Active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure and simulation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure and a simulation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensors. The problem that an optical fiber sensor capable of efficiently transmitting effective signals under the extremely high temperature condition is lacked is solved. The optical fiber sensor structure comprises an outer-layer cooling sleeve, an inner-layer cooling sleeve and an optical fiber. The outer-layer cooling sleeve comprises a head shell, an inner baffle, a cooling gas inlet and a tail shell. The outer-layer cooling sleeve head and tail shells sleeve the two ends of the sensor and are integrally in a step shape, the two cooling gas inlets are located in the upper side and the lower side of the tail shell respectively, and the gas outlet is located in the front side of the tail shell. And the inner baffle divides the outer-layer cooling sleeve into upper and lower runners. The inner-layer cooling sleeve and the outer-layer cooling sleeve are coaxial and are of an annular inlet and outlet structure, and the inner-layer cooling sleeve comprises a shell, a cooling gas inlet, a cooling gas outlet and an outer-layer cooling sleeve outlet. One end of the inner-layer cooling jacket shell is connected with the gas inlet, and the other end of the inner-layer cooling jacket shell is connected with the gas outlet. The method is suitable for signal detection in a high-temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensors, and in particular to an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure. Background Art

[0002] Accurately measuring temperature changes in high-temperature combustion chamber components is crucial for preventing gas turbine overheating, which can lead to component damage, failure, or accidents. Gas turbine combustion chamber temperatures can reach over 1000°C, making conventional sensor materials difficult to withstand, potentially causing performance degradation or failure. Furthermore, the space required to install high-precision sensors in high-temperature environments is limited, and traditional electrical signal transmission is susceptible to interference. Therefore, new technologies such as specially designed fiber optic sensors are needed to obtain real-time data.

[0003] The high-temperature, high-pressure gas environment of a combustion chamber places extremely high demands on the reliability and durability of measuring instruments. Traditional fiber optic sensors are easily damaged in high-temperature environments, affecting measurement accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for fiber optic sensors that can efficiently transmit effective signals under these extreme high-temperature conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of the lack of optical fiber sensors that can efficiently transmit effective signals under extremely high temperature conditions, the present invention proposes an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure, which includes: Outer cooling jacket, inner cooling jacket, optical fiber; The outer cooling jacket comprises: an outer cooling jacket head shell, an outer cooling jacket inner baffle, an outer cooling jacket cooling gas inlet, and an outer cooling jacket tail shell; The outer cooling jacket head shell and the outer cooling jacket tail shell are sleeved on both ends of the sensor, so that the outer cooling jacket of the sensor is in a stepped shape as a whole; The outer cooling jacket has two cooling gas inlets, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the tail shell of the outer cooling jacket; the outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlet is located on the front side of the tail shell of the outer cooling jacket; The inner baffle of the outer cooling jacket is arranged inside the outer cooling jacket, and is used to divide the outer cooling jacket into two upper and lower flow channels; The inner cooling jacket is coaxially arranged with the outer cooling jacket, and the inner cooling jacket is a cooling air annular inlet and outlet structure parallel to the direction of the optical fiber; The inner cooling jacket comprises: an inner cooling jacket shell, an inner cooling jacket cooling gas inlet, an inner cooling jacket cooling gas outlet, and an outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlet; The inner cooling jacket shell wraps the optical fiber, and one end of the inner cooling jacket shell is connected to the inner cooling jacket cooling gas inlet, and the other end is connected to the inner cooling jacket cooling gas outlet.

[0005] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed in which the diameter of the inner baffle of the outer cooling jacket is half of the difference between the diameters of the inner cooling jacket shell and the outer cooling jacket head shell.

[0006] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed in which the optical fiber penetration depth differs from the length of the inner cooling jacket by 10 mm.

[0007] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed, in which the diameter of the inner cooling jacket is set to 3.0 mm to 5.0 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed, in which the optical fiber uses a multimode indium fluoride material in the 3.9 μm band.

[0009] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a structural simulation method for an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor. The method includes the entire calculation process and analysis method for the temperature field, pressure field, and thermal stress field under fluid-solid-thermal coupling conditions. The calculation process and analysis method for the temperature field and pressure field under fluid-solid-thermal coupling conditions are completed by a fluid-solid-thermal coupling heat transfer simulation module, including: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional geometric model, wherein the three-dimensional geometric model includes a solid geometric structure and a fluid geometric structure; Step 2: Divide the 3D geometric model into CDF meshes; Step 3: Calculate the energy equation, turbulence equation, and gas radiation equation; set the gas inlet and outlet boundary conditions; use the one-way fluid-structure coupling method; and use the Coupled algorithm for solution. Step 4: Perform steady-state heat transfer simulation calculations on the heat transfer process of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor, and post-process and analyze the converged simulation results.

[0010] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed, wherein the solid geometric structure includes: an outer cooling jacket shell, an inner cooling jacket shell, and an optical fiber; and the fluid geometric structure includes: an outer cooling fluid, an inner cooling fluid, and a combustion gas fluid in a high-temperature environment.

[0011] Furthermore, a preferred method is proposed, wherein the CDF meshing of the three-dimensional geometric model comprises: overall composite meshing, and generating boundary layer meshes at the coupling surface between the fluid domain and the solid domain using a smooth transition method.

[0012] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is proposed, wherein step 4 includes: Calculate the fluid-solid-thermal coupled steady-state heat transfer simulation of the active composite cooling fiber optic sensor structure; Export simulation models, temperature data, and pressure data from the fluid-solid-thermal coupled heat transfer simulation module and import them into the steady-state thermodynamics module and static structural analysis module; Thermal stress calculations are performed in the steady-state thermodynamics module and the statics analysis module based on the fluid-solid-thermal coupling simulation model and temperature and pressure data; The total deformation, equivalent stress distribution and equivalent strain distribution data of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure are obtained.

[0013] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory. When the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure simulation method according to any one of the above items.

[0014] The present invention is beneficial in that: The present invention proposes an active composite cooling fiber optic sensor structure, which is designed with two outer and inner cooling jackets to form a double-layer cooling effect. By flowing the cooling gas in the outer cooling jacket and the inner cooling jacket, the operating temperature of the fiber optic sensor can be effectively reduced, ensuring that it can still work stably under extremely high temperatures. The outer cooling jacket is composed of a head shell, a tail shell and an inner baffle, which can form two upper and lower cooling channels to provide comprehensive cooling airflow. The stepped design of its structure can enhance the flow effect of the cooling gas and improve the overall cooling efficiency. The inner cooling jacket tightly wraps the optical fiber and forms an annular cooling airflow channel. The cooling gas flows in this channel, thereby directly cooling the optical fiber. Since the inlet and outlet of the cooling gas are parallel to the direction of the optical fiber, the cooling effect can be further optimized to prevent the degradation of optical fiber performance due to high temperature.

[0015] This invention proposes an active composite-cooled fiber optic sensor structure whose cooling system utilizes a gas flow cooling mechanism. This mechanism regulates the cooling gas flow direction and controls cooling efficiency through the cooling gas inlet and outlet of the outer cooling jacket. The two cooling gas inlets and the outer cooling jacket with an internal baffle allow for diversion of the cooling gas flow path, improving the uniformity and efficiency of the cooling airflow. In particular, the multi-channel design of the outer cooling jacket ensures that the cooling gas covers the entire sensor exterior, preventing localized overheating.

[0016] Fiber optic sensors are prone to signal attenuation and distortion in high-temperature environments. The present invention uses an active cooling mechanism to reduce the operating temperature of the optical fiber, thereby improving the stability of its signal transmission. The inner and outer cooling jackets work together to ensure that the optical fiber can still efficiently transmit effective signals at higher temperatures, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the sensor. By optimizing the inlet and outlet positions of the cooling gas, especially the two settings of the cooling gas inlet of the outer cooling jacket, the problems of uneven airflow or dead corners are effectively avoided, allowing the cooling airflow to fully cover all parts of the sensor. In addition, the diversion design of the cooling gas can make the cooling effect more uniform and improve the overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0017] Since the cooling system designed in the present invention can effectively isolate heat sources and maintain the temperature of the optical fiber sensor stable, this structure is particularly suitable for applications in high-temperature environments, such as industrial production, aerospace, nuclear power plants and other fields, and can effectively extend the service life of the optical fiber sensor and improve its application stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor according to the first embodiment, wherein: Figure 1 (a) is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the central axis of the sensor. Figure 1 (b) is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section structure along the tail of the sensor, where 1 represents the head shell of the outer cooling jacket, 2 represents the inner baffle of the outer cooling jacket, 3 represents the cooling gas inlet of the outer cooling jacket, 4 represents the tail shell of the outer cooling jacket, 5 represents the shell of the inner cooling jacket, 6 represents the optical fiber, 7 represents the cooling gas inlet of the inner cooling jacket, 8 represents the outer cooling fluid, 9 represents the inner cooling fluid, 10 represents the cooling gas outlet of the inner cooling jacket, and 11 represents the cooling gas outlet of the outer cooling jacket; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall geometric structure of the sensor inner cooling jacket having a diameter of 3.0 mm according to the eleventh embodiment, wherein: Figure 2 (a) is a three-dimensional diagram of the geometric structure. Figure 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view; Figure 3 This is a right side view of the sensor with different inner cooling jacket diameters according to the eleventh embodiment, wherein: Figure 3 (a) is the right side view of the sensor under the 3.0mm diameter tube. Figure 3 (a) is the right side view of the sensor under the 3.5mm diameter tube. Figure 3 (b) is the right side view of the sensor under the 4.0mm diameter tube. Figure 3 (a) is the right side view of the sensor under the 4.5mm diameter tube. Figure 3 (a) is the right side view of the sensor under the 5.0 mm diameter tube; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the solid domain mesh division of the sensor inner cooling jacket having a diameter of 3.0 mm according to the eleventh embodiment, wherein: Figure 4 (a) is the unstructured grid cross-section of the outer cooling jacket shell; Figure 4 (b) is the structured grid of the inner cooling jacket shell. Figure 4 (c) Fiber structured grid; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh division of the inner and outer fluid domains of the inner cooling jacket with a diameter of 3.0 mm according to the eleventh embodiment, wherein: Figure 5 (a) is the unstructured grid cross-section of the fluid inside the outer cooling jacket shell; Figure 5 (b) is the unstructured grid diagram of the fluid inside the inner cooling jacket shell; Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the sensor thermal-fluid-solid coupling analysis based on the Ansys Workbench platform as described in the eleventh embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0020] Implementation method 1, see Figure 1 This embodiment describes an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure, which includes: Outer cooling jacket, inner cooling jacket, optical fiber 6; The outer cooling jacket comprises: an outer cooling jacket head shell 1, an outer cooling jacket inner baffle 2, an outer cooling jacket cooling gas inlet 3, and an outer cooling jacket tail shell 4; The outer cooling jacket head shell 1 and the outer cooling jacket tail shell 4 are sleeved on both ends of the sensor, so that the outer cooling jacket of the sensor is stepped as a whole; There are two cooling gas inlets 3 of the outer cooling jacket, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the outer cooling jacket tail shell 4; the cooling gas outlet 11 of the outer cooling jacket is located on the front side of the outer cooling jacket tail shell 4; The outer cooling jacket inner baffle 2 is arranged inside the outer cooling jacket, and is used to divide the outer cooling jacket into two upper and lower flow channels; The inner cooling jacket is coaxially arranged with the outer cooling jacket, and the inner cooling jacket is a cooling air annular inlet and outlet structure parallel to the direction of the optical fiber; The inner cooling jacket comprises: an inner cooling jacket shell 5, an inner cooling jacket cooling gas inlet 7, an inner cooling jacket cooling gas outlet 10, and an outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlet 11; The inner cooling jacket shell 5 encloses the optical fiber 6 , and one end of the inner cooling jacket shell 5 is connected to the inner cooling jacket cooling gas inlet 7 , and the other end is connected to the inner cooling jacket cooling gas outlet 10 .

[0021] This embodiment proposes an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure, which is designed with two layers of cooling jackets, an outer layer and an inner layer, to form a double-layer cooling effect. By allowing the cooling gas to flow through the outer cooling jacket and the inner cooling jacket, the operating temperature of the optical fiber sensor can be effectively reduced, ensuring that it can still work stably under extremely high temperatures. The outer cooling jacket is composed of a head shell, a tail shell and an inner baffle, which can form two upper and lower cooling channels to provide comprehensive cooling airflow. The stepped design of its structure can enhance the flow effect of the cooling gas and improve the overall cooling efficiency. The inner cooling jacket tightly wraps the optical fiber and forms an annular cooling airflow channel, in which the cooling gas flows, thereby directly cooling the optical fiber. Since the inlet and outlet of the cooling gas are parallel to the direction of the optical fiber, the cooling effect can be further optimized to prevent the degradation of optical fiber performance due to high temperature.

[0022] The fiber optic sensor's cooling system in this embodiment utilizes a gas flow cooling mechanism. This mechanism allows the cooling gas flow direction to be adjusted and controlled through the cooling gas inlet and outlet of the outer cooling jacket, thereby controlling cooling efficiency. The two cooling gas inlets and the outer cooling jacket's internal baffles allow for the diversion of the cooling gas flow, improving the uniformity and efficiency of the cooling airflow. In particular, the multi-channel design of the outer cooling jacket ensures that the cooling gas covers the entire sensor exterior, preventing localized overheating.

[0023] Fiber optic sensors are prone to signal attenuation and distortion in high-temperature environments. This embodiment uses an active cooling mechanism to reduce the operating temperature of the optical fiber, thereby improving the stability of its signal transmission. The inner and outer cooling jackets work together to ensure that the optical fiber can still efficiently transmit effective signals at higher temperatures, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the sensor. By optimizing the inlet and outlet positions of the cooling gas, especially the two settings of the cooling gas inlet of the outer cooling jacket, the problems of uneven airflow or dead corners are effectively avoided, allowing the cooling airflow to fully cover all parts of the sensor. In addition, the diversion design of the cooling gas can make the cooling effect more uniform and improve the overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0024] To ensure the cooling gas pipeline can operate continuously under high pressure, the inner and outer rings of the cooling jacket are welded together. To ensure the overall sealing of the cooling jacket, the cooling gas delivery pipeline and the cooling gas inlet joints are made of 316L stainless steel. To prevent cooling gas backflow and ensure that the cooling gas pressure is always greater than the pressure in the combustion chamber, the cooling gas inlet pressure is controlled using incremental PID control to effectively reduce the impact of cumulative and random errors.

[0025] Since the cooling system designed in this embodiment can effectively isolate the heat source and maintain the temperature of the optical fiber sensor stable, this structure is particularly suitable for applications in high-temperature environments, such as industrial production, aerospace, nuclear power plants and other fields, and can effectively extend the service life of the optical fiber sensor and improve its application stability.

[0026] Embodiment 2: This embodiment further limits the structure of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor described in embodiment 1, wherein the diameter of the inner baffle 2 of the outer cooling jacket is half of the difference between the diameters of the inner cooling jacket shell 5 and the outer cooling jacket head shell 1.

[0027] The diameter of the outer cooling jacket's inner baffle is designed to be half the difference between the inner and outer cooling jacket shell diameters, ensuring uniform distribution of cooling airflow between the outer and inner cooling jackets. By precisely designing the outer cooling jacket's inner baffle diameter, this embodiment optimizes the cooling airflow path and flow distribution, thereby improving cooling uniformity, airflow stability, and overall cooling system efficiency.

[0028] Embodiment 3: This embodiment further limits the structure of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor described in embodiment 2. The penetration depth of the optical fiber 6 differs from the length of the inner cooling jacket by 10 mm.

[0029] By setting a 10mm difference between the insertion depth of optical fiber 6 and the length of the inner cooling jacket, this design ensures more precise cooling of the fiber optic sensor's detection area. The cooling jacket's design more effectively distributes the cooling medium around the fiber optic probe, reducing the risk of fiber overheating and reduced sensor detection accuracy. This precise cooling helps improve the fiber optic sensor's operational stability and long-term reliability.

[0030] Embodiment 4: This embodiment further limits the structure of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor described in embodiment 1, and the diameter of the inner cooling jacket is set to 3.0 mm to 5.0 mm.

[0031] Proper tube diameter settings facilitate the flow of cooling liquid within the cooling jacket. If the tube diameter is too small, coolant flow may be restricted, resulting in suboptimal cooling. If the tube diameter is too large, cooling resources may be wasted or the system's volume burden may increase. A tube diameter range of 3.0mm to 5.0mm ensures smooth coolant flow while effectively improving heat exchange efficiency, thereby enhancing the fiber optic sensor's temperature control capabilities.

[0032] Embodiment 5: This embodiment further limits the structure of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor described in embodiment 1. The optical fiber uses a multi-mode indium fluoride material in the 3.9 μm band.

[0033] By using multimode indium fluoride material in the 3.9μm band as the optical fiber, this embodiment can optimize the working performance of the optical fiber sensor in special environments such as high temperature, high corrosion or high frequency response, thereby improving the accuracy, stability and adaptability of the sensor.

[0034] Embodiment 6. This embodiment describes a method for simulating the structure of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor. The method includes the entire calculation process and analysis method for the temperature field, pressure field, and thermal stress field under fluid-solid-thermal coupling conditions. The calculation process and analysis method for the temperature field and pressure field under fluid-solid-thermal coupling conditions are completed by a fluid-solid-thermal coupling heat transfer simulation module, including: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional geometric model, wherein the three-dimensional geometric model includes a solid geometric structure and a fluid geometric structure; Step 2: Divide the 3D geometric model into CDF meshes; Step 3: Calculate the energy equation, turbulence equation, and gas radiation equation; set the gas inlet and outlet boundary conditions; use the one-way fluid-structure coupling method; and use the Coupled algorithm for solution. Step 4: Perform steady-state heat transfer simulation calculations on the heat exchange process of the active composite cooling fiber optic sensor, and post-process and analyze the converged simulation results. This will provide the sensor's temperature and pressure field distribution data for subsequent thermal stress field calculations.

[0035] The following are the steps in this process: Step 1: Build a complete 3D geometric model. The model should include both solid geometry (e.g., the solid portion of the fiber optic sensor) and fluid geometry (e.g., the flow region of the cooling medium). Use CAD software or finite element modeling tools (e.g., ANSYS, COMSOL, etc.) to create a 3D model of the sensor, accurately describing the contact and interaction between the solid and fluid components.

[0036] Step 2: Divide the 3D geometry into the mesh required for computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This step involves meshing both the fluid and solid regions to ensure computational accuracy. The appropriate mesh size and meshing method are selected based on the model complexity and analysis requirements. Typically, a finer mesh is used for the fluid region, while a coarser mesh can be used for the solid region. Furthermore, to ensure accurate fluid-structure interaction, appropriate mesh optimization is required at the solid-fluid interface.

[0037] Step 3: Calculate the energy equation, turbulence equation, and gas radiation equation, and set boundary conditions. Velocity inlet boundary conditions are used at all gas inlets to ensure that the velocity data of the input airflow matches the simulation model. Mean pressure outlet boundary conditions are used at all gas outlets to describe the pressure change when the fluid flows out of the system. Choose a one-way fluid-structure interaction method, i.e. the fluid flow does not affect the motion of the solid part in turn (or consider simplifying assumptions); The coupled algorithm is used for solving the problem, which can simultaneously deal with the heat exchange between fluid and solid and take into account the interaction between them.

[0038] Step 4: Perform a steady-state heat transfer simulation to simulate the heat transfer process of the fiber optic sensor and analyze the convergence of the calculation results. This involves solving the above equations to simulate the steady-state heat conduction and heat transfer process of the sensor system and solving for the temperature field, pressure field, and thermal stress field generated by the temperature gradient. The convergence of the simulation results is analyzed by observing whether the physical quantities (such as temperature and pressure) in the calculation process tend to stabilize as the calculation steps progress. If the results do not converge, adjust the mesh, boundary conditions, or solution method until convergence is achieved. Post-process and analyze the converged simulation results to obtain the sensor's temperature and pressure field distribution data for subsequent thermal stress field calculations.

[0039] The method proposed in this embodiment can accurately simulate the temperature distribution, pressure changes and thermal stress effects of the sensor under actual working conditions through the coupled calculation of fluid mechanics (CFD), structural mechanics (FEM) and thermodynamics. This coupled calculation can reflect the structural deformation caused by temperature changes, the influence of fluid flow on heat conduction, and the influence of thermal stress on the performance of sensor materials, thereby providing more realistic simulation results. In particular, when using the one-way fluid-solid coupling method, complex two-way coupling calculations can be avoided while ensuring accuracy and improving simulation efficiency. By solving the energy equation, turbulence equation and gas radiation equation, the heat conduction, heat convection and radiation processes in the sensor working environment can be captured in detail. The turbulence equation can accurately simulate the turbulence effect in fluid flow, while the gas radiation equation takes into account the radiation heat transfer of high-temperature gas and is applicable to a wider range of working conditions.

[0040] Furthermore, by setting velocity inlet and average pressure outlet boundary conditions, realistic simulation of airflow conditions during the calculation process is ensured, making the simulation more realistic. Steady-state heat transfer simulation can evaluate the operating stability of the sensor over a longer time span, avoiding interference caused by transient changes. Steady-state analysis can obtain stable temperature and stress field data, thereby analyzing the sensor's tolerance and performance under different operating conditions. Convergence analysis during the simulation calculation process ensures the reliability of the calculation results. By verifying the converged simulation results, errors in actual manufacturing and experiments can be greatly reduced, saving design time and costs.

[0041] Implementation method seven. This implementation method further limits the structure simulation method of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor described in implementation method six. The solid geometric structure includes: an outer cooling jacket shell, an inner cooling jacket shell, and an optical fiber; the fluid geometric structure includes: an outer cooling fluid, an inner cooling fluid, and a combustion gas fluid in a high-temperature environment.

[0042] Implementation method eight. This implementation method further limits the structure simulation method of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor described in implementation method six, wherein the three-dimensional geometric model is divided into CDF grids, including: overall composite grid division, and the coupling surface between the fluid domain and the solid domain is generated using a smooth transition method. The boundary layer grid.

[0043] Embodiment 9: This embodiment further limits the structure simulation method of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor described in embodiment 6, wherein step 4 includes: Calculate the fluid-solid-thermal coupled steady-state heat transfer simulation of the active composite cooling fiber optic sensor structure; Export simulation models, temperature data, and pressure data from the fluid-solid-thermal coupled heat transfer simulation module and import them into the steady-state thermodynamics module and static structural analysis module; Thermal stress calculations are performed in the steady-state thermodynamics module and the statics analysis module based on the fluid-solid-thermal coupling simulation model and temperature and pressure data; The total deformation, equivalent stress distribution and equivalent strain distribution data of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure are obtained.

[0044] Embodiment 10. A computer device described in this embodiment includes a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory. When the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure simulation method described in any one of Embodiments 6 and 9.

[0045] Implementation method 11, see Figures 2 to 6This embodiment provides a specific example of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure described in the first embodiment, and is also used to explain the second to fifth embodiments. Specifically: The active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure design proposed in this embodiment includes: Outer cooling jacket head shell 1, outer cooling jacket inner baffle 2, outer cooling jacket cooling gas inlet 3, outer cooling jacket tail shell 4, inner cooling jacket shell 5, optical fiber 6, inner cooling jacket cooling gas inlet 7, inner cooling jacket cooling gas outlet 10, outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlet 11; The outer cooling jacket head shell 1, the outer cooling jacket tail shell 4, the outer cooling jacket inner baffle 2, the two outer cooling jacket cooling gas inlets 3 and the outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlet 11 constitute the outer cooling jacket of the sensor to isolate the inner cooling jacket shell 5 enclosing the optical fiber 6 from the high-temperature gas environment; The outer cooling jacket head shell 1 and the outer cooling jacket tail shell 4 make the outer cooling jacket of the sensor have a stepped shape as a whole; the two outer cooling jacket cooling gas inlets 3 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the outer cooling jacket tail shell 4, and one outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlet 11 is located on the front side of the outer cooling jacket tail shell 4; The outer cooling jacket inner baffle 2 divides the outer cooling jacket into two upper and lower flow channels, enhancing the disturbance and heat exchange of the cooling gas within a limited space to enhance the cooling effect; the diameter of the outer cooling jacket inner baffle 2 is always maintained at half the difference between the diameters of the inner cooling jacket shell 5 and the outer cooling jacket head shell 1; The cooling gas enters the lower flow channel divided by the inner baffle 2 of the outer cooling jacket from the two outer cooling jacket cooling gas inlets 3, then flows through the upper flow channel divided by the inner baffle 2 of the outer cooling jacket, and finally flows out from one of the outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlets 11; The inner cooling jacket shell 5 encloses the optical fiber 6, and the space between the inner cooling jacket shell and the optical fiber 6 is a heat exchange space for the cooling gas of the inner cooling jacket. The cooling gas enters the inner cooling jacket shell through the cooling gas inlet 7, exchanges heat with the optical fiber 6, and then flows out directly through the cooling gas outlet 10 of the inner cooling jacket. The penetration depth of the optical fiber 6 differs from the length of the inner cooling jacket by 10 mm, forming an air film cooling effect, thereby further improving the cooling effect.

[0046] To achieve the desired cooling effect, this embodiment also proposes a fluid-solid-thermal simulation of an active composite cooling fiber optic sensor structure. Five different inner tube diameters with equal spacing from 3.0 mm to 5.0 mm are used. As the inner tube diameter increases, the space of the outer shell flow channel will gradually decrease. Therefore, the internal flow channel of the outer shell needs to be adjusted accordingly to ensure that the baffle inside the outer shell is always maintained at the center position between the outer shell and the inner shell of the cooling jacket. First, heat transfer simulation under fluid-solid-thermal coupling conditions was performed based on the Ansys Workbench platform. The steps include: Step 1: In the Ansys Fluent module, build the sensor's three-dimensional geometric structure in blocks according to the sensor's geometric parameters in Table 1, as shown in the following example: Figure 2 The overall geometric structure of the sensor shown has an inner cooling jacket diameter of 3.0 mm. The solid geometric structure includes: outer cooling jacket shell, inner cooling jacket shell, and optical fiber. The fluid geometric structure includes: outer cooling fluid, inner cooling fluid, and gas fluid in a high-temperature environment. Five geometric models are established based on different inner cooling pipe diameters. Figure 3 The right side view of the sensor with different inner cooling jacket diameters; Table 1 Structural geometry of active composite cooling optical fiber sensor

[0047] Step 2: Divide the sensor grid into blocks. The sensor needs to be divided into two parts: solid domain and fluid domain. The overall grid division is composite. The solid domain grid includes: the relatively complex outer cooling jacket shell unstructured grid, the relatively simple inner cooling jacket shell structured grid and the optical fiber structured grid. Figure 4 This is the solid domain mesh division when the diameter of the sensor inner cooling jacket is 3.0 mm; the fluid domain includes: outer cooling fluid unstructured grid, inner cooling fluid unstructured grid and high-temperature gas fluid unstructured grid. Figure 5 The mesh division of the inner and outer fluid domains is shown in the figure. The boundary layer mesh is generated by the smooth transition method on the coupling surface between the fluid domain and the solid domain. The mesh independence of the generated mesh is verified. Taking the geometry with the inner cooling jacket diameter of 3.0 mm as an example, the temperature along the axis at the center of the optical fiber is used as the indicator in the range of 5.0×10 5 , 8.0×10 5 With 1.0×10 6 Three independent verifications were conducted under the condition of the number of grids; Step 3: Enable the energy equation and Realizable k-ε turbulence equation to account for the convective heat transfer between the cooling gas and the high-temperature gas, and use the WSGG gas radiation equation to address the radiation effects generated by the high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas is 1000K and is mainly composed of H2O, CO2, N2, and O2, with volume fractions of 10%, 5%, 75%, and 10%, respectively. The inner and outer cooling shells of the sensor are made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and the optical fiber is made of multimode indium fluoride (IFG) with excellent transmission performance in the 3.9μm (flame-transmissive) band. All gas inlets use velocity inlet boundary conditions, considering four incident velocities of 5m / s, 10m / s, 15m / s, and 20m / s. Combined with five different inner pipe diameters, a total of 20 different operating conditions are generated. All gas outlets use average pressure outlet boundaries. A one-way fluid-structure interaction method is used, and the Coupled algorithm is selected for solution. Step 4: Perform steady-state heat transfer simulation calculations on the heat exchange process of the active composite cooling fiber optic sensor and post-process and analyze the converged simulation results. This can obtain the temperature and pressure field distribution data of the sensor for subsequent thermal stress field calculations.

[0048] The subsequent thermal stress simulation calculation under fluid-solid-thermal coupling conditions is carried out based on the Ansys Workbench platform. The steps include: Step 1: Based on the Ansys Fluent module, complete the fluid-solid-thermal coupled steady-state heat transfer simulation calculation of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure under different working conditions; Step 2: Export the simulation model, temperature data, and pressure data from the fluid-solid-thermal coupled heat transfer simulation module and import them into the Steady State Thermal module and Static Structural module of the Ansys Workbench platform; Step 3: Calculate thermal stress in the Steady State Thermal module and Static Structural module based on the fluid-solid-thermal coupling simulation model and temperature and pressure data; Step 4: Finally, the total deformation, equivalent stress distribution, and equivalent strain distribution data of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure are obtained.

[0049] The flow-solid-heat simulation analysis process of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure based on the Ansys Workbench platform in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0050] The advantages of this embodiment include: A novel fiber optic sensor for measuring the temperature of high-temperature components in gas turbine combustion chambers employs active cooling and incorporates a composite inner and outer cooling jacket structure to effectively isolate the high-temperature gas environment and ensure fiber optic measurement accuracy. The outer cooling jacket incorporates an internal baffle structure to enhance the flow of cooling air, while the inner cooling jacket maintains a certain distance from the fiber's penetration depth to create film cooling, effectively enhancing cooling gas disturbance and heat transfer.

[0051] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0052] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalents, the present disclosure is intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media, including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage, and the like, containing computer-usable program code. The present disclosure is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, device systems, and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific way, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including the instruction device, which implements the function specified in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1The function specified in one or more boxes. These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit its scope of protection. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that after reading the present disclosure, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the scope of protection of the disclosed claims.

Claims

1. An active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensor structure comprises: Outer cooling jacket, inner cooling jacket, optical fiber (6); The outer cooling jacket comprises: an outer cooling jacket head shell (1), an outer cooling jacket inner baffle (2), an outer cooling jacket cooling gas inlet (3), and an outer cooling jacket tail shell (4); The outer cooling jacket head shell (1) and the outer cooling jacket tail shell (4) are sleeved on both ends of the sensor, so that the outer cooling jacket of the sensor is in a stepped shape as a whole; The outer cooling jacket has two cooling gas inlets (3), which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the outer cooling jacket tail shell (4); the outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlet (11) is located at the front side of the outer cooling jacket tail shell (4); The outer cooling jacket inner baffle (2) is arranged inside the outer cooling jacket and is used to divide the outer cooling jacket into two upper and lower flow channels; The inner cooling jacket is coaxially arranged with the outer cooling jacket, and the inner cooling jacket is a cooling air annular inlet and outlet structure parallel to the direction of the optical fiber; The inner cooling jacket comprises: an inner cooling jacket shell (5), an inner cooling jacket cooling gas inlet (7), an inner cooling jacket cooling gas outlet (10), and an outer cooling jacket cooling gas outlet (11); The inner cooling jacket shell (5) wraps the optical fiber (6), and one end of the inner cooling jacket shell (5) is connected to the inner cooling jacket cooling gas inlet (7), and the other end is connected to the inner cooling jacket cooling gas outlet (10).

2. The active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the inner baffle (2) of the outer cooling jacket is half the difference between the diameters of the inner cooling jacket shell (5) and the outer cooling jacket head shell (1).

3. The active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The penetration depth of the optical fiber (6) differs from the length of the inner cooling jacket by 10 mm.

4. The active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the inner cooling jacket is set to 3.0 mm to 5.0 mm.

5. The active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber adopts a multimode indium fluoride material in the 3.9 μm band.

6. A method for simulating the structure of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor, characterized in that: The method includes the entire calculation process and analysis method of the temperature field, pressure field and thermal stress field under the fluid-solid-thermal coupling condition; wherein, the calculation process and analysis method of the temperature field and pressure field under the fluid-solid-thermal coupling condition are completed by the fluid-solid-thermal coupling heat transfer simulation module, including: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional geometric model, wherein the three-dimensional geometric model includes a solid geometric structure and a fluid geometric structure; Step 2: Divide the 3D geometric model into CDF meshes; Step 3: Calculate the energy equation, turbulence equation, and gas radiation equation; set the gas inlet and outlet boundary conditions; use the one-way fluid-structure coupling method; and use the Coupled algorithm for solution. Step 4: Perform steady-state heat transfer simulation calculations on the heat transfer process of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor, and post-process and analyze the converged simulation results.

7. The method for simulating the structure of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solid geometric structure includes: an outer cooling jacket shell, an inner cooling jacket shell, and an optical fiber; the fluid geometric structure includes: an outer cooling fluid, an inner cooling fluid, and a combustion gas fluid in a high-temperature environment.

8. The method for simulating the structure of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The CDF meshing of the three-dimensional geometric model includes: adopting composite meshing for the whole, and generating boundary layer meshes for the coupling surface between the fluid domain and the solid domain by using a smooth transition method.

9. The method for simulating the structure of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step 4 comprises: Calculate the fluid-solid-thermal coupled steady-state heat transfer simulation of the active composite cooling fiber optic sensor structure; Export simulation models, temperature data, and pressure data from the fluid-solid-thermal coupled heat transfer simulation module and import them into the steady-state thermodynamics module and static structural analysis module; Thermal stress calculations are performed in the steady-state thermodynamics module and the statics analysis module based on the fluid-solid-thermal coupling simulation model and temperature and pressure data; The total deformation, equivalent stress distribution and equivalent strain distribution data of the active composite cooling optical fiber sensor structure are obtained.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory. When the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes the structure simulation method of an active composite cooling optical fiber sensor according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

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