Orchard solid fertilizer multi-nutrient precise fertilizer preparation variable soil mixing hole application machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and provides an orchard solid fertilizer multi-nutrient precise fertilizer preparation variable soil mixing hole application machine. Comprising a rack, and a fertilizer preparation device, a fertilizer conveying device and a drilling device are arranged on the rack; wherein the drilling device is provided with three spiral drilling shafts capable of ascending and descending, and each spiral drilling shaft is sleeved with a mixing component capable of ascending and descending. The fruit tree fertilizing device has the beneficial effects that the drilling device with three spiral drilling shafts and a mixing component is adopted, drilling hole fertilization can be carried out along soil at three positions of the circumference of a fruit tree body at the same time, and efficient fertilization is achieved; through the structural arrangement of the mixing component and the reverse rotation of the spiral drilling shaft, the soil and the solid fertilizer are mixed while the soil and the solid fertilizer are backfilled, the soil-fertilizer mixing uniformity of the soil and the solid fertilizer is improved, and the smoothness of the orchard ground is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural machinery technical field, concretely relates to a orchard solid fertilizer multi-nutrient precision fertilizer mixing variable mixed soil hole applying machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of modern orchard planting scale, the demand of precision fertilization is increasing, and the pear tree topdressing and other fertilization problems become a big problem. The pear tree topdressing generally selects nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer or compound fertilizer and other solid fertilizers, and the time of topdressing is about March to June every year, and the depth of application needs to reach about 20cm. In production, the application of chemical fertilizer in China usually adopts the extensive manual scattering, and the labor intensity is big, and the orchard mechanization level is low. The existing fertilizer distributor mostly adopts the way of over-fertilization, cannot accurately supply the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and compound fertilizer and other solid fertilizers for each fruit tree, and the existing mechanical fertilization mode has the problem of low uniformity of soil and fertilizer mixing.

[0003] In view of this, the utility model is provided. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a orchard solid fertilizer multi-nutrient precision fertilizer mixing variable mixed soil hole applying machine to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of a orchard solid fertilizer multi-nutrient precision fertilizer mixing variable mixed soil hole applying machine, comprising: a rack, a fertilizer mixing device, a fertilizer conveying device and a drilling device are arranged on the rack;

[0006] Among them, the drilling device is provided with three liftable spiral drilling shafts, a liftable mixing cylinder in each mixing part is sleeved on each spiral drilling shaft, and the spiral drilling shaft is concentric with the mixing cylinder.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the drilling device includes a lifting fixing frame, the lifting fixing frame is fixed on the rack, a lifting hydraulic drive assembly is arranged on the rack, a driving sprocket is fixed to the output end of the lifting hydraulic drive assembly, and the driving sprocket is connected with a driven sprocket installed on the lifting fixing frame through a chain.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the chain is fixedly connected with a rotary fixing frame; a guide rail is fixedly arranged on the lifting fixing frame, and the guide rail cooperates with a sliding block fixed on the rotary fixing frame;

[0009] A tensioning bolt for adjusting the up-down position of the driven sprocket is further arranged on the lifting fixing frame.

[0010] Optionally, three said spiral drilling shafts are respectively through a tapered roller bearing installed on the rotating fixed frame, the upper end of each said spiral drilling shaft is installed with a synchronous pulley, the middle said synchronous pulley is connected with left and right said synchronous pulleys through two synchronous belts respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the middle said spiral drilling shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of a rotating hydraulic drive assembly fixed on the rotating fixed frame.

[0012] The inner side of each said synchronous belt is respectively matched with a tension pulley.

[0013] Optionally, the mixed fixed frame is fixed with a plurality of guide rods, each said guide rod is through a linear bearing installed on the rotating fixed frame.

[0014] The extending end of the electric push rod is connected with the mixed fixed frame through a pin shaft, the other end of the electric push rod is connected with an electric push rod fixed pin shaft installed on the lifting fixed frame.

[0015] Optionally, the spiral fertilizer distributor in the fertilizer device is fixed through a fertilizer tank with the rack, a rotary motor drive assembly is fixed on the lower part of the shell, a multi-head fertilizer discharge spiral is connected with the output end of the rotary motor drive assembly, an end cover is fixed on the upper part of the shell, a bearing with seat is fixed on the end cover, the other end of the multi-head fertilizer discharge spiral is connected with the bearing with seat.

[0016] Optionally, the spiral fertilizer distributor comprises three said fertilizer tanks, each said fertilizer tank is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe.

[0017] The fertilizer discharge pipe is connected with a fertilizer inlet of a four-way mixing pipe through a hose, a rudder is installed on the fertilizer outlet of the four-way mixing pipe, and a swing pipe is fixed on the rudder arm.

[0018] Optionally, the flow divider in the fertilizer conveying device is fixed on the rack, a fan is fixed on the rack, the air outlet of the fan is connected with the air inlet of the flow divider through a hose, the flow divider is connected with the air inlet of a three-way mixing pipe through a hose, three funnels are respectively connected with a fertilizer inlet of the three-way mixing pipe, and a fertilizer conveying pipe is connected with the fertilizer and air mixed outlet of the three-way mixing pipe through a hose.

[0019] Optionally, the fertilizer applying machine further comprises a control assembly, a track chassis and a hydraulic station.

[0020] The fertilizer applying machine has the advantages that:

[0021] (1) The utility model discloses a fertilizer distribution device that is formed by the parallel connection of three spiral fertilizer distributors with multi-head spiral fertilizer discharge screws, which can accurately supply solid fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and compound fertilizer to each fruit tree, realizing "one tree, one prescription".

[0022] (2) The utility model discloses a drilling device with three spiral drilling shafts and a mixing component, which can simultaneously drill holes in the soil at three positions of the circumference of the fruit tree trunk and apply fertilizer, realizing efficient fertilization; through the structure of the mixing component and the reverse rotation of the spiral drilling shaft, the soil and the solid fertilizer are mixed while backfilling the soil and applying the solid fertilizer, improving the uniformity of the soil and the solid fertilizer and ensuring the flatness of the orchard ground. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the orchard solid fertilizer multi-nutrient accurate fertilizer distribution variable soil mixing hole applying machine provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the drilling device provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the lifting component provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of the rotating component provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 5 It is an assembly structure sectional view of the tapered roller bearing provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 6 It is an assembly structure sectional view of the linear bearing provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic view of the mixing component provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a structure schematic view of the fertilizer distribution device provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0032] Figure 9 The structural schematic view of the spiral fertilizer discharging device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 10 The structural sectional view of the spiral fertilizer discharging device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 11 The structural schematic view of the fertilizer conveying device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Wherein, the reference signs are: 1-hydraulic station; 2-control assembly; 3-drilling device; 4-fertilizer conveying device; 5-track chassis; 6-frame; 7-fertilizer mixing device; 8-lifting component; 9-mixing component; 10-rotating component; 11-driven sprocket; 12-chain; 13-lifting fixed frame; 14-driving sprocket; 15-lifting hydraulic drive assembly; 16-electric push rod fixed pin shaft; 17-tensioning bolt; 18-guide rail; 19-sliding block; 20-rotating fixed frame; 21-synchronous belt; 22-synchronous pulley; 23-spiral drilling shaft; 24-rotating hydraulic drive assembly; 25-tensioning pulley; 26-cone roller bearing; 27-linear bearing; 28-electric push rod; 29-mixing fixed frame; 30-mixing cylinder; 31-guide rod; 32-spiral fertilizer discharging device; 33-oscillating pipe; 34-rudder; 35-four-way mixing pipe; 36-fertilizer box; 37-rotating motor drive assembly; 38-housing; 39-fertilizer discharging pipe; 40-end cover; 41-bear with seat; 42-multi-head fertilizer discharging spiral; 43-fertilizer conveying pipe; 44-three-way mixing pipe; 45-fan; 46-flow divider; 47-hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application more clearly understood, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0037] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another component, it can be directly or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or position shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the technical solutions. The terms "first", "second" are only for the convenience of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "multiple" is two or more, and the meaning of "several" is any number including one, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] Please refer to the accompanying Figures 1-11 The purpose of the embodiment is to provide a fruit orchard solid fertilizer multi-nutrient precise fertilizer mixing and soil hole application machine, wherein the crawler chassis 5 can independently travel to the fertilizer application point, has a communication function with the control assembly 2 to realize fertilizer application after reaching the position and continue traveling after the fertilizer application is completed. The control assembly 2 is fixed on the crawler chassis 5 and can control the hydraulic station 1, the lifting hydraulic drive assembly 15, the rotary hydraulic drive assembly 24, the rotary motor drive assembly 37, the electric push rod 28, and the rudder 34 to act, and complete the fertilizer mixing, drilling, fertilizer feeding, mixing, and backfilling operations.

[0039] Specifically, the lifting fixed frame 13 is fixed on the rack 6 by bolts, the lifting hydraulic drive assembly 15 is fixed at the lower part of the lifting fixed frame 13 by bolts, and the output end is fixed with a driving sprocket 14. The driven sprocket 11 is installed on the upper part of the lifting fixed frame 13, and the up-and-down position of the driven sprocket 14 can be adjusted through the tensioning bolt 17. The chain 12 is installed on the driving sprocket 14 and the driven sprocket 11. The guide rail 18 is fixed on the lifting fixed frame 13 by bolts, the sliding block 19 matched with the guide rail 18 is fixed on the rotary fixed frame 20, and the upper part of the chain 12 is fixed with the rotary fixed frame 20. The lifting hydraulic drive assembly 15 drives the chain to move, thereby realizing the lifting of the rotary fixed frame 20 along the guide rail 18.

[0040] Further, the three spiral drilling shafts 23 respectively pass through a tapered roller bearing 26 installed on the rotary fixed frame 20, and the upper end of each spiral drilling shaft 23 is installed with a synchronous pulley 22. The middle synchronous pulley 22 is connected with the left and right two synchronous pulleys 22 through two synchronous belts 21. The middle spiral drilling shaft 23 is in transmission connection with the output end of the rotary hydraulic drive assembly 24 fixed on the rotary fixed frame 20; and the inner side of each synchronous belt 21 is respectively matched with a tensioning pulley 25. Thus, the rotary hydraulic drive assembly 24 drives the three spiral drilling shafts 23 to rotate.

[0041] In the embodiment, the mixed fixed frame 29 is welded with the guide rod 31, passes through the linear bearing 27 in the interference fit on the rotating fixed frame 20, and each mixed cylinder 30 is concentric with the screw hole shaft 23 sleeved therewith. The extension end of the electric push rod 28 is connected with the mixed fixed frame 29 through a pin shaft, and the other end is connected with the electric push rod fixed pin shaft 16 welded on the lifting fixed frame 13, so that the lifting of the mixed fixed frame 29 is realized.

[0042] In addition, the spiral fertilizer distributor 32 is welded with the rack through the outward extension plate of the fertilizer box 36, the rotating motor driving assembly 37 is bolted to the lower part of the shell 38, the output end is fixed with the multi-head fertilizer distribution screw 42, the end cover 40 is bolted to the upper part of the shell 38, the bearing with seat 41 is bolted to the end cover 40, the other end of the multi-head fertilizer distribution screw 42 passes through the bearing with seat 41 and is limited thereby, so that the rotating motor driving assembly 37 drives the multi-head fertilizer distribution screw 42 to rotate.

[0043] In the embodiment, the fertilizer discharge pipe 39 is connected with the fertilizer inlet of the four-way mixing pipe 35 through a hose, the fertilizer outlet of the four-way mixing pipe 35 is fixed with the steering wheel 34, and the swing pipe 33 is bolted to the swing arm of the steering wheel 34.

[0044] In addition, the flow divider 46 is welded on the rack 6, and the fan is bolted on the rack 6. The air outlet of the fan 45 is connected with the air inlet of the flow divider 46 through a hose, the flow divider 46 is connected with the air inlet of the three-way mixing pipe 44 through a hose, the hopper 47 is connected with the fertilizer inlet of the three-way mixing pipe 44, and the fertilizer conveying pipe 43 is connected with the fertilizer-air mixing outlet of the three-way mixing pipe 44 through a hose.

[0045] The use process of the utility model is as follows:

[0046] S1: before operation, the fertilization prescription is downloaded from the Internet of Things platform, the automatic driving crawler chassis 5 travels to the first fertilization point according to the planned path, and sends the operation instruction to the control assembly 2;

[0047] S2: the control assembly 2 reads the prescription of the fruit tree to be fertilized, controls the rotating motor driving assembly 37 and the steering wheel 34 to act, rotates the multi-head fertilizer distribution screw 42 to supply the corresponding amount of solid fertilizer into the four-way mixing pipe, and drives the swing pipe 33 to circularly move through the swing arm of the steering wheel 34, so that the corresponding amount of solid fertilizer falls into the three three-way mixing pipes 44 respectively;

[0048] S3: when the unit reaches the specified position, the control assembly 2 controls the lifting hydraulic driving assembly 15, the rotating hydraulic driving assembly 24 and the electric push rod 28 to act, the screw hole shaft 23 rotates and descends, and the electric push rod 28 is controlled to act, so that the mixed fixed frame 29 synchronously descends;

[0049] S4: The electric push rod 28 extends to a fixed stroke, the bottom of the mixing cylinder 30 contacts the ground, and the fixed position is maintained;

[0050] S5: The auger shaft 23 continues to rotate and descend, and a part of the soil is rotated and lifted into the mixing cylinder 30;

[0051] S6: When the auger shaft 23 rotates and descends to 20 cm below the soil surface, the control assembly 2 controls the lifting hydraulic drive assembly 15, the rotating hydraulic drive assembly 24, the electric push rod 28, and the fan 45 to act, the solid fertilizer is winded along the fertilizer conveying pipe 43 to the lifted soil, and the auger shaft 23 is reversed to ascend, and the mixture of the soil and the solid fertilizer is backfilled to the original hole position.

[0052] S7: After the soil and the solid fertilizer are completely backfilled to the original hole position, the electric push rod 28 is controlled to act, the mixing fixed frame 29 is synchronously lifted to the original position, and one fertilization operation is completed.

[0053] S8: If the obstacle cannot continue to descend, the components are reset, the automatic driving tracked chassis 5 moves to avoid the obstacle, continues to drill, the control assembly 2 drives the lifting hydraulic drive assembly 15, the rotating hydraulic drive assembly 24, and the electric push rod 28 to reverse action, the auger shaft 23 and the mixing fixed frame 29 are reset, a completion instruction is sent to the automatic driving tracked chassis 5, and the automatic driving tracked chassis 5 moves to the next fertilization point for operation.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection range of the utility model.

Claims

1. A precision orchard solid fertilizer multi-nutrient variable fertilizer mixing and soil hole applying machine, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of fertilizer mixing machine, including: Rack (6), fertilizer preparation device (7), fertilizer conveying device (4) and drilling device (3) are provided on the rack (6); Wherein, the drilling device (3) is provided with three liftable spiral drilling shafts (23), each liftable mixing cylinder (30) in the mixing component (9) is sleeved on each spiral drilling shaft (23), and the spiral drilling shaft (23) is concentric with the mixing cylinder (30).

2. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilization variable soil mixing hole applying machine of claim 1, wherein, The drilling device (3) includes a lifting fixture (13) fixed to the rack (6), and a lifting hydraulic drive assembly (15) is provided on the rack (6), a driving sprocket (14) is fixed to the output end of the lifting hydraulic drive assembly (15), and the driving sprocket (14) is connected to a driven sprocket (11) mounted on the lifting fixture (13) through a chain (12).

3. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilizer variable mixing soil hole applying machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The chain (12) is fixedly connected with a rotary fixture (20); a guide rail (18) is fixedly arranged on the lifting fixture (13), and the guide rail (18) cooperates with a sliding block fixed to the rotary fixture (20); The lifting fixture (13) is further provided with a tensioning bolt (17) for adjusting the up-down position of the driven sprocket (11).

4. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilizer variable mixing soil hole applying machine of claim 1, wherein, The three spiral drilling shafts (23) pass through a tapered roller bearing (26) mounted on the rotary fixture (20), and a synchronous pulley (22) is mounted at the upper end of each spiral drilling shaft (23); the middle synchronous pulley (22) is connected to the left and right synchronous pulleys (22) through two synchronous belts (21).

5. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilizer variable mixing soil hole applying machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The middle spiral drilling shaft (23) is in transmission connection with the output end of a rotary hydraulic drive assembly (24) fixed to the rotary fixture (20). A tensioning pulley (25) is mounted on the inner side of each synchronous belt (21).

6. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilizer variable mixing soil hole applying machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A mixing fixture (29) is fixed with a plurality of guide rods (31), and each guide rod (31) passes through a linear bearing (27) mounted on the rotary fixture (20); The extending end of an electric push rod (28) is connected to the mixing fixture (29) through a pin shaft, and the other end of the electric push rod (28) is connected to an electric push rod fixing pin shaft (16) mounted on the lifting fixture (13).

7. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilization variable soil mixing hole applying machine of claim 1, wherein, The spiral fertilizer discharger (32) in the fertilizer preparation device (7) is fixed to the rack (6) through a fertilizer box (36), a rotary motor drive assembly (37) is fixed to the lower part of a housing (38), a multi-head fertilizer discharging screw (42) is connected to the output end of the rotary motor drive assembly (37), an end cover (40) is fixed to the upper part of the housing (38), a bearing with seat (41) is fixed to the end cover (40), and the other end of the multi-head fertilizer discharging screw (42) is connected to the bearing with seat (41).

8. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilization variable soil mixing hole applying machine of claim 7, characterized in that, The spiral fertilizer discharger (32) includes three fertilizer boxes (36), and each fertilizer box (36) is provided with a fertilizer discharging pipe (39); The fertilizer discharge pipe (39) is connected with a fertilizer inlet of the four-way mixing pipe (35) through a hose, a fertilizer outlet of the four-way mixing pipe (35) is provided with a steering engine (34), and the swing pipe (33) is fixed on a rocker arm of the steering engine (34).

9. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilizer variable mixing soil hole applying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shunt (46) in the fertilizer conveying device (4) is fixed on the frame (6), the fan (45) is fixed on the frame (6), an air outlet of the fan (45) is connected with an air inlet of the shunt (46) through a hose, the shunt (46) is connected with air inlets of three-way mixing pipes (44) through a hose, three funnels (47) are respectively connected with fertilizer inlets of the three-way mixing pipes (44), and fertilizer conveying pipes (43) are connected with fertilizer and air mixed outlets of the three-way mixing pipes (44) through a hose.

10. The orchard solid manure multi-nutrient precision fertilizer variable mixing soil hole applying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machine also comprises a control assembly (2), a tracked chassis (5) and a hydraulic station (1).

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