Ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wave-transparent metamaterials, and discloses a ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial and electronic equipment. The ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial comprises a plurality of metamaterial structure units, the plurality of metamaterial structure units are arranged in a periodic array; the metamaterial structure unit comprises a dielectric substrate structure and a ceramic structure; the dielectric substrate structure is provided with a mounting hole; the ceramic structure is arranged in the mounting hole. According to the invention, the combination of the ceramic material and the dielectric substrate structure can reduce the reflection and loss of electromagnetic waves, improve the wave transmission efficiency, and achieve better impedance matching. The whole body formed by the structural units arranged in the periodic array mode has high mechanical stability. The periodic array structure design can effectively suppress electromagnetic interference, can optimize the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves, improves the wave transmission efficiency, and solves the problems of low transmissivity and poor impedance matching of a metamaterial in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave-transmitting metamaterials, and in particular to a ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Impedance converters are passive components widely used in wireless communication systems to connect ports with different impedance values ​​and achieve impedance matching. Common impedance converters include traditional quarter-wavelength converters, coupled line converters, tapered transmission lines, and coaxial converters. These converters enable impedance matching in circuits.

[0003] Metamaterials, artificial materials with microscopic structures, exhibit unique physical properties in the field of electromagnetics. Wave-transmitting metamaterials, in particular, hold broad application prospects in antenna design, microwave devices, and stealth technology. By designing their microstructures, metamaterials enable precise control of electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics, including impedance matching.

[0004] In electromagnetic applications such as radomes and antenna windows, impedance mismatches between antennas and other components and the air medium can result in low radiated electromagnetic energy, significantly impacting the performance of the antennas and other components. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop metamaterials that can transform impedance between antennas and other components and the air medium. However, current metamaterials have low transmittance and poor impedance matching. Therefore, improving the transmittance and impedance matching of metamaterials is a pressing issue for the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial and an electronic device, which are used to solve the problems of low transmittance and poor impedance matching existing in existing metamaterials.

[0006] The present invention provides a ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial, comprising a plurality of metamaterial structural units; the plurality of metamaterial structural units are arranged in a periodic array; the metamaterial structural units comprise: A dielectric substrate structure, wherein the dielectric substrate structure is provided with a mounting hole; The ceramic structure is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0007] According to the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention, the array period p of the metamaterial structural units is less than half the wavelength of the operating frequency.

[0008] According to the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate structure is 1 to 25, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0001 to 0.05.

[0009] According to the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention, the dielectric constant of the ceramic structure is 2 to 10,000, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.00001 to 0.1.

[0010] According to the ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial provided by the present invention, a plurality of metamaterial structural units are arranged in an array of m rows and n columns, where m and n are positive integers both greater than 1.

[0011] According to the ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial provided by the present invention, the ceramic structure includes at least two split ceramic structures; the split ceramic structures are stacked in sequence.

[0012] According to the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention, the dielectric substrate structure includes: a first dielectric substrate; The second dielectric substrate is arranged on one side of the first dielectric substrate along the first direction, and the mounting hole is opened on the other side of the second dielectric substrate; the material of the first dielectric substrate is different from that of the second dielectric substrate.

[0013] According to the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention, the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial is used to adapt to input impedances of different sizes and to match output impedance with a target medium.

[0014] According to the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention, the dielectric substrate structure and the ceramic structure are coaxially arranged.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising any of the above-mentioned ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterials.

[0016] According to the electronic device provided by the present invention, the electronic device is an impedance converter or a radome.

[0017] The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention can reduce the reflection and loss of electromagnetic waves, improve the wave transmission efficiency, and achieve better impedance matching through the combination of ceramic materials and dielectric substrate structures. The structural units arranged in a periodic array form a whole with high mechanical stability. The periodic array structure design can effectively suppress electromagnetic interference, optimize the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves, and improve the wave transmission efficiency. In addition, the metamaterial structural units arranged in a periodic array can flexibly control the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves by adjusting the size, shape, and arrangement, and are easy to expand. Ceramic materials have the characteristics of high strength and low density, and can be embedded in a dielectric substrate to achieve a lightweight design. The mounting holes on the dielectric substrate structure facilitate the precise installation and fixation of the ceramic structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 3D structure diagram of the wave-transmitting metamaterial according to embodiment 1 of the invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the unit structure of embodiment 1 of the invention.

[0021] Figure 3 1 is a transmission characteristic curve of embodiment 1 of the invention at different incident angles in TE mode.

[0022] Figure 4 1 is a transmission characteristic curve of embodiment 1 of the invention at different incident angles in TM mode.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wave-transmitting metamaterial according to embodiment 2 of the invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the unit structure of embodiment 2 of the invention.

[0025] Figure 7 1 is the transmission characteristic curve of embodiment 2 of the invention at different incident angles in TE mode.

[0026] Figure 8 1 is the transmission characteristic curve of embodiment 2 of the invention at different incident angles in TM mode.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wave-transmitting metamaterial of embodiment 3 of the invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional view of the unit structure of embodiment 3 of the invention.

[0029] Figure 11 3 is the transmission characteristic curve of embodiment 3 of the invention at different incident angles in TE mode.

[0030] Figure 12 3 is the transmission characteristic curve of embodiment 3 of the invention at different incident angles in TM mode. Description of the drawings: 1. First dielectric substrate; 2. Second dielectric substrate; 3. Ceramic structure; 31. First split ceramic structure; 32. Second split ceramic structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The following combination Figures 1 to 12 The structure and performance of the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of the present invention are described in detail.

[0034] A specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial includes a plurality of metamaterial structural units arranged in a periodic array. The metamaterial structural units include a dielectric substrate structure and a ceramic structure 3. The dielectric substrate structure has a mounting hole, and the ceramic structure 3 is disposed in the mounting hole.

[0035] In this embodiment, the combination of ceramic material and dielectric substrate structure can reduce electromagnetic wave reflection and loss, improve wave transmission efficiency, and achieve better impedance matching. The periodically arrayed structural units form a whole with high mechanical stability. The periodic array structure design can effectively suppress electromagnetic interference, optimize electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics, and improve wave transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the periodically arrayed metamaterial structural units can flexibly control electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics by adjusting their size, shape, and arrangement, making them easy to expand. Ceramic materials have high strength and low density, and embedding them in a dielectric substrate can achieve a lightweight design. The mounting holes on the dielectric substrate structure facilitate the precise installation and fixation of the ceramic structure 3.

[0036] It should be noted that the term "a plurality" means at least two. In other words, the ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial includes at least two metamaterial structural units.

[0037] It should be noted that the ceramic structure 3 being disposed in the mounting hole means that at least a portion of the ceramic structure 3 is located in the dielectric substrate structure.

[0038] Preferably, the ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial is formed by splicing at least two metamaterial structural units in a periodic array.

[0039] Optionally, the dielectric substrate structure and ceramic structure 3 are coaxially arranged. This coaxial arrangement improves symmetry during electromagnetic wave propagation, reduces wavefront distortion, and improves wave transmission efficiency. The coaxial structure helps achieve better impedance matching and further reduces electromagnetic wave reflection loss.

[0040] Optionally, the dielectric substrate structure includes a first dielectric substrate 1 and a second dielectric substrate 2; along the first direction, the second dielectric substrate 2 is arranged on one side of the first dielectric substrate 1, and a mounting hole is opened on the other side of the second dielectric substrate 2; the material of the first dielectric substrate 1 is different from the material of the second dielectric substrate 2.

[0041] It should be noted that the first direction may be an up-down direction, a left-right direction, or a front-back direction. In this embodiment, the first direction is not specifically limited.

[0042] Preferably, the first direction is the up-down direction.

[0043] In some embodiments, a ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, and a ceramic structure 3. In the vertical direction, the first dielectric substrate 1 is located above the second dielectric substrate 2, and the upper side of the second dielectric substrate 2 is in contact with the lower side of the first dielectric substrate 1. The lower side of the second dielectric substrate 2 is provided with a mounting hole, and the ceramic structure 3 is embedded in the mounting hole. The material of the first dielectric substrate 1 is different from the material of the second dielectric substrate 2.

[0044] In this embodiment, by placing a first dielectric substrate 1 on the upper side of a second dielectric substrate 2, and by using a different material for the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2, the transmission and reflection characteristics of electromagnetic waves can be optimized through material combination. Combining these different dielectric substrates with the ceramic structure 3 achieves better impedance matching, reduces electromagnetic wave reflection loss, and improves transmission efficiency. Using different materials for the first and second dielectric substrates 1 and 2 allows for the integration of their respective advantages (such as strength, toughness, and heat resistance) to enhance the mechanical performance of the overall structure. Using different materials for the first and second dielectric substrates 1 and 2 provides greater design flexibility, allowing the material combination to be adjusted according to specific needs.

[0045] Optionally, the first dielectric substrate 1, the second dielectric substrate 2, and the ceramic structure 3 are coaxially arranged. This coaxial arrangement improves symmetry during electromagnetic wave propagation, reduces wavefront distortion, and improves wave transmission efficiency. The coaxial structure facilitates better impedance matching, further reducing electromagnetic wave reflection losses. This coaxial arrangement also makes stress distribution more uniform, reduces local stress concentration, and improves the mechanical strength and durability of the structure. It also facilitates adjustment of design parameters, allowing the structure to be optimized according to specific needs.

[0046] In some embodiments, the array period p of the metamaterial structural units is less than half the wavelength of the operating frequency. In other words, the operating wavelength of the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial can be determined by its operating frequency, while the array period p of the metamaterial structural units is less than half the operating wavelength. In this embodiment, by designing the array period p of the metamaterial structural units to be less than half the wavelength of the operating frequency, precise control of electromagnetic waves, such as negative refraction and superlens effects, can be achieved, thereby enhancing the material's functionality.

[0047] In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate structure has a dielectric constant of 1 to 25 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.0001 to 0.05. Optionally, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 1 to 25 and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0001 to 0.05; the dielectric constant of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 1 to 25 and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0001 to 0.05. In this embodiment, a lower dielectric constant (close to 1) can reduce electromagnetic wave reflection and improve transmittance, while a higher dielectric constant (close to 25) can enhance electromagnetic wave control capabilities, making it suitable for filtering or focusing specific frequencies. A lower dielectric loss tangent means less energy loss during electromagnetic wave propagation through the material, thereby improving transmission efficiency, making it particularly suitable for high-frequency communications and radar systems. The combination of low loss and high transmittance enables efficient signal transmission in high-frequency communications and radar systems. By selecting different combinations of dielectric constants and loss tangent values, metamaterial structures suitable for broadband applications (such as microwaves and millimeter waves) can be designed to meet the needs of multi-band applications. Combining dielectric substrates with different dielectric constants can achieve the control of electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies.

[0048] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate structure may be 1, 25, or any value between 1 and 25.

[0049] Optionally, the dielectric loss tangent value of the dielectric substrate structure may be 0.0001, 0.05, or any value between 0.0001 and 0.05.

[0050] Optionally, the material of the first dielectric substrate 1 includes any one of quartz, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, fiber-reinforced composite materials or polymer materials.

[0051] Optionally, the material of the second dielectric substrate 2 includes any one of quartz, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, fiber-reinforced composite materials or polymer materials.

[0052] Optionally, the operating frequency band and bandwidth performance of the metamaterial can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the first dielectric substrate 1 and the thickness of the second dielectric substrate 2 .

[0053] In some embodiments, multiple metamaterial structural units are arranged in an array of m rows and n columns, where m and n are both positive integers greater than 1. With this arrangement, the operating frequency band and bandwidth performance of the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial can be adjusted by adjusting the number of metamaterial structural units in each row and / or column.

[0054] Optionally, the numbers of metamaterial structural units in two adjacent rows may be equal or unequal.

[0055] Optionally, the numbers of metamaterial structural units in two adjacent columns may be equal or unequal.

[0056] Optionally, the number of metamaterial structural units in each row is equal to the number of metamaterial structural units in each column. In this embodiment, the array arrangement can achieve impedance matching with free space or other media by optimizing the unit structure and arrangement, reducing electromagnetic wave reflection and improving wave transmittance. By varying the number of rows (m) and columns (n) in the array, the operating frequency, bandwidth, and directivity of the metamaterial can be flexibly adjusted to meet different application requirements.

[0057] Optionally, the number of metamaterial structural units in each row may not be equal to the number of metamaterial structural units in each column.

[0058] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the ceramic structure 3 is between 2 and 10,000, and the dielectric loss tangent is between 0.00001 and 0.1. The wide range of dielectric constants of the ceramic structure 3 allows for multi-band applications, from low to high frequencies (e.g., microwave, millimeter wave, terahertz, etc.). The wide range of dielectric constants and loss tangents of the ceramic structure 3 allows for selection of the appropriate ceramic material based on specific application requirements. By selecting ceramic structures 3 with different dielectric constants, it is possible to control electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies.

[0059] Optionally, the operating frequency band and bandwidth performance of the metamaterial can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the ceramic structure 3 .

[0060] It should be noted that, in the specific embodiment of the present invention, there is no limitation on the shape of the ceramic structure 3 .

[0061] In some embodiments, the ceramic structure 3 is an integrated structure. In other embodiments, the ceramic structure 3 can be a split structure.

[0062] When the ceramic structure 3 is an integrated structure, the cross-section of the ceramic structure 3 can be circular, elliptical, square or rectangular. The longitudinal section of the ceramic structure 3 can be rectangular, trapezoidal or square.

[0063] Optionally, the cross section of the ceramic structure 3 is elliptical and the longitudinal section is rectangular. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The elliptical cylinder shown.

[0064] Optionally, the cross section of the ceramic structure 3 is circular and the longitudinal section is an isosceles trapezoid. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The frustum shown.

[0065] When the ceramic structure 3 is a split structure, the ceramic structure 3 includes at least two split ceramic structures, which are stacked in sequence. With this design, the operating frequency band and bandwidth performance of the metamaterial can be adjusted by adjusting the size parameters of a single split ceramic structure.

[0066] Optionally, the cross-section of the split ceramic structure may be circular, elliptical, square or rectangular. The longitudinal section of the split ceramic structure may be rectangular, trapezoidal or square.

[0067] Optionally, the split ceramic structure has a circular cross section and a rectangular longitudinal section. For example, the split ceramic structure is a cylinder.

[0068] like Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, the ceramic structure 3 includes a first split ceramic structure 31 and a second split ceramic structure 32. The first split ceramic structure 31 and the second split ceramic structure 32 are arranged in a vertical direction, with the first split ceramic structure 31 disposed on the upper side of the second split ceramic structure 32. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first split ceramic structure 31 is different from the cross-sectional area of ​​the second split ceramic structure 32. Specifically, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first split ceramic structure 31 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second split ceramic structure 32.

[0069] In this embodiment, the operating frequency band and bandwidth performance of the metamaterial can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness and radius of the first split ceramic structure 31 and adjusting the thickness and radius of the second split ceramic structure 32 .

[0070] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the first split ceramic structure 31 and the dielectric constant of the second split ceramic structure 32 may be different.

[0071] Optionally, the dielectric loss tangent value of the first split ceramic structure 31 and the dielectric loss tangent value of the second split ceramic structure 32 may be different.

[0072] Optionally, the material of the ceramic structure 3 includes barium titanate composite ceramics added with inorganic substances. For example, the material of the ceramic structure 3 may be barium titanate composite ceramics added with aluminum oxide.

[0073] In summary, the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention, employing a periodic array arrangement and positioning the ceramic structure 3 within the mounting hole of a dielectric substrate structure, can improve the transmittance and impedance matching of the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention can be used to adapt to varying input impedances and also to match the output impedance to a target medium. In other words, even if the input impedance of the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial is adjusted, the output impedance of the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of the present invention will still match the target medium. Optionally, the target medium is air.

[0074] The ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial provided by the present invention can adjust the operating frequency band and bandwidth characteristics of the ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial by adjusting the dimensional parameters of the dielectric substrate structure and the ceramic structure 3, the dielectric parameters, and the arrangement mode and unit period of the metamaterial structural units. The ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial can cover multiple electromagnetic bands such as the L-band, S-band, C-band, X-band, Ku-band, K-band, Ka-band, V-band, W-band, and millimeter-wave band, with a frequency range of 1 GHz to 300 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength range of 1 mm to 300 mm in vacuum.

[0075] The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial provided by the present invention has a simple structure. Compared with conventional microwave-band wave-transmitting metamaterials, it does not require complex metal patterns or lumped components and has a high degree of integration.

[0076] The ceramic-based wave-transparent metamaterial of the present invention has no strict requirements for its constituent materials. Therefore, the difficulty and cost of processing and preparation can be reduced by selecting materials with good process compatibility. Appropriate dielectric materials can also be selected based on the operating wavelength and operating scenario. For example, in aerospace radome applications, the radome must withstand extremely high operating temperatures and harsh environmental conditions. Therefore, when selecting materials, consideration should be given to components with high temperature resistance, ablation resistance, high strength, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, and high load-bearing capacity, such as braided quartz, aluminum nitride, and silicon nitride, to ensure structural stability in high temperatures and complex environments.

[0077] A specific embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the electronic device of this embodiment has at least the above advantages, which will not be described in detail here.

[0078] Optionally, the electronic device includes an impedance converter or a radome.

[0079] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial comprising multiple metamaterial structural units arranged in 8 rows and 8 columns, with no gaps between adjacent metamaterial structural units. The metamaterial structural units comprise a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, and a ceramic structure 3. The first dielectric substrate 1 is mounted on the upper side of the second dielectric substrate 2, and a mounting hole is defined on the lower side of the second dielectric substrate 2. The ceramic structure 3 is an elliptical cylinder formed in the mounting hole, with its lower side flush with the lower side of the second dielectric substrate 2. The array period p of the metamaterial structural units is 6 mm. The first dielectric substrate 1 is made of woven quartz material (thickness h1 is 7 mm) with a dielectric constant of 3.2 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.008; the second dielectric substrate 2 is made of aluminum nitride material (thickness h2 is 7 mm) with a dielectric constant of 8.6 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.0003; the ceramic structure 3 is in the shape of an elliptical cylinder (bottom semi-major axis r is 2.7 mm, bottom semi-minor axis is 2.5 mm, height h3 is 6 mm), and is made of a barium titanate composite ceramic material with aluminum oxide added, with a dielectric constant of 22 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.002.

[0080] Figure 3 Figure 2 shows the wave transmission characteristics of this embodiment at different incident angles in TE mode with a 120 ohm input impedance. For incident electromagnetic waves ranging from 0° to 60°, the transmittance of this embodiment in TE mode reaches over 90% within the 5.1 GHz to 7.4 GHz frequency range. This demonstrates that the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of this embodiment in TE mode has good impedance matching within the 5.1 GHz to 7.4 GHz frequency range.

[0081] Figure 4 Figure 2 shows the wave transmission characteristics of this embodiment in TM mode at different incident angles with a 120 ohm input impedance. For incident electromagnetic waves ranging from 0° to 60°, the transmittance of this embodiment in TM mode reaches over 90% within the frequency range of 4.7 GHz to 7.2 GHz. This demonstrates that the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of this embodiment in TM mode has good impedance matching within the frequency range of 4.7 GHz to 7.2 GHz.

[0082] Example 2 like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, this embodiment provides a ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial comprising multiple metamaterial structural units arranged in 8 rows and 8 columns, with no gaps between adjacent metamaterial structural units. The metamaterial structural units comprise a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, and a ceramic structure 3. The first dielectric substrate 1 is mounted on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 2, and a mounting hole is defined on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 2. The ceramic structure 3 is truncated cone-shaped and formed in the mounting hole, with its lower surface flush with the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 2. The array period p of the metamaterial structural units is 6 mm. The first dielectric substrate 1 is made of woven quartz material (thickness h1 is 3 mm) with a dielectric constant of 8 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.001. The second dielectric substrate 2 is made of aluminum nitride material (thickness h2 is 10 mm) with a dielectric constant of 3.2 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.008. The ceramic structure 3 is truncated cone-shaped (upper base radius r1 is 1.5 mm, lower base radius r2 is 2.75 mm, and thickness h3 is 2.3 mm), and is made of a barium titanate composite ceramic material with aluminum oxide added, with a dielectric constant of 22 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.002.

[0083] Figure 7 Figure 2 shows the wave transmission characteristics of this embodiment at different incident angles in TE mode with an 80 ohm input impedance. For incident electromagnetic waves in the TE mode with an angle of 0° to 60°, the transmittance of this embodiment in the 2.4 GHz to 3.0 GHz frequency range exceeds 90%. This also demonstrates that the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of this embodiment in the TE mode has good impedance matching in the 2.4 GHz to 3.0 GHz frequency range.

[0084] Figure 8 The following curves show the wave transmission characteristics of this embodiment at different incident angles in TM mode with an 80 ohm input impedance. Within the incident electromagnetic wave range of 0° to 60°, the transmittance of this embodiment in TM mode reaches over 90% within the frequency range of 1.9 GHz to 3.0 GHz. This also demonstrates that the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of this embodiment in TM mode has good impedance matching within the frequency range of 1.9 GHz to 3.0 GHz.

[0085] Example 3 like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, this embodiment provides a ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial comprising multiple metamaterial structural units arranged in 8 rows and 8 columns, with no gaps between adjacent metamaterial structural units. The metamaterial structural units comprise a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, and a ceramic structure 3. The first dielectric substrate 1 is disposed on the upper side of the second dielectric substrate 2, and a mounting hole is defined on the lower side of the second dielectric substrate 2. The ceramic structure 3 comprises a first split ceramic structure 31 and a second split ceramic structure 32. The first and second split ceramic structures 31, 32 are arranged in a vertical direction, with the first split ceramic structure 31 disposed on the upper side of the second split ceramic structure 32. The first and second split ceramic structures 31, 32 are integrally formed in the mounting hole, and the lower side of the second split ceramic structure 32 is flush with the lower side of the second dielectric substrate 2. The array period p of the metamaterial structural units is 7 mm. The first dielectric substrate 1 is made of woven quartz material with a dielectric constant of 3.2 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.008 (thickness h1 of 7.8 mm); the second dielectric substrate 2 is made of aluminum nitride material with a dielectric constant of 8.6 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.0003 (thickness h2 of 9.2 mm); the first split ceramic structure 31 is cylindrical (the upper base radius r3 and the lower base radius r1 are both 1.8 mm, and the thickness h4 is 3 mm), and the second split ceramic structure 32 is cylindrical (the radius r2 is 3 mm, and the thickness h3 is 0.7 mm). Both the first split ceramic structure 31 and the second split ceramic structure 32 are made of a barium titanate composite ceramic material with an aluminum oxide addition, with a dielectric constant of 10 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.008.

[0086] Figure 11 Figure 2 shows the wave transmission characteristics of this embodiment at different incident angles in TE mode with a 120 ohm input impedance. For incident electromagnetic waves in the TE mode with an angle of 0° to 60°, the transmittance of this embodiment in the 5.9 GHz to 6.9 GHz frequency range exceeds 90%. This also demonstrates that the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of this embodiment in the TE mode has good impedance matching in the 5.9 GHz to 6.9 GHz frequency range.

[0087] Figure 12 The following curves show the wave transmission characteristics of this embodiment at different incident angles in TM mode with a 120 ohm input impedance. For incident electromagnetic waves in the 0° to 60° range, the transmittance of this embodiment in TM mode reaches over 90% within the 3.0 GHz to 6.9 GHz frequency range. This also demonstrates that the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial of this embodiment in TM mode has good impedance matching within the 3.0 GHz to 6.9 GHz frequency range.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial, characterized in that: Comprising a plurality of metamaterial structural units; the plurality of metamaterial structural units are arranged in a periodic array; The metamaterial structural unit comprises: A dielectric substrate structure, wherein the dielectric substrate structure is provided with a mounting hole; A ceramic structure (3) is arranged in the mounting hole.

2. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array period p of the metamaterial structural unit is less than half the wavelength of the operating frequency.

3. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate structure is 1 to 25, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0001 to 0.

05.

4. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the ceramic structure (3) is 2 to 10000, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.00001 to 0.

1.

5. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of metamaterial structural units are arranged in an array of m rows and n columns, where m and n are positive integers both greater than 1.

6. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic structure (3) comprises at least two split ceramic structures; the split ceramic structures are stacked in sequence.

7. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate structure comprises: A first dielectric substrate (1); A second dielectric substrate (2) is provided on one side of the first dielectric substrate (1) along a first direction, and the mounting hole is provided on the other side of the second dielectric substrate (2); the material of the first dielectric substrate (1) is different from the material of the second dielectric substrate (2).

8. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial is used to adapt to input impedances of different sizes and to match output impedance with a target medium.

9. The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate structure and the ceramic structure (3) are coaxially arranged.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial comprises the ceramic-based wave-transmitting metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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