Atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling device suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gas and related trace components and sampling method of atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling device

Abstract

The invention discloses an atmosphere stratified discrete automatic sampling device and a sampling method thereof, which are suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components, and the device comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a miniature lithium battery, a time controller, a miniature vacuum pump, an atmosphere sampling bag and a drying pipe, the micro lithium battery, the time controller and the micro vacuum pump are all mounted in a pod, and the pod is fixedly arranged at the abdomen of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the micro vacuum pump is connected with the atmosphere sampling bag through a gas pipeline, the time controller is connected with the micro vacuum pump through an electric wire, and a drying pipe is mounted on the gas pipeline; the drying pipe is used for removing water vapor in the atmosphere collection process; the pod is used for integrating and fixing all functional assemblies. The device is suitable for discrete automatic collection of boundary layer atmosphere greenhouse gas samples with different heights under different geographical environment conditions, has strong function expansibility, and can carry meteorological and other optical probes to carry out continuous observation of boundary layer atmosphere physical and chemical parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and in particular relates to an atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling device and a sampling method thereof suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components. Background Art

[0002] The continued rise in greenhouse gas mixing ratios has led to a series of climate and environmental issues, including global warming, sea level rise, and ocean acidification, attracting widespread global attention. Since the 1950s, numerous researchers at home and abroad have conducted extensive observational studies on the mixing ratios of greenhouse gases, including atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). The latest World Meteorological Organization (WMO / GAW) Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) Greenhouse Gas Bulletin shows that the annual average mixing ratios of CO2 and CH4 in the global atmosphere reached new highs in 2023, reaching 420 ppm and 1934 ppb, respectively. These levels are 151% and 265% of the pre-industrial levels (before 1750). Greenhouse gas observation methods include continuous observations at fixed points, mobile observations, tower observations, aircraft surveys, and satellite remote sensing. Influenced by anthropogenic emissions and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations exhibit a distinct vertical gradient and are directly regulated by the boundary layer. Therefore, in order to explore the distribution characteristics of atmospheric greenhouse gases and analyze the impact mechanism of anthropogenic emissions, especially urban anthropogenic activities, on the spatiotemporal distribution of greenhouse gases in the atmospheric boundary layer, it is urgent to strengthen the observation and research on the vertical distribution of greenhouse gases in the atmospheric boundary layer.

[0003] Currently, existing methods for observing the vertical distribution of atmospheric greenhouse gases include ground-based optical column concentration observations, satellite remote sensing observations, and long-tube sampling observations. High-rise tower observations, typically at heights of tens of meters, are insufficient to cover the entire boundary layer. Satellite remote sensing and ground-based column concentrations focus more on total atmospheric column content and are unable to effectively distinguish and isolate the vertical distribution characteristics of atmospheric greenhouse gases within the boundary layer. Long-tube sampling observations, while capable of collecting atmospheric greenhouse gas profiles from the surface to an altitude of 30 km, are relatively ineffective for sampling greenhouse gases in the atmospheric boundary layer and require discrete sampling for verification and calibration.

[0004] Therefore, the above method is more suitable for measuring the total column of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, or the distribution of greenhouse gas profiles in the atmosphere from the surface to an altitude of 30 km. It cannot effectively distinguish or accurately obtain the vertical distribution of greenhouse gases in the boundary layer, which is closely related to human activities and surface ecosystems. Existing technologies also have limitations, such as high equipment cost and bulk, which makes transportation and flexible sampling and observation difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling device and a sampling method suitable for the observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components, so as to solve the problem of automated collection of discrete samples of atmospheric greenhouse gases at different heights in the boundary layer and ensure the temporal and spatial representativeness of the samples.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention relates to an atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling device suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), characterized in that it also includes a micro lithium battery, a time controller, a micro vacuum pump, an atmospheric sampling bag, and a drying tube. The micro lithium battery, time controller, and micro vacuum pump are all installed in a pod fixed to the belly of the UAV; the micro vacuum pump is connected to the atmospheric sampling bag via an air line, the time controller is connected to the micro vacuum pump via an electric wire, and a drying tube is installed on the air line; wherein:

[0008] The drone, through human remote control, can fly and hover at a preset altitude within the boundary layer, providing a powered sampling platform for collecting atmospheric samples at different altitudes;

[0009] The time controller can realize the DC power supply and power-off function by manually setting the on and off time;

[0010] Miniature vacuum pumps are used to draw atmospheric samples from different heights into atmospheric sampling bags;

[0011] Miniature lithium battery, used to provide DC power for the miniature vacuum pump;

[0012] Atmospheric sampling bags, used to hold atmospheric samples collected at different heights by a micro vacuum pump;

[0013] Drying tube, used to remove water vapor from the atmospheric sample entering the atmospheric sampling bag.

[0014] Furthermore, the pod is a mesh structure made of lightweight aluminum alloy, which is used to integrate and fix various functional components.

[0015] Furthermore, the drying tube is a borosilicate glass tube filled with a desiccant.

[0016] Furthermore, the desiccant is magnesium perchlorate, calcium chloride or silica gel.

[0017] The second aspect of the present invention relates to an atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling method suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components, characterized in that the sampling method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. During on-site sampling, first connect and fix the micro vacuum pump and the atmospheric sampling bag through the gas pipeline;

[0019] S2. Estimate and set the preset start time of the time controller according to the preset sampling height;

[0020] S3. Control the drone to take off to the preset sampling height. The time controller automatically starts the switch at the preset time, and the micro vacuum pump is powered on to start collecting atmospheric samples.

[0021] S4, after the time controller automatically turns off the switch according to the preset time, the sampling is completed;

[0022] S5. Manually control the drone to return to the ground, close the valve of the atmospheric sampling bag, and complete the collection of vertical discrete greenhouse gas samples in the atmosphere.

[0023] The technical concept of this invention is to combine the UAV platform and related functional devices to give full play to the advantages of low-altitude operation and convenient sampling in the boundary layer, so as to realize the vertical discrete, efficient and automated collection of atmospheric greenhouse gas samples in the boundary layer (about 1000 meters from the surface).

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0025] 1. The present invention is suitable for discrete automated collection of atmospheric greenhouse gas samples at different altitudes in the boundary layer under different geographical conditions. It has strong functional scalability and can be equipped with meteorological and other optical probes to carry out continuous observation of atmospheric physical and chemical parameters in the boundary layer.

[0026] 2. This invention upgrades the technology of the original atmospheric sampler, organically combining functional devices such as drones, time controllers, miniature vacuum pumps, and miniature lithium batteries to achieve efficient and automated collection of discrete atmospheric samples at different altitudes within the boundary layer. It can be flexibly applied and functionally expanded according to actual conditions, effectively improving the sampling and observation capabilities of the vertical distribution of atmospheric greenhouse gases and other components within the boundary layer.

[0027] 3. The present invention can realize the automated discrete quantitative collection of atmospheric samples within the boundary layer (about 1000 meters altitude range). It is easy to operate, efficient and low-cost, with a high degree of automation. It is suitable for vertical discrete sampling observation of atmospheric greenhouse gases and related components in the boundary layer where the atmospheric dynamic environment is relatively stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following describes the specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides an atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling device suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a micro lithium battery 2, a time controller 3, a micro vacuum pump 4, an atmospheric sampling bag 5, and a drying tube 6. The micro lithium battery 2, the time controller 3, and the micro vacuum pump 4 are all installed in a pod 7, which is fixed to the abdomen of the UAV 1. The micro vacuum pump 4 is connected to the atmospheric sampling bag 5 via an air line, and the time controller is connected to the micro vacuum pump via an electric wire. The drying tube 6 is installed on the air line.

[0034] The drone, through human remote control, can fly and hover at a preset altitude within the boundary layer, providing a powered sampling platform for collecting atmospheric samples at different altitudes;

[0035] The time controller can realize the DC power supply and power-off function by manually setting the on and off time;

[0036] Miniature vacuum pumps are used to draw atmospheric samples from different heights into atmospheric sampling bags;

[0037] Miniature lithium battery, used to provide DC power for the miniature vacuum pump;

[0038] Atmospheric sampling bags, used to hold atmospheric samples collected at different heights by a micro vacuum pump;

[0039] Drying tube, used to remove water vapor from the atmospheric sample entering the atmospheric sampling bag.

[0040] Furthermore, the pod 7 is a mesh structure made of lightweight aluminum alloy.

[0041] Furthermore, the drying tube 6 is a borosilicate glass tube filled with a desiccant.

[0042] Furthermore, the desiccant is magnesium perchlorate, calcium chloride or silica gel.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The present invention provides an atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling method suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components, the sampling method comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. During on-site sampling, first connect and fix the micro vacuum pump and the atmospheric sampling bag through the gas pipeline;

[0046] S2. Estimate and set the preset start time of the time controller according to the preset sampling height;

[0047] S3. Control the drone to take off to the preset sampling height. The time controller automatically starts the switch at the preset time, and the micro vacuum pump is powered on to start collecting atmospheric samples.

[0048] S4, after the time controller automatically turns off the switch according to the preset time, the sampling is completed;

[0049] S5. Manually control the drone to return to the ground, close the valve of the atmospheric sampling bag, and complete the collection of vertical discrete greenhouse gas samples in the atmosphere.

[0050] The present invention combines the use of UAV platforms and related functional devices to give full play to the advantages of low-altitude operation and convenient sampling in the boundary layer, and can realize the vertical discrete, efficient and automated collection of atmospheric greenhouse gas samples in the boundary layer (about 1000 meters from the surface).

[0051] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling device suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components, comprising a drone (1), characterized in that: It also includes a micro lithium battery (2), a time controller (3), a micro vacuum pump (4), an atmospheric sampling bag (5) and a drying tube (6), wherein the micro lithium battery (2), the time controller (3) and the micro vacuum pump (4) are all installed in a pod (7), and the pod (7) is fixed on the belly of the UAV (1); the micro vacuum pump (4) is connected to the atmospheric sampling bag (5) through an air line, the time controller is connected to the micro vacuum pump through an electric wire, and a drying tube (6) is installed on the air line; wherein: The drone, through human remote control, can fly and hover at a preset altitude within the boundary layer, providing a powered sampling platform for collecting atmospheric samples at different altitudes; The time controller can realize the DC power supply and power-off function by manually setting the on and off time; Miniature vacuum pumps are used to draw atmospheric samples from different heights into atmospheric sampling bags; Miniature lithium battery, used to provide DC power for the miniature vacuum pump; Atmospheric sampling bags, used to hold atmospheric samples collected at different heights by a micro vacuum pump; Drying tube, used to remove water vapor from the atmospheric sample entering the atmospheric sampling bag.

2. The atmospheric stratification discrete automatic sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pod (7) is a mesh structure made of lightweight aluminum alloy.

3. The atmospheric stratification discrete automatic sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying tube (6) is a borosilicate glass tube filled with a desiccant.

4. The atmospheric stratification discrete automatic sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desiccant is magnesium perchlorate, calcium chloride or silica gel.

5. An atmospheric stratified discrete automatic sampling method suitable for observation and research of greenhouse gases and related trace components, characterized in that: The sampling method comprises the following steps: S1. During on-site sampling, first connect and fix the micro vacuum pump and the atmospheric sampling bag through the gas pipeline; S2. Estimate and set the preset start time of the time controller according to the preset sampling height; S3. Control the drone to take off to the preset sampling height. The time controller automatically starts the switch at the preset time, and the micro vacuum pump is powered on to start collecting atmospheric samples. S4, after the time controller automatically turns off the switch according to the preset time, the sampling is completed; S5. Manually control the drone to return to the ground, close the valve of the atmospheric sampling bag, and complete the collection of vertical discrete greenhouse gas samples in the atmosphere.

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