Water pump and control method for an electronic water pump

Abstract

The application relates to a water pump and a control method of an electronic water pump, the water pump comprising: a pump shell; a pump cover with a water inlet and a water outlet; a shielding sleeve arranged in a cavity formed by the pump shell and the pump cover, so as to divide the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity; a rotor arranged in the pump cavity and capable of rotating relative to the shielding sleeve around an axis thereof; a stator arranged in the waterproof cavity and used for driving the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve around the axis thereof in a first direction; the stator has an insulating framework, a stator core and a winding coil arranged on the insulating framework respectively; a controller arranged in the waterproof cavity and connected with the winding coil; when water flows back from the water outlet to the water inlet and forces the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve around the axis thereof in a second direction, the controller controls the winding coil to be electrified after sensing the change of the magnetic field during the rotation of the rotor, drives the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve around the axis thereof in the first direction, and starts the water pump; the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pump technology, and in particular to a water pump and a control method for an electronic water pump. Background Technology

[0002] Electronic water pumps are important components in equipment used in the home appliance, food, and automotive industries, providing power for the circulation of hot and cold water and the supply of water to the equipment.

[0003] In the current home appliance industry, water pumps are mainly started by controlling a switch with circuit control. The disadvantage is that it requires an additional switch assembly, making it unsuitable for situations with limited space or where the switch is far from the water pump, thus having certain limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by providing a water pump and a control method for an electronic water pump.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] A water pump, comprising:

[0007] Pump casing, having an open end;

[0008] Pump cover, installed at the open end of the pump casing; has an inlet and an outlet;

[0009] A shielding sleeve is provided in the cavity formed by the pump casing and the pump cover, dividing the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity, wherein the pump cavity is connected to the inlet and the outlet respectively.

[0010] The rotor is disposed inside the pump chamber and is capable of rotating about its axis relative to the shielding sleeve;

[0011] The stator, disposed within the waterproof cavity, is used to drive the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve in a first direction about its axis; it has an insulating frame, and a stator core and winding coils respectively disposed on the insulating frame;

[0012] The controller is located inside the waterproof cavity and is connected to the winding coil;

[0013] As water flows back from the outlet to the inlet, forcing the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve along its axis in the second direction, the controller senses the change in the magnetic field when the rotor rotates and controls the winding coil to be energized, driving the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve along its axis in the first direction, thus starting the water pump; the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

[0014] Preferably, the inlet is used to connect to an external water tank, and the outlet is used to connect to an external valve through a pipeline; the water level in the pipeline is higher than the water level in the water tank, and after the valve is opened, the water in the pipeline flows back from the outlet to the inlet under atmospheric pressure.

[0015] Preferably, when the current in the winding coil is less than a set threshold, the controller controls the winding coil to de-energize, thereby automatically stopping the water pump.

[0016] Preferably, the threshold is 0.15A.

[0017] Preferably, after the valve connected to the outlet is closed for 2-60 seconds, the current in the winding coil is less than a set threshold.

[0018] Preferably, the impeller of the rotor extends into the pump cover, and the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller gradually decreases from the outlet along the second direction.

[0019] Preferably, the minimum radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the maximum radial distance is 1.5-5 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller gradually decreases within a 270-degree range along the second direction, starting from the outlet.

[0021] Preferably, an annular inner ring is formed on the inner wall of the pump cover, and the wall thickness of the annular inner ring gradually increases from the outlet along the second direction.

[0022] Preferably, the end of the inner ring forms a stepped surface.

[0023] Preferably, the rotor comprises:

[0024] A rotating shaft, one end of which is coaxially mounted on a shielding sleeve via a bearing;

[0025] The impeller is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft;

[0026] The magnet is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft and extends into the shielding sleeve;

[0027] The end cover bracket is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft via bearings and is located between the impeller and the magnet;

[0028] The end cap bracket is confined to the end face of the shielding sleeve and can only move relative to the shielding sleeve along the axis of rotation.

[0029] Preferably, the end cap bracket is located between the end face of the shielding sleeve and the stepped surface. When the end cap bracket is attached to the end face of the shielding sleeve, the distance from the stepped surface to the end cap bracket is 0.1-0.2 mm.

[0030] Preferably, the impeller comprises:

[0031] The impeller body is basically circular, with an axial through hole and several blades evenly distributed around the axial through hole.

[0032] The impeller cover is connected to the blades, thus forming several water outlet channels that communicate with the axial through holes;

[0033] The impeller cover has a raised section at its center that is coaxial with the axial through hole, and the outer wall of the raised section forms a flow-guiding arc surface.

[0034] Preferably, the controller includes a Hall effect sensor, an MCU, and several MOSFETs, wherein,

[0035] The Hall effect sensor is used to sense the change in the magnetic field of the rotor as it rotates relative to the shielding sleeve during the process of water flowing back from the outlet to the inlet and forcing the rotor to rotate about its axis in a second direction, and to send a start signal to the MCU.

[0036] The MCU communicates with both the Hall sensor and the MOSFET. After receiving the start signal from the Hall sensor, it controls the MOSFET to work in an orderly manner.

[0037] The MOS transistor, in response to the control of the MCU, supplies an ordered electrical signal to the winding coil, thereby generating an ordered magnetic field, driving the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve in a first direction around its axis, and starting the water pump.

[0038] A control method for an electronic water pump, applied to a controller of the electronic water pump, the method comprising:

[0039] During the process of water flowing back from the outlet to the inlet of the electronic water pump and forcing the rotor of the electronic water pump to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve of the electronic water pump in the second direction around its axis, the change of the magnetic field during the rotation of the rotor is sensed.

[0040] The winding coil of the electronic water pump is energized, driving the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve in a first direction around its axis, thereby starting the electronic water pump;

[0041] The first direction is opposite to the second direction.

[0042] Preferably, the inlet is used to connect to an external water tank, and the outlet is used to connect to an external valve through a pipeline; the water level in the pipeline is higher than the water level in the water tank, and after the valve is opened, the water in the pipeline flows back from the outlet to the inlet under atmospheric pressure.

[0043] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0044] Once the current in the winding coil is detected to be less than a set threshold, the winding coil is de-energized to automatically stop the electronic water pump.

[0045] Preferably, the threshold is 0.15A.

[0046] Preferably, after the valve connected to the outlet is closed for 2-60 seconds, the current in the winding coil is less than a set threshold.

[0047] Preferably, the controller includes a Hall effect sensor, an MCU, and several MOSFETs;

[0048] During the process of water flowing back from the outlet to the inlet of the electronic water pump and forcing the rotor of the electronic water pump to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve of the electronic water pump in the second direction around its axis, the Hall sensor element senses the change in the magnetic field when the rotor rotates and sends a start signal to the MCU.

[0049] After receiving the start signal from the Hall sensor, the MCU controls the MOSFETs to operate in an orderly manner.

[0050] The MOS transistor responds to the control of the MCU, supplying an ordered electrical signal to the winding coil of the electronic water pump, thereby generating an ordered magnetic field, driving the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve in a first direction around its axis, and starting the electronic water pump.

[0051] Preferably, after the MCU of the controller detects that the current of the winding coil is less than a set threshold, it controls the winding coil to be de-energized, thereby realizing the automatic stop of the electronic water pump.

[0052] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0053] 1. As water flows back from the outlet to the inlet, forcing the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve along its axis in the second direction, the controller senses the change in the magnetic field when the rotor rotates and controls the winding coil to be energized, driving the rotor to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve along its axis in the first direction (opposite to the second direction), thus starting the water pump. That is, the return flow of water forces the rotor to rotate along its axis in the second direction. Since the rotor rotates in the first direction during the operation of the water pump, the controller senses the change in the magnetic field when the rotor rotates, and then controls the winding coil to be energized, thereby starting the water pump. Compared with the switch-start method in the prior art, this not only simplifies the structure but also has better applicability.

[0054] 2. The inlet is used to connect to an external water tank, and the outlet is used to connect to an external valve through a pipeline. The water level in the pipeline is higher than the water level in the tank. After the valve is opened, the water in the pipeline flows back from the outlet to the inlet under atmospheric pressure. That is, when the user opens the valve, the water flows back from the outlet to the inlet, thereby realizing the self-starting of the water pump in the aforementioned manner. One action realizes both the opening of the valve and the self-starting of the water pump.

[0055] 3. When the current in the winding coil is less than a set threshold, the controller de-energizes the winding coil, thereby automatically stopping the water pump. During use, after the valve is closed, the current in the winding coil decreases due to the reduced load. When the current in the winding coil is less than the set threshold, the controller de-energizes the winding coil, thereby automatically stopping the water pump. In other words, the user can close the valve and stop the water pump with a single action.

[0056] 4. The impeller of the rotor extends into the pump cover, and the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller gradually decreases from the outlet along the second direction. Thus, when water flows back from the outlet to the inlet, water spread is reduced, and the power of the water driving the impeller during the backflow is enhanced, thereby providing sufficient water flow power to the impeller.

[0057] 5. The end cover bracket is located between the end face of the shielding sleeve and the stepped surface. When the end cover bracket is attached to the end face of the shielding sleeve, the distance from the stepped surface to the end cover bracket is 0.1-0.2mm. During operation, the stepped surface and the end face of the shielding sleeve allow the end cover bracket to move axially within a fixed range, but the end cover bracket is not axially fixed. In this way, the rotor can effectively prevent rotor jamming caused by dimensional and positional tolerances such as coaxiality of parts during operation, thus playing an adjustment role. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the water pump of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the water pump of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the pump casing of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 4 The three-dimensional shape of the pump cover of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0062] Figure 5 The three-dimensional shape of the pump cover of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0063] Figure 6 This is a plan view of the pump cover of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the shielding sleeve of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the rotor of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 9 The three-dimensional end cap bracket of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0067] Figure 10 The three-dimensional end cap bracket of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0068] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of the impeller of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the impeller of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the stator of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the controller of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 15 This is a circuit block diagram of the controller of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 16 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the controller of the present invention.

[0074] The markings in the image are as follows:

[0075] Pump casing 1; mounting hole 11; positioning rib 12; wire passage hole 13;

[0076] Pump cover 2; Inlet 21; Outlet 22; Inner ring 23; Stepped surface 24; Nail hole 25;

[0077] Shielding sleeve 3; shielding sleeve body 31; first bearing 32; limiting rib 33; sealing groove 34; positioning post 35;

[0078] Rotor 4; Rotating shaft 41; Impeller 42; Impeller body 421; Axial through hole 4211; Blade 4212; Impeller cover 422; Raised section 4221; Guide arc surface 4222; Mounting groove 4223; Water outlet channel 423; Magnet 43; End cover bracket 44; Bracket body 441; Second bearing 442; Positioning hole 443; Water passage hole 444; Guide rib 445;

[0079] Stator 5; Insulating frame 51; Limiting post 511; Limiting pin 512; Positioning hook 513; Stator core 52; Winding coil 53; Positioning slot 54; Limiting slot 55;

[0080] Controller 6; Hall effect sensor 61; MCU 62; MOSFET 63; Circuit board 64; Circular hole 641; Square hole 642; Power cable 65;

[0081] 7. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0082] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, a clear and complete description will be provided below in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0083] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 An example of a water pump includes:

[0084] Pump casing 1 has an open end;

[0085] Pump cover 2 is installed at the open end of pump housing 1, and the pump housing 1 and pump cover 2 together form a cavity; pump cover 2 has an inlet 21 and an outlet 22;

[0086] The shielding sleeve 3 is set in the cavity formed by the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2, dividing the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity, and the pump cavity is connected to the inlet 21 and the outlet 22 respectively.

[0087] The rotor 4 is disposed in the pump chamber and is able to rotate about its axis relative to the shielding sleeve 3. This includes the case where the entire rotor 4 rotates about its axis relative to the shielding sleeve 3, as well as the case where some structures in the rotor 4, such as magnets, impellers, etc., rotate about their axis relative to the shielding sleeve 3.

[0088] The stator 5 is disposed in the waterproof cavity and is used to drive the rotor 4 to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve 3 in a first direction around its axis; the stator 5 has an insulating frame 51, and a stator core 52 and a winding coil 53 respectively disposed on the insulating frame 51.

[0089] The controller 6 is located inside the waterproof cavity and is connected to the winding coil 53;

[0090] As water flows back from outlet 22 to inlet 21, forcing rotor 4 to rotate relative to shielding sleeve 3 in a second direction (opposite to the first direction) around its axis, controller 6 senses the change in magnetic field during rotor 4's rotation and energizes winding coil 53, driving rotor 4 to rotate relative to shielding sleeve 3 in the first direction around its axis, thereby starting the water pump. Because rotor 4 rotates in the first direction around its axis during pump operation, and the backflow of water forces rotor 4 to rotate in the second direction around its axis, controller 6 senses the change in magnetic field during rotor 4's rotation and energizes winding coil 53, thus starting the water pump. Compared to the switch-start method used in existing technologies, this method simplifies the structure and has better applicability.

[0091] In some practical applications, the inlet 21 is used to connect to an external water tank, and the outlet 22 is used to connect to an external valve through a pipeline. The water level in the pipeline is higher than the water level in the tank. After the valve is opened, the water in the pipeline flows back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21 under atmospheric pressure. That is, when the user opens the valve, the water flows back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21, forcing the rotor 4 to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve 3 in the second direction around its axis, thereby realizing the self-starting of the water pump in the aforementioned manner. One action realizes both the opening of the valve and the self-starting of the water pump.

[0092] In other practical applications, when the current in the winding coil 53 is less than a set threshold (e.g., 0.15A), the controller 6 de-energizes the winding coil 53, thus automatically stopping the water pump. During normal operation, the current in the winding coil 53 is greater than the set threshold. When the user closes the valve, the load decreases, and the water pump no longer operates under rated conditions. The current in its winding coil 53 decreases. When the controller 6 detects that the current in the winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold, it de-energizes the winding coil 53, causing the rotor 4 to stop rotating, thus stopping the water pump. In other words, the user achieves both valve closure and pump stoppage with a single action. Furthermore, 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the current in the winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold. That is, 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the rotor 4 stops rotating. At this time, the pipeline will be filled with water, allowing the water to flow back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21 under atmospheric pressure when the user opens the valve. Thus, users can start the water pump automatically by opening the valve and stop the water pump by closing the valve. Upon initial power supply, the water pump starts (the water pump will start under the control of the MCU if any of the following conditions are met: 1. The MCU receives a start signal from the Hall sensor while powered on; 2. The water pump is powered on for the first time, or is powered on again after a power outage).

[0093] like Figure 3As shown, in some practical applications, the pump housing 1 is basically a cylinder with at least one open end (of course, its surface can also be designed as a stepped shape—composed of two hollow cylinders with different outer diameters) and is made of non-magnetic metal material (such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc.) or non-magnetic plastic material with a certain strength (such as engineering plastic). The pump housing 1 serves two purposes: firstly, it connects with the pump cover 2 to form the cavity, and secondly, it supports the stator 5. In some specific implementations, the pump housing 1 has several mounting holes 11 distributed circumferentially (for example, four mounting holes) for connecting with the pump cover 2 to form the cavity. In other specific implementations, the inner wall of the pump housing 1 is provided with positioning ribs 12 parallel to the axial direction. The number of ribs can be one or more, generally 1-3, to support the stator 5 and prevent the stator 5 from rotating relative to the pump housing 1. In some specific implementations, a wire hole 13 is provided at the bottom end of the pump housing 1 (the end opposite to the open end) so that external wiring can be connected to the controller 6 through the wire hole 13 via a waterproof connector.

[0094] like Figures 4-6 As shown, in some practical applications, the pump cover 2 is made of a non-magnetic metal material (e.g., aluminum, aluminum alloy) or a non-magnetic plastic material with a certain strength (e.g., engineering plastic). Its inlet 21 is located at the end of the pump cover 2, and its outlet 22 is located on the side of the pump cover 2, with the axis of the outlet 22 parallel to the end face of the pump cover 2. In some specific implementations, the pump cover 2 has several nail holes 25 (e.g., four nail holes) distributed circumferentially to match the mounting holes 11. One end of the bolt passes through the nail hole 25 and is threaded into the mounting hole 11, thereby installing the pump cover 2 onto the pump housing 1. Furthermore, after the pump cover 2 is installed on the pump housing 1, water entering the pump will not leak from the connection between the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2. In some specific implementations, a sealing ring can be provided at the connection between the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2, or a sealing ring can be provided between the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 and the pump cover 2 to achieve the aforementioned purpose. Among them, the solution of setting a sealing ring 7 between the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 and the pump cover 2 has a better technical effect: it reduces the sealing requirements between the shielding sleeve 3 and the pump housing 1, because water will not seep to the outside of the sealing ring, and of course, it will not enter the waterproof cavity through the gap (if any) between the shielding sleeve 3 and the pump housing 1.

[0095] like Figure 7 As shown, in some practical applications, the shielding sleeve 3 includes:

[0096] The shielding sleeve body 31 is basically a cylindrical structure with one end open. Its open end is bent outward to form a flange, which serves as the end face of the shielding sleeve 3. After the shielding sleeve 3 is installed in the pump housing 1, the shielding sleeve body 31 is at least partially embedded in the pump housing 1, and the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 is exposed.

[0097] The first bearing 32 is located at the bottom end of the shielding sleeve body 31 (the end opposite to the open end) and is used to support one end of the rotor 4.

[0098] Limiting ribs 33 are set on the outer side wall of the shielding sleeve body 31 and arranged parallel to the axis of the shielding sleeve body 31. There can be one or more of them, generally 3-8 are selected, and they are used to cooperate with the stator 5 to achieve anti-rotation.

[0099] The sealing groove 34 is set on the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 and is ring-shaped to hold the sealing ring 7. In this way, after the pump cover 2 is installed on the pump housing 1, the pump cover 2 is pressed against the sealing ring 7 to achieve a seal, which can effectively prevent water from seeping out of the pump cavity. The water flows smoothly in the pump body without leakage, ensuring the normal operation of the water pump.

[0100] There are at least two positioning posts 35, which are set on the end face of the shielding sleeve 3, with their length direction parallel to the axis of the shielding sleeve body 31; generally, 2-4 are set.

[0101] like Figure 8 As shown, in some practical applications, the rotor 4 includes:

[0102] One end of the rotating shaft 41 is coaxially mounted on the shielding sleeve 3 via the first bearing 32;

[0103] Impeller 42 is coaxially fixed on rotating shaft 41;

[0104] Magnet 43 is coaxially fixed on rotating shaft 41 and extends into shielding sleeve 3; in some practical applications, the axial length of magnet 43 is about 3-6mm longer than the axial length of stator core 52 (which is more conducive to Hall sensing element capturing signal), and it has at least one pair of N and S magnetic poles.

[0105] The end cover bracket 44 is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft 41 via bearings and is located between the impeller 42 and the magnet 43;

[0106] The end cap bracket 44 is confined to the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 and can only move relative to the shielding sleeve 3 along the axis of the rotating shaft 41. That is, one end of the rotating shaft 41 is supported on the shielding sleeve 3 by the first bearing 32, and the other end is supported on the shielding sleeve 3 by the end cap bracket 44. When the rotating shaft 41 rotates, the impeller 42 and the magnet 43 will rotate together with the rotating shaft 41, while the end cap bracket 44 remains stationary.

[0107] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, in some practical applications, the end cap support 44 includes:

[0108] The bracket body 441 has a through hole coaxially formed at its center.

[0109] The second bearing 442 is coaxially installed in the through hole and is used to have a clearance fit with the rotating shaft 41. On the one hand, the end cover bracket 44 can rotate relative to the rotating shaft 41, and on the other hand, the end cover bracket 44 can move relative to the rotating shaft 41 along its axial direction.

[0110] Positioning holes 443 are located on the bracket body 441. Their number and position correspond to the positioning pins 35. By using the cooperation of positioning pins 35 and positioning holes 443, the end cover bracket 44 is limited on the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 (it can only move relative to the shielding sleeve along the axis of rotation, and cannot rotate or move in a direction parallel to the end face of the shielding sleeve).

[0111] Water passage hole 444 is located on the support body 441. Water can smoothly enter the interior of the shielding sleeve 3 through the water passage hole 444 (entering through the open end of the shielding sleeve body 31). It lubricates the first bearing 32, the second bearing 442 and the rotating shaft 41 when they rotate relative to each other, and provides the rotor 4 with a cavity with a lubrication system, thereby reducing the resistance to the rotation of the rotor 4 when the water flows back from the outlet 22. In some actual implementations, the number of water passage holes 444 is 6-10, which are evenly distributed on the support body 441.

[0112] In other practical applications, the support body 441 is also provided with a number of guide ribs 445, the gap between two adjacent guide ribs 445 is arranged directly opposite the water passage hole 444, and each guide rib 445 extends into the shielding sleeve 3 (entering through the open end of the shielding sleeve body 31); in this way, the water passing through the water passage hole 444 will quickly enter the shielding sleeve 3 under the action of the guide ribs 445.

[0113] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, in some practical applications, the impeller 42 includes:

[0114] The impeller body 421 is basically circular, with an axial through hole 4211 and a number of blades 4212 evenly distributed around the axial through hole 4211; in some actual implementations, the blades 4212 are arc-shaped structures.

[0115] The impeller cover 422 is connected to the blade 4212, thereby forming a plurality of water outlet channels 423 that communicate with the axial through holes 4211; in some actual implementations, the impeller cover 422 is provided with a mounting groove 4223, and the blade 4212 is embedded in the mounting groove 4223, thereby connecting the impeller body 421 and the impeller cover 422 into a whole.

[0116] The impeller cover 422 has a raised section 4221 coaxial with the axial through hole 4211 at its center. The gap between the raised section 4221 and the edge of the axial through hole 4211 is the water inlet of the impeller 42. The outer wall of the raised section 4221 forms a flow guiding arc surface 4222. By utilizing the flow guiding effect of the flow guiding arc surface 4222, the energy loss of the water flow can be reduced when the water flows from the water inlet 21 to the water outlet 22 or from the water outlet 22 back to the water inlet 21.

[0117] like Figure 13 As shown, in some practical applications, the stator 5 includes an insulating frame 51, and a stator core 52 and a winding coil 53 respectively disposed on the insulating frame 51. When the winding coil 53 is energized, it generates a rotating magnetic field, thereby driving the rotor 4 to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve 3 about its axis in a first direction. In other practical applications, the outer walls of the insulating frame 51 and / or the stator core 52 are also provided with positioning grooves 54 that match the positioning ribs 12. After the stator 5 is installed in the waterproof cavity, the positioning ribs 12 are embedded in the positioning grooves 54, thereby installing the stator 5 in the pump housing 1. The inner wall of the insulating frame 51 is also provided with limiting grooves 55 that match the limiting ribs 33. After the shielding sleeve 3 is installed in the pump housing 1 and the stator 5 is installed in the waterproof cavity, the limiting ribs 33 are embedded in the limiting grooves 55. In some practical applications, the ends of the insulating frame 51 are respectively provided with a number of limiting posts 511, limiting pins 512 and a number of positioning hooks 513, which are used to fix the controller 6 to the ends of the insulating frame 51. In this embodiment, there are three limiting posts 511, one limiting pin 512 and two positioning hooks 513. The three limiting posts 511 are arranged in a triangle, and the one limiting pin 512 and the two positioning hooks 513 are also arranged in a triangle.

[0118] like Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 As shown, in some practical applications, the controller 6 includes a Hall effect sensor 61, an MCU 62, and several MOSFETs 63. The Hall effect sensor 61, MCU 62, and several MOSFETs 63 are all mounted on a circuit board 64.

[0119] Hall effect sensor 61 is used to sense the change in magnetic field of rotor 4 during the process of water flowing back from outlet 22 to inlet 21 and forcing rotor 4 to rotate relative to shielding sleeve 3 along its axis in a second direction, and sends a start signal to MCU 62 (as a signal to notify MCU to control MOS transistors to work in an orderly manner, thereby energizing the winding coil). In some practical applications, 1-3 Hall effect sensors 61 can be set. In some implementations, Hall effect sensors 61 are located in the slot of insulating frame 51, that is, in the slot of limiting slot 55, to better sense the change in magnetic field of rotor 4 during rotation. In some practical applications, Hall effect sensor 61 is selected as model AH694. Figure 16 (U1 in the middle).

[0120] MCU62 is communicatively connected to Hall sensor 61 and MOSFET 63 respectively. Upon receiving a start signal from Hall sensor 61, it controls MOSFET 63 to operate in an orderly manner. In some practical applications, MCU62 is selected as model LKS32MC057EM6S8. Figure 16 (U6 in the middle).

[0121] MOSFET 63, responding to the control of MCU 62, supplies ordered electrical signals to winding coil 53, thereby generating an ordered magnetic field, driving rotor 4 to rotate relative to shielding sleeve 3 about its axis in a first direction, thus starting the water pump; in some practical applications, there are three MOSFETs 63 to control the energizing phase sequence of winding coil 53; in some practical applications, the MOSFET 63 selected is model NCE40NP2815G MOSFET (…). Figure 16 (Q5, Q6, Q7 in the text).

[0122] The circuit board 64 has a circular hole 641 and a square hole 642 for fixing. When the circuit board 64 is installed on the insulating frame 51, one end face of the circuit board 64 abuts against three limiting posts 511 to control the distance between the circuit board 64 and the insulating frame 51. The limiting pin 512 is embedded in the circular hole 641, and the two positioning hooks 513 are embedded in the two square holes 642 respectively, and their hooks hook the other end face of the circuit board 64, thereby fixing the circuit board 64.

[0123] Power cord 65 has one end connected to an external power source via a waterproof connector, and the other end connected to MCU62.

[0124] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, in the assembled state, the impeller 42 of the rotor 4 extends into the pump cover 2, and the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases from the outlet 22 along the second direction. Thus, when water flows back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21, water spread is reduced, enhancing the power of the water to drive the impeller 42 during the backflow, thereby providing sufficient water flow power to the impeller 42. In some specific implementations, the minimum radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the maximum radial distance is 1.5-5 mm. In other specific implementations, the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases within a 270-degree range along the second direction from the outlet 22. Figures 4-6 As shown, in some specific implementations, an annular inner ring 23 is formed on the inner wall of the pump cover 2. The wall thickness of this annular inner ring starts from the outlet 22 along the second direction (which is also the direction in which the rotor is forced to rotate when the water flows back from the outlet to the inlet). Figure 6 The radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually increases from the outlet 22 along the second direction. When the impeller 42 extends into the pump cover 2, the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases from the outlet 22 along the second direction.

[0125] In another preferred embodiment of this invention, the end of the inner ring 23 forms a stepped surface 24. The end cap bracket 44 is positioned between the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 and the stepped surface 24. When the end cap bracket 44 is in contact with the end face of the shielding sleeve 3, the distance between the stepped surface 24 and the end cap bracket 44 is 0.1-0.2 mm (i.e., there is a gap of 0.1-0.2 mm between them). During operation, the stepped surface 24 and the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 allow the end cap bracket 44 to move axially within a fixed range, but the end cap bracket 44 is not axially fixed. In this way, the rotor 4 can effectively prevent the rotor 4 from jamming due to the coaxiality and other dimensional tolerances of the parts during operation, thus playing an adjustment role.

[0126] To facilitate understanding, the working principle of the water pump of this invention is illustrated below with examples:

[0127] When using the water pump, the user should install a valve at a height of 0.5 meters or above on the pipe connected to the outlet 22. The inlet 21 is generally connected to the bottom of the water tank. When the water pump is powered on, the pump will start working, and water will enter from the inlet 21, then exit from the outlet 22, and then through the pipe and valve to the user's access pipe.

[0128] After the user closes the valve, the current in the winding coil 53 decreases due to the reduced load. When the controller 6 detects that the current in the winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold (0.15A), it stops supplying power to the winding coil 53, and the rotor 4 stops rotating, thus achieving the self-stop function. Furthermore, 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the current in the winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold, meaning that 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the rotor 4 stops rotating, and the pipeline will be filled with water. When a user needs water, they open the valve. At this time, because the water level in the pipe from the valve to the outlet 22 is higher than the water level in the tank at the inlet 21, the water in the pipe will quickly flow back under atmospheric pressure. The water flows back through the outlet 22 and immediately impacts the blades 4212 of the impeller 42 before returning to the inlet 21. When the water level in the pipe is equal to the water level in the tank, the water will stop flowing. During this process, the impeller 42 rotates around its axis in the second direction under the impact of the water flow, and the magnet 43 also rotates synchronously. At this time, the Hall sensor 61 will quickly sense the change in the polarity of the magnetic field when the magnet 43 rotates, and then generate a stable signal, which is fed back to the MCU 62 as a start signal. After receiving the signal, the MCU 62 will control the winding coil 53 to be energized, thereby achieving the self-start function.

[0129] This embodiment also provides a control method for an electronic water pump, applied to the controller of the electronic water pump, the method comprising:

[0130] During the process of water flowing back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21 of the electronic water pump and forcing the rotor 4 of the electronic water pump to rotate about its axis in the second direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3 of the electronic water pump, the change of the magnetic field when the rotor 4 rotates is sensed.

[0131] The winding coil 53 of the electronic water pump is energized, driving the rotor 4 to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve 3 in the first direction around its axis, thus starting the electronic water pump.

[0132] The first direction is opposite to the second direction. Compared to the switch-activated method used in the prior art, it has better applicability.

[0133] In some practical applications, the inlet 21 is used to connect to an external water tank, and the outlet 22 is used to connect to an external valve through a pipeline. The water level in the pipeline is higher than the water level in the tank. After the valve is opened, the water in the pipeline flows back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21 under atmospheric pressure. That is, when the user opens the valve, the water flows back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21, forcing the rotor 4 to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve 3 in the second direction around its axis, thereby realizing the self-starting of the water pump in the aforementioned manner. One action realizes both the opening of the valve and the self-starting of the water pump.

[0134] In other practical applications, the method further includes:

[0135] When the current in the winding coil 53 is detected to be less than a set threshold (e.g., 0.15A), the controller de-energizes the winding coil 53, thus automatically stopping the electronic water pump. During normal operation, the current in the winding coil 53 is greater than the set threshold. When the user closes the valve, the load decreases, and the water pump no longer operates under rated conditions. The current in its winding coil 53 decreases. When the controller 6 detects that the current in the winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold, it de-energizes the winding coil 53, causing the rotor 4 to stop rotating, thus stopping the water pump. In other words, the user achieves both valve closure and pump stoppage with a single action. Furthermore, 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the current in the winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold. That is, 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the rotor 4 stops rotating. At this time, the pipeline will be filled with water, allowing the water to flow back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21 under atmospheric pressure when the user opens the valve. In this way, users can start the water pump automatically by opening the valve and stop the water pump by closing the valve.

[0136] In some practical implementations, the controller includes a Hall sensor 61, an MCU 62, and several MOS transistors 63;

[0137] During the process of water flowing back from the outlet 22 to the inlet 21 of the electronic water pump and forcing the rotor 4 of the electronic water pump to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve 3 of the electronic water pump in the second direction around its axis, the Hall sensor 61 senses the change in the magnetic field when the rotor 4 rotates and sends a start signal to the MCU 62.

[0138] After receiving the start signal from the Hall sensor 61, the MCU62 controls the MOS transistor 63 to work in an orderly manner.

[0139] In response to the control of MCU62, MOS transistor 63 supplies an ordered electrical signal to the winding coil 53 of the electronic water pump, thereby generating an ordered magnetic field, driving the rotor 4 to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve 3 about its axis in a first direction, and starting the electronic water pump.

[0140] In some other implementations, the MCU62 of the controller 6 detects that the current of the winding coil 53 is less than a set threshold, and controls the winding coil 53 to be de-energized, thereby realizing the automatic stop of the electronic water pump.

[0141] Many specific details have been set forth in the foregoing description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above.

[0142] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

Claims

1. A water pump, characterized in that, include: Pump casing (1) has an open end; Pump cover (2), installed at the open end of pump casing (1); has an inlet (21) and an outlet (22); A shielding sleeve (3) is set in the cavity formed by the pump housing (1) and the pump cover (2), dividing the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity, which are respectively connected to the inlet (21) and the outlet (22). The rotor (4) is disposed in the pump chamber and is able to rotate about its axis relative to the shielding sleeve (3); The stator (5) is disposed in the waterproof cavity and is used to drive the rotor (4) to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve (3) about its axis in a first direction; it has an insulating frame (51) and a stator core (52) and a winding coil (53) respectively disposed on the insulating frame (51); The controller (6) is located inside the waterproof cavity and is connected to the winding coil (53); As the water flows back from the outlet (22) to the inlet (21) and forces the rotor (4) to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve (3) along its axis in the second direction, the controller (6) senses the change in the magnetic field when the rotor (4) rotates and controls the winding coil (53) to be energized, driving the rotor (4) to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve (3) along its axis in the first direction, thus starting the water pump; the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

2. The water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet (21) is used to connect to an external water tank, and the outlet (22) is used to connect to an external valve through a pipeline. The water level in the pipeline is higher than the water level in the water tank. After the valve is opened, the water in the pipeline flows back from the outlet (22) to the inlet (21) under atmospheric pressure.

3. The water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the current of the winding coil (53) is less than the set threshold, the controller (6) controls the winding coil (53) to be de-energized, thereby automatically stopping the water pump.

4. The water pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: The threshold is 0.15A.

5. The water pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: After the valve connected to the outlet (22) is closed for 2-60 seconds, the current in the winding coil (53) is less than the set threshold.

6. The water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller (42) of the rotor (4) extends into the pump cover (2), and the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover (2) and the outer edge of the impeller (42) gradually decreases from the outlet (22) along the second direction.

7. The water pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: The minimum radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover (2) and the outer edge of the impeller (42) is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the maximum radial distance is 1.5-5 mm.

8. The water pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover (2) and the outer edge of the impeller (42) gradually decreases within a range of 270 degrees along the second direction, starting from the outlet (22).

9. The water pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular inner ring (23) is formed on the inner wall of the pump cover (2), and the wall thickness of the annular inner ring gradually increases from the outlet (22) along the second direction.

10. The water pump according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end of the inner ring (23) forms a stepped surface (24).

11. The water pump according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that... The rotor (4) includes: The rotating shaft (41) is coaxially mounted on the shielding sleeve (3) at one end via a bearing; The impeller (42) is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft (41); The magnet (43) is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft (41) and extends into the shielding sleeve (3); The end cover bracket (44) is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft (41) via a bearing and is located between the impeller (42) and the magnet (43); The end cap bracket (44) is confined to the end face of the shielding sleeve (3) and can only move relative to the shielding sleeve (3) along the axis of the rotation axis (41).

12. The water pump according to claim 11, characterized in that: When claim 11 refers to claim 9, the end cap bracket (44) is located between the end face of the shielding sleeve (3) and the step surface (24). When the end cap bracket (44) is attached to the end face of the shielding sleeve (3), the distance from the step surface (24) to the end cap bracket (44) is 0.1-0.2 mm.

13. The water pump according to claim 11, characterized in that... The impeller (42) includes: The impeller body (421) is basically circular, with an axial through hole (4211) and several blades (4212) evenly distributed around the axial through hole (4211). The impeller cover (422) is connected to the blade (4212), thereby forming several water outlet channels (423) that communicate with the axial through hole (4211); The impeller cover (422) has a raised section (4221) at its center that is coaxial with the axial through hole (4211), and the outer side wall of the raised section (4221) forms a flow guiding arc surface (4222).

14. The water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (6) includes a Hall effect sensor (61), an MCU (62), and several MOSFETs (63), wherein, Hall effect sensor (61) is used to sense the water flow back from outlet (22) to inlet (21) and to force rotor (4) to rotate relative to shield sleeve (3) in the second direction around its axis. The change in magnetic field when rotor (4) rotates is sent to MCU (62) to sense the water flow back from outlet (22) to inlet (21) and to force rotor (4) to rotate relative to shield sleeve (3) in the second direction. The MCU (62) is connected to the Hall sensor (61) and the MOS transistor (63) respectively. After receiving the start signal sent by the Hall sensor (61), it controls the MOS transistor (63) to work in an orderly manner. The MOS transistor (63), in response to the control of the MCU (62), supplies an ordered electrical signal to the winding coil (53), thereby generating an ordered magnetic field, driving the rotor (4) to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve (3) about its axis in a first direction, and starting the water pump.

15. A control method for an electronic water pump, applied to the controller of the electronic water pump, characterized in that... The method includes: During the process of water flowing back from the outlet (22) to the inlet (21) of the electronic water pump and forcing the rotor (4) of the electronic water pump to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve (3) of the electronic water pump in the second direction around its axis, the change of the magnetic field when the rotor (4) rotates is sensed. The winding coil (53) of the electronic water pump is energized, driving the rotor (4) to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve (3) in the first direction around its axis, thus starting the electronic water pump; The first direction is opposite to the second direction.

16. The control method for an electronic water pump according to claim 15, characterized in that: The inlet (21) is used to connect to an external water tank, and the outlet (22) is used to connect to an external valve through a pipeline. The water level in the pipeline is higher than the water level in the water tank. After the valve is opened, the water in the pipeline flows back from the outlet (22) to the inlet (21) under atmospheric pressure.

17. The control method for an electronic water pump according to claim 15, characterized in that... The method further includes: After detecting that the current of the winding coil (53) is less than the set threshold, the winding coil (53) is de-energized to realize the automatic stop of the electronic water pump.

18. The control method for an electronic water pump according to claim 17, characterized in that: The threshold is 0.15A.

19. The control method for an electronic water pump according to claim 17, characterized in that: After the valve connected to the outlet (22) is closed for 2-60 seconds, the current in the winding coil (53) is less than the set threshold.

20. The control method for an electronic water pump according to claim 15, characterized in that: The controller includes a Hall sensor (61), an MCU (62), and several MOS transistors (63); During the process of water flowing back from the outlet (22) to the inlet (21) of the electronic water pump and forcing the rotor (4) of the electronic water pump to rotate relative to the shield (3) of the electronic water pump in the second direction around its axis, the Hall sensor (61) senses the change in the magnetic field when the rotor (4) rotates and sends a start signal to the MCU (62). After receiving the start signal sent by the Hall sensor (61), the MCU (62) controls the MOS transistor (63) to work in an orderly manner; The MOS transistor (63) responds to the control of the MCU (62) and supplies an ordered electrical signal to the winding coil (53) of the electronic water pump, thereby generating an ordered magnetic field, driving the rotor (4) to rotate relative to the shielding sleeve (3) about its axis in a first direction, and starting the electronic water pump.

21. The control method for an electronic water pump according to claim 17, characterized in that: After the MCU (62) of the controller (6) detects that the current of the winding coil (53) is less than the set threshold, it controls the winding coil (53) to be de-energized, thereby realizing the automatic stop of the electronic water pump.

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