Wide-beam millimeter wave radar

Abstract

The invention discloses a wide-beam bo-meter wave radar, which comprises a feed network, a radar chip and eight antenna units, and is characterized in that each antenna unit comprises a one-to-two power divider, two offset waveguides and n radiation ports, n is an even number greater than or equal to 4, the n radiation ports are averagely divided into two groups of radiation ports which are in one-to-one correspondence with the two offset waveguides, the one-to-two power divider equally divides an electromagnetic wave signal into two paths and outputs the two paths to the two offset waveguides, each offset waveguide transmits the electromagnetic wave signal to a group of radiation ports corresponding to the offset waveguide, and each radiation port radiates the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted to the radiation port to a free space. Each offset waveguide comprises a rectangular plate provided with n / 2 rectangular grooves and a required number of rectangular blocks arranged according to energy distribution requirements; the antenna has the advantages that the antenna is low in loss and low in sidelobe of an H surface, and meanwhile, the antenna also has wider E-surface 3dB beam width, and the E-surface 3dB beam width is not reduced when the gain is improved by increasing the number of radiation ports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a millimeter wave radar, and in particular to a wide-beam millimeter wave radar. Background Art

[0002] With the development of wireless communication technology, millimeter-wave radar systems have been widely used in the automotive field. In vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar systems, millimeter-wave radar is mainly responsible for short-range monitoring. It can quickly detect obstacles within the vehicle's close range and provide timely warning information to the driver. This can effectively prevent collisions and promptly identify potential traffic accidents and provide warnings.

[0003] An existing millimeter-wave radar primarily consists of a feed network, a radar chip, and an antenna. The antenna is implemented using a series-fed leaky-wave antenna array comprised of multiple antenna elements. Controlled by an external signal, the radar chip generates an electromagnetic wave signal that excites one of the multiple antenna elements and outputs it to the feed network. The feed network then feeds the electromagnetic wave signal to the corresponding antenna element, which then transmits the electromagnetic wave signal. This millimeter-wave radar exhibits low loss performance. While this type of millimeter-wave radar has demonstrated certain functional characteristics in practical applications, the antenna element utilizes multiple staggered radiating ports to vary the energy at each port, achieving energy regulation and low sidelobes in the H-plane. However, the fact that the multiple radiating ports are not aligned on the same line results in a narrow 3dB beamwidth in the E-plane of the antenna element, which in turn results in a narrow 3dB beamwidth in the E-plane of the millimeter-wave radar. Since the gain of millimeter-wave radar is related to the number of radiating ports in its antenna unit, the more radiating ports a millimeter-wave radar antenna unit has, the higher the gain of the millimeter-wave radar. However, increasing the number of radiating ports in a millimeter-wave radar antenna unit will lead to a larger maximum offset of the radiating ports, which will reduce the 3dB beamwidth of the millimeter-wave radar antenna unit in the E plane, thereby reducing the 3dB beamwidth of the millimeter-wave radar in the E plane. The narrower the beamwidth of the millimeter-wave radar, the narrower its coverage area, making it difficult to cover a large angle range around the vehicle. To ensure the effectiveness of its environmental coverage, its gain cannot be significantly improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wide-beam millimeter-wave radar that has low loss and low side lobes on the H-plane, as well as a wider 3dB beamwidth on the E-plane, and whose 3dB beamwidth on the E-plane does not decrease when the gain is increased by increasing the number of radiation ports.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a wide-beam millimeter-wave radar, including a feed network, a radar chip and 8 antenna units, wherein the radar chip is used to generate an electromagnetic wave signal that excites one of the 8 antenna units under the control of an external signal and outputs it to the feed network, and the feed network is used to output the electromagnetic wave signal output by the radar chip to the corresponding antenna unit, so that the antenna unit is excited to radiate the electromagnetic wave signal output thereto into free space, and each antenna unit includes a 1-to-2 power splitter, two offset waveguides and n radiation ports, where n is an even number greater than or equal to 4, and n radiation ports are connected to the antenna unit. The radiation ports are all in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the n radiation ports are distributed along a straight line and are evenly divided into two groups of radiation ports. The two groups of radiation ports correspond one-to-one to the two offset waveguides. The 1-to-2 power splitter is used to access the electromagnetic wave signal output by the feeding network and divide the electromagnetic wave signal into two equal paths, which are output one-to-one to the two offset waveguides. Each offset waveguide is used to transmit the electromagnetic wave signal output thereto to a group of radiation ports corresponding thereto, and each radiation port is used to radiate the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted thereto into free space. Each offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with n / 2 rectangular slots and a required number of rectangular blocks set according to energy distribution requirements.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that the antenna unit changes the energy distribution transmitted to the n radiation ports through two offset waveguides, so that there is no need to adopt the distribution mode of n radiation ports to adjust its energy distribution. The n radiation ports of the antenna unit do not need to be offset and can be set on the same straight line, so that the antenna unit has a wide E-plane 3dB beam width, so that the millimeter wave radar has a wide E-plane 3dB beam width, realizing a wide beam characteristic, and the n radiation ports of the antenna unit are set on the same straight line, and the energy distribution of the n radiation ports of the antenna unit is realized by two offset waveguides. When the gain is increased by increasing the number of radiation ports, the E-plane 3dB beam width is not affected by the increase in the number of radiation ports and will not decrease. In addition, the energy distribution at each radiation port can be controlled by the distribution of rectangular blocks and rectangular slots in the offset waveguide to achieve H-plane low sidelobe performance. Experiments have verified that the antenna unit of the wide-beam millimeter wave radar of the present invention has a wide E-plane 3dB beam width in the range of 76 GHz-81 While maintaining low loss and low loss in the GHz frequency band, the E-plane 3dB beamwidth can reach more than 130° and the H-plane sidelobe suppression can reach more than 18 dB. The millimeter wave radar antenna also has the same performance effect. Therefore, the millimeter wave radar of the present invention has low loss and low H-plane sidelobe while also having a wider E-plane 3dB beamwidth. When the gain is increased by increasing the number of radiation ports, its E-plane 3dB beamwidth will not decrease.

[0007] Furthermore, the 1-to-2 power divider is realized by opening two rectangular slots on a rectangular waveguide, the rectangular waveguide is referred to as a first rectangular waveguide, the two rectangular slots are referred to as a first rectangular slot and a second rectangular slot respectively, the width direction of the first rectangular waveguide is taken as the left-right direction, the length direction is taken as the front-to-back direction, and the height direction is taken as the up-down direction, the width directions of the first rectangular slot and the second rectangular slot are both along the left-right direction, the length directions are both along the front-to-back direction, and the height directions are both along the up-down direction; the front end face of the first rectangular waveguide and the front end face of the first rectangular slot are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located behind the rear end face of the first rectangular slot, the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide and the left end face of the first rectangular slot are located in the same plane, and the right end face of the first rectangular waveguide and the right end face of the first rectangular slot are located in the same plane. The upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the first rectangular groove are located in the same plane, and the lower end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located below the lower end face of the first rectangular groove; the second rectangular groove is located below the first rectangular groove, the front end face of the second rectangular groove and the front end face of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the second rectangular groove is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, the left end face of the second rectangular groove and the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the right end face of the second rectangular groove and the right end face of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, there is a distance between the upper end face of the second rectangular groove and the lower end face of the first rectangular groove, and the lower end face of the second rectangular groove and the lower end face of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane.

[0008] Furthermore, the two offset waveguides are respectively referred to as a first offset waveguide and a second offset waveguide, the first offset waveguide being located on the left side of the 1-to-2 power divider, and the second offset waveguide being located on the right side of the 1-to-2 power divider; the plane that makes the first rectangular waveguide bilaterally symmetrical is taken as a first symmetry plane, and the vertical projection of the central axis of the second rectangular waveguide in the height direction on the first symmetry plane is taken as a first axis. If the first offset waveguide is rotated 180° clockwise with the first axis as the rotation axis, it will completely overlap with the second offset waveguide; a group of radiation ports corresponding to the first offset waveguide is referred to as a first group of radiation ports, and a group of radiation ports corresponding to the second offset waveguide is referred to as a second group of radiation ports. The first group of radiation ports is located above the first offset waveguide, and the second group of radiation ports is located above the second offset waveguide. If the first group of radiation ports is rotated 180° clockwise with the first axis as the rotation axis, it will completely overlap with the second group of radiation ports.

[0009] Furthermore, when n is 4, the first offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with two rectangular grooves and two rectangular blocks, the rectangular plate is referred to as a second rectangular waveguide, the two rectangular blocks are referred to as a third rectangular waveguide and a fourth rectangular waveguide, the two rectangular grooves are referred to as a third rectangular groove and a fourth rectangular groove, the length directions of the second rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular waveguide, the fourth rectangular waveguide, the first rectangular groove, and the second rectangular groove are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction; the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is connected to the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide The front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and the front end of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the lower end face of the first rectangular groove is located and below the plane where the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the upper end face of the second rectangular groove is located; the length of the third rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the second rectangular waveguide. The width of the rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide; the length of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, and the width of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide. the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the front end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the upper end surface of the third rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the left of the plane where the left end surface of the third rectangular groove is located; the sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide;The third rectangular waveguide is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located to the left of the plane where the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located; the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, and the upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane. The lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular slot is located; the length directions of the two radiating ports of the first group of radiating ports are both along the left-right direction, the width directions are both along the front-back direction, and the height directions are both along the up-down direction; the two radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports are arranged at intervals from left to right, and their lower end faces are both connected to and in a bonded state with the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide; the right end face of the rightmost radiating port of the two radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports is located to the left of the plane where the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located, and the left end face of the leftmost radiating port is located to the right of the plane where the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located.

[0010] Furthermore, when n is 6, the first offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with three rectangular grooves and three rectangular blocks, the rectangular plate is called a second rectangular waveguide, the three rectangular blocks are respectively called a third rectangular waveguide, a fourth rectangular waveguide and a fifth rectangular waveguide, the three rectangular grooves are respectively called a third rectangular groove, a fourth rectangular groove and a fifth rectangular groove, the length directions of the second rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular waveguide, the fourth rectangular waveguide, the fifth rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular groove, the fourth rectangular groove and the fifth rectangular groove are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction; the right end of the second rectangular waveguide The surface is connected to the left end surface of the first rectangular waveguide and is in a left-right fitting state, the front end surface of the second rectangular waveguide and the front end of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the rear end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located in front of the plane where the rear end surface of the first rectangular waveguide is located, the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the lower end surface of the first rectangular groove is located and below the plane where the upper end surface of the first rectangular waveguide is located, and the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the upper end surface of the second rectangular groove is located; the length of the third rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the The width of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide; the length of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, the width of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, and the fourth rectangular groove The front end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located in front of the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide, the left end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located; the sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide;The length of the fifth rectangular groove is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, the width of the fifth rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the fifth rectangular groove is located on the left side of the third rectangular groove, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located on the left end face of the third rectangular groove. The left side of the fifth rectangular groove and the width of the fourth rectangular groove are less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide; the third rectangular waveguide is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located on the second rectangular waveguide. The fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the left side of the plane where the right end face of the guide is located; the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the right side of the plane where the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the left side of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located; the fifth rectangular waveguide is located on the right side of the plane where the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the left side of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located; On the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the fourth rectangular slot is located; the length directions of the three radiation ports of the first group of radiation ports are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-to-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction;The three radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports are arranged alternately from left to right, and their lower end surfaces are all connected to and in contact with the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide. The right end surface of the rightmost radiating port in the first group of three radiating ports is located to the left of the plane where the right end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located, and the left end surface of the leftmost radiating port is located to the right of the plane where the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located.

[0011] Furthermore, when n is 8, the first offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with four rectangular slots and three rectangular blocks, the rectangular plate is referred to as the second rectangular waveguide, the three rectangular blocks are referred to as the third rectangular waveguide, the fourth rectangular waveguide and the fifth rectangular waveguide, and the four rectangular slots are referred to as the third rectangular slot, the fourth rectangular slot, the fifth rectangular slot and the sixth rectangular slot; the length directions of the second rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular waveguide, the fourth rectangular waveguide, the fifth rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular slot, the fourth rectangular slot, the fifth rectangular slot and the sixth rectangular slot are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-back direction, and the height directions are all along the left-right direction. The right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is connected to the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide and is in a left-right fitting state. The front end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located in the same plane as the front end of the first rectangular waveguide. The rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located. The upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the lower end face of the first rectangular groove is located and below the plane where the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located. The lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the upper end face of the second rectangular groove is located. The length of the third rectangular groove is less than that of the second rectangular groove. The length of the rectangular waveguide, the width of the third rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide; the length of the fourth rectangular groove is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, and the fourth The width of the rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the front end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the right end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the left of the plane where the left end surface of the third rectangular groove is located, and the sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove and the width of the third rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide;The length of the fifth rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, the width of the fifth rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the fifth rectangular groove is located on the left side of the third rectangular groove, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located to the left of the left end face of the third rectangular groove, and the sum of the width of the fifth rectangular groove and the width of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide; the length of the sixth rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, the width of the sixth rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the sixth rectangular groove is located on the left side of the fourth rectangular groove, the front end face of the sixth rectangular groove and the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, and the upper end face of the sixth rectangular groove The sixth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the lower end surface of the sixth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the left end surface of the sixth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the right end surface of the sixth rectangular groove is located to the left of the left end surface of the fourth rectangular groove, the sum of the width of the sixth rectangular groove and the width of the fifth rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide; the sum of the width of the sixth rectangular groove and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide; The third rectangular waveguide is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a bonded state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located to the left of the plane where the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located; The fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a bonded state, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located;The fifth rectangular waveguide is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the sixth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is located on the left end face of the fourth rectangular groove. On the left side of the plane; the length directions of the four radiating ports of the first group of radiating ports are all in the left-right direction, the width directions are all in the front-to-back direction, and the height directions are all in the up-down direction; the four radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports are spaced apart from each other from left to right, and their lower end surfaces are all connected to and in contact with the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide; the right end surface of the rightmost radiating port of the four radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports is located to the left of the plane where the right end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located, and the left end surface of the leftmost radiating port is located to the right of the plane where the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a 1-to-2 power splitter for a wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention; Figure 3 4 is a structural diagram of the antenna unit of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention when n is 4; Figure 4 1 is a structural diagram of the antenna unit of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention when n is 6; Figure 5 8 is a structural diagram of the antenna unit of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention when n is 8; Figure 6 Graphs showing the reflection coefficients of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention when n is 4, 6, and 8; Figure 7 1 is the gain diagram of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention when n is 4, 6, and 8; Figure 8 4, 6, and 8 are the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0014] Example 1: Figure 1As shown, a wide-beam millimeter-wave radar includes a feed network 1, a radar chip 2, and eight antenna units 3. The radar chip 2 is used to generate an electromagnetic wave signal that excites one of the eight antenna units 3 under the control of an external signal and outputs it to the feed network 1. The feed network 1 is used to output the electromagnetic wave signal output by the radar chip 2 to the corresponding antenna unit 3, so that the antenna unit 3 is excited to radiate the electromagnetic wave signal output thereto into free space. Each antenna unit 3 includes a 1-to-2 power splitter 4, two offset waveguides, and n radiation ports 5, where n is an even number greater than or equal to 4, and the n radiation ports 5 are all rectangular. , n radiation ports 5 are distributed along a straight line and are evenly divided into two groups of radiation ports 5, the two groups of radiation ports 5 correspond one-to-one to the two offset waveguides, the 1-to-2 power splitter 4 is used to access the electromagnetic wave signal output by the feeding network 1, and divide the electromagnetic wave signal into two equal paths and output them one-to-one to the two offset waveguides, each offset waveguide is used to transmit the electromagnetic wave signal output thereto to a group of radiation ports 5 corresponding thereto, and each radiation port 5 is used to radiate the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted thereto into free space, and each offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with n / 2 rectangular slots and a required number of rectangular blocks set according to energy distribution requirements.

[0015] In this embodiment, the antenna unit 3 changes the energy distribution transmitted to the n radiation ports 5 through two offset waveguides, so that there is no need to adjust its energy distribution by adopting the distribution mode of the n radiation ports 5. The n radiation ports 5 of the antenna unit 3 do not need to be offset and can be set on the same straight line, so that the antenna unit 3 has a wide E-plane 3dB beamwidth, so that the millimeter wave radar has a wide E-plane 3dB beamwidth, realizing a wide beam characteristic. In addition, the n radiation ports 5 of the antenna unit 3 are set on the same straight line, and the energy distribution of the n radiation ports 5 of the antenna unit 3 is realized by two offset waveguides. When the gain is increased by increasing the number of radiation ports 5, its E-plane 3dB beamwidth is not affected by the increase in the number of radiation ports 5 and will not decrease. In addition, the energy distribution at each radiation port 5 can be controlled by the distribution of rectangular blocks and rectangular slots in the offset waveguide to achieve H-plane low sidelobe performance. Experiments have verified that the antenna unit 3 of the wide-beam millimeter wave radar of the present invention has a wide E-plane 3dB beamwidth in the range of 76 GHz-81 While maintaining low loss and low loss in the GHz frequency band, the E-plane 3dB beamwidth can reach more than 130° and the H-plane sidelobe suppression can reach more than 18 dB. The millimeter wave radar antenna also has the same performance effect.

[0016] Example 2: This example is basically the same as Example 1, except that: in this example, Figure 2As shown, the 1-to-2 power divider 4 is realized by opening two rectangular slots on a rectangular waveguide, and the rectangular waveguide is called the first rectangular waveguide 6, and the two rectangular slots are respectively called the first rectangular slot 7 and the second rectangular slot 8. The width direction of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is the left-right direction, the length direction is the front-back direction, and the height direction is the up-down direction. The width directions of the first rectangular slot 7 and the second rectangular slot 8 are both along the left-right direction, the length directions are both along the front-back direction, and the height directions are both along the up-down direction; the front end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 and the front end face of the first rectangular slot 7 are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located behind the rear end face of the first rectangular slot 7, the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 and the left end face of the first rectangular slot 7 are located in the same plane, and the right end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 and the first rectangular slot 7 are located in the same plane. The right end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located in the same plane, the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 and the upper end face of the first rectangular groove 7 are located in the same plane, and the lower end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located below the lower end face of the first rectangular groove 7; the second rectangular groove 8 is located below the first rectangular groove 7, the front end face of the second rectangular groove 8 and the front end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the second rectangular groove 8 is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located, the left end face of the second rectangular groove 8 and the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 are located in the same plane, the right end face of the second rectangular groove 8 and the right end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 are located in the same plane, there is a distance between the upper end face of the second rectangular groove 8 and the lower end face of the first rectangular groove 7, and the lower end face of the second rectangular groove 8 and the lower end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 are located in the same plane.

[0017] In the 1-to-2 power splitter 4 of this embodiment, the electromagnetic wave signal output by the feeding network 1 is input to the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6. The first rectangular waveguide 6 equally divides the electromagnetic wave signal connected to its rear end face into two electromagnetic wave signals. The two electromagnetic wave signals are output to the two offset waveguides through the left and right end faces of the first rectangular waveguide 6 respectively. When the two electromagnetic wave signals are transmitted in the first rectangular waveguide 6, the first rectangular slot 7 and the second rectangular slot 8 enable the two electromagnetic wave signals to maintain a good and stable phase.

[0018] Example 3: This example is basically the same as Example 2, except that: in this example, the two offset waveguides are respectively referred to as the first offset waveguide 9 and the second offset waveguide 10. The first offset waveguide 9 is located on the left side of the 1-to-2 power splitter 4, and the second offset waveguide 10 is located on the right side of the 1-to-2 power splitter 4. The plane that makes the first rectangular waveguide 6 bilaterally symmetrical is used as the first symmetry plane, and the vertical projection of the central axis of the second rectangular waveguide 13 in the height direction on the first symmetry plane is used as the first axis. If the first offset waveguide 9 is centered on the first axis, If the rotation axis rotates 180 degrees clockwise, it will completely overlap with the second offset waveguide 10; the group of radiation ports 5 corresponding to the first offset waveguide 9 is called the first group of radiation ports 11, and the group of radiation ports 5 corresponding to the second offset waveguide 10 is called the second group of radiation ports 12. The first group of radiation ports 11 is located above the first offset waveguide 9, and the second group of radiation ports 12 is located above the second offset waveguide 10. If the first group of radiation ports 11 is rotated 180 degrees clockwise about the first axis, it will completely overlap with the second group of radiation ports 12.

[0019] In this embodiment, the first offset waveguide 9 is connected to an electromagnetic wave signal output from the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6, and transmits the electromagnetic wave signal to the n / 2 radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 according to a preset energy distribution. The n / 2 radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 radiate the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted thereto into free space. The second offset waveguide 10 is connected to an electromagnetic wave signal output from the right end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6, and transmits the electromagnetic wave signal to the n / 2 radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12 according to a preset energy distribution. The n / 2 radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12 radiate the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted thereto into free space.

[0020] Example 4: This example is basically the same as Example 3, except that: in this example, Figure 3As shown, when n is 4, the first offset waveguide 9 includes a rectangular plate with two rectangular grooves and two rectangular blocks. The rectangular plate is called a second rectangular waveguide 13, the two rectangular blocks are respectively called a third rectangular waveguide 14 and a fourth rectangular waveguide 15, and the two rectangular grooves are respectively called a third rectangular groove 16 and a fourth rectangular groove 17. The length directions of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the third rectangular waveguide 14, the fourth rectangular waveguide 15, the first rectangular groove 7 and the second rectangular groove 8 are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction. The right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is connected to the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 and is in a fitted state. The front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located in the same plane as the front end of the first rectangular waveguide 6. The rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located, the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located above the plane where the lower end face of the first rectangular groove 7 is located and below the plane where the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located, and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located above the plane where the upper end face of the second rectangular groove 8 is located; the length of the third rectangular groove 16 is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the width of the third rectangular groove 16 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove 16 and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove 16 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, and the lower end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located at the same plane as the second rectangular waveguide 13. The lower end faces are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13; the length of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the front end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 and the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 and the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 The end face is located on the left side of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located; the sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 and the width of the third rectangular groove 16 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13; the third rectangular waveguide 14 is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and is in a bonded state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located, and the right end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is located to the left of the plane where the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located;The fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular slot 16 is located; the first group of radial The two radiating ports 5 of the radiating port 11 are arranged in a longitudinal direction, a longitudinal direction, and a vertical direction. The two radiating ports 5 in the first group of radiating ports 11 are spaced apart from each other from left to right, and their lower end faces are connected to and in contact with the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The right end face of the rightmost radiating port 5 in the first group of radiating ports 11 is located to the left of the plane containing the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the left end face of the leftmost radiating port 5 is located to the right of the plane containing the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13.

[0021] In this embodiment, the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is connected to an electromagnetic wave signal output from the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6, and the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted in the second rectangular waveguide 13. During the transmission process, the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the third rectangular groove 16 cause the electromagnetic wave signal below the rightmost radiation port 5 of the two radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, and the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the fourth rectangular groove 17 cause the electromagnetic wave signal below the leftmost radiation port 5 of the two radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, control the energy obtained by the two radiation ports 5 and output it to the corresponding ones through the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The two radiation ports 5 can concentrate the energy at the rightmost radiation port 5 of the two radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11, so that the energy of the radiation port 5 located at the rightmost radiation port 5 of the three radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 is higher, and the energy of the radiation port 5 located at the leftmost radiation port is lower, thereby realizing energy distribution adjustment. Similarly, the second offset waveguide 10 realizes the energy distribution adjustment of the two radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12, and concentrates the energy at the leftmost radiation port 5 of the two radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12, so that the energy of the radiation port 5 located at the leftmost radiation port 5 of the three radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12 is higher, and the energy of the radiation port 5 located at the rightmost radiation port is lower.

[0022] Example 5: This example is basically the same as Example 3, except that: in this example, Figure 4As shown, when n is 6, the first offset waveguide 9 includes a rectangular plate with three rectangular slots and three rectangular blocks. The rectangular plate is called the second rectangular waveguide 13, the three rectangular blocks are respectively called the third rectangular waveguide 14, the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the fifth rectangular waveguide 18, and the three rectangular slots are respectively called the third rectangular slot 16, the fourth rectangular slot 17 and the fifth rectangular slot 19. The length directions of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the third rectangular waveguide 14, the fourth rectangular waveguide 15, the fifth rectangular waveguide 18, the third rectangular slot 16, the fourth rectangular slot 17 and the fifth rectangular slot 19 are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-back direction, and the height directions are all along the top-bottom direction. The right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is connected to the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 and is in a left-right fitting state. The front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and the front end of the first rectangular waveguide 6 are located in the same plane. The rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located. The upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located on the upper side of the plane where the lower end face of the first rectangular groove 7 is located and the lower side of the plane where the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located. The lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located on the upper side of the plane where the upper end face of the second rectangular groove 8 is located; the length of the third rectangular groove 16 is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the width of the third rectangular groove 16 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The length of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located in the same plane as the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located in the same plane as the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located in the same plane as the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13; the length of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the fourth rectangular groove 17 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The front end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located in the same plane as the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located in front of the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located in the same plane as the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located in the same plane as the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the left end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located; the sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 and the width of the third rectangular groove 16 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13;The length of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the width of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the fifth rectangular groove 19 is located on the left side of the third rectangular groove 16, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is located to the left of the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16 , the sum of the width of the fifth rectangular groove 19 and the width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13; the third rectangular waveguide 14 is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located, and the right end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is located on the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 The fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is located on the right side of the plane where the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is located, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is located on the left side of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located; the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 is located on the second rectangular waveguide 13 On the front side, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 is located to the right of the plane where the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the fourth rectangular slot 17 is located; the length directions of the three radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-to-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction;The three radiating ports 5 in the first group of radiating ports 11 are spaced apart from each other from left to right, and their lower end surfaces are all connected to and in contact with the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The right end surface of the rightmost radiating port 5 in the first group of radiating ports 11 is located to the left of the plane where the right end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located, and the left end surface of the leftmost radiating port 5 is located to the right of the plane where the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located.

[0023] In this embodiment, the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is connected to an electromagnetic wave signal output from the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6, and the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted in the second rectangular waveguide 13. During the transmission process, the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the third rectangular groove 16 cause the electromagnetic wave signal below the rightmost radiation port 5 of the three radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the fourth rectangular groove 17 cause the electromagnetic wave signal below the middle radiation port 5 of the three radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, and the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 and the fifth rectangular groove 19 cause the electromagnetic wave signal below the leftmost radiation port 5 of the three radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, thereby controlling the energy obtained by the three radiation ports 5 and transmitting the energy through the second rectangular waveguide 13. The upper end face of the waveguide 10 outputs the energy to the three radiation ports 5 corresponding to it, so that the energy can be concentrated at the radiation port 5 located at the rightmost end of the three radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11, so that the radiation port 5 located at the rightmost end of the three radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 has the highest energy, the radiation port 5 located in the middle has lower energy, and the radiation port 5 located at the leftmost end has the lowest energy, thereby realizing energy distribution adjustment. Similarly, the second offset waveguide 10 realizes energy distribution adjustment of the three radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12, and concentrates the energy at the radiation port 5 located at the leftmost end of the three radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12, so that the radiation port 5 located at the leftmost end of the three radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12 has the highest energy, the radiation port 5 located in the middle has lower energy, and the radiation port 5 located at the rightmost end has the lowest energy.

[0024] Example 6: This example is basically the same as Example 3, except that: in this example, Figure 5As shown, when n is 8, the first offset waveguide 9 includes a rectangular plate with four rectangular slots and three rectangular blocks. The rectangular plate is called a second rectangular waveguide 13, the three rectangular blocks are respectively called a third rectangular waveguide 14, a fourth rectangular waveguide 15, and a fifth rectangular waveguide 18, and the four rectangular slots are respectively called a third rectangular slot 16, a fourth rectangular slot 17, a fifth rectangular slot 19, and a sixth rectangular slot 20. The length directions of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the third rectangular waveguide 14, the fourth rectangular waveguide 15, the fifth rectangular waveguide 18, the third rectangular slot 16, the fourth rectangular slot 17, the fifth rectangular slot 19, and the sixth rectangular slot 20 are all along the left-right direction. The width direction is along the front-to-back direction, and the height direction is along the up-down direction; the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is connected to the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 and is in a left-right fitting state, the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and the front end of the first rectangular waveguide 6 are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located, the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located on the upper side of the plane where the lower end face of the first rectangular groove 7 is located and the lower side of the plane where the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6 is located, and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located on the upper side of the plane where the upper end face of the second rectangular groove 8 is located; the length of the third rectangular groove 16 The third rectangular groove 16 is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the width of the third rectangular groove 16 is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove 16 and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove 16 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove 16 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13; the length of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the third rectangular groove 16 is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the third rectangular groove 16 is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove 16 and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove 16 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove 16 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove 16 is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The front end surface of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located in the same plane as the front end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The upper end surface of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located in the same plane as the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The lower end surface of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located in the same plane as the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The left end surface of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The right end surface of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located to the left of the plane where the left end surface of the third rectangular groove 16 is located. The sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 and the width of the third rectangular groove 16 is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13.The length of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the width of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the fifth rectangular groove 19 is located on the left side of the third rectangular groove 16, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, and the left end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is located on the left side of the second rectangular waveguide 13. On the right side of the left end face, the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is located on the left side of the left end face of the third rectangular groove 16, the sum of the width of the fifth rectangular groove 19 and the width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13; the length of the sixth rectangular groove 20 is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the width of the sixth rectangular groove 20 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the sixth rectangular groove 20 is located on the left side of the fourth rectangular groove 17, the front end face of the sixth rectangular groove 20 and the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, and the upper end face of the sixth rectangular groove 20 is aligned with the upper end face of the first rectangular groove 17. The upper end surfaces of the two rectangular waveguides 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end surface of the sixth rectangular groove 20 is located in the same plane as the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the left end surface of the sixth rectangular groove 20 is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the right end surface of the sixth rectangular groove 20 is located to the left of the left end surface of the fourth rectangular groove 17, the sum of the width of the sixth rectangular groove 20 and the width of the fifth rectangular groove 19 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13; the sum of the width of the sixth rectangular groove 20 and the width of the third rectangular groove 16 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13; the width of the third rectangular groove 16 is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The waveguide 14 is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and is in a bonded state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located, and the right end face of the third rectangular waveguide 14 is located to the left of the plane where the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is located; The fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and is in a bonded state. The upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane. The lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane. The left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fifth rectangular slot 19 is located. The right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular slot 16 is located.The fifth rectangular waveguide 18 is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide 13, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the sixth rectangular groove 20 is located, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the fourth rectangular groove 17 is located; the first group The four radiating ports 5 of the radiating ports 11 are all arranged in a left-right direction in length, in a front-to-back direction in width, and in a top-to-bottom direction in height. The four radiating ports 5 in the first group of radiating ports 11 are spaced apart from each other from left to right, and their lower end faces are all connected to and in contact with the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13. The right end face of the rightmost radiating port 5 in the first group of radiating ports 11 is located to the left of the plane containing the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13, and the left end face of the leftmost radiating port 5 is located to the right of the plane containing the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13.

[0025] In this embodiment, the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide 13 is connected to an electromagnetic wave signal output from the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide 6, and the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted in the second rectangular waveguide 13. During the transmission process, the third rectangular waveguide 14 and the third rectangular groove 16 cause the electromagnetic wave signal below the rightmost radiation port 5 of the four radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 and the fourth rectangular groove 17 cause the electromagnetic wave signal below the second radiation port 5 from right to left of the four radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 and the fifth rectangular groove 19 cause the electromagnetic wave signal below the third radiation port 5 from right to left of the four radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, and the sixth rectangular groove 20 causes the electromagnetic wave signal below the leftmost radiation port 5 of the four radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 to be offset, thereby controlling the energy obtained by the four radiation ports 5 and transmitting the energy through the second rectangular waveguide 1 The upper end face of 3 is output to the four radiation ports 5 corresponding thereto, so that the energy can be concentrated at the radiation port 5 located at the rightmost end among the four radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11, so that the radiation port 5 located at the rightmost end among the four radiation ports 5 of the first group of radiation ports 11 has the highest energy, the second radiation port 5 from right to left has the second highest energy, the third radiation port 5 from right to left has the third highest energy, and the radiation port 5 located at the leftmost end has the lowest energy, thereby realizing energy distribution adjustment. Similarly, the second offset waveguide 10 realizes energy distribution adjustment of the four radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12, and concentrates the energy at the radiation port 5 located at the leftmost end among the four radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12, so that the radiation port 5 located at the leftmost end among the four radiation ports 5 of the second group of radiation ports 12 has the highest energy, the second radiation port 5 from left to right has the second highest energy, the third radiation port 5 from left to right has the third highest energy, and the radiation port 5 located at the rightmost end has the lowest energy, thereby realizing energy distribution adjustment.

[0026] In order to verify the performance of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention, simulations are performed on the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention when the number of radiation ports 5 in the antenna unit 3 is 4, 6, and 8, respectively. During the simulation, the model of the radar chip 2 is AWR2E44. When n is 4, the length of each rectangular radiation waveguide in the left-right direction is 1.95 mm, the width in the front-to-back direction is 0.6 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1.2 mm. Each group of radiation ports 5 includes two radiation ports 5, and the spacing between the two radiation ports 5 is 3.15 mm. The length of the first rectangular waveguide 6 in the front-to-back direction is 5.95 mm, the width in the left-to-right direction is 1 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 2.5 mm; the length of the first rectangular groove 7 in the front-to-back direction is 1.97 mm, the width in the left-to-right direction is 1 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 0.4 mm; the length of the second rectangular groove 8 in the front-to-back direction is 1 mm, the width in the left-to-right direction is 1 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 0.55 mm; the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13 in the front-to-back direction is 3.25 mm, the length in the left-to-right direction is 6.25 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; the width of the third rectangular groove 16 in the front-to-back direction is 0.88 mm, the length in the left-to-right direction is 1.6 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; the width of the fourth rectangular slot 17 in the front-to-back direction is 0.39 mm, the length in the left-right direction is 1.6 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; the width of the third rectangular waveguide 14 in the front-to-back direction is 0.3 mm, the length in the left-right direction is 1.25 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; the width of the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 in the front-to-back direction is 0.3 mm, the length in the left-right direction is 1.75 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; when n is 6, the length of each rectangular radiation waveguide in the left-to-right direction is 1.94 mm, the width in the front-to-back direction is 0.56 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 0.64 mm, each group of radiation ports 5 includes 3 radiation ports 5, and the spacing between the 3 radiation ports 5 is 3.24 mm, the length of the first rectangular waveguide 6 in the front-to-back direction is 5.8 mm, the width in the left-to-right direction is 1 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 2.8 mm; the length of the first rectangular slot 7 in the front-to-back direction is 1.9 mm, the width in the left-to-right direction is 1 The second rectangular groove 8 has a length of 1 mm in the front-to-back direction, a width of 1 mm in the left-to-right direction, and a height of 0.4 mm in the top-to-bottom direction. The second rectangular waveguide 13 has a width of 2.8 mm in the front-to-back direction, a length of 9.13 mm in the left-to-right direction, and a height of 1 mm in the top-to-bottom direction. The third rectangular groove 16 has a width of 0.72 mm in the front-to-back direction, a length of 1.84 mm in the left-to-right direction, and a height of 1 mm in the top-to-bottom direction. The fourth rectangular groove 17 has a width of 0.4 mm, the length in the left-right direction is 1.6 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; the fifth rectangular slot 19 has a width in the front-to-back direction of 0.3 mm, a length in the left-to-right direction of 1.5 mm, and a height in the up-down direction of 1 mm; the third rectangular waveguide 14 has a width in the front-to-back direction of 0.3 mm, a length in the left-to-right direction of 1.28 mm, and a height in the up-down direction of 1 mm; the fourth rectangular waveguide 15 has a width in the front-to-back direction of 0.3 mm, a length in the left-to-right direction of 1.86 mm, and a height in the up-down direction of 1 mm; the fifth rectangular waveguide 18 has a width in the front-to-back direction of 0.3 mm, a length in the left-to-right direction of 1 mm, and a height in the up-down direction of 1 mm; when n is 8, the length of each rectangular radiation waveguide in the left-to-right direction is 1.94 mm, the width in the front-to-back direction is 0.56 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 0.64 mm, and each group of radiation ports 5 includes 4 radiation ports 5, and the spacing between the 4 radiation ports 5 is 3.14 mm, the length of the first rectangular waveguide 6 in the front-to-back direction is 5.76 mm, the width in the left-right direction is 1 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 2.76 mm; the length of the first rectangular groove 7 in the front-to-back direction is 1.88 mm, the width in the left-right direction is 1 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 0.64 mm; the length of the second rectangular groove 8 in the front-to-back direction is 1.1 mm, the width in the left-right direction is 1 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 0.41 mm; the width of the second rectangular waveguide 13 in the front-to-back direction is 2.76 mm, the length in the left-right direction is 12.1 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; the width of the third rectangular groove 16 in the front-to-back direction is 0.64 mm, the length in the left-right direction is 1.98 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; the width of the fourth rectangular groove 17 in the front-to-back direction is 0.42 mm, the length in the left-right direction is 1.5 mm, and the height in the up-down direction is 1 mm; the width of the fifth rectangular groove 19 in the front-to-back direction is 0.30 mm, the length in the left-right direction is 1.6 The sixth rectangular groove 20 has a width of 0.22 mm in the front-to-back direction, a length of 1 mm in the left-to-right direction, and a height of 1 mm in the top-to-bottom direction. The third rectangular waveguide 14 has a width of 0.3 mm in the front-to-back direction, a length of 1.05 mm in the left-to-right direction, and a height of 1 mm in the top-to-bottom direction. The fourth rectangular waveguide 15 has a width of 0.3 mm in the front-to-back direction, a length of 1.9 mm in the left-to-right direction, and a height of 1 mm in the top-to-bottom direction. The fifth rectangular waveguide 18 has a width of 0.3 mm in the front-to-back direction, a length of 1.52 mm in the left-to-right direction, and a height of 1 mm in the top-to-bottom direction.

[0027] When n is 4, 6, or 8, the reflection coefficient of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 6 When n is 4, 6, or 8, the gain diagram of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention is as shown in FIG. Figure 7 When n is 4, 6, or 8, the E-plane and H-plane directional patterns of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention are as follows: Figure 8 Analysis Figure 6 It can be seen that when n is 4, 6, or 8, in the 76 GHz-81 GHz frequency band, the reflection coefficient S of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention is 11 All are below -15 dB. It can be seen that the wide beam millimeter wave radar of the present invention has low loss and excellent reflection coefficient. Figure 7 It can be seen that as the number of radiation ports increases, the gain of the millimeter wave radar radiation port of the present invention gradually increases. Figure 8 It can be seen that when n is 4, the E-plane 3dB beamwidth of each antenna unit of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention at the center frequency of 78.5 GHz can reach approximately 133°-134°, exhibiting a wide E-plane 3dB beamwidth, and H-plane sidelobe suppression can reach over 18 dB, with good H-plane sidelobe suppression. In the 76 GHz-81 GHz operating frequency band, the E-plane 3dB beamwidth can also reach approximately 133°-134°, with H-plane sidelobe suppression reaching over 18 dB. This demonstrates that the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention has low H-plane sidelobes and a wide E-plane 3dB beam. When n is 6, the E-plane 3dB beamwidth of each antenna unit of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention at the center frequency of 78.5 GHz can reach approximately 133°-134°, exhibiting a wide E-plane 3dB beamwidth, and H-plane sidelobe suppression can reach over 18 dB, with good H-plane sidelobe suppression. In the 76 GHz-81 GHz operating frequency band, the E-plane 3dB beamwidth can also reach approximately 133°-134°, and the H-plane sidelobe suppression can reach over 18 dB. This demonstrates that the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention has low H-plane sidelobes and a wide E-plane 3dB beam. When n is 8, the E-plane 3dB beamwidth of each antenna unit of the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention at the center frequency of 78.5 GHz can reach approximately 133°-134°, exhibiting a wide E-plane 3dB beamwidth, and the H-plane sidelobe suppression can reach over 18 dB, indicating good H-plane sidelobe suppression. In the 76 GHz-81 GHz operating frequency band, the E-plane 3dB beamwidth can also reach approximately 133°-134°, and the H-plane sidelobe suppression can reach over 18 dB. This demonstrates that the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention has low H-plane sidelobes and a wide E-plane 3dB beam.

[0028] The wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention can be implemented using air waveguides during actual production, by slotting a metal block and filling the slots with air to realize the feed network 1 and the eight antenna units 3 .

[0029] In summary, the wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention utilizes two offset waveguides to achieve energy distribution at the radiating ports, enabling them to be placed in a straight line. This achieves low loss and low sidelobes in the H-plane while also maintaining a wide 3dB beamwidth in the E-plane. Furthermore, increasing the number of radiating ports to increase gain does not reduce the 3dB beamwidth in the E-plane. The wide-beam millimeter-wave radar of the present invention has broad application prospects in automotive millimeter-wave radar systems.

Claims

1. A wide-beam millimeter-wave radar comprising a feed network, a radar chip, and eight antenna units. The radar chip is configured to generate an electromagnetic wave signal that excites one of the eight antenna units under control of an external signal and outputs the signal to the feed network. The feed network is configured to transmit the electromagnetic wave signal output by the radar chip to the corresponding antenna unit, causing the antenna unit to be excited and radiate the electromagnetic wave signal into free space. Each antenna unit includes a 1-to-2 power splitter, two offset waveguides, and n radiation ports, where n is an even number greater than or equal to 4. The n radiation ports are all rectangular, distributed along a straight line, and are evenly divided into two groups of radiation ports. The two groups of radiation ports correspond one-to-one to the two offset waveguides. The 1-to-2 power splitter is used to access the electromagnetic wave signal output by the feeding network and divide the electromagnetic wave signal into two equal paths, which are output one-to-one to the two offset waveguides. Each offset waveguide is used to transmit the electromagnetic wave signal output thereto to a corresponding group of radiation ports. Each radiation port is used to radiate the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted thereto into free space. Each offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with n / 2 rectangular slots and a required number of rectangular blocks set according to energy distribution requirements.

2. A wide-beam millimeter-wave radar according to claim 1, characterized in that The 1-to-2 power splitter is realized by opening two rectangular slots on a rectangular waveguide. The rectangular waveguide is referred to as a first rectangular waveguide, and the two rectangular slots are referred to as a first rectangular slot and a second rectangular slot respectively. The width direction of the first rectangular waveguide is taken as the left-right direction, the length direction is taken as the front-to-back direction, and the height direction is taken as the up-down direction. The width directions of the first rectangular slot and the second rectangular slot are both along the left-right direction, the length directions are both along the front-to-back direction, and the height directions are both along the up-down direction. The front end face of the first rectangular waveguide and the front end face of the first rectangular slot are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located behind the rear end face of the first rectangular slot, the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide and the left end face of the first rectangular slot are located in the same plane, and the right end face of the first rectangular waveguide and the right end face of the first rectangular slot are located in the same plane. The upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the first rectangular groove are located in the same plane, and the lower end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located below the lower end face of the first rectangular groove; the second rectangular groove is located below the first rectangular groove, the front end face of the second rectangular groove and the front end face of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the second rectangular groove is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, the left end face of the second rectangular groove and the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the right end face of the second rectangular groove and the right end face of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, there is a distance between the upper end face of the second rectangular groove and the lower end face of the first rectangular groove, and the lower end face of the second rectangular groove and the lower end face of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane.

3. A wide-beam millimeter-wave radar according to claim 2, characterized in that The two offset waveguides are respectively referred to as a first offset waveguide and a second offset waveguide. The first offset waveguide is located on the left side of the 1-to-2 power splitter, and the second offset waveguide is located on the right side of the 1-to-2 power splitter. The plane that makes the first rectangular waveguide bilaterally symmetrical is referred to as a first symmetry plane, and the perpendicular projection of the central axis of the second rectangular waveguide in the height direction on the first symmetry plane is referred to as a first axis. If the first offset waveguide is rotated 180° clockwise about the first axis, it will completely overlap with the second offset waveguide. The group of radiating ports corresponding to the first offset waveguide is referred to as a first group of radiating ports, and the group of radiating ports corresponding to the second offset waveguide is referred to as a second group of radiating ports. The first group of radiating ports is located above the first offset waveguide, and the second group of radiating ports is located above the second offset waveguide. If the first group of radiating ports is rotated 180° clockwise about the first axis, it will completely overlap with the second group of radiating ports.

4. A wide-beam millimeter-wave radar according to claim 3, characterized in that When n is 4, the first offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with two rectangular grooves and two rectangular blocks. The rectangular plate is called a second rectangular waveguide, the two rectangular blocks are respectively called a third rectangular waveguide and a fourth rectangular waveguide, and the two rectangular grooves are respectively called a third rectangular groove and a fourth rectangular groove. The length directions of the second rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular waveguide, the fourth rectangular waveguide, the first rectangular groove, and the second rectangular groove are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction. The right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is connected to the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide and is in contact with each other. In a closed state, the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and the front end of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the lower end face of the first rectangular groove is located and below the plane where the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the upper end face of the second rectangular groove is located; the length of the third rectangular groove is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, and the width of the third rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide. The width of the guide, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide; the length of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, and the width of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide The width of the fourth rectangular waveguide is greater than that of the fourth rectangular groove, the front end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the front end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the upper end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the upper end surface of the third rectangular waveguide, the lower end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the left end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the left of the plane where the left end surface of the third rectangular groove is located; the sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide;The third rectangular waveguide is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located to the left of the plane where the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located; the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, and the upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane. The lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular slot is located; the length directions of the two radiating ports of the first group of radiating ports are both along the left-right direction, the width directions are both along the front-back direction, and the height directions are both along the up-down direction; the two radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports are arranged at intervals from left to right, and their lower end faces are both connected to and in a bonded state with the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide; the right end face of the rightmost radiating port of the two radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports is located to the left of the plane where the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located, and the left end face of the leftmost radiating port is located to the right of the plane where the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located.

5. The wide-beam millimeter-wave radar according to claim 3, characterized in that When n is 6, the first offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with three rectangular grooves and three rectangular blocks. The rectangular plate is called a second rectangular waveguide, the three rectangular blocks are respectively called a third rectangular waveguide, a fourth rectangular waveguide and a fifth rectangular waveguide, and the three rectangular grooves are respectively called a third rectangular groove, a fourth rectangular groove and a fifth rectangular groove. The length directions of the second rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular waveguide, the fourth rectangular waveguide, the fifth rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular groove, the fourth rectangular groove and the fifth rectangular groove are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction. The right end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is aligned with the The left end face of the first rectangular waveguide is connected and in a left-right fitting state, the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located in the same plane as the front end of the first rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the lower end face of the first rectangular groove is located and below the plane where the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located above the plane where the upper end face of the second rectangular groove is located; the length of the third rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the second rectangular waveguide. The width of the rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide; the length of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, the width of the fourth rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, and the fourth rectangular The front end surface of the groove is located in the same plane as the front end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located in front of the rear end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the upper end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the lower end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located in the same plane as the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the left end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the left of the plane where the left end surface of the third rectangular groove is located; the sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide;The length of the fifth rectangular groove is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, the width of the fifth rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the fifth rectangular groove is located on the left side of the third rectangular groove, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located on the left end face of the third rectangular groove. The left side of the fifth rectangular groove and the width of the fourth rectangular groove are less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide; the third rectangular waveguide is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the fourth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located on the second rectangular waveguide. The fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the left side of the plane where the right end face of the guide is located; the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the right side of the plane where the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the left side of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located; the fifth rectangular waveguide is located on the right side of the plane where the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the left side of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located; On the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is located to the left of the plane where the left end face of the fourth rectangular slot is located; the length directions of the three radiation ports of the first group of radiation ports are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-to-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction;The three radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports are arranged alternately from left to right, and their lower end surfaces are all connected to and in contact with the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide. The right end surface of the rightmost radiating port in the first group of three radiating ports is located to the left of the plane where the right end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located, and the left end surface of the leftmost radiating port is located to the right of the plane where the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located.

6. The wide-beam millimeter-wave radar according to claim 3, characterized in that When n is 8, the first offset waveguide includes a rectangular plate with four rectangular grooves and three rectangular blocks. The rectangular plate is called a second rectangular waveguide, the three rectangular blocks are respectively called a third rectangular waveguide, a fourth rectangular waveguide, and a fifth rectangular waveguide, and the four rectangular grooves are respectively called a third rectangular groove, a fourth rectangular groove, a fifth rectangular groove, and a sixth rectangular groove; the length directions of the second rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular waveguide, the fourth rectangular waveguide, the fifth rectangular waveguide, the third rectangular groove, the fourth rectangular groove, the fifth rectangular groove, and the sixth rectangular groove are all along the left-right direction, the width directions are all along the front-back direction, and the height directions are all along the up-down direction. direction; the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is connected to the left end face of the first rectangular waveguide and is in a left-right fitting state, the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and the front end of the first rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located in front of the plane where the rear end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located on the upper side of the plane where the lower end face of the first rectangular groove is located and the lower side of the plane where the upper end face of the first rectangular waveguide is located, and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located on the upper side of the plane where the upper end face of the second rectangular groove is located; the length of the third rectangular groove is smaller than that of the second rectangular waveguide The length of the guide, the width of the third rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the third rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end face of the third rectangular groove is located to the left of the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide; the length of the fourth rectangular groove is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, and the fourth rectangular The width of the groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the front end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end surface of the fourth rectangular groove and the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, the right end surface of the fourth rectangular groove is located to the left of the plane where the left end surface of the third rectangular groove is located, and the sum of the width of the fourth rectangular groove and the width of the third rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide;The length of the fifth rectangular groove is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, the width of the fifth rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the fifth rectangular groove is located on the left side of the third rectangular groove, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular groove and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end face of the second rectangular waveguide, the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located to the left of the left end face of the third rectangular groove, and the width of the fifth rectangular groove is the same as that of the third rectangular groove. The sum of the widths of the fourth rectangular grooves is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide; the length of the sixth rectangular groove is smaller than the length of the second rectangular waveguide, the width of the sixth rectangular groove is smaller than the width of the second rectangular waveguide, the sixth rectangular groove is located on the left side of the fourth rectangular groove, the front end surface of the sixth rectangular groove and the front end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the upper end surface of the sixth rectangular groove and the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end surface of the sixth rectangular groove and the lower end surface of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end surface of the sixth rectangular groove is located to the right of the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide, and the right end surface of the sixth rectangular groove is located On the left side of the left end face of the fourth rectangular groove, the sum of the width of the sixth rectangular groove and the width of the fifth rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide; the sum of the width of the sixth rectangular groove and the width of the third rectangular groove is less than the width of the second rectangular waveguide; the third rectangular waveguide is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the third rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the third rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, and the left end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located in the fourth rectangular groove The right end face of the third rectangular waveguide is located on the left side of the plane where the right end face of the second rectangular waveguide is located; the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the rear side of the second rectangular waveguide, the front end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is connected to the rear end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the right side of the plane where the right end face of the fifth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the fourth rectangular waveguide is located on the left side of the plane where the left end face of the third rectangular groove is located;The fifth rectangular waveguide is located on the front side of the second rectangular waveguide, the rear end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is connected to the front end face of the second rectangular waveguide and is in a fitted state, the upper end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide and the upper end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the lower end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide and the lower end face of the second rectangular waveguide are located in the same plane, the left end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is located to the right of the plane where the right end face of the sixth rectangular groove is located, and the right end face of the fifth rectangular waveguide is located on the left end face of the fourth rectangular groove. On the left side of the plane; the length directions of the four radiating ports of the first group of radiating ports are all in the left-right direction, the width directions are all in the front-to-back direction, and the height directions are all in the up-down direction; the four radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports are spaced apart from each other from left to right, and their lower end surfaces are all connected to and in contact with the upper end surface of the second rectangular waveguide; the right end surface of the rightmost radiating port of the four radiating ports in the first group of radiating ports is located to the left of the plane where the right end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located, and the left end surface of the leftmost radiating port is located to the right of the plane where the left end surface of the second rectangular waveguide is located.

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