5-20 mm, the gap portions are equal-spaced gap portions or unequal-spaced gap portions, and the unequal-spaced gap portions are arc-shaped unequal-spaced gap portions or wavy unequal-spaced gap portions.

[0008] Furthermore, a mesh structure is provided on the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle.

[0009] Furthermore, the mesh structure is a steel mesh or a punched mesh, and the mesh shape of the steel mesh is at least one of strip, circle or polygon.

[0010] Furthermore, the pore density of the steel wire mesh of the mesh structure is set to increase or decrease in a gradient along the rotation direction of the crankshaft.

[0011] Furthermore, a longitudinal groove of 1 to 20 mm is provided in the middle of the oil baffle, and the width of the longitudinal groove is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the oil baffle is fixed on the cylinder seat, and its installation height and angle are adjustable.

[0013] Furthermore, the oil baffle is fixed on the crankshaft or the connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle is provided with a guide rib, and the extension direction of the guide rib forms an angle of 15°-75° with the crankshaft rotation axis.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a compressor is provided. The compressor includes the above-mentioned reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging an oil baffle between the crankshaft and the cylinder, the lubricating oil can smoothly pass through the gap to ensure the lubrication effect during low-speed operation; the oil baffle effectively blocks excessive oil from entering the cylinder during high-speed operation, thereby achieving the effect of dynamically adapting to different speed conditions and significantly reducing the oil discharge of the compressor; at the same time, through the coordinated design of the mesh structure and the longitudinal groove, the oil quantity adjustment accuracy is further optimized, and the system power increase and liquid hammer problems caused by high-speed oil discharge are effectively avoided while ensuring sufficient lubrication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the coordinated state of an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional diagram of the coordinated state of an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial side view of a coordinated state of an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the coordinated state of an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a first-perspective perspective view of an oil baffle of an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a second perspective view of an oil baffle of an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. crankshaft; 3. connecting rod; 4. oil baffle; 5. clearance portion; 6. mesh structure; 7. longitudinal groove; 8. cylinder seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a crankshaft 1, a cylinder and a connecting rod 3, an oil baffle 4 is provided between the crankshaft 1 and the cylinder 2, and a gap 5 is reserved between the lower end of the oil baffle 4 and the connecting rod 3 to form an oil leakage channel; the oil baffle 4 is configured as follows: when the compressor pumps a small amount of oil or runs at a low speed, the lubricating oil enters the cylinder through the gap 5; when the compressor pumps a large amount of oil or runs at a high speed, the oil baffle 4 blocks part of the lubricating oil to reduce the amount of oil entering the cylinder.

[0022] According to an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor described in an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the spacing of the gap portion 5 is 0.5~20mm, the gap portion 5 is an equal-spaced gap portion or an unequal-spaced gap portion, and the unequal-spaced gap portion is an arc-shaped unequal-spaced gap portion or a wavy unequal-spaced gap portion.

[0023] According to an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor described in an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment, a mesh structure 6 is provided on the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle 4 .

[0024] According to an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor described in an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the mesh structure 6 is a wire mesh or a stamped mesh, and the mesh shape of the wire mesh is at least one of strip, circle or polygon.

[0025] According to an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the pore density of the steel mesh of the mesh structure 6 is set to increase or decrease in a gradient along the rotation direction of the crankshaft 1 .

[0026] According to an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor described in an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment, a longitudinal groove 7 of 1 to 20 mm is opened in the middle of the oil baffle 4, and the width of the longitudinal groove 7 is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft 1.

[0027] According to an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor described in an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the oil baffle 4 is fixed on the cylinder base 8, and its installation height and angle are adjustable.

[0028] According to an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the oil baffle 4 is fixed to the crankshaft 1 or the connecting rod 3 .

[0029] According to an oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor described in an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle 4 is provided with a guide rib, and the extension direction of the guide rib forms an angle of 15°-75° with the rotation axis of the crankshaft 1.

[0030] On the other hand, a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure.

[0031] In order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the above technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below through specific usage methods.

[0032] In practice, according to the reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure described herein, using a variable-frequency reciprocating piston refrigeration compressor as an example, an oil baffle plate 4 is installed between the eccentric portion of the crankshaft 1 and the inner wall of the cylinder. A 3mm gap 5 is formed between the lower end of the oil baffle plate 4 and the side of the connecting rod 3. A diamond-shaped perforated steel mesh 6 is welded to the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle plate 4. The porosity of the diamond-shaped perforated steel mesh 6 increases gradually by 10% / cm along the rotational direction of the crankshaft 1. A longitudinal groove 7 is defined in the lower middle portion of the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle plate 4. The mounting bracket for the oil baffle plate 4 is fixed to the cylinder base 8.

[0033] When the compressor starts at low speed, the lubricating oil level drops below the mesh structure 6 of the oil baffle 4 due to the low centrifugal force. The oil enters the cylinder 2 primarily through the gap 5 and longitudinal grooves 7. The oil flow ensures adequate lubrication of the piston and cylinder wall. When the compressor starts at high speed, the oil level rises to the upper-middle portion of the oil baffle 4. Approximately 60% of the oil is intercepted by the gradient-changing mesh structure 6 in layers, while the remaining oil enters the cylinder in a quantitative manner through the longitudinal grooves 7 and gap 5. At this point, the oil flow rate is controlled within an appropriate range, and the amount of oil discharged is reduced compared to traditional structures. In addition, the guide ribs on the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle direct the splashing oil flow toward the high-density area of ​​the mesh structure 6, further optimizing interception efficiency.

[0034] In this embodiment, through the coordinated adjustment of multiple parameters of the oil baffle 4, precise control of the oil amount in the full range of low-speed and high-speed operating conditions is achieved, and at the same time, the oil film thickness on the cylinder wall is always maintained within the optimal lubrication range.

[0035] To sum up, with the help of the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention, by arranging an oil baffle between the crankshaft and the cylinder, the lubricating oil can smoothly pass through the gap to ensure the lubrication effect when running at low speed, and the oil baffle effectively blocks excessive oil from entering the cylinder when running at high speed, thereby achieving the effect of dynamically adapting to different speed conditions and significantly reducing the oil discharge of the compressor; at the same time, through the coordinated design of the mesh structure and the longitudinal groove, the oil quantity adjustment accuracy is further optimized, and the system power increase and liquid hammer problems caused by high-speed oil discharge are effectively avoided while ensuring sufficient lubrication.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a crankshaft (1), a cylinder and a connecting rod (3), wherein an oil baffle (4) is provided between the crankshaft (1) and the cylinder (2), and a gap portion (5) is reserved between the lower end of the oil baffle (4) and the connecting rod (3) to form an oil leakage channel; the oil baffle (4) is configured such that: when the compressor pumps a small amount of oil or operates at a low speed, the lubricating oil enters the cylinder through the gap portion (5); when the compressor pumps a large amount of oil or operates at a high speed, the oil baffle (4) blocks part of the lubricating oil to reduce the amount of oil entering the cylinder.

2. The oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing of the gap portions (5) is 0.5-20 mm, the gap portions (5) are equal-spaced gap portions or unequal-spaced gap portions, and the unequal-spaced gap portions are arc-shaped unequal-spaced gap portions or wavy unequal-spaced gap portions.

3. The oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mesh structure (6) is provided on the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle (4).

4. The oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mesh structure (6) is a steel mesh or a punched mesh, and the mesh shape of the steel mesh is at least one of strip, circle or polygon.

5. The oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pore density of the steel wire mesh of the mesh structure (6) is set to increase or decrease in a gradient along the rotation direction of the crankshaft (1).

6. The oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A longitudinal groove (7) with a diameter of 1 to 20 mm is provided in the middle of the oil baffle (4), and the width of the longitudinal groove (7) is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft (1).

7. The oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil baffle (4) is fixed on the cylinder seat (8), and its installation height and angle are adjustable.

8. The oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil baffle (4) is fixed on the crankshaft (1) or the connecting rod (3).

9. The reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure according to claim 1, wherein the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle (4) is provided with a guide rib, and the extension direction of the guide rib forms an angle of 15°-75° with the rotation axis of the crankshaft (1).

10. A compressor, characterized in that: The invention comprises the oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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