A device and method for detecting the torque of steel structure bolts

Abstract

This invention provides a steel structure bolt torque testing device and method, relating to the field of steel structure testing technology. The testing device includes a digital display handheld torque wrench. The sleeve of the digital display handheld torque wrench is equipped with a coaxial positioning mechanism to keep the sleeve and bolt head coaxial. The coaxial positioning mechanism includes an internal threaded sleeve, a flared cylinder, six clamping blocks, and six sliding rods. The internal threaded sleeve is threaded onto the outer wall of the sleeve, and the flared cylinder is located at the bottom of the internal threaded sleeve. The testing method includes step T3: aligning the sleeve with the bolt head, rotating the rotatable lever to move the internal threaded sleeve and flared cylinder downwards until the clamping blocks fit against the bolt head facets, making the sleeve and bolt coaxial. The steel structure bolt torque testing device provided by this invention has the advantages of achieving precise coaxial positioning of the sleeve and bolt, pre-treating the bolt head rust layer, and ensuring the stability of rust removal operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular to a device and method for detecting the torque of steel structure bolts. Background Technology

[0002] In steel structure engineering, bolted connections are a core component ensuring structural stability. The torque value of the bolts directly affects the load-bearing capacity and safety of the steel structure, therefore, the bolt torque needs to be checked regularly. Currently, the industry commonly uses digital display handheld torque wrenches to perform this testing. These wrenches apply torque by fitting a socket into the bolt head and using a built-in sensor to detect the torque value; their ease of operation has been widely recognized.

[0003] During installation or torque testing of bolts on steel structures, the bolt head facets may experience varying degrees of wear, increasing the clearance between the bolt head and the sleeve. Furthermore, steel structure bolts exposed to outdoor or industrial environments for extended periods are prone to rust, leading to a loose connection between the facets and the sleeve. When an operator inserts the sleeve into the bolt head with a hand-held wrench, the axial misalignment between the sleeve and the bolt can be significant. This results in additional radial force during torque transmission, causing inaccurate sensor readings. Existing digital handheld torque wrenches only adapt the sleeve's inner diameter to the bolt head size, lacking active positioning adjustment. Therefore, they cannot address the issue of excessive coaxial misalignment between the sleeve and bolt when the above-mentioned situations occur, potentially leading to structural safety hazards due to testing errors.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a steel structure bolt torque detection device and detection method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a steel structure bolt torque detection device and detection method that can achieve precise coaxial positioning of the sleeve and bolt, pre-treat the rust layer of the bolt head, and ensure the stability of the rust removal operation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a steel structure bolt torque detection device, including a digital display handheld torque wrench, which is provided with a sleeve and a handle. The sleeve is provided with a coaxial positioning mechanism to keep the sleeve and the bolt head coaxial.

[0007] The coaxial positioning mechanism includes an internal threaded sleeve, a horn-shaped tube, six clamping blocks, and six sliding rods. The internal threaded sleeve is threaded onto the outer wall of the sleeve. The horn-shaped tube is located at the bottom of the internal threaded sleeve and is integrally formed with the internal threaded sleeve. Mounting grooves are formed on the six inner walls of the sleeve. The six clamping blocks are slidably mounted in their respective mounting grooves. The six sliding rods are slidably mounted on the sleeve. The ends of the six sliding rods that are close to each other are fixedly connected to their respective clamping blocks. A ball bearing is movably embedded in the end of each sliding rod away from the clamping block. The ball bearing contacts the inner wall of the horn-shaped tube. A collar is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of each sliding rod. A first return spring is fitted on each sliding rod. One end of the first return spring contacts the collar, and the other end contacts the sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, two rotatable levers are rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the internal threaded sleeve, and two magnets are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the horn tube, with each magnet attracting the corresponding rotatable lever.

[0009] Furthermore, a rust-removing mechanism is also installed at the end of the handle away from the sleeve, for cleaning the rust layer on the bolt head;

[0010] The rust removal mechanism includes a fixed ring, a turntable, a hexagonal fixed rod, a hexagonal sleeve, multiple movable rods, multiple grinding rods, and multiple push-pull rods. The fixed ring is mounted on the handle, the turntable is rotatably mounted inside the fixed ring, the hexagonal fixed rod is fixedly mounted at the center of the top of the turntable, the hexagonal sleeve is slidably mounted on the hexagonal fixed rod, the multiple movable rods are all slidably mounted through and on the turntable, and the multiple movable rods are rotationally symmetrically distributed, the multiple grinding rods are respectively mounted at the bottom ends of the multiple movable rods, the multiple push-pull rods are respectively rotatably mounted at the top ends of the multiple movable rods, and the top ends of the multiple push-pull rods are rotatably connected to the hexagonal sleeve. A second return spring is sleeved on the hexagonal fixed rod, the top end of the second return spring is in contact with the hexagonal sleeve, and the bottom end is in contact with the turntable.

[0011] Preferably, the turntable has multiple elongated sliding openings, and multiple movable rods are located in the corresponding elongated sliding openings. A limiting slide rod is fixedly installed in the elongated sliding opening. The limiting slide rod passes through the movable rod and is slidably connected to the movable rod. A third return spring is sleeved on the limiting slide rod. One end of the third return spring contacts the movable rod, and the other end contacts the inner wall of one side of the corresponding elongated sliding opening.

[0012] Preferably, a square plug is fixedly installed on the fixing ring, a square slot is provided at the end of the handle away from the sleeve, the end of the square plug away from the fixing ring extends into the square slot, and a quick-release piece is installed on the top of the square plug, which can fix the square plug in place after it is inserted into the square slot to prevent it from slipping out.

[0013] The quick-release component includes an L-shaped fixing block, a plug rod, an end plate, and a retaining spring. The L-shaped fixing block is fixedly installed on the top of the square plug. The plug rod is slidably installed on the top of the L-shaped fixing block. The top of the square plug has a first circular insertion hole. The handle has a clearance circular hole. The bottom end of the plug rod passes through the clearance circular hole and extends into the first circular insertion hole. The end plate is fixedly installed on the top end of the plug rod. The retaining spring is sleeved on the plug rod. The top end of the retaining spring is fixedly connected to the end plate, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixing block.

[0014] Preferably, the grinding rod consists of a diamond abrasive layer and a core rod, wherein the diamond abrasive layer is bonded and fixed to the outer wall of the core rod.

[0015] Preferably, a rotating rod is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the movable rod, and an mounting sleeve is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the rotating rod. The core rod is detachably and fixedly connected to the mounting sleeve. A worm gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating rod. Two fixed arms are fixedly mounted on the movable rod, and the same worm is rotatably mounted on the two fixed arms. The worm meshes with the worm gear.

[0016] Furthermore, an auxiliary support is installed at the bottom of the end of the handle away from the sleeve, which is used to provide auxiliary support for the digital hand torque wrench to maintain its stability when cleaning the rust layer on the bolt head;

[0017] The auxiliary support includes a Z-shaped rod, a sleeve, and a pad. The sleeve is threaded onto the Z-shaped rod, and the top end of the Z-shaped rod is detachably and fixedly connected to the handle. The pad is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sleeve.

[0018] Furthermore, a rubber pad is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pad plate.

[0019] To address the above problems, the present invention also provides a method for detecting the torque of steel structure bolts, comprising the following steps:

[0020] T1: Install the socket onto the drive head of the digital display hand torque wrench, ensuring a secure connection with no looseness;

[0021] T2: Check the digital display handheld torque wrench to ensure that the digital display function is normal;

[0022] T3: Align the sleeve with the bolt head, rotate the lever to move the internal threaded sleeve and the bell-shaped tube downwards until the clamping block fits against the bolt head face, making the sleeve and bolt coaxial;

[0023] T4: Hold the handle and rotate the sleeve in the direction of bolt tightening. At the moment when the bolt overcomes the preload and begins to rotate in the direction of tightening, read the peak torque locked on the digital display.

[0024] T5: Reverse rotation of the lever moves the horn upward, separating the clamp from the bolt head's edge. Then, grasp the handle to remove the sleeve from the bolt head, completing the inspection.

[0025] Compared with related technologies, the steel structure bolt torque detection device and detection method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] This invention provides a steel structure bolt torque detection device. By setting a coaxial positioning mechanism, it realizes the precise coaxial alignment function of the sleeve and the bolt. The internal thread of the coaxial positioning mechanism is threadedly connected to the sleeve. With the opening and contraction characteristics of the bell tube, it drives the clamping block to move radially synchronously and fit against the bolt head face. The six-way symmetrical clamping force allows the sleeve to adaptively adjust its position, which effectively avoids the situation where the torque transmission error is too large due to the large deviation between the bolt and the sleeve axis, and helps to improve the torque detection accuracy.

[0027] By setting up a rust removal mechanism, the pre-treatment and cleaning function of the rust layer on the bolt head is realized. The rust removal mechanism adopts a combination of square plug and quick-release parts, which can be quickly installed and removed from the handle of the digital display handheld torque wrench. By pressing the hexagonal socket to control the expansion and contraction of the grinding rod, the grinding preparation can be completed quickly. Rotating the handwheel can drive the grinding rod to rotate and remove rust, eliminating the interference of rust on coaxial positioning and torque transmission. In addition, the cooperation of worm gear and worm wheel can adjust the angle of the grinding rod, adjusting the unused abrasive area to face the bolt head, so that all areas of the grinding rod can be effectively utilized, which helps to extend the service life of the grinding rod and reduce the frequency of consumable replacement.

[0028] By setting up auxiliary support components, a stable support function is achieved during rust removal operations. The rotating sleeve of the auxiliary support component can be adjusted in height, so that the pad plate contacts the steel structure to form a fulcrum, which, together with the handle grip, forms a two-point support. This can effectively disperse the reverse impact force during grinding, reduce hand shaking to ensure uniform rust removal, and reduce grip fatigue. The Z-shaped bar avoids interference with the grinding area, and the rubber pad plays a role in anti-slip and cushioning, allowing the rust removal operation to be carried out stably and efficiently in various environments.

[0029] This invention provides a method for detecting the torque of steel structure bolts, which enables the sleeve of a digital handheld torque wrench to be coaxially positioned with the bolt, thereby improving the accuracy of torque detection. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steel structure bolt torque detection device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the sleeve and the coaxial positioning mechanism.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The top view of the sleeve shown;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section AA shown;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 2 An exploded view of the coaxial positioning mechanism shown.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the rust removal mechanism and auxiliary support components connected to the handle.

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the rust removal mechanism and auxiliary support components in a detached state from the handle.

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shown illustrates the structure of the rust removal mechanism.

[0038] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A bottom view of the rust removal mechanism shown;

[0039] Figure 10 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the connection structure between the grinding rod and the moving rod.

[0040] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows the structure with the grinding rod and the mounting sleeve separated.

[0041] Figure 12 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure of the quick-release component;

[0042] Figure 13 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the auxiliary support component.

[0043] Numbering on the map:

[0044] 1. Digital display handheld torque wrench; 11. Socket; 12. Handle; 2. Coaxial positioning mechanism; 21. Internal threaded sleeve; 22. Horn; 23. Clamping block; 24. Sliding rod; 25. Ball bearing; 26. Collar; 27. First return spring; 28. Rotatable hand lever; 3. Rust removal mechanism; 31. Fixing ring; 32. Turntable; 33. Square plug; 34. Hexagonal fixing rod; 35. Hexagonal socket; 36. Handwheel; 37. Moving rod; 38. Grinding rod; 39. Push-pull rod; 310. The first... 311. Second return spring; 312. Limiting slide rod; 313. Third return spring; 314. Quick release piece; 315. Rotating rod; 316. Mounting sleeve; 317. Worm gear; 318. Fixed arm; 319. Worm; 320. Locking screw; 3131. L-shaped fixing block; 3132. Insert rod; 3133. End plate; 3134. Holding spring; 3135. Pull ring; 4. Auxiliary support piece; 41. Z-shaped rod; 42. Sleeve; 43. Pad; 44. Hexagonal plug. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] First Embodiment

[0047] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-13 In the first embodiment of the present invention, a steel structure bolt torque detection device is proposed, which includes: a digital display handheld torque wrench 1. The digital display handheld torque wrench 1 adopts the conventional design of the digital display handheld torque wrench in the prior art. The digital display handheld torque wrench 1 is provided with a sleeve 11 and a handle 12. Unlike the prior art, the sleeve 11 of the digital display handheld torque wrench 1 is provided with a coaxial positioning mechanism 2, which is used to keep the sleeve 11 and the bolt head coaxial.

[0048] In this embodiment, the coaxial positioning mechanism 2 specifically includes an internal threaded sleeve 21, a horn-shaped tube 22, six clamping blocks 23, and six sliding rods 24. The internal threaded sleeve 21 is threaded onto the outer wall of the sleeve 11, and an external thread is formed on the outer wall of the sleeve 11. The external thread engages with the internal thread of the internal threaded sleeve 21. The horn-shaped tube 22 is located at the bottom of the internal threaded sleeve 21 and is integrally formed with the internal threaded sleeve 21. Mounting grooves are formed on the six inner walls of the sleeve 11, and the six clamping blocks 23 are slidably mounted in the corresponding mounting grooves. The six sliding rods 24 are all slidably mounted on the sleeve 11. Above, the ends of the six sliding rods 24 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping blocks 23. The ends of the sliding rods 24 away from the clamping blocks 23 are movably embedded with ball bearings 25. The ball bearings 25 are in contact with the inner wall of the horn tube 22. As the horn tube 22 moves downward, its opening gradually narrows from bottom to top. Therefore, the ball bearings 25 can push the six sliding rods 24 to move simultaneously towards the axis of the sleeve 11. The sliding rods 24 drive the clamping blocks 23 to move, so that the six clamping blocks 23 can respectively fit into the six facets of the bolt head. Due to the initial circumferential position of the six clamping blocks 23... The bolt head is pre-aligned with its six facets and maintains synchronous radial feed along the sleeve 11 during movement. Since the bolt is fixed to the steel structure, it cannot move. When the clamping block 23 clamps radially, it uses a six-way symmetrical force to adaptively adjust the position of the sleeve 11, thereby automatically aligning the bolt's axis with the sleeve 11's axis, achieving coaxial alignment. The rolling friction between the ball bearing 25 and the horn cylinder 22 significantly reduces the relative motion resistance between the horn cylinder 22 and the sliding rod 24 during downward movement, ensuring smoother radial feed of the sliding rod 24. The response is more sensitive. A collar 26 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod 24. A first return spring 27 is sleeved on the sliding rod 24. One end of the first return spring 27 is in contact with the collar 26, and the other end is in contact with the sleeve 11. When the sliding rod 24 moves into the sleeve 11, the first return spring 27 is compressed and stores elastic potential energy. During the upward movement of the horn tube 22, the squeezing force on the ball 25 gradually disappears, and the elastic potential energy stored in the first return spring 27 is gradually released, driving the sliding rod 24 to move out of the horn tube 22, and finally driving the clamping block 23 back to the initial state.

[0049] In this embodiment, two rotatable levers 28 are rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the internal threaded sleeve 21. The two rotatable levers 28 facilitate the operator to rotate the internal threaded sleeve 21. Two magnets are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the horn tube 22. The two magnets are attracted to the corresponding rotatable levers 28 respectively. When not in operation, the rotatable levers 28 are attracted and fixed by the magnets.

[0050] In this embodiment, a rust removal mechanism 3 is also installed at the end of the handle 12 away from the sleeve 11. This mechanism is used to pre-clean the rust layer on the bolt head before torque testing, eliminating interference with coaxial positioning accuracy and preventing the rust layer from affecting the stability of torque transmission. The rust removal mechanism 3 specifically includes a fixed ring 31, a turntable 32, a hexagonal fixing rod 34, a hexagonal sleeve 35, multiple moving rods 37, multiple grinding rods 38, and multiple push-pull rods 39. The fixed ring 31 is installed on the handle 12, the turntable 32 is rotatably installed inside the fixed ring 31, the hexagonal fixing rod 34 is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the turntable 32, the hexagonal sleeve 35 is slidably sleeved on the hexagonal fixing rod 34, and a handwheel 3 is fixedly installed at the top of the hexagonal sleeve 35. 6. To facilitate operator rotation of the turntable 32, multiple movable rods 37 are slidably mounted on the turntable 32. More specifically, the turntable 32 has multiple elongated sliding openings, and the multiple movable rods 37 are located within the corresponding elongated sliding openings. Limiting sliding rods 311 are fixedly installed within the elongated sliding openings, passing through the movable rods 37 and slidably connected to them. The multiple movable rods 37 are rotationally symmetrically distributed. Multiple grinding rods 38 are respectively installed at the bottom ends of the multiple movable rods 37, and multiple push-pull rods 39 are respectively rotatably mounted at the top ends of the multiple movable rods 37. The top ends of the multiple push-pull rods 39 are rotatably connected to the hexagonal sleeve 35. A second return spring 310 is sleeved on the hexagonal fixed rod 34. The top of the 0 contacts the hexagonal sleeve 35, and the bottom contacts the turntable 32. A third return spring 312 is fitted on the limiting slide rod 311. One end of the third return spring 312 contacts the moving rod 37, and the other end contacts the inner wall of one side of the corresponding long strip slide. During the downward pressing of the hexagonal sleeve 35, it will slide downward along the hexagonal fixed rod 34 and compress the second return spring 310. The downward movement of the hexagonal sleeve 35 will be converted into a radial thrust on the moving rod 37 through the push-pull rod 39, causing multiple moving rods 37 to slide outward synchronously along the long strip slide, thereby driving the grinding rod 38 at the bottom end to expand outward synchronously. During this process, the third return spring 312 will also be compressed, maintaining this state and holding multiple grinding rods in place. The hexagonal sleeve 38 is placed around the bolt head. Then, the hexagonal sleeve 35 is released, and the second return spring 310 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the hexagonal sleeve 35 to return to its original position along the hexagonal fixed rod 34. The push-pull rod 39 pulls the moving rod 37 to slide inward along the long sliding groove. At the same time, the third return spring 312 releases its energy synchronously, assisting the moving rod 37 to return to its original position inward, causing the grinding rod 38 to retract inward synchronously. The combined force of the two sets of springs makes the grinding rod 38 fit tightly against the outer wall of the bolt head, forming a flexible clamping state. This ensures that the grinding contact pressure is maintained while avoiding excessive squeezing and damage to the bolt head body. Subsequently, the operator holds the handwheel 36 and continuously rotates the turntable 32, which drives multiple grinding rods 38 to rotate in a cycle, thereby grinding away the rust layer on the bolt head.

[0051] In this embodiment, to facilitate the quick installation of the rust removal mechanism 3 onto the handle 12, a square plug 33 is fixedly installed on the fixing ring 31. A square slot is provided at the end of the handle 12 away from the sleeve 11. The end of the square plug 33 away from the fixing ring 31 extends into the square slot. A quick-release piece 313 is installed on the top of the square plug 33. The quick-release piece 313 can fix the square plug 33 after it is inserted into the square slot to prevent it from slipping out. Specifically, the quick-release piece 313 includes an L-shaped fixing block 3131. The plug 3132, end plate 3133, and retaining spring 3134 are provided. An L-shaped fixing block 3131 is fixedly installed on the top of the square plug 33. The plug 3132 is slidably installed on the top of the L-shaped fixing block 3131. The top of the square plug 33 has a first circular insertion hole. The handle 12 has a clearance circular hole. The bottom end of the plug 3132 passes through the clearance circular hole and extends into the first circular insertion hole. The end plate 3133 is fixedly installed on the top of the plug 3132. The retaining spring 3134 is sleeved on the plug 3132. 2. The top end of the retaining spring 3134 is fixedly connected to the end plate 3133, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixing block 3131. A pull ring 3135 is welded to the top of the end plate 3133 to facilitate pulling the insert rod 3132 upward. Before installing the rust removal mechanism 3, the insert rod 3132 is pulled upward by the pull ring 3135. During this process, the retaining spring 3134 will be stretched and store elastic potential energy. Then, the square plug 33 is inserted into the square slot on the handle 12. After being inserted into place, the square plug... The first round insertion hole on the head 33 will be axially aligned with the clearance round hole on the handle 12. After releasing the pull ring 3135, under the tension of the spring 3134, the insertion rod 3132 will automatically pass through the clearance round hole and enter the first round insertion hole, thereby locking the square plug 33. Through the above settings, the rust removal mechanism 3 can be quickly installed or removed. The rust removal mechanism 3 is only used in scenarios where it is necessary to grind the rust on the bolt head. In other scenarios, the rust removal mechanism 3 does not need to be installed on the handle 12.

[0052] In this embodiment, the grinding rod 38 consists of a diamond abrasive layer (abrasive particle size of 60-80 mesh) and a core rod. The diamond abrasive layer is bonded and fixed to the outer wall of the core rod with glue.

[0053] In this embodiment, to facilitate the adjustment of the angle of the grinding rod 38 and the switching of the unused abrasive area, a rotating rod 314 is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the moving rod 37. An mounting sleeve 315 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the rotating rod 314. The core rod and the mounting sleeve 315 are detachably fixedly connected. A worm gear 316 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 314. Two fixed arms 317 are fixedly mounted on the moving rod 37, and the same worm 318 is rotatably mounted on the two fixed arms 317. The worm 318 meshes with the worm gear 316. Both ends of the worm 318 have internal hexagonal grooves. By rotating the worm 318 with a tool (such as an internal hexagonal wrench), the meshing transmission between the worm gear 316 and the worm 318 drives the rotating rod 314 to rotate, causing the mounting sleeve 315 and the grinding rod 38 to rotate synchronously to the desired position. The mounting sleeve 315 has a notched groove, and the top of the worm gear 318 is a notched circle that matches the notched groove. A second circular insertion hole is also provided in this part. A locking screw 319 is threaded onto the mounting sleeve 315, and a locking rod 320 is integrally formed on the locking screw 319. After inserting the locking rod 320 into the second circular insertion hole, the locking screw 319 is turned clockwise. The locking screw 319 will be fixed to the mounting sleeve 315, ensuring that the locking rod 320 will not easily move. Under the constraint of the locking rod 320 and the notched groove, the worm gear 318 can be reliably installed. When it is necessary to replace the grinding rod 38, the locking screw 319 is rotated counterclockwise, and then the locking rod 320 is pulled out, thus releasing the restriction on the grinding rod 38. The grinding rod 38 can then be pulled downwards.

[0054] In this embodiment, an auxiliary support 4 is installed at the bottom of the end of the handle 12 away from the sleeve 11. This auxiliary support 4 is used to provide auxiliary support for the digital handheld torque wrench 1 to maintain its stability when cleaning the rust layer on the bolt head. Specifically, the auxiliary support 4 includes a Z-shaped rod 41, a sleeve 42, and a pad 43. The sleeve 42 is threaded onto the Z-shaped rod 41, and the top end of the Z-shaped rod 41 is detachably fixed to the handle 12. The pad 43 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sleeve 42, and a rubber pad is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pad 43. Before cleaning the rust, the height of the rotating sleeve 42 is adjusted so that the rubber pad at the bottom of the pad 43 is in close contact with the steel structure around the bolt head, forming a reliable fulcrum. This fulcrum and the point of force exertion when the hand grips the handle 12 form a two-point support. During grinding, this fulcrum can be supported by the Z-shaped rod 41. The reverse impact force generated by the friction of the rust layer is transferred to the steel structure, thereby reducing hand tremors and distributing the gripping force borne by the hand, thus extending the operation time. The bending design of the Z-shaped rod 41 avoids the grinding area, and the rubber pad prevents slipping and avoids scratching the steel structure. A hexagonal plug 44 is welded to the top of the Z-shaped rod 41, and a mounting round head is provided at the bottom of the handle 12. The mounting round head has a hexagonal slot that matches the hexagonal plug 44. The mounting round head also has an abutment screw. After inserting the hexagonal plug 44 into the hexagonal slot, tightening the abutment screw clockwise will secure the hexagonal plug 44 in the hexagonal slot. The auxiliary support 4 is also used in scenarios where rust on the bolt head needs to be ground. In other scenarios, it is not necessary to install it on the handle 12.

[0055] In this embodiment:

[0056] This steel structure bolt torque detection device is based on a digital display handheld torque wrench 1. Through the coaxial positioning mechanism 2, it achieves precise coaxiality between the sleeve 11 and the bolt, thereby completing torque detection. The internal threaded sleeve 21 in the coaxial positioning mechanism 2 is threaded onto the outer wall of the sleeve 11. Rotating the rotatable lever 28 moves the internal threaded sleeve 21 and the bell-shaped tube 22 downwards. Because the opening of the bell-shaped tube 22 is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top, its inner wall, through the ball bearings 25, pushes six sliding rods 24 towards the axis of the sleeve 11 during downward movement. The sliding rods 24 drive the clamping blocks 23 to move synchronously and fit against the six facets of the bolt head. Since the initial circumferential position of the clamping blocks 23 is pre-aligned with the facets of the bolt head and synchronously fed radially, under the action of the six-way symmetrical clamping force, the sleeve 11... The position is adaptively adjusted and eventually coaxial with the bolt. During torque detection, the operator holds the handle 12 and slowly rotates the sleeve 11. The sleeve 11 transmits the rotational force to the bolt head. The built-in torque sensor of the digital handheld torque wrench 1 monitors the rotational torque in real time and converts it into an electrical signal. When the bolt is twisted at the moment (i.e. when the bolt overcomes the preload and begins to rotate), the built-in torque sensor will capture the peak torque at this time. The digital display function will automatically lock the peak value and display it on the screen. The operator can read the value to obtain the actual torque value of the bolt. After the detection is completed, rotating the rotatable lever 28 in the opposite direction can move the horn 22 upward. The first reset spring 27 will release potential energy to drive the sliding rod 24 and the clamp 23 to reset.

[0057] If the bolt head is rusted and needs cleaning, the rust removal mechanism 3 can be inserted into the square slot of the handle 12 via the square plug 33 and locked by the quick-release piece 313. Then, press the hexagonal sleeve 35 to cause the moving rod 37 to drive multiple grinding rods 38 to expand, fit into the bolt head, and then release. The combined force of the second return spring 310 and the third return spring 312 will cause the grinding rods 38 to converge and finally fit against the bolt head. At the same time, insert the hexagonal plug 44 of the auxiliary support 4 into the hexagonal slot of the handle 12 and fix it. Then rotate the sleeve 42 to make the rubber pad at the bottom of the pad 43 make close contact with the steel structure surface around the bolt head, forming a stable fulcrum. Then, the operator holds the handle 12 with one hand and rotates the handwheel 36 with the other hand to drive the grinding rods 38 to rotate in a cycle, using the diamond abrasive layer to grind away the rust layer. If the abrasive layer of the grinding rod 38 is partially worn, a tool can be used to rotate the worm 318. Through the meshing transmission between the worm 318 and the worm wheel 316, the rotating rod 314 and the mounting sleeve 315 will be rotated, thereby adjusting the angle of the grinding rod 38 and aligning the unused abrasive area with the bolt head. If the overall abrasive layer is worn out, the grinding rod 38 can be completely removed and replaced with a new grinding rod 38. After the rust removal work is completed, the rust removal mechanism 3 and the auxiliary support 4 can be removed. Then, the coaxial positioning and torque testing operations described above can be performed.

[0058] Second embodiment:

[0059] In a second embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting the torque of steel structure bolts is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0060] T1: Install the socket 11 onto the drive head of the digital display handheld torque wrench 1, ensuring that the socket 11 is securely connected and without any looseness;

[0061] T2: Check the digital display handheld torque wrench 1 to ensure that the digital display function is normal;

[0062] T3: Align the sleeve 11 with the bolt head, rotate the rotatable lever 28 to move the internal thread sleeve 21 and the bell tube 22 downward until the clamping block 23 fits against the bolt head face, so that the sleeve 11 and the bolt are coaxial.

[0063] T4: Hold the handle 12 and rotate the sleeve 11 in the bolt tightening direction. At the moment when the bolt overcomes the preload and begins to rotate in the tightening direction, read the peak torque locked on the digital display screen.

[0064] T5: Rotate the rotatable lever 28 in the opposite direction to move the horn 22 upward, causing the clamp 23 to separate from the edge of the bolt head. Then, hold the handle 12 to remove the sleeve 11 from the bolt head to complete the test.

[0065] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel structure bolt torque testing device, comprising a digital display handheld torque wrench, wherein the digital display handheld torque wrench is provided with a socket and a handle, characterized in that, The sleeve is provided with a coaxial positioning mechanism to keep the sleeve and the bolt head coaxial; The coaxial positioning mechanism includes an internal threaded sleeve, a horn-shaped tube, six clamping blocks, and six sliding rods. The internal threaded sleeve is threaded onto the outer wall of the sleeve. The horn-shaped tube is located at the bottom of the internal threaded sleeve and is integrally formed with the internal threaded sleeve. Mounting grooves are provided on the six inner walls of the sleeve. The six clamping blocks are slidably mounted in their respective mounting grooves. The six sliding rods are slidably mounted on the sleeve. The ends of the six sliding rods that are close to each other are fixedly connected to their respective clamping blocks. A ball is movably embedded in the end of each sliding rod away from the clamping block, and the ball contacts the inner wall of the horn-shaped tube. A collar is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of each sliding rod. A first return spring is fitted on each sliding rod, with one end of the first return spring contacting the collar and the other end contacting the sleeve. The end of the handle away from the sleeve is also equipped with a rust removal mechanism for cleaning the rust layer on the bolt head; The rust removal mechanism includes a fixed ring, a turntable, a hexagonal fixed rod, a hexagonal sleeve, multiple movable rods, multiple grinding rods, and multiple push-pull rods. The fixed ring is installed on the handle, the turntable is rotatably installed inside the fixed ring, the hexagonal fixed rod is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the turntable, the hexagonal sleeve is slidably fitted on the hexagonal fixed rod, multiple movable rods are all slidably installed through and on the turntable, and the multiple movable rods are rotationally symmetrically distributed, multiple grinding rods are respectively installed at the bottom ends of the multiple movable rods, multiple push-pull rods are respectively rotatably installed at the top ends of the multiple movable rods, and the top ends of the multiple push-pull rods are rotatably connected to the hexagonal sleeve. A second return spring is fitted on the hexagonal fixed rod, the top end of the second return spring is in contact with the hexagonal sleeve, and the bottom end is in contact with the turntable. The turntable has multiple elongated sliding openings, and multiple movable rods are located in the corresponding elongated sliding openings. A limiting slide rod is fixedly installed in the elongated sliding opening. The limiting slide rod passes through the movable rod and is slidably connected to the movable rod. A third return spring is sleeved on the limiting slide rod. One end of the third return spring contacts the movable rod, and the other end contacts the inner wall of one side of the corresponding elongated sliding opening.

2. The steel structure bolt torque detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two rotatable levers are rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the internal threaded sleeve, and two magnets are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the horn tube. The two magnets are respectively attracted to the corresponding rotatable levers.

3. The steel structure bolt torque detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A square plug is fixedly installed on the fixing ring. A square slot is provided at the end of the handle away from the sleeve. The end of the square plug away from the fixing ring extends into the square slot. A quick-release piece is installed on the top of the square plug. The quick-release piece can fix the square plug in the square slot to prevent it from slipping out. The quick-release component includes an L-shaped fixing block, a plug rod, an end plate, and a retaining spring. The L-shaped fixing block is fixedly installed on the top of the square plug. The plug rod is slidably installed on the top of the L-shaped fixing block. The top of the square plug has a first circular insertion hole. The handle has a clearance circular hole. The bottom end of the plug rod passes through the clearance circular hole and extends into the first circular insertion hole. The end plate is fixedly installed on the top end of the plug rod. The retaining spring is sleeved on the plug rod. The top end of the retaining spring is fixedly connected to the end plate, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixing block.

4. The steel structure bolt torque detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding rod consists of a diamond abrasive layer and a core rod, with the diamond abrasive layer bonded and fixed to the outer wall of the core rod.

5. The steel structure bolt torque detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rotating rod is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the movable rod, and an mounting sleeve is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the rotating rod. The core rod is detachably and fixedly connected to the mounting sleeve. A worm gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating rod. Two fixed arms are fixedly mounted on the movable rod, and the same worm is rotatably mounted on the two fixed arms. The worm meshes with the worm gear.

6. The steel structure bolt torque detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An auxiliary support is also installed at the bottom of the end of the handle away from the sleeve, which is used to provide auxiliary support for the digital hand torque wrench to maintain its stability when cleaning the rust layer on the bolt head. The auxiliary support includes a Z-shaped rod, a sleeve, and a pad. The sleeve is threaded onto the Z-shaped rod, and the top end of the Z-shaped rod is detachably and fixedly connected to the handle. The pad is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sleeve.

7. The steel structure bolt torque detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A rubber pad is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pad plate.

8. A method for detecting the torque of steel structure bolts, characterized in that, The detection is performed using the steel structure bolt torque testing device as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: T1: Install the socket onto the drive head of the digital display hand torque wrench, ensuring a secure connection with no looseness; T2: Check the digital display handheld torque wrench to ensure that the digital display function is normal; T3: Align the sleeve with the bolt head, rotate the lever to move the internal threaded sleeve and the bell-shaped tube downwards until the clamping block fits against the bolt head face, making the sleeve and bolt coaxial; T4: Hold the handle and rotate the sleeve in the direction of bolt tightening. At the moment when the bolt overcomes the preload and begins to rotate in the direction of tightening, read the peak torque locked on the digital display. T5: Reverse rotation of the lever moves the horn upward, separating the clamp from the bolt head's edge. Then, grasp the handle to remove the sleeve from the bolt head, completing the inspection.

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