Double-chamber multipurpose incineration boiler

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial waste treatment, and relates to a double-chamber multipurpose incineration boiler which comprises double boiler chambers and a screen type convection heat exchanger, and boiler chamber outlets of the double boiler chambers are in butt joint with a heat exchange inlet of the screen type convection heat exchanger; the double furnace chambers comprise a first furnace chamber and a second furnace chamber, the first furnace chamber comprises a heat insulation combustion section and a first burnout section, the second furnace chamber comprises a radiation heat exchange section and a second burnout section, the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are arranged side by side, a furnace chamber inlet is formed in the right front end of the first furnace chamber, and a furnace chamber outlet is formed in the right rear end of the second furnace chamber. The first burnout section is communicated with the second burnout section, and furnace chamber outlets of the double furnace chambers are formed in the front end of the side portion of the second furnace chamber. The low-salt-content organic three wastes can be treated at the same time, the requirement for simultaneous treatment of solid-liquid-gas mixed wastes at present is met, and the problem that the repeated investment cost is high due to the fact that complete equipment needs to be independently arranged for treatment of different types of wastes is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial waste treatment and relates to an incineration boiler, in particular to a double-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler. Background Art

[0002] New energy, new medicine, petrochemical, chemical fiber, dye, food, pharmaceutical, coal chemical and other industries will produce salt-containing organic wastes (solid, liquid, and gas) during the production process, among which waste liquid is the majority, as well as high-organic fuel oil (tar, X oil, heavy oil, etc.) with very little salt; there is also tail gas generated by coal chemical preparation and regeneration of activated carbon; the components produced after combustion are mostly carbohydrates and a small amount of inorganic salts or miscellaneous salts.

[0003] At present, the treatment method adopted is mainly to classify the waste types. Solid waste is mainly treated by rotary kiln adiabatic incinerator; waste liquid and waste gas are treated by traditional industrial vertical and horizontal boilers.

[0004] The existing processing methods have the following problems:

[0005] 1. The biggest disadvantage of using a rotary kiln adiabatic incinerator to treat solid waste is that the furnace lining is prone to peeling and damage, shortening the incinerator's operating life. This is because the adiabatic furnace walls are constructed of non-metallic refractory materials and lack water-cooled wall cooling protection. This limits the furnace combustion temperature to a low, typically controlled at around 800°C. This results in low combustion heat exchange efficiency and a low treatment and purification rate. If the GB18484 hazardous waste standard is met, a secondary combustion chamber and waste heat boiler are required to raise the flue gas temperature to above 1100°C, followed by cooling and recovery in the waste heat boiler. This results in a relatively complex and dispersed structure, as well as low heat recovery capacity, which increases operating costs.

[0006] 2. Using traditional industrial vertical boilers to treat salt-containing organic waste liquids and gases has drawbacks: complex structures, excessive bulk, redundancy, high costs, significant investment, and a long construction period. Long-term operating costs are significant, leading to significant waste, somewhat like a large horse pulling a small cart. Although improvements were made to the boilers to address the characteristics of the waste liquid, the results were not as expected. Key issues include ash blockage on the heating surface and incomplete molten salt collection. Overall, long-term operating costs, repairs, and maintenance are high.

[0007] 3. The conventional D-type horizontal boiler, with a furnace on one side and dense tube bundles on the other, is used to treat salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas. This will lead to defects such as incomplete and insufficient combustion and low burnout rate for low-salt and low calorific value waste liquid. At the same time, compared with high-salt waste liquid, although the salt content is lower, the salt varieties are complex, and miscellaneous salts with various melting points will adhere to the tube wall to varying degrees. Long-term operation will also cause tube wall blockage, which is only a matter of time. In addition, it cannot meet the requirements of GB18484 standard for the incineration rate of organic hazardous waste and the requirement of 1100°C residence time of 2 seconds in the furnace as stipulated in GB18484 standard. Furthermore, the heating surface of the convection tube bundle of a conventional industrial boiler is composed of a dense tube bundle connected by an upper and lower drum. The lower part of the tube bundle is on the lower drum, which is prone to blockage. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler.

[0009] The technical problem solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0010] A double-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler, characterized in that it comprises double furnace chambers and a platen-type convection heat exchanger, wherein the furnace chamber outlets of the double furnace chambers are connected to the heat exchange inlet of the platen-type convection heat exchanger;

[0011] The double furnace chamber includes a first furnace chamber and a second furnace chamber. The first furnace chamber includes an adiabatic combustion section and a first burnout section located behind the adiabatic combustion section. The second furnace chamber includes a radiation heat exchange section and a second burnout section located behind the radiation heat exchange section. The first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are arranged side by side. A furnace chamber entrance is provided at the front end of the first furnace chamber. The first burnout section and the second burnout section are connected to each other. The furnace chamber outlet of the double furnace chamber is arranged at the front end of the side of the second furnace chamber.

[0012] Moreover, the furnace of the double furnace chamber includes a refractory furnace bottom and a membrane-type water-cooled wall arranged on the refractory furnace bottom.

[0013] The refractory furnace bottom comprises a double-mouthed bottom header frame and refractory materials poured into the double-mouthed bottom header frame;

[0014] The membrane water-cooled wall includes an upper main header, a front upper header, a rear upper header, left wall membrane wall tubes, front wall membrane wall tubes, rear wall membrane wall tubes, and ceiling densely packed tubes. The double-mouthed U-shaped bottom header frame is welded by interconnected pipes. The pipe at the leftmost end of the double-mouthed bottom header frame forms the lower main header. An upper main header is provided directly above the lower main header and is arranged parallel to the lower main header. Left wall membrane wall tubes are evenly spaced between the upper and lower main headers. The evenly spaced left wall membrane wall tubes form the left wall foundation of the double furnace chamber.

[0015] The front and rear ends of the upper main header are connected and installed respectively. The front and rear upper headers are evenly spaced at the bottom of the front and rear upper headers, and the front and rear membrane wall tubes are connected to the bottom double-mouthed bottom header frame. The evenly spaced front wall membrane wall tubes form the front wall foundation of the double furnace chambers, and the evenly spaced rear wall membrane wall tubes form the rear wall foundation of the double furnace chambers.

[0016] The right side interval of the upper main collecting box between the front upper collecting box and the rear upper collecting box is evenly distributed with ceiling dense pipes. The ceiling dense pipes are extended to the lower right for a section and then bent downward at the middle and right side intervals of the double-mouth bottom collecting box frame. The dense pipe part vertically arranged in the middle of the double-mouth bottom collecting box frame forms the partition wall foundation of the double furnace chamber, and the dense pipe part vertically arranged on the right side of the double-mouth bottom collecting box frame forms the right wall foundation of the double furnace chamber. The vertically arranged dense pipe parts are all membrane wall tubes.

[0017] Moreover, the ceiling dense pipes are composed of the partition wall ceiling dense pipes and the right wall ceiling dense pipes. The partition wall ceiling dense pipes are formed by a pipe row bent downward, which includes a first inclined section and a partition wall vertical section. The side of the upper main header is connected and installed with a downwardly inclined first inclined section. The first inclined section is vertically bent downward at the middle pipe of the double-mouthed bottom header frame. The vertically bent part forms the partition wall vertical section. The partition wall vertical sections arranged at intervals form the partition wall foundation.

[0018] A right wall ceiling densely packed pipe is extended behind the partition wall ceiling densely packed pipe. The right wall ceiling densely packed pipe is formed by a pipe row bent downward, and includes a second inclined section and a right wall vertical section. A second inclined section arranged downwardly is connected and installed on the side of the upper main header. The second inclined section is vertically bent downward at the rightmost pipe of the double-mouthed bottom header frame. The vertically bent portion forms the right wall vertical section. The right wall vertical sections arranged at intervals form the right wall foundation.

[0019] The closely arranged first inclined section and the second inclined section jointly form the ceiling foundation of the double furnace chamber.

[0020] Moreover, it also includes an insulation structure, which includes an insulation layer, an insulating layer and claw nails; an insulation layer is provided on the outer sides of the left wall foundation, right wall foundation, front wall foundation, rear wall foundation and ceiling foundation, and an insulating layer is provided on the inner sides of the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation and ceiling foundation; the membrane wall tubes on the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation and ceiling foundation and the insulating layer are connected by claw nails.

[0021] Moreover, the screen-type convection heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger insulation shell, an upper boiler drum, a lower boiler drum, a membrane tube panel and a ash cleaning base. The upper boiler drum is installed in the middle position of the upper end of the shell, and the lower boiler drums are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the shell. A ash cleaning base is provided at the bottom of the two lower boiler drums. An ash outlet is provided at the bottom of the heat exchanger insulation shell between the two lower boiler drums. A membrane tube panel is provided inside the heat exchanger insulation shell. The upper end of the membrane tube panel is connected to the upper boiler drum, and the lower end of the membrane tube panel is connected to the lower boiler drums arranged on the left and right respectively.

[0022] Moreover, the membrane tube panel includes light tubes and fins. The light tubes are evenly spaced along the length direction of the heat exchanger insulation shell, and fins are spaced and connected between each light tube from top to bottom.

[0023] Moreover, a melt discharge port is provided at the bottom of the first burnout section.

[0024] Moreover, it also includes an air preheater and an economizer. The air preheater is connected and installed at the rear side end of the platen type countercurrent heat exchanger, and the economizer is connected to the outlet of the air preheater.

[0025] Moreover, a combustible fuel gas port is provided on the rear wall portion of the furnace of the first furnace chamber, a solid waste fuel port is provided on the right wall portion, and a waste liquid nozzle is provided on the front wall portion of the furnace of the first furnace chamber.

[0026] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0027] This dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler, through its dual-chamber design, meets the requirement of GB18484 standard that the furnace should remain at a high temperature of 1100°C for 2 seconds, that is, the combustion furnace chamber can complete the oxidation decomposition, incineration and purification treatment functions of various high-concentration and low-salt organic waste liquids; the added second furnace chamber not only has the function of treating a variety of waste gas fuels and cooling, but also can greatly reduce flue gas dust, providing a strong guarantee for reducing the dust on the rear heating surface; the overall boiler of the present invention has high sealing performance, small heat dissipation loss, and high overall thermal efficiency of the boiler, which greatly improves the treatment energy efficiency of organic matter contained in the waste liquid and the improvement of treatment measures.

[0028] The specific beneficial effects are reflected in:

[0029] 1. The double-chamber furnace can simultaneously process waste liquid (gas), activated carbon tail gas and a small amount of waste solid (powder), making one furnace multi-purpose; improving efficiency and reducing investment costs;

[0030] 2. The innovative screen-type convection heat exchanger replaces the original dense tube bundle with a screen-type heating surface, and changes the single bottom drum into a double-drum structure, leaving an ash conveying channel. This effectively solves many problems caused by ash accumulation at the bottom of the tube screen, such as reduced heat exchange efficiency, blockage caused by inconvenient ash cleaning, and impact on stable boiler operation. It also improves the overall efficiency of the boiler, extends the stable operation cycle of the boiler, and reduces operating maintenance expenses and costs.

[0031] In summary, the emergence of this incineration boiler has opened up a new way to solve and eliminate the current high-concentration, low-salt organic waste liquid pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A top view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the plate-type countercurrent heat exchanger in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the double furnace chamber of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the furnace wall of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a top view of the membrane tube panel of the present invention.

[0038] Description of Reference Numerals

[0039] 1-screen convection heat exchanger, 2-second furnace chamber, 3-first furnace chamber, 4-air preheater, 5-economizer, 6-heat exchanger insulation shell, 7-membrane tube screen, 8-second burnout section, 9-radiation heat exchange section, 10-melt discharge port, 11-first burnout section, 12-adiabatic combustion section, 13-upper boiler drum, 14-ash outlet, 15-lower boiler drum, 16-ash cleaning base, 17-upper main header, 18-left wall membrane wall tube, 19-lower main header, 20-front upper header, 21-first inclined section, 22-partition wall vertical section, 23-double-mouth bottom header frame, 24-second inclined section, 25-right wall vertical section, 26-insulation layer, 27-claws, 28-light tube, 29-insulation layer, 30-fins. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0041] This dual-chamber, multipurpose incineration boiler is a horizontal incinerator capable of simultaneously treating low-salt organic waste liquids and waste gases, as well as tail gas from the coal chemical industry. This meets today's requirements for the simultaneous treatment of mixed solid-liquid-gas waste, avoiding the high duplication of investment costs associated with the need for separate equipment for each type of waste treatment. The invention converts large amounts of organic matter in waste liquids into harmless carbohydrates, such as CO2, H2O, and N2, through high-temperature incineration and oxidation, allowing them to be discharged as non-polluting components. Simultaneously, combustible flue gas components are burned and purified for discharge.

[0042] A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler, the innovation of which lies in: comprising dual furnace chambers and a platen-type convection heat exchanger 1, wherein the furnace chamber outlet of the dual furnace chamber is connected to the heat exchange inlet of the platen-type convection heat exchanger; the dual furnace chambers and the platen-type convection heat exchanger form an integral incineration boiler through a connecting conduit, that is, the upper boiler drum of the platen-type convection heat exchanger is connected to the upper main header of the dual furnace chamber through the connecting conduit, and one of the lower boiler drums of the platen-type convection heat exchanger is connected to the lower main header of the dual furnace chamber through the connecting conduit.

[0043] The double furnace chamber includes a first furnace chamber 3 and a second furnace chamber 2. The first furnace chamber includes an adiabatic combustion section 12 and a first burnout section 11 located behind the adiabatic combustion section. The second furnace chamber includes a radiation heat exchange section 9 and a second burnout section 8 located behind the radiation heat exchange section. The first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are arranged side by side. A furnace chamber entrance is provided at the front end of the first furnace chamber. The first burnout section and the second burnout section are connected to each other. The furnace chamber outlet of the double furnace chamber is arranged at the front end of the side of the second furnace chamber.

[0044] The adiabatic combustion section in the first furnace chamber can provide sufficient combustion time for the burning waste, so that it can stay in this section for at least 2 seconds. Combined with the first burnout section, the second burnout section and part of the second furnace chamber, the total residence time of the burning waste is greater than 5 seconds, providing sufficient time for its combustion and burnout.

[0045] For waste with low calorific value, the present invention provides solid waste fuel ports on the rear wall and right wall of the first furnace chamber. Since dioxins are produced during the combustion of solid, liquid and gas, and dioxins need to be eliminated when the combustion calorific value is higher than 1100°C, but lower than 1250°C, otherwise nitrogen oxide emissions prohibited by the state will be generated. If the calorific value of the waste combustion in the adiabatic combustion section is relatively high, for example, reaching 1200°C, then the purpose of assisting in the treatment of dioxins can be achieved by opening the combustible fuel gas port on the rear wall; if the calorific value of the waste combustion is not high, lower than 1100°C, then the combustible fuel gas port on the right wall is opened, and a medium with a high thermal value (such as activated carbon flue gas, tar flue gas, etc.) is introduced into the furnace through the combustible fuel gas port to assist in heating it.

[0046] Although low-salt wastewater contains less salt, its composition is complex. Sometimes it contains more than one salt species, and the melting points of different salts are different. Therefore, in order to prevent molten ash from adhering to the membrane tube panel, the present invention designs a second furnace chamber. A radiation heat exchange section is set in the second furnace chamber. The radiation heat exchange section reduces the flue gas to below the melting point before entering the platen countercurrent heat exchanger, thereby reducing ash adhesion to the wall. Specifically:

[0047] Most of the fine salt dust in the flue gas is in a floating state. If it enters the plate-type countercurrent heat exchanger directly, it will adhere to the membrane tube screen. Over time, it will cause blockage of the plate-type countercurrent heat exchanger, affecting the heat exchange effect. The present invention forms a U-shaped corner structure through the cooperation of the first burnout chamber and the second burnout chamber. When the salt dust passes through this corner structure, the fine salt dust collides with each other. Since the temperature of the salt dust in this section is still higher than its melting point of 800℃, it will stick together into larger particles during the collision and settle by its own weight. When the flue gas reaches the radiation heat exchange section, its temperature drops below 800℃. Even if there is still salt dust mixed in at this time, it will no longer adhere to the membrane tube screen, greatly extending the service life of the plate-type countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0048] The furnace of the double furnace chamber includes a refractory furnace bottom and a membrane-type water-cooled wall arranged on the refractory furnace bottom. The refractory furnace bottom includes a double-mouthed bottom header frame 23 and refractory materials poured into the double-mouthed bottom header frame.

[0049] The membrane water-cooled wall includes an upper main header 17, a front upper header 20, a rear upper header, a left wall membrane wall tube 18, a front wall membrane wall tube, a rear wall membrane wall tube, and a densely packed ceiling tube. The double-mouthed bottom header frame is welded together by interconnected pipes. The pipe at the leftmost end of the double-mouthed bottom header frame forms a lower main header 19. An upper main header is provided directly above the lower main header and arranged parallel thereto. Left wall membrane wall tubes are evenly spaced between the upper and lower main headers. The evenly spaced left wall membrane wall tubes form the left wall foundation of the double furnace chamber.

[0050] The front and rear ends of the upper main header are connected and installed respectively. The front and rear upper headers are evenly spaced at the bottom of the front and rear upper headers, and the front and rear membrane wall tubes are connected to the bottom double-mouthed bottom header frame. The evenly spaced front wall membrane wall tubes form the front wall foundation of the double furnace chambers, and the evenly spaced rear wall membrane wall tubes form the rear wall foundation of the double furnace chambers.

[0051] The right side of the upper main header between the front and rear upper headers is uniformly distributed with ceiling densely packed pipes. These pipes extend downward and rightward, then bend downward in the middle and right side of the double-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically arranged densely packed pipe section in the middle of the double-shaped bottom header frame forms the foundation of the partition wall of the dual furnace chambers, while the vertically arranged densely packed pipe section on the right side of the double-shaped bottom header frame forms the foundation of the right wall of the dual furnace chambers. These vertically arranged densely packed pipe sections are all membrane wall tubes. These membrane wall tubes are smooth tubes, and multiple smooth tubes are connected by fins to form the foundation of each membrane water-cooled wall wall.

[0052] The ceiling dense pipes are composed of the partition wall ceiling dense pipes and the right wall ceiling dense pipes. The partition wall ceiling dense pipes are formed by a pipe row bent downward, which includes a first inclined section 21 and a partition wall vertical section 22. The first inclined section is connected and installed on the side of the upper main header, and is vertically bent downward at the middle pipe of the double-mouthed bottom header frame. The vertically bent part forms the partition wall vertical section. The partition wall vertical sections arranged at intervals form the partition wall foundation.

[0053] The partition wall ceiling densely packed pipes are spaced apart from the right wall ceiling densely packed pipes. The right wall ceiling densely packed pipes are formed by a downwardly bent pipe row, which includes a second inclined section 24 and a right wall vertical section 25. A downwardly inclined second inclined section is connected and installed on the side of the upper main header. The second inclined section is vertically bent downward at the rightmost pipe of the double-mouthed bottom header frame. The vertically bent portion forms the right wall vertical section. The spaced right wall vertical sections form the right wall foundation.

[0054] The closely arranged first inclined section and the second inclined section jointly form the ceiling foundation of the double furnace chamber.

[0055] Since the densely packed pipes on the partition wall ceiling and the densely packed pipes on the right wall ceiling are both connected to the upper main collecting box, in order to avoid the problem of damage to the strength of the main collecting box caused by drilling holes in a straight line, in the present invention, the densely packed pipes on the partition wall ceiling and the densely packed pipes on the right wall ceiling are staggered in height at the upper main collecting box, that is, an upward bending structure is provided at the root of the first inclined section or the second inclined section.

[0056] The structure also includes an insulation structure comprising an insulation layer 29, an insulating layer 26, and nails 27. The insulation layer is provided on the outside of the left wall foundation, right wall foundation, front wall foundation, rear wall foundation, and ceiling foundation, and the insulation layer is provided on the inside of the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation, and ceiling foundation. The membrane wall tubes on the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation, and ceiling foundation are connected to the insulation layer via nails. The insulation layer is cast from acid- and alkali-resistant chromium ore refractory material.

[0057] The membrane water-cooled wall can cool the insulation layer of the furnace wall, keeping its hot and cold temperature difference stable within a certain range, so as to avoid damage caused by rapid cooling and heating of the dry furnace wall, thereby extending its service life and reducing the impact of shutdown and maintenance on normal production conditions; in turn, the acid and alkali resistant chromium ore castable also protects the membrane water-cooled wall from acid and alkali flue gas erosion, while increasing the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber.

[0058] The screen-type convection heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger insulation shell 6, an upper boiler drum 13, a lower boiler drum 15, a membrane tube panel 7 and a ash cleaning base 16. The upper boiler drum is installed in the middle position of the upper end of the shell, and the lower boiler drums are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the shell. The two lower boiler drums are connected by connecting ducts arranged in front and behind. A ash cleaning base is provided at the bottom of the two lower boiler drums. An ash outlet 14 is provided at the bottom of the heat exchanger insulation shell between the two lower boiler drums to prevent the deposition of salt-alkali ash; a membrane tube panel is arranged inside the heat exchanger insulation shell, the upper end of the membrane tube panel is connected to the upper boiler drum, and the lower end of the membrane tube panel is connected to the lower boiler drums arranged on the left and right respectively.

[0059] In order to solve the problem of dust accumulation and blockage at the bottom of the tube screen heat exchange component, an ash outlet connected to the ash cleaning base is designed at the bottom of the heat exchanger insulation shell. During specific implementation, a scraper can be connected to the ash cleaning base, and the fallen smoke ash can be directly cleaned away by the scraper to prevent dust accumulation and blockage.

[0060] The membrane tube panel includes light tubes 28 and fins 30. The light tubes are evenly spaced along the length of the heat exchanger insulation shell. Fins are spaced and connected between each light tube from top to bottom. The fins are made of steel plates.

[0061] A melt discharge port 10 is provided at the bottom of the first burnout section.

[0062] For non-quenching furnaces, the present invention further designs an air preheater 4 and an economizer 5. The air preheater is connected and installed at the rear side end of the platen type convection heat exchanger, and the economizer is connected to the outlet of the air preheater.

[0063] The present invention can ensure that the components of the organic waste liquid are fully oxidized, incinerated and burned out, and completely burned to meet emission standards; the U-shaped corner structure composed of the first combustion section and the second combustion section at the rear has the function of reducing dust; the radiation heat exchange section in the second furnace chamber absorbs high-temperature radiation heat, cools the high-temperature flue gas, and reduces the speed and dust through its unobstructed cavity, so that the flue gas temperature entering the rear screen-type convection heat exchanger is reduced to below the melting point of the melt, preventing the membrane tube screen from hanging dust, giving full play to the membrane tube screen's absorption and heat exchange efficiency, and directly converting heat energy into saturated steam for use by the production department.

[0064] In addition, the screen-type convection heat exchanger of the present invention changes the single-drum structure of the lower part of the industrial boiler, and innovatively designs the lower part into two lower drums. Sufficient space is left between the two lower drums, so that the fallen dust can flow smoothly from this space into the lower closed ash conveying device and be taken away in time, reducing the thorny problems such as the reduced heat absorption efficiency caused by the dust accumulation in the lower part blocking the heating surface and the inability of the dust to fall smoothly due to soot blowing; at the same time, the dense convection tube bundle is changed into a membrane tube screen, and the spacing between each tube screen is increased, reducing the adverse defects of dust bridging between the tube walls, affecting convective heat transfer, and reducing heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] The present invention can realize modular production. For relatively small-scale waste liquid treatment devices, the devices can be assembled in the factory and shipped as a whole. Specifically, the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are an integrated module, and the screen-type convection heat exchanger is the two main module bodies of the module, which is convenient for overall transportation and rapid installation, thereby saving a lot of equipment investment and on-site installation time.

[0066] Working principle:

[0067] The core technology of this dual-chamber, multi-purpose incineration boiler for treating low-salt organic waste liquids lies in its dual-chamber structure: a first chamber comprising an adiabatic combustion section and a first burnout section, and a second chamber comprising a radiant heat exchange section and a second burnout section. The first chamber ensures the complete drying, concentration, evaporation, atomization, oxidation, incineration, and burnout of the waste liquid fuel; while the second chamber handles the processing of the second fuel, effectively cooling and reducing dust, ensuring minimal dust accumulation and blockage on the rear heating surface.

[0068] Through the design of screen-type convection heat exchanger, the low-salt mixed salt organic waste liquid with different melting points can be completely incinerated.

[0069] For high-salt waste liquid, this patent reserves a melt discharge port at the bottom of the first burnout stage. During normal operation, this port is blocked with a prefabricated refractory block. During operation of high-salt waste liquid, it is opened (when this waste liquid is to be treated, the boiler body needs to be elevated during installation, and a melt cooling tank needs to be reserved at the bottom). The process principle is as follows:

[0070] The waste liquid sent from the production workshop is stored in the storage tank in front of the furnace in advance, and is sent to the liquid spray gun installed on the boiler through the waste liquid pump and the delivery pipeline. The spray gun can adopt mechanical atomization and steam atomization, and steam atomization forms a dual-fluid spray gun; the waste liquid is pressurized and atomized and sprayed into the furnace through different forms of atomization spray guns. After entering the furnace, the atomized waste liquid will evaporate, dry, concentrate, oxidize and decompose in the high-temperature adiabatic furnace environment formed by the combustion of auxiliary fuel, and finally form spontaneous combustion to completely incinerate the organic waste carried;

[0071] In addition, the rear wall and right wall of the adiabatic combustion section are reserved for the combustion of the second combustible fuel gas port, through which the high-temperature flue gas can be connected. The carbohydrates generated after the combustion will enter the first combustion section at the rear together with the high-temperature flue gas formed by the combustion of the waste liquid. After turning 180 degrees, it enters the radiation heat exchange section. After running here, the flue gas cools down and reduces dust. After turning 180 degrees, it enters the plate-type convection heat exchanger. The heat energy of the high-temperature flue gas is converted into saturated steam through the convection absorption heat exchange process. At this time, if the fuel waste liquid contains dioxin-generating substances, the flue gas temperature at the plate-type convection heat exchanger outlet will be controlled at 500℃. The subsequent rapid cooling inlet temperature requirement of 500°C as stipulated in GB18484 is met; if the fuel does not generate dioxin components (i.e., there is no rapid cooling requirement), the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the platen convection heat exchanger will be controlled at around 300°C, and the exhaust gas temperature will be reduced to 160-180°C through the external air preheater (heating air and sending it into the boiler combustion chamber) and the economizer heating surface, completing the entire working process from waste liquid atomization → evaporation and concentration → combustion and burnout + multi-fuel combustion and burnout → radiation heat exchange cooling and dust reduction → convection tube plate heat exchange → flue gas cooling, → tail treatment → standard emission.

[0072] The present invention designs the combustion furnace into an independent and extended combustion furnace chamber, namely the first furnace chamber, so that the fuel can be burned for a long time under adiabatic conditions, meeting the requirements of GB18484 standard for furnace temperature and residence time; secondly, considering the salt and dust characteristics of organic waste, an independent large-space radiation heat exchange chamber, namely the second furnace chamber, is set up, so that the high-temperature flue gas formed in the combustion furnace chamber is cooled here and plays a role in dust reduction, so as to ensure that the dust entering the subsequent heating surface is reduced and prevent it from being clogged by dust; at the same time, the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are connected by a U-shaped bend, which plays a role in fuel burnout, cooling and dust reduction; thirdly, in order to ensure that the rear heating surface is not clogged by dust accumulation, it is structurally designed as a membrane tube screen, so that it is not easy to accumulate dust, and at the same time, it is equipped with an ash outlet left in the middle of the two lower boiler drums, so that dust in the flue gas can be removed in time through this place, thereby solving the problem of dust accumulation and blockage on the tube wall.

[0073] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler, characterized by: It comprises a double furnace chamber and a platen-type convection heat exchanger, wherein the furnace chamber outlet of the double furnace chamber is connected to the heat exchange inlet of the platen-type convection heat exchanger; The double furnace chamber includes a first furnace chamber and a second furnace chamber. The first furnace chamber includes an adiabatic combustion section and a first burnout section located behind the adiabatic combustion section. The second furnace chamber includes a radiation heat exchange section and a second burnout section located behind the radiation heat exchange section. The first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are arranged side by side. A furnace chamber entrance is provided at the front end of the first furnace chamber. The first burnout section and the second burnout section are connected to each other. The furnace chamber outlet of the double furnace chamber is arranged at the front end of the side of the second furnace chamber.

2. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace of the double furnace chamber includes a refractory furnace bottom and a membrane-type water-cooled wall arranged on the refractory furnace bottom. The refractory furnace bottom comprises a double-mouthed bottom header frame and refractory materials poured into the double-mouthed bottom header frame; The membrane water-cooled wall includes an upper main header, a front upper header, a rear upper header, left wall membrane wall tubes, front wall membrane wall tubes, rear wall membrane wall tubes, and ceiling densely packed tubes. The double-mouthed U-shaped bottom header frame is welded by interconnected pipes. The pipe at the leftmost end of the double-mouthed bottom header frame forms the lower main header. An upper main header is provided directly above the lower main header and is arranged parallel to the lower main header. Left wall membrane wall tubes are evenly spaced between the upper and lower main headers. The evenly spaced left wall membrane wall tubes form the left wall foundation of the double furnace chamber. The front and rear ends of the upper main header are connected and installed respectively. The front and rear upper headers are evenly spaced at the bottom of the front and rear upper headers, and the front and rear membrane wall tubes are connected to the bottom double-mouthed bottom header frame. The evenly spaced front wall membrane wall tubes form the front wall foundation of the double furnace chambers, and the evenly spaced rear wall membrane wall tubes form the rear wall foundation of the double furnace chambers. Between the front upper collecting box and the rear upper collecting box, the right side intervals of the upper main collecting box are evenly distributed with ceiling dense pipes. The ceiling dense pipes are extended to the lower right for a section and then bent downward at the middle and right side intervals of the double-mouth bottom collecting box frame. The dense pipe part vertically arranged in the middle of the double-mouth bottom collecting box frame forms the partition wall foundation of the double furnace chamber, and the dense pipe part vertically arranged on the right side of the double-mouth bottom collecting box frame forms the right wall foundation of the double furnace chamber. The vertically arranged dense pipe parts are all membrane wall tubes.

3. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ceiling dense pipes are composed of the partition wall ceiling dense pipes and the right wall ceiling dense pipes. The partition wall ceiling dense pipes are formed by a pipe row bent downward, and include a first inclined section and a partition wall vertical section. The first inclined section is connected and installed on the side of the upper main header, and is vertically bent downward at the middle pipe of the double-mouthed bottom header frame. The vertically bent portion forms the partition wall vertical section, and the spaced partition wall vertical sections form the partition wall foundation. The partition wall ceiling densely packed pipes are spaced apart from the right wall ceiling densely packed pipes. The right wall ceiling densely packed pipes are formed by a pipe row bent downward, and include a second inclined section and a right wall vertical section. A second inclined section arranged downwardly is connected and installed on the side of the upper main header. The second inclined section is vertically bent downward at the rightmost pipe of the double-mouthed bottom header frame. The vertically bent portion forms the right wall vertical section. The spaced right wall vertical sections form the right wall foundation. The closely arranged first inclined section and the second inclined section jointly form the ceiling foundation of the double furnace chamber.

4. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an insulation structure, which includes an insulation layer, an insulating layer and claw nails; an insulation layer is provided on the outer sides of the left wall foundation, right wall foundation, front wall foundation, rear wall foundation and ceiling foundation, and an insulating layer is provided on the inner sides of the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation and ceiling foundation; the membrane wall tubes on the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation and ceiling foundation and the insulating layer are connected by claw nails.

5. The dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen-type convection heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger insulation shell, an upper boiler drum, a lower boiler drum, a membrane tube panel and a ash cleaning base. The upper boiler drum is installed in the middle position of the upper end of the shell, and the lower boiler drums are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the shell. A ash cleaning base is provided at the bottom of the two lower boiler drums. An ash outlet is provided at the bottom of the heat exchanger insulation shell between the two lower boiler drums. A membrane tube panel is provided inside the heat exchanger insulation shell. The upper end of the membrane tube panel is connected to the upper boiler drum, and the lower end of the membrane tube panel is connected to the lower boiler drums arranged on the left and right respectively.

6. The dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The membrane tube panel comprises light tubes and fins. The light tubes are evenly spaced along the length direction of the heat-insulating shell of the heat exchanger, and fins are spaced and connected between each light tube from top to bottom.

7. The dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A melt discharge port is provided at the bottom of the first burnout section.

8. The dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air preheater and an economizer. The air preheater is connected and installed on the rear side end of the screen type countercurrent heat exchanger, and the economizer is connected to the outlet of the air preheater.

9. The dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A combustible fuel gas port is provided on the rear wall portion of the furnace of the first furnace chamber, a solid waste fuel port is provided on the right wall portion, and a waste liquid nozzle is provided on the front wall portion of the furnace of the first furnace chamber.

Images