Distributed fire positioning alarm device, system and method based on multi-sensor information fusion

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed fire positioning alarm device, system and method based on multi-sensor information fusion, and the alarm device comprises a wireless detection device which comprises a plurality of wireless nodes distributed in a detection space, and each wireless node comprises a sensing module and a wireless node controller in signal connection with the sensing module; the fire alarm controller is used for integrating the alarm signals of all the wireless nodes into fire alarm positioning signals; the communication device comprises an internal communication module and an external communication module. A plurality of parameters such as temperature, smoke, flame, CO, O2 and the like are monitored in real time at the same time, analysis and judgment are performed through a fusion algorithm, the response speed and accuracy of the system are improved, therefore, signs of fire hazards are found as early as possible, the false alarm rate and the missing report rate are reduced, automatic alarm is achieved, and the safety is improved. The fire alarm controller uniformly receives and integrates alarm signals of the wireless nodes and then sends the alarm signals to an external fire-fighting center, so that rapid and accurate positioning and fire extinguishing are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automatic alarm systems, and in particular to a distributed fire location alarm device, system and method based on multi-sensor information fusion. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of technology and the increasing demand for the safety of life and property, fire alarm systems are also constantly developing and improving. With the continuous advancement of urbanization, fire prevention and control in smart cities, smart buildings and smart fire protection are becoming more and more important.

[0003] Traditional fire detectors use cables to transmit signals and sound alarms through buzzers or sound and light alarms. During the construction and installation process, the cost of laying cables is high, the wiring is troublesome, and it is easy to damage the building structure. When the fire is serious, the cables are easily damaged, resulting in the signal being unable to be sent, and remote alarming is also impossible. In order to solve the disadvantages of wired detectors, reduce laying costs, and simplify the wiring network, the existing improvement method is to transmit signals through wireless communication technology. For example, the invention patent with authorization announcement number CN102737471B provides a wireless fire alarm terminal, system and method thereof. The smoke and temperature detectors are used to obtain smoke concentration or temperature information and determine whether it exceeds the preset value. The location information obtained by the GPS module is sent to at least one alarm receiving center through the wireless communication module. This method uses wireless communication to transmit the location information of the alarm location and can realize remote alarming. However, this method only uses the smoke and temperature detectors to simply compare whether the smoke concentration or temperature information reaches the preset value to determine whether to alarm. The detection parameters are few, the judgment method is simple, the accuracy is low, and errors are prone to occur due to temperature rise or smoke increase caused by non-fire. Leading to false alarms; for example, the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN202394333U provides a fire gas monitoring system, which sets up multiple flame detectors at different locations, and collects fire monitoring information at different locations through a monitoring computer before the alarm is issued and determines whether to issue an alarm signal. The system adopts a distributed detection method, which can monitor the detection signals at different locations in the detection space in real time, and determines whether a fire has occurred and the location of the fire through a monitoring computer before the alarm is issued, and sends the fire information to multiple mobile terminals. However, in this method, different types of detectors are distributed in a dispersed manner, and the detectors only have information collection functions. The monitoring information of all detectors is received and processed by the monitoring computer. Therefore, the information processing volume of the monitoring computer is extremely large and the processing efficiency is low, which is easy to delay the alarm. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a distributed fire location alarm device, system and method based on multi-sensor information fusion.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] Distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion, including:

[0007] A wireless detection device includes multiple wireless nodes distributed within a detection space, each of the wireless nodes including a sensing module and a wireless node controller connected to the sensing module by signal. The sensing module includes three or more sensors, each sensor being configured to measure a different characteristic parameter for determining a fire condition. The wireless node controller collects detection data of the multiple characteristic parameters collected by all sensors within the wireless node, fuses the detection data to obtain a calculation result, and determines whether to issue an alarm signal based on the calculation result.

[0008] Fire alarm controller, used to integrate the alarm signals of all wireless nodes into fire alarm location signals;

[0009] The communication device includes an internal communication module and an external communication module. The internal communication module includes a first wireless transmission interface connected to each of the wireless node controllers and a second wireless transmission interface connected to the fire alarm controller. Each first wireless transmission interface communicates with the second wireless transmission interface to transmit the alarm signal of each wireless node. The external communication module includes a third wireless transmission interface connected to the fire alarm controller. The third wireless transmission interface communicates with an external fire center to send the integrated fire alarm location signal to the fire center.

[0010] Preferably, the sensors in the sensing module include a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a flame sensor, a CO concentration sensor and an O2 concentration sensor, which are respectively used to collect detection data of five characteristic parameters: temperature, smoke, flame, CO concentration and O2 concentration.

[0011] Preferably, the fusion calculation adopts an adaptive weighted fusion algorithm, comprising the following steps:

[0012] The wireless node controller receives detection data representing different characteristic parameters sent by all sensors in the current wireless node;

[0013] Calculate the optimal weights based on the reliability and accuracy of different detection data, and assign corresponding weights based on the optimal weights of each characteristic parameter. Reliability refers to the stability and accuracy of the sensor during operation, and accuracy refers to the degree to which the data collected by the sensor conforms to the actual situation.

[0014] All detection data are multiplied by their corresponding optimal weights and then summed to obtain the calculation result. It is determined whether the current calculation result reaches the preset threshold. If so, it is determined that a fire has occurred in the wireless node and an alarm signal is issued.

[0015] Preferably, each of the wireless node controllers presets a threshold value individually, and each compares the threshold value in the current wireless node with the calculation result to determine whether to issue an alarm signal.

[0016] Preferably, the first wireless transmission interface and the second wireless transmission interface are NRF905 wireless chips, the third wireless transmission interface is a GSM wireless chip, and the positioning module used by the GSM wireless chip is a TC35 module.

[0017] Preferably, the fire alarm controller is also connected to a memory for recording all alarm signals received by the fire alarm controller.

[0018] Preferably, the alarm signal includes a calculation result obtained after the current wireless node fusion calculation, the location information of the wireless node, and the time when the alarm signal is issued.

[0019] Distributed fire location alarm system based on multi-sensor information fusion, including:

[0020] A wireless detection unit is used to detect detection data of multiple characteristic parameters of all wireless nodes in the detection space, and to obtain calculation results after fusing the detection data, and to determine whether to alarm based on the calculation results;

[0021] Fire alarm control unit, used to integrate the alarm signals of all wireless nodes into fire alarm location signals;

[0022] The communication unit is used to transmit the fire alarm signal between the wireless detection unit and the fire alarm control unit, and transmit the fire alarm location signal integrated by the fire alarm control unit to the fire center.

[0023] A distributed fire location alarm method based on multi-sensor information fusion includes:

[0024] The wireless detection device includes a plurality of wireless nodes distributed in the detection space, each of the wireless nodes includes a wireless node controller and a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a flame sensor, a CO concentration sensor, and an O2 concentration sensor respectively connected to the wireless node controller;

[0025] The fire alarm controller can integrate the alarm signals received by all wireless nodes into a fire alarm location signal;

[0026] a communication device comprising an internal communication module and an external communication module, wherein the internal communication module can transmit fire alarm signals between the wireless detection unit and the fire alarm control unit, and the external communication module can transmit the fire alarm location signal integrated by the fire alarm control unit to the fire control center;

[0027] The following steps are involved:

[0028] S1: The temperature, smoke, flame, CO concentration and O2 concentration data of each wireless node are detected in real time through the temperature sensor, smoke sensor, flame sensor, CO concentration sensor and O2 concentration sensor in each wireless node;

[0029] S2: The wireless node controller in each wireless node performs a fusion calculation on the detection data obtained in step S1 to obtain a calculation result, and determines whether the current calculation result reaches a preset threshold. If so, it determines that a fire has occurred in the wireless node and sends an alarm signal to the fire alarm controller;

[0030] S3: The fire alarm controller integrates all the alarm signals it receives into a fire alarm locating signal and sends the fire alarm locating signal to the fire control center.

[0031] Preferably, in step S2, the fusion calculation is performed by an adaptive weighted fusion algorithm, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Acquire detection data of the current detection position respectively, wherein the detection data includes temperature data X1, smoke data X2, flame data X3, CO concentration data X4 and O2 concentration data X5;

[0033] Calculate the optimal weights W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 corresponding to X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 respectively;

[0034] Each set of detection data and its corresponding most weighted value are fused to obtain the calculation results:

[0035] in

[0036] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are mainly reflected in:

[0037] 1. By simultaneously monitoring multiple parameters such as temperature, smoke, flame, CO, O2 in real time, and analyzing and judging them through fusion algorithms, corresponding weights are assigned according to the reliability and accuracy of different parameters, thereby improving the system's response speed and accuracy, reducing the false alarm rate and missed alarm rate, and realizing automatic alarm, so as to detect signs of fire danger early. At the same time, by adopting a distributed detection layout in the detection space, it can ensure all-round monitoring and management of buildings, and grasp various safety data in real time, so as to detect signs of fire and locate the fire location, take effective measures to avoid fire or put out fire in time.

[0038] 2. Each wireless node processes the information within the node independently, accurately calculates the fire probability, and then determines whether to send an alarm signal to the fire alarm controller. This can reduce the amount of information processing required by the fire alarm controller, thereby improving information processing efficiency and alarm efficiency. In addition, the fire alarm controller receives and integrates the alarm signals of each wireless node and then sends them to the external fire center. The alarm information of all nodes where fire may occur can be sent out in a unified and centralized manner at one time, ensuring rapid and accurate positioning and fire extinguishing.

[0039] 3. Wireless communication is used within the system and between the system and the external fire protection center to transmit information, reducing wiring costs, improving the security of information transmission, avoiding damage to the building structure, and realizing remote alarm and precise positioning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the communication mode of the distributed fire location alarm system based on multi-sensor information fusion of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a single wireless node in a distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a fire alarm controller in a distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of fusion calculation in the distributed fire location alarm device, system and method based on multi-sensor information fusion of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To more clearly and in detail illustrate the objectives, advantages, and features of the present invention, the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments is provided for illustration and explanation. This embodiment is merely a typical example of the application of the technical solution of the present invention. Any technical solution formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation falls within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0045] It is also stated that the terms "first" and "second" in this solution are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply a ranking of importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features shown. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0046] The present invention discloses a distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 Shown, including:

[0047] A wireless detection device includes multiple wireless nodes distributed in a detection space, each of the wireless nodes includes a sensing module and a wireless node controller connected to the sensing module signal, the sensing module includes three or more sensors, each sensor is used to measure different characteristic parameters for judging fire conditions, the wireless node controller collects detection data of multiple characteristic parameters collected by all sensors in the wireless node, and obtains calculation results after fusing the detection data, and determines whether to issue an alarm signal based on the calculation results.

[0048] In some embodiments, the sensors in the sensing module include a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and a flame sensor, or include a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and a CO concentration sensor; in a preferred embodiment, the sensors in the sensing module include a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a flame sensor, a CO concentration sensor, and an O2 concentration sensor, which are respectively used to collect detection data of five characteristic parameters: temperature, smoke, flame, CO concentration, and O2 concentration. When a fire occurs, the concentration of CO in the air changes earlier than the generation of smoke and flame. Therefore, the CO concentration sensor can sense the change in the concentration of CO in the air in advance, improve the detection sensitivity, and predict the occurrence of a fire earlier. In addition, during the combustion process, the temperature, smoke, flame, and CO concentration gradually increase, while the O2 content in the air gradually decreases. Therefore, the change in the O2 content in the air is correlated with the fire, and the detection of the O2 content can be added as an auxiliary parameter for determining whether there is a fire. By combining the five characteristic parameters, more comprehensive and accurate detection data can be obtained.

[0049] Among them, the sensors in all sensing modules detect data regularly, and the wireless node controllers in the wireless nodes perform fusion calculations regularly. In a preferred embodiment, the detection time of the sensors in the sensing modules is consistent, and the wireless node controllers perform fusion calculations after each detection, and different wireless nodes perform fusion calculations at the same time.

[0050] In some embodiments, the fusion calculation adopts an adaptive weighted fusion algorithm, including the following steps:

[0051] The wireless node controller receives detection data representing different characteristic parameters sent by all sensors in the current wireless node;

[0052] Calculate the optimal weights based on the reliability and accuracy of different detection data, and assign corresponding weights based on the optimal weights of each characteristic parameter, wherein the reliability refers to the stability and accuracy of the sensor during operation, and the accuracy refers to the degree of conformity between the data collected by the sensor and the actual situation. In some embodiments, the optimal weights can be obtained by some existing weight calculation methods, such as the least squares method, the mean square error method, or methods based on information entropy or fuzzy logic;

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, all detection data are multiplied by their corresponding optimal weights and then summed to obtain a calculation result. It is determined whether the current calculation result reaches a preset threshold. If so, it is determined that a fire has occurred in the wireless node and an alarm signal is issued. Each wireless node controller separately presets a threshold and compares the threshold within the current wireless node with the calculation result to determine whether to issue an alarm signal. The threshold can be adjusted according to actual needs, and different thresholds can be set according to the external environment characteristics of different wireless nodes. This is not detailed here. In one embodiment, the result obtained by the fusion calculation is:

[0054] in

[0055] In some embodiments, the alarm signal includes the calculation results obtained after the fusion calculation of the current wireless node, the location information of the wireless node, and the time when the alarm signal is issued, so as to clearly provide the fire monitoring status of the current wireless node, the location of the fire, and the time when the fire occurred, which is used to quickly judge the fire situation of the wireless node.

[0056] The fire alarm controller is used to integrate the alarm signals of all wireless nodes into a fire alarm location signal.

[0057] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the wireless node controller and the fire alarm controller both use an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller, and the wireless node controller and the fire alarm controller are both connected to a communication interface, an alarm circuit, a display circuit and a power supply circuit. In some embodiments, the fire alarm controller is also connected to a memory for recording and archiving all alarm signals received by the fire alarm controller.

[0058] The communication device includes an internal communication module and an external communication module. The internal communication module includes a first wireless transmission interface connected to each of the wireless node controllers and a second wireless transmission interface connected to the fire alarm controller. Each first wireless transmission interface communicates with the second wireless transmission interface to transmit the alarm signal of each wireless node. The external communication module includes a third wireless transmission interface connected to the fire alarm controller. The third wireless transmission interface communicates with an external fire center to send the integrated fire alarm location signal to the fire center.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first wireless transmission interface and the second wireless transmission interface both use an NRF905 wireless chip, and the third wireless transmission interface is a GSM wireless chip, wherein the positioning module used by the GSM wireless chip is a TC35 module.

[0060] The present invention also discloses a distributed fire location alarm system based on multi-sensor information fusion, comprising:

[0061] A wireless detection unit is used to detect detection data of multiple characteristic parameters of all wireless nodes in the detection space, and to obtain calculation results after fusing the detection data, and to determine whether to alarm based on the calculation results;

[0062] Fire alarm control unit, used to integrate the alarm signals of all wireless nodes into fire alarm location signals;

[0063] The communication unit is used to transmit the fire alarm signal between the wireless detection unit and the fire alarm control unit, and transmit the fire alarm location signal integrated by the fire alarm control unit to the fire center.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the distributed fire location alarm system based on multi-sensor information fusion is applied to the distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion as described above.

[0065] A distributed fire location alarm method based on multi-sensor information fusion includes:

[0066] The wireless detection device includes a plurality of wireless nodes distributed in the detection space, each of the wireless nodes includes a wireless node controller and a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a flame sensor, a CO concentration sensor, and an O2 concentration sensor respectively connected to the wireless node controller;

[0067] The fire alarm controller can integrate the alarm signals received by all wireless nodes into a fire alarm location signal;

[0068] A communication device, comprising an internal communication module and an external communication module, both of which utilize wireless signal transmission. The internal communication module can transmit fire alarm signals between the wireless detection unit and the fire alarm control unit, and the external communication module can transmit fire alarm location signals integrated by the fire alarm control unit to a fire control center.

[0069] The following steps are involved:

[0070] S1: The temperature, smoke, flame, CO concentration and O2 concentration detection data of each wireless node are detected in real time through the temperature sensor, smoke sensor, flame sensor, CO concentration sensor and O2 concentration sensor in each wireless node, and the multiple sensors in the wireless node transmit their real-time detection data to the wireless node controller.

[0071] S2: The wireless node controller in each wireless node performs fusion calculation on the detection data obtained in step S1 to obtain the calculation result, and determines whether the current calculation result reaches the preset threshold. If so, it determines that a fire has occurred in the wireless node and sends an alarm signal to the fire alarm controller.

[0072] Among them, all sensors in all wireless nodes simultaneously detect the detection data in the current wireless node and send it to the corresponding wireless node controller in real time. The wireless node controller performs fusion calculation on the detection data received each time and determines whether the calculation result reaches the threshold. It ensures that all wireless node controllers whose calculation results reach the threshold simultaneously send an alarm signal to the fire alarm controller.

[0073] In some embodiments, in step S2, the fusion calculation is performed by an adaptive weighted fusion algorithm, including the following steps:

[0074] Acquire detection data of the current detection position respectively, wherein the detection data includes temperature data X1, smoke data X2, flame data X3, CO concentration data X4 and O2 concentration data X5;

[0075] Calculate the optimal weights W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 corresponding to X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 respectively;

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, each set of detection data and its corresponding most weighted value are fused to obtain the calculation results: in

[0077] S3: The fire alarm controller integrates all the alarm signals it receives into a fire alarm locating signal, and sends the fire alarm locating signal to a fire fighting center. The fire alarm controller transmits the fire alarm locating signal to the fire fighting center via an external communication module.

[0078] There are many implementation methods of the present invention, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion, characterized by: include: A wireless detection device includes multiple wireless nodes distributed within a detection space, each of the wireless nodes including a sensing module and a wireless node controller connected to the sensing module by signal. The sensing module includes three or more sensors, each sensor being configured to measure a different characteristic parameter for determining a fire condition. The wireless node controller collects detection data of the multiple characteristic parameters collected by all sensors within the wireless node, fuses the detection data to obtain a calculation result, and determines whether to issue an alarm signal based on the calculation result. Fire alarm controller, used to integrate the alarm signals of all wireless nodes into fire alarm location signals; The communication device includes an internal communication module and an external communication module. The internal communication module includes a first wireless transmission interface connected to each of the wireless node controllers and a second wireless transmission interface connected to the fire alarm controller. Each first wireless transmission interface communicates with the second wireless transmission interface to transmit the alarm signal of each wireless node. The external communication module includes a third wireless transmission interface connected to the fire alarm controller. The third wireless transmission interface communicates with an external fire center to send the integrated fire alarm location signal to the fire center.

2. The distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sensors in the sensing module include a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a flame sensor, a CO concentration sensor and an O2 concentration sensor, which are respectively used to collect detection data of five characteristic parameters: temperature, smoke, flame, CO concentration and O2 concentration.

3. The distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fusion calculation adopts an adaptive weighted fusion algorithm, which includes the following steps: The wireless node controller receives detection data representing different characteristic parameters sent by all sensors in the current wireless node; Calculate the optimal weights based on the reliability and accuracy of different detection data, and assign corresponding weights based on the optimal weights of each characteristic parameter. Reliability refers to the stability and accuracy of the sensor during operation, and accuracy refers to the degree to which the data collected by the sensor conforms to the actual situation. All detection data are multiplied by their corresponding optimal weights and then summed to obtain the calculation result. It is determined whether the current calculation result reaches the preset threshold. If so, it is determined that a fire has occurred in the wireless node and an alarm signal is issued.

4. The distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion according to claim 3 is characterized by: Each of the wireless node controllers presets a threshold value individually, and each compares the threshold value in the current wireless node with the calculation result to determine whether to issue an alarm signal.

5. The distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first wireless transmission interface and the second wireless transmission interface are NRF905 wireless chips, the third wireless transmission interface is a GSM wireless chip, and the positioning module used by the GSM wireless chip is a TC35 module.

6. The distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire alarm controller is also connected to a memory for recording all alarm signals received by the fire alarm controller.

7. The distributed fire location alarm device based on multi-sensor information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm signal includes a calculation result obtained after the current wireless node fusion calculation, the location information of the wireless node, and the time when the alarm signal is issued.

8. A distributed fire location alarm system based on multi-sensor information fusion, characterized by: include: A wireless detection unit is used to detect detection data of multiple characteristic parameters of all wireless nodes in the detection space, and to obtain calculation results after fusing the detection data, and to determine whether to alarm based on the calculation results; Fire alarm control unit, used to integrate the alarm signals of all wireless nodes into a fire alarm location signal; The communication unit is used to transmit the fire alarm signal between the wireless detection unit and the fire alarm control unit, and transmit the fire alarm location signal integrated by the fire alarm control unit to the fire center.

9. A distributed fire location alarm method based on multi-sensor information fusion, characterized by: include: The wireless detection device includes a plurality of wireless nodes distributed in the detection space, each of the wireless nodes includes a wireless node controller and a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a flame sensor, a CO concentration sensor, and an O2 concentration sensor respectively connected to the wireless node controller; The fire alarm controller can integrate the alarm signals received by all wireless nodes into a fire alarm location signal; a communication device comprising an internal communication module and an external communication module, wherein the internal communication module can transmit fire alarm signals between the wireless detection unit and the fire alarm control unit, and the external communication module can transmit the fire alarm location signal integrated by the fire alarm control unit to the fire control center; The following steps are involved: S1: The temperature, smoke, flame, CO concentration and O2 concentration data of each wireless node are detected in real time through the temperature sensor, smoke sensor, flame sensor, CO concentration sensor and O2 concentration sensor in each wireless node; S2: The wireless node controller in each wireless node performs a fusion calculation on the detection data obtained in step S1 to obtain a calculation result, and determines whether the current calculation result reaches a preset threshold. If so, it determines that a fire has occurred in the wireless node and sends an alarm signal to the fire alarm controller; S3: The fire alarm controller integrates all the alarm signals it receives into a fire alarm locating signal and sends the fire alarm locating signal to the fire control center.

10. The distributed fire location and alarm method based on multi-sensor information fusion according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, the fusion calculation is performed by an adaptive weighted fusion algorithm, including the following steps: Acquire detection data of the current detection position respectively, wherein the detection data includes temperature data X1, smoke data X2, flame data X3, CO concentration data X4 and O2 concentration data X5; Calculate the optimal weights W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 corresponding to X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 respectively; Each set of detection data and its corresponding most weighted value are fused to obtain the calculation results: in

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