Sampling device and method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering detection
The problem of soil mixing and stone particle influence in the soil sampling device is solved by using the anti-stone interference push-type collection mechanism and the lifting collection assembly, thus achieving accurate sampling and detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510963225.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
AI Technical Summary
During the sampling process of existing soil sampling devices, soils at different depths are easily mixed, stone particles affect the detection accuracy, and it is difficult to maintain the original soil structure.
The system uses a push-type collection mechanism and a lifting collection assembly that prevents stone interference. Through the cooperation of the sampling shell and the filter screen, targeted sampling and screening are achieved to prevent stones from affecting the sampling effect, and backfill stones to maintain the soil structure.
It achieves accurate sampling of soil at different depths, avoids soil mixing and the influence of stone particles, improves detection accuracy, and maintains the original structure of the soil.
Smart Images
Figure CN120702793A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular relates to a sampling device and method for detecting water conservancy and hydropower projects. Background Art
[0002] Water conservancy and hydropower projects are designed to achieve flood control, irrigation, and water environment improvement through the construction of hydraulic structures and supporting systems to achieve the comprehensive development, utilization, and management of water resources. During water conservancy and hydropower projects, soil sampling and testing is necessary to facilitate personnel's understanding of the local soil environment and related geological parameters to ensure project safety.
[0003] The patent with announcement number CN218994778U discloses a soil sampler, including a base plate, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to a shell near the four corners. The utility model sets a limiting mechanism, and through the mutual cooperation of the first worm, the first worm gear, the second worm, the second worm gear, the first threaded rod, the first threaded rod, the first threaded sleeve, the limiting rod, the limiting block, the connecting plate and the limiting plug, the limiting plug fixed on the adjacent connecting plate can pass through the adjacent through-hole and be inserted into the ground through the connecting plate fixed on the adjacent first threaded sleeve, thereby improving the stability of the sampling operation of the device and also improving the sampling efficiency of the device. By setting an adjustment mechanism, through the mutual cooperation of the second threaded rod, the second threaded sleeve, the connecting block, the hinged rod and the hand-cranked wheel, the push plate can be moved downward under the action of the first slide groove and the first slider, which is convenient for sampling deeper soil and improves the use effect of the device.
[0004] However, the above technical solution still has the following deficiencies in practical application: Although the soil at different depths can be sampled by driving the circular tube up and down, the spiral blades move from top to bottom, so the soil at different depths will be mixed together. The mixed soil sample will not accurately reflect the true condition of each soil layer, affecting the subsequent test results. In addition, the sampled soil will also contain some stone particles, which will also affect the accuracy of the test. Moreover, after these stone particles are moved out with the soil, it is not conducive to maintaining the original structure of the soil at the sampling location, which is likely to have an adverse effect on the soil.
[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a sampling device and method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering detection. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In order to remedy the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems raised in the background art, the present invention proposes a sampling device and method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection.
[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection, comprising a base, a frame body fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end surface of the base, a lifting plate slidably connected to the inner side of the frame body, a rotating plate rotatably provided at the middle of the lower end surface of the lifting plate, a sampling tube fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating plate, a drill bit fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the sampling tube, and a rock-interference-proof push-type collection mechanism for collecting soil provided on the sampling tube; The anti-stone interference push-type collection mechanism includes a support plate fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower end surface of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube, the upper side of the support plate is slidably connected to two sliding rods 2, the front end of the sliding rod 2 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, the upper and lower sides of the front end surface of the fixing plate are fixedly connected to spring dampers, the piston end of the spring damper is fixedly connected to the mounting block, the upper and lower sides of the mounting block are respectively rotatably provided with sampling shell 1 and sampling shell 2, the front end surfaces of the sampling shell 1 and the sampling shell 2 are provided with a plurality of teeth on both sides, the inner side of the sampling shell 2 is slidably connected with a filter screen, the middle part of the inner cavity of the sampling shell 1 is fixedly connected to a bearing plate, and the middle part of the mounting block is slidably connected to anti-stuck blades; A plurality of universal wheels are provided on the lower end surface of the base, and a plurality of fastening nails are threadedly connected to the base.
[0008] Preferably, a motor 1 is fixedly connected to the left side of the upper end surface of the frame, a threaded rod 1 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 1, the upper end of the threaded rod 1 is rotatably set on the frame, the lower end of the threaded rod 1 is rotatably set on the base, and the threaded rod 1 is threadedly connected to the lifting plate.
[0009] Preferably, motor 2 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end surface of the lifting plate, the output end of motor 2 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, a connecting rod is rotatably provided in the middle of the upper end surface of the sampling cylinder, a baffle is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, the baffle is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the sampling cylinder, motor 7 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper side of the sampling cylinder, and the output end of motor 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod.
[0010] Preferably, an electric push rod 1 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rear end surface of the support plate, the piston end of the electric push rod 1 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the rear end surface of the fixed plate, and an electromagnetic vibrator is provided on the lower side of the rear end surface of the mounting block.
[0011] Preferably, an electric push rod 2 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear end face of the mounting block, and the piston end of the electric push rod 2 is fixedly connected to a hinge block. Connecting rods are rotatably provided on both sides of the lower end face of the hinge block, and one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to one end of the rear side of the anti-stuck blade.
[0012] Preferably, one end of the sampling shell 1 and the sampling shell 2 are fixedly connected to a gear, the gear is rotatably set on the mounting block, the two gears are engaged with each other, and one side of the right end face of the mounting block is fixedly connected to the motor 5, and the output end of the motor 5 is fixedly connected to the sampling shell 2.
[0013] Preferably, a threaded rod four is threadedly connected to one side of the filter screen, both ends of the threaded rod four are rotatably set on the sampling shell two, a motor six is fixedly connected to the middle of one side of the rear end face of the sampling shell two, and the output end of the motor six is fixedly connected to the rear end of the threaded rod four.
[0014] Preferably, threaded rods three are rotatably provided at both ends of the inner cavity of the sampling shell, the threaded rod three is threadedly connected to a displacement plate, a plurality of blades are fixedly connected to the front end face of the displacement plate, the blades are plugged and slidably connected to the supporting plate, the middle part of the rear end face of the sampling shell is fixedly connected to a shell, a motor four is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the shell, and the output end of the motor four is fixedly connected to the rear end of the threaded rod three.
[0015] Preferably, the sampling cylinder is further provided with a lifting and collecting assembly for transporting soil to the top of the sampling cylinder; The lifting and collecting assembly includes a blanking plate fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end surface of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube, a threaded rod 2 is rotatably provided on the left side of the upper end of the sampling tube, the lower end of the threaded rod 2 is rotatably provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sampling tube, the threaded rod 2 is threadedly connected to a collecting box, and a sliding rod 1 is slidably connected to the rear side of the collecting box, the upper end of the sliding rod 1 is fixedly connected to the sampling tube, the lower end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube, and the left side of the upper end surface of the sampling tube is fixedly connected to a motor 3, and the output end of the motor 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded rod 2.
[0016] A sampling method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering detection includes the following specific steps: S1. The base can be moved using universal wheels. When the base is moved to a suitable position, multiple fastening nails are manually rotated to insert them into the soil; S2. Align the drill bit with the position to be sampled, rotate the drill bit, and at the same time, lower the drill bit and pass through the through hole in the middle of the base to drill into the soil. When the drill bit descends to the depth required for sampling, rotate the baffle on the surface of the sampling tube until the cavity at the bottom of the sampling tube is exposed. Then drive the sampling shell 1 and the sampling shell 2 close to the soil until the teeth are inserted into the soil, extend the sampling shell 1 and the sampling shell 2 into the soil, and merge the sampling shell 1 and the sampling shell 2. Then drive the sampling shell 1 and the sampling shell 2 back to the inner cavity of the sampling tube, so as to achieve targeted sampling of soil at different depths. S3. When the sampling shells 1 and 2 are in contact with the soil, the anti-stuck blades on both sides are also inserted into the soil. When the sampling shells 1 and 2 are merged, the connecting rods on both sides are driven to rotate in different directions at the same time, so that the anti-stuck blades on both sides slide in different directions at the same time, thereby pushing the stone that prevents the sampling shells 1 and 2 from merging, so that the stone is pushed into the cavities of the sampling shells 1 and 2. S4. After the sampling shells 1 and 2 return to the inner cavity of the sampling tube, they are above the blanking plate, causing the sampling shells 1 and 2 to vibrate to screen the sampled soil. The soil falls through the filter holes of the filter screen onto the blanking plate and slides into the collection box, while the stones stay above the filter screen. When the soil falls into the collection box, the collection box is driven to move upward until it moves to the top of the sampling tube, and the sampled soil can be manually taken out; S5. During the screening process, the displacement plate and the blade can be driven to move to cut the soil and disperse it. The dispersed soil can pass through the filter. When only stones remain above the filter, the sampling shell 1 and the sampling shell 2 are driven close to the soil to separate them. The two are changed from flat to vertical, and the sampling shell 2 is closely attached to the soil. Then the filter is driven to move, and the stones are moved at the same time until the front side of the filter is attached to the soil. The stones can be squeezed into the soil, thereby achieving backfilling of the stones.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. A sampling device and method for detecting water conservancy and hydropower projects according to the present invention utilizes a push-type collecting mechanism to prevent stone interference. When the drill bit descends to an appropriate depth, the sampling shells 1 and 2 are driven to extend into the soil until the sampling shells 1 and 2 are merged. Then, the sampling shells 1 and 2 are driven back into the inner cavity of the sampling tube, so as to achieve targeted sampling of soils at different depths, thereby avoiding the mixing of soils at different depths, which causes the soil samples to be unable to accurately reflect the true conditions of each soil layer and affect the subsequent detection results. In addition, when the sampling shells 1 and 2 are merged, the connecting rods on both sides are driven to rotate in different directions at the same time, so that the anti-stuck blades on both sides slide in different directions at the same time, so as to push the stones at the edges of the sampling shells 1 and 2 and hinder the merging of the two, so that the stones are pushed into the cavities of the sampling shells 1 and 2, thereby ensuring the normal merging of the sampling shells 1 and 2, avoiding the inability of the two to merge normally due to stones being stuck between the two, and the soil being collected from the sampling shells 1 and 2. The outflow from the gap between the sampling shells ensures the sampling amount of soil; using the lifting collection component, the soil collected by the sampling shells one and two can be transferred to the top of the sampling tube, thereby realizing the rapid collection of the sampled soil, eliminating the process of removing the entire sampling tube from the soil, which is more convenient and more convenient for continuing to sample soil at different depths; and, the stone particles in the soil can be removed by screening, thereby avoiding the stone particles affecting the accuracy of subsequent test results, and the displacement plate and the blade can be moved during the screening process to cut the agglomerated soil and disperse it. The dispersed soil is easier to pass through the filter, further improving the screening effect and the amount of soil collected. When only stones remain above the filter, the sampling shells one and two are driven close to the soil, the sampling shell two is driven to be close to the soil, and then the filter is driven to move, and the filter is used to squeeze the stones into the soil, thereby realizing the backfill of the stones, which is beneficial to maintaining the original structure of the soil at the sampling position.
[0018] 2. The sampling device and method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection described in the present invention can move the base using universal wheels. When the base is moved to a suitable position, multiple fastening nails are manually rotated to insert them into the soil, thereby ensuring stability during the sampling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle part; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the collection box; Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of a local three-dimensional structure of the sampling shell; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the blade; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the support plate; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the anti-stuck edge; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the filter; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure at the baffle.
[0021] Figure: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 3. Fastening pin; 4. Motor 1; 5. Threaded rod 1; 6. Lifting plate; 7. Universal wheel; 8. Motor 2; 9. Rotating plate; 10. Sampling tube; 11. Drill bit; 12. Motor 3; 13. Threaded rod 2; 14. Sliding rod 1; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Support plate; 17. Sliding rod 2; 18. Electric push rod 1; 19. Fixed plate; 20. Collection box; 21. Sampling shell 1; 22. Sampling shell 2; 23. , anti-stuck blade; 24, blanking plate; 25, load-bearing plate; 26, blade; 27, teeth; 28, motor four; 29, displacement plate; 30, housing; 31, threaded rod three; 32, spring damper; 33, electromagnetic vibrator; 34, gear; 35, motor five; 36, mounting block; 37, filter; 38, hinge block; 39, connecting rod; 40, electric push rod two; 41, motor six; 42, threaded rod four; 43, baffle; 44, motor seven. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection, comprising a base 1, a frame 2 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end surface of the base 1, a lifting plate 6 is slidably connected to the inner side of the frame 2, a rotating plate 9 is rotatably provided at the middle of the lower end surface of the lifting plate 6, a sampling tube 10 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the rotating plate 9, a drill bit 11 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the sampling tube 10, and a push-type collection mechanism for collecting soil to prevent stone interference is provided on the sampling tube 10; The anti-stone interference push-type collection mechanism includes a support plate 16 fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower end surface of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube 10, and two slide rods 17 are slidably connected to the upper side of the support plate 16. The front end of the slide rod 17 is fixedly connected to a fixed plate 19, and the upper and lower sides of the front end surface of the fixed plate 19 are fixedly connected to spring dampers 32. The piston end of the spring damper 32 is fixedly connected to a mounting block 36. The upper and lower sides of the mounting block 36 are respectively rotatably provided with a sampling shell 1 21 and a sampling shell 2 22. Both sides of the front end surfaces of the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are provided with a plurality of teeth 27. A filter screen 37 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sampling shell 22. A bearing plate 25 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner cavity of the sampling shell 1 21, and anti-stuck blades 23 are slidably connected to both sides of the middle of the mounting block 36. A plurality of universal wheels 7 are provided on the lower end surface of the base 1 , and a plurality of fastening nails 3 are threadedly connected to the base 1 .
[0024] In this embodiment, Figures 1-10 As shown, a motor 4 is fixedly connected to the left side of the upper end surface of the frame 2, and a threaded rod 5 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 4. The upper end of the threaded rod 5 is rotatably set on the frame 2, and the lower end of the threaded rod 5 is rotatably set on the base 1. The threaded rod 5 is threadedly connected to the lifting plate 6.
[0025] A motor 2 8 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper end surface of the lifting plate 6, and the output end of the motor 2 8 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 9. A connecting rod 15 is rotatably provided at the middle part of the upper end surface of the sampling cylinder 10, and a baffle 43 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 15. The baffle 43 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 10. A motor 7 44 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper side of the sampling cylinder 10, and the output end of the motor 7 44 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 15.
[0026] An electric push rod 18 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rear end surface of the support plate 16, and the piston end of the electric push rod 18 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the rear end surface of the fixed plate 19. An electromagnetic vibrator 33 is provided on the lower side of the rear end surface of the mounting block 36.
[0027] An electric push rod 2 40 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear end surface of the mounting block 36, and a hinge block 38 is fixedly connected to the piston end of the electric push rod 2 40. Connecting rods 39 are rotatably provided on both sides of the lower end surface of the hinge block 38, and one end of the connecting rod 39 is rotatably connected to one end of the rear side of the anti-stuck blade 23.
[0028] One end of sampling shell 1 21 and sampling shell 2 22 are both fixedly connected to a gear 34, which is rotatably set on the mounting block 36. The two gears 34 are engaged with each other. One side of the right end face of the mounting block 36 is fixedly connected to a motor 5 35, and the output end of the motor 5 35 is fixedly connected to the sampling shell 2 22.
[0029] A threaded rod 42 is threadedly connected to one side of the filter screen 37, and both ends of the threaded rod 42 are rotatably set on the sampling shell 22. A motor 6 41 is fixedly connected to the middle of one side of the rear end surface of the sampling shell 22, and the output end of the motor 6 41 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the threaded rod 42.
[0030] Threaded rods 31 are rotatably provided at both ends of the inner cavity of the sampling shell 21, and the threaded rod 31 is threadedly connected to the displacement plate 29. A plurality of blades 26 are fixedly connected to the front end surface of the displacement plate 29, and the blades 26 are plugged into and slidably connected to the supporting plate 25. A shell 30 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear end surface of the sampling shell 21, and a motor 4 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the shell 30. The output end of the motor 28 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the threaded rod 31.
[0031] The sampling cylinder 10 is also provided with a lifting and collecting assembly for conveying soil to the top of the sampling cylinder 10; The lifting and collecting assembly includes a blanking plate 24 fixedly connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube 10, a threaded rod 2 13 is rotatably provided on the left side of the upper end of the sampling tube 10, the lower end of the threaded rod 2 13 is rotatably provided on the bottom of the inner cavity of the sampling tube 10, the threaded rod 2 13 is threadedly connected to the collecting box 20, and the rear side of the collecting box 20 is slidably connected to the sliding rod 14, the upper end of the sliding rod 14 is fixedly connected to the sampling tube 10, the lower end of the sliding rod 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube 10, the left side of the upper end surface of the sampling tube 10 is fixedly connected to the motor 3 12, and the output end of the motor 3 12 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded rod 2 13.
[0032] Specifically, when using the existing soil sampling device, the soil is sampled by inserting a circular tube and a spiral blade into the soil and rotating the two. Although the circular tube can be driven up and down to sample soil at different depths, since the spiral blade moves from top to bottom, soil at different depths will be mixed together. The mixed soil sample will not accurately reflect the true condition of each soil layer, affecting subsequent test results. In addition, the sampled soil may also contain some stone particles, which will also affect the accuracy of the test. Moreover, after these stone particles are removed with the soil, it is not conducive to maintaining the original structure of the soil at the sampling location, which is likely to have an adverse effect on the soil. Therefore, this embodiment is suitable for use with sandy and silty soils, which are relatively loose. The universal wheels 7 can be used to move the base 1. After the base 1 is moved to the appropriate position, the multiple fastening pins 3 are manually rotated to insert them into the soil, thereby ensuring stability during the sampling process. The drill bit 11 is aligned with the location to be sampled, and then the motor 1 4 and the motor 2 8 are started simultaneously. The motor 2 8 drives the rotating plate 9 and the sampling tube 10 to rotate, causing the drill bit 11 to rotate. At the same time, under the action of the rotation of the threaded rod 1 5, the drill bit 11 is lowered and passes through the through hole in the middle of the base 1 to drill into the soil. When the drill bit 11 descends to the depth required for sampling, the motor 7 44 is used to drive the connecting rod 15 to rotate 180 degrees, so that the baffle 43 rotates on the surface of the sampling tube 10 until the cavity at the bottom of the sampling tube 10 is exposed, and then the electric push rod 18 is used to drive the fixing plate 19 to move, so that the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are close to the soil until the teeth 27 are inserted into the soil, and then the motor 5 35 is used to drive the gear 34 on one side to rotate, so that the gears 34 on both sides can rotate in different directions at the same time, so that the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are extended into the soil until the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are merged, and then the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are driven back to the inner cavity of the sampling tube 10, so that targeted sampling of soil at different depths can be achieved, avoiding the situation where soil at different depths is mixed together, resulting in the soil sample being unable to accurately reflect the true condition of each soil layer, affecting the subsequent detection results; because the soil contains stones, when the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are merged, The stone is stuck between the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, which makes the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 unable to merge, and the soil flows out from the gap between the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, affecting the sampling amount of the soil. Therefore, when the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are attached to the soil, the anti-stuck blades 23 on both sides will also be inserted into the soil. When the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are merged, the electric push rod 2 40 starts and drives the hinge block 38 to move, so that the connecting rods on both sides The two sampling shells 39 rotate in different directions at the same time, so that the anti-stuck blades 23 on both sides slide in different directions at the same time to push the stone that prevents the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 from merging, so that the stone is pushed into the cavity of the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, thereby ensuring the normal merging of the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, avoiding the situation where the two cannot be normally merged due to the stone being stuck between the two, and the soil flows out from the gap between the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, thereby ensuring the sampling amount of the soil; When the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 return to the inner cavity of the sampling tube 10, the two are above the blanking plate 24, and then the electromagnetic vibrator 33 is turned on. Under the action of the spring damper 32, the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are vibrated to screen the sampled soil. The soil falls onto the blanking plate 24 through the filter holes of the filter screen 37 and slides into the collection box 20, while the stones will stay above the filter screen 37. When the soil falls into the collection box 20, the motor 3 12 can be turned on to drive the threaded rod 2 13 to rotate, so that the collection box 20 moves upward until it moves to the top of the sampling tube 10, and the sampled soil can be manually taken out, thereby achieving The rapid collection of sampled soil is achieved, eliminating the need to remove the entire sampling tube 10 from the soil, which is more convenient and makes it easier to continue sampling soil at different depths. Before collection, stone particles in the soil can be screened out, avoiding the situation where stone particles affect the detection accuracy. In addition, during the screening process, stone particles may be wrapped by agglomerated soil, thereby affecting the separation of soil and stone particles. Therefore, during the screening process, the motor 28 can be used to drive the threaded rod 31 to rotate, so that the displacement plate 29 and the blade 26 can be moved to cut the soil and disperse it. The dispersed soil can pass through the filter 37, further improving the screening effect. When only stones remain above the filter screen 37, the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are driven again to approach the soil, and then the two are separated so that they change from being flat to being vertical, and the sampling shell 2 22 is in close contact with the soil. Then, the motor 6 41 is used to drive the threaded rod 4 42 to rotate, so that the filter screen 37 moves, and at the same time, the stones are driven to move until the front side of the filter screen 37 is in contact with the soil. This can squeeze the stones into the soil, thereby achieving backfilling of the stones, which is beneficial to maintaining the original structure of the soil at the sampling location. After the sampling work is completed, the sampling tube 10 is driven out of the soil. Thus, by utilizing the anti-stone interference push-type collection mechanism, when the drill bit 11 is lowered to a suitable depth, the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are driven to extend into the soil until the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are merged, and then the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are driven back to the inner cavity of the sampling tube 10, so that targeted sampling of soil at different depths can be achieved, avoiding the situation where soil at different depths is mixed together, resulting in the soil sample being unable to accurately reflect the true condition of each soil layer and affecting the subsequent test results. In addition, when the sampling shell 1 When the first sampling shell 21 and the second sampling shell 22 are merged, the connecting rods 39 on both sides are driven to rotate in different directions at the same time, so that the anti-stuck blades 23 on both sides slide in different directions at the same time to push the stones at the edges of the first sampling shell 21 and the second sampling shell 22 and hinder the merging of the two, so that the stones are pushed into the cavities of the first sampling shell 21 and the second sampling shell 22, thereby ensuring the normal merging of the first sampling shell 21 and the second sampling shell 22, avoiding the problem that the two cannot be normally merged due to the stones being stuck between the two, and the soil is discharged from between the first sampling shell 21 and the second sampling shell 22. The soil collected by the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 can be transferred to the upper part of the sampling cylinder 10 by using the lifting collection component, thereby realizing the rapid collection of the sampled soil and eliminating the need to remove the entire sampling cylinder 10 from the soil. This is more convenient and more convenient for continuing to sample soil at different depths. In addition, the stone particles in the soil can be removed by screening, thereby avoiding the stone particles affecting the accuracy of subsequent test results, and in the screening process, the soil can be quickly collected. The displacement plate 29 and the blade 26 move to cut the agglomerated soil and disperse it. The dispersed soil is easier to pass through the filter 37, further improving the screening effect and the amount of soil collected. When only stones remain above the filter 37, the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are driven close to the soil, and the sampling shell 2 22 is driven to be close to the soil, and then the filter 37 is driven to move, and the filter 37 is used to squeeze the stones into the soil, thereby realizing the backfill of the stones, which is beneficial to maintain the original structure of the soil at the sampling position.
[0033] A sampling method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering detection includes the following specific steps: S1. The base 1 can be moved using the universal wheels 7. When the base 1 is moved to a suitable position, the multiple fastening nails 3 are manually rotated to insert them into the soil; S2. Align the drill bit 11 with the position to be sampled, rotate the drill bit 11, and at the same time, lower the drill bit 11 and pass through the through hole in the middle of the base 1 to drill into the soil. When the drill bit 11 descends to the depth required for sampling, rotate the baffle 43 on the surface of the sampling tube 10 until the cavity at the bottom of the sampling tube 10 is exposed, and then drive the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 close to the soil until the teeth 27 are inserted into the soil, so that the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 extend into the soil until the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 merge, and then drive the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 back to the inner cavity of the sampling tube 10, so as to achieve targeted sampling of soil at different depths; S3. When the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are in contact with the soil, the anti-stuck blades 23 on both sides are also inserted into the soil. When the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are merged, the connecting rods 39 on both sides are driven to rotate in different directions at the same time, so that the anti-stuck blades 23 on both sides slide in different directions at the same time, thereby pushing the stone that prevents the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 from merging, so that the stone is pushed into the cavity of the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22. S4. After the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 return to the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder 10, they are above the blanking plate 24, causing the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 to vibrate to screen the sampled soil. The soil falls through the filter holes of the filter screen 37 onto the blanking plate 24 and slides into the collection box 20, while the stones stay above the filter screen 37. When the soil falls into the collection box 20, the collection box 20 is driven to move upward until it moves to the top of the sampling cylinder 10, and the sampled soil can be manually taken out; S5. During the screening process, the displacement plate 29 and the blade 26 can be driven to move to cut the soil and disperse it. The dispersed soil can pass through the filter screen 37. When only stones remain above the filter screen 37, the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are driven close to the soil to separate them. The two are changed from flat to vertical, and the sampling shell 2 22 is in close contact with the soil. Then, the filter screen 37 is driven to move, and the stones are moved at the same time until the front side of the filter screen 37 is in contact with the soil. The stones can be squeezed into the soil, thereby achieving backfilling of the stones.
[0034] Working principle: The base 1 can be moved by the universal wheel 7. When the base 1 is moved to the appropriate position, the multiple fastening nails 3 are manually rotated to insert them into the soil, thereby ensuring stability during the sampling process and aligning the drill bit 11 with the position to be sampled. Then, the motor 1 4 and the motor 2 8 are started at the same time. The motor 2 8 drives the rotating plate 9 and the sampling tube 10 to rotate, so that the drill bit 11 rotates. At the same time, under the action of the rotation of the threaded rod 1 5, the drill bit 11 descends and passes through the through hole in the middle of the base 1 to drill into the soil; when the drill bit 11 descends to the depth required for sampling, the motor 7 44 is used to drive the connecting rod 15 to rotate. The baffle 43 rotates 180 degrees on the surface of the sampling tube 10 until the cavity at the bottom of the sampling tube 10 is exposed. Then, the electric push rod 18 drives the fixing plate 19 to move, so that the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are close to the soil until the teeth 27 are inserted into the soil. Then, the motor 5 35 drives the gear 34 on one side to rotate, so that the gears 34 on both sides rotate in different directions at the same time, so that the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 extend into the soil until the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 merge. Then, the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are driven back to the inner cavity of the sampling tube 10, so that the soil at different depths can be sampled. The sampling is carried out in a random manner to avoid mixing soils of different depths, which results in the soil samples being unable to accurately reflect the true conditions of each soil layer and affecting the subsequent test results. Since the soil contains stones, when the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are merged, the stones may be stuck between the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, which makes it impossible for the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 to be merged, and the soil flows out from the gap between the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, affecting the sampling amount of the soil. Therefore, when the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are attached to the soil, the anti-stuck blades 23 on both sides will also be inserted into the soil. When the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are merged, the electric push rod 2 40 is started and drives the hinge block 38 to move, so that the connecting rods 39 on both sides rotate in different directions at the same time, and the anti-stuck blades 23 on both sides slide in different directions at the same time, so as to push the stone that prevents the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 from merging, so that the stone is pushed into the cavity of the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, thereby ensuring the normal merging of the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, avoiding the situation where the two cannot be normally merged due to the stone being stuck between the two, and the soil flows out from the gap between the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22, thereby ensuring the sampling amount of the soil; When the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 return to the inner cavity of the sampling tube 10, the two are above the discharge plate 24, and then the electromagnetic vibrator 33 is turned on. Under the action of the spring damper 32, the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are vibrated to screen the sampled soil. The soil falls onto the discharge plate 24 through the filter holes of the filter screen 37 and slides into the collection box 20, while the stones stay above the filter screen 37. When the soil falls into the collection box 20, the motor 3 12 can be turned on to drive the threaded rod 2 13 to rotate, so that the collection box 20 moves upward until it moves to the top of the sampling tube 10, and the sampled soil can be manually taken out, thereby realizing the rapid collection of the sampled soil and eliminating the need to remove the entire sampling tube 10 from the soil. It is more convenient and more convenient to continue sampling soil at different depths. Before collection, the stone particles in the soil can be screened out to avoid the situation where the stone particles affect the detection accuracy. Moreover, during the screening process, the stone particles may be wrapped by the agglomerated soil, thereby affecting the separation of the soil and the stone particles. Therefore, during the screening process, the motor 4 28 can be used to drive the threaded rod 3 31 to rotate, so that the displacement plate 29 and the blade 26 move to cut the soil and disperse it. The dispersed soil can pass through the filter 37, further improving the screening effect. When only stones remain above the filter 37, the sampling shell 1 21 and the sampling shell 2 22 are driven again to approach the soil, and then the two are separated, so that the two are changed from flat to vertical, and the sampling shell 2 22 is in close contact with the soil. Then, the motor 6 41 is used to drive the threaded rod 4 42 to rotate, so that the filter 37 is moved, and the stones are driven to move at the same time until the front side of the filter 37 is in contact with the soil. The stones can be squeezed into the soil, thereby achieving backfilling of the stones, which is beneficial to maintaining the original structure of the soil at the sampling position. After the sampling work is completed, the sampling cylinder 10 is driven out of the soil.
[0035] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The middle portion of the upper end surface of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a frame (2), the inner side of the frame (2) is slidably connected to a lifting plate (6), the middle portion of the lower end surface of the lifting plate (6) is rotatably provided with a rotating plate (9), the lower end of the rotating plate (9) is fixedly connected to a sampling tube (10), the lower end surface of the sampling tube (10) is fixedly connected to a drill bit (11), and the sampling tube (10) is provided with a rock-interference-proof push-type collection mechanism for collecting soil; The anti-stone interference push-type collection mechanism includes a support plate (16) fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower end surface of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube (10), the upper side of the support plate (16) is slidably connected to two slide bars (17), the front end of the slide bar (17) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (19), the upper and lower sides of the front end surface of the fixed plate (19) are fixedly connected to spring dampers (32), the piston end of the spring damper (32) is fixedly connected to a mounting block (36), the upper and lower sides of the mounting block (36) are respectively rotatably provided with sampling shell 1 (21) and sampling shell 2 (22), the front ends of the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) are both provided with a plurality of teeth (27), the inner side of the sampling shell 2 (22) is slidably connected to a filter screen (37), the middle part of the inner cavity of the sampling shell 1 (21) is fixedly connected to a bearing plate (25), and the middle part of the mounting block (36) is slidably connected to anti-stuck blades (23); The lower end surface of the base (1) is provided with a plurality of universal wheels (7), and the base (1) is threadedly connected with a plurality of fastening nails (3).
2. A sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side of the upper end surface of the frame (2) is fixedly connected to a motor 1 (4), the output end of the motor 1 (4) is fixedly connected to a threaded rod 1 (5), the upper end of the threaded rod 1 (5) is rotatably set on the frame (2), the lower end of the threaded rod 1 (5) is rotatably set on the base (1), and the threaded rod 1 (5) is threadedly connected to the lifting plate (6).
3. A sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second motor (8) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end surface of the lifting plate (6), and the output end of the second motor (8) is fixedly connected to the rotating plate (9). A connecting rod (15) is rotatably provided at the middle of the upper end surface of the sampling cylinder (10), and a baffle (43) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod (15). The baffle (43) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the sampling cylinder (10). A seventh motor (44) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper side of the sampling cylinder (10), and the output end of the seventh motor (44) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (15).
4. The sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric push rod (18) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rear end surface of the support plate (16), and the piston end of the electric push rod (18) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the rear end surface of the fixed plate (19). An electromagnetic vibrator (33) is provided on the lower side of the rear end surface of the mounting block (36).
5. The sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the rear end face of the mounting block (36) is fixedly connected to an electric push rod 2 (40), and the piston end of the electric push rod 2 (40) is fixedly connected to a hinge block (38). Connecting rods (39) are rotatably provided on both sides of the lower end face of the hinge block (38), and one end of the connecting rod (39) is rotatably connected to one end of the rear side of the anti-stuck blade (23).
6. The sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of each of the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) is fixedly connected to a gear (34), and the gear (34) is rotatably arranged on the mounting block (36). The two gears (34) are meshed with each other. A motor 5 (35) is fixedly connected to one side of the right end face of the mounting block (36), and the output end of the motor 5 (35) is fixedly connected to the sampling shell 2 (22).
7. The sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the filter screen (37) is threadedly connected to a threaded rod four (42), both ends of the threaded rod four (42) are rotatably arranged on the sampling shell two (22), and a motor six (41) is fixedly connected to the middle part of one side of the rear end surface of the sampling shell two (22), and the output end of the motor six (41) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the threaded rod four (42).
8. The sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Threaded rods (31) are rotatably provided at both ends of the inner cavity of the sampling shell (21), and the threaded rod (31) is threadedly connected to a displacement plate (29). A plurality of blades (26) are fixedly connected to the front end surface of the displacement plate (29), and the blades (26) are plugged and slidably connected to the supporting plate (25). A shell (30) is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear end surface of the sampling shell (21), and a motor (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the shell (30), and the output end of the motor (28) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the threaded rod (31).
9. The sampling device for water conservancy and hydropower engineering inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling cylinder (10) is also provided with a lifting and collecting assembly for conveying soil to the top of the sampling cylinder (10); The lifting collection assembly includes a blanking plate (24) fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end surface of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube (10), a threaded rod 2 (13) is rotatably provided on the left side of the upper end of the sampling tube (10), the lower end of the threaded rod 2 (13) is rotatably provided on the bottom of the inner cavity of the sampling tube (10), the threaded rod 2 (13) is threadedly connected to a collection box (20), the rear side of the collection box (20) is slidably connected to a slide rod 1 (14), the upper end of the slide rod 1 (14) is fixedly connected to the sampling tube (10), the lower end of the slide rod 1 (14) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity wall of the sampling tube (10), the left side of the upper end surface of the sampling tube (10) is fixedly connected to a motor 3 (12), and the output end of the motor 3 (12) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded rod 2 (13).
10. A sampling method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering detection, characterized in that: Sampling using the sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following specific steps: S1. The base (1) can be moved using the universal wheel (7). When the base (1) is moved to a suitable position, the plurality of fastening nails (3) are manually rotated to be inserted into the soil; S2. Align the drill bit (11) with the position to be sampled, rotate the drill bit (11), and at the same time, lower the drill bit (11) and pass through the through hole in the middle of the base (1) to drill into the soil. When the drill bit (11) is lowered to the depth required for sampling, rotate the baffle (43) on the surface of the sampling tube (10) until the cavity at the bottom of the sampling tube (10) is exposed, and then drive the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) close to the soil until the teeth (27) are inserted into the soil, so that the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) are extended into the soil until the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) are merged, and then drive the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) back to the inner cavity of the sampling tube (10), so as to achieve targeted sampling of soil at different depths; S3. When the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) are attached to the soil, the anti-stuck blades (23) on both sides are also inserted into the soil. When the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) are merged, the connecting rods (39) on both sides are driven to rotate in different directions at the same time, so that the anti-stuck blades (23) on both sides slide in different directions at the same time to push the stone that prevents the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) from merging, so that the stone is pushed into the cavity of the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22); S4. After the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) return to the inner cavity of the sampling tube (10), the two are located above the blanking plate (24), causing the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) to vibrate to screen the sampled soil. The soil falls onto the blanking plate (24) through the filter holes of the filter screen (37) and slides into the collection box (20), while the stones stay above the filter screen (37). When the soil falls into the collection box (20), the collection box (20) is driven to move upward until it moves to the top of the sampling tube (10), and the sampled soil can be manually taken out; S5. During the screening process, the displacement plate (29) and the blade (26) can be driven to move to cut the soil and disperse it. The dispersed soil can pass through the filter (37). When only stones remain above the filter (37), the sampling shell 1 (21) and the sampling shell 2 (22) are driven to approach the soil to separate the two, so that the two are changed from flat to vertical, and the sampling shell 2 (22) is closely attached to the soil. Then, the filter (37) is driven to move, and the stones are driven to move at the same time until the front side of the filter (37) is attached to the soil, so that the stones can be squeezed into the soil, thereby achieving backfilling of the stones.