Plant cultivation method based on net bowl plate and suitable for mechanical transplanting

Abstract

The invention discloses a net bowl plate-based plant cultivation method suitable for mechanical transplanting, the bottom of the net bowl plate is provided with a plurality of bowls arranged vertically and horizontally, the bottoms of the bowls are provided with through holes, the upper sides of the bottoms of the bowls are fixedly provided with bulges, and the bulges are provided with connecting holes communicated with the through holes; comprising the following steps: taking soil, sieving with a sieve, adding a fertilizer into the sieved soil, and mixing for later use; soil is added into all bowls of the net bowl plate, it is ensured that the soil paving depth is consistent, and watering is conducted through a spraying device till the soil in the net bowl plate drips downwards; a plurality of treated plant seeds are sown in the bowls, and then soil is added into the bowls to cover the bowls; the net bowl plates are stacked in a proper place to wait for seedling emergence; watering each tray by using a watering pot on the day of placing the trays, then supplementing water in the morning every day, supplementing water in a water-deficient area at nightfall every day, and transplanting at a proper time; according to the seedlings cultivated through the method, the root system forms a special net type integral structure which is orderly, independent and locally connected, and damage to the root system is greatly reduced during transplanting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seedling cultivation, in particular to a plant cultivation method based on a net pot tray suitable for mechanized transplanting. Background Art

[0002] After years of development, my country's mechanical rice transplanting technology has become highly mature and widely used. Its primary technical principle relies on the rice roots forming a blanket of soil, which is then quickly and orderly cut into pieces by a planting device for planting. This improved model has also been applied to the mechanical transplanting of rapeseed in dryland areas. The planting device cuts the blanket of seedlings in an orderly and controllable vertical manner. However, in current mainstream seedling cultivation methods, the roots of the seedlings grow horizontally and chaotically within the seedling tray. This mismatch inevitably leads to root damage during the cutting process.

[0003] Therefore, while ensuring the efficiency of transplanting operations, reducing root damage caused by cutting is the key to solving the above problems. Currently, most research focuses on improving planting devices, while ignoring the advantages of agronomic control. There is an urgent need for a cultivation method to solve the problem of root damage during seedling transplanting in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the existing plant seedling cultivation, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that after using the existing seedling tray to grow seedlings, the root system of the cultivated plant seedlings is particularly susceptible to damage when transplanting; after using the present invention to grow plant seedlings, the root system forms a special net-like overall structure that is both orderly independent and partially connected, which solves the contradiction between the orderly and repetitive cutting operation of the seedling needles of the blanket seedling transplanter and the disordered interwoven distribution of the blanket seedling roots.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a plant cultivation method based on a mesh pot tray suitable for mechanized transplanting, wherein the bottom of the mesh pot tray is provided with a plurality of pots arranged vertically and horizontally, the bottom of the pots is provided with through holes, and a protrusion is fixed on the upper side of the bottom of the pot, and a connecting hole connected to the through hole is opened on the protrusion; the method comprises the following steps: S1. Take the surface soil of the cultivated land and pass it through a sieve. Then add fertilizer to the sieved soil and mix it evenly for later use. S2. Add soil to each bowl of the net pot tray, ensuring that the soil is spread to a uniform depth, and use a sprinkler to water the net pot tray until the soil in the net pot tray drips downwards. S3, sowing a number of processed plant seeds in each bowl, and then adding soil to each bowl to cover; S4. Stack the net pots neatly in a suitable place. After the seedlings emerge, place the seedling trays on a flat ground with sufficient light and good drainage. S5. Use a sprinkler to water each tray on the day of tray placement, then add water every morning, and add water to the water-deficient areas in the evening until the appropriate time for transplanting.

[0007] In this application, the longitudinal length of the seedling tray is much greater than the transverse length; when using the net pot tray to raise seedlings of plants such as rice or rapeseed, for the existing technology, the root integrity after transplanting is higher, the root damage is greatly reduced, the seedling acclimatization period is shortened, and the growth after planting is accelerated.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on the net bowl tray of the present invention, a plurality of bowls in the longitudinal direction are provided with longitudinal connecting grooves for longitudinally connecting two adjacent bowls.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on the net pot tray of the present invention, wherein: in the middle several groups of longitudinal connecting grooves, two adjacent longitudinal connecting grooves in the longitudinal direction are staggered in the transverse direction.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on the net bowl tray of the present invention, a plurality of bowls in the transverse direction are provided with transverse connecting grooves for connecting two adjacent bowls in transverse direction.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the plant cultivation method based on the net pot tray suitable for mechanized transplanting of the present invention, when rice is cultivated, in step S1, the fertilizer is a soluble nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 1m 3 1 kg of soluble compound fertilizer is added to the sieved soil; in step S2, the distance between the surface layer of soil and the top of the net pot is 0.3 to 0.5 cm; in step S3, the top surface of the soil after covering with soil is lower than the height of the top of the net pot; in step S5, the plants are watered sufficiently 2 days before transplanting and then prepared for planting.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a mesh tray according to the present invention, when cultivating rapeseed, in step S5, when the rapeseed reaches the 3-leaf stage, the daily watering amount is reduced to 70%-80% of the original amount for 3 consecutive days, and then the watering amount is restored to normal, and the rapeseed is transplanted into the field one week later.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the plant cultivation method based on the net pot tray suitable for mechanized transplanting of the present invention, in step S1, the fertilizer is powdered ammonium sulfate, 1m 3 Add 0.8kg fertilizer to the soil.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: although the net pot tray used in the present invention has a simple structure, the root system of the seedlings cultivated by the present invention forms a special net-like integral structure that is both orderly independent and partially connected, that is, a conjoined pot seedling. The seedlings cultivated by the present invention well solve the contradiction between the orderly and repetitive cutting operation of the seedling needles of the blanket seedling transplanter and the all-round disordered interweaving distribution of the blanket seedling root system. The adaptive cutting of the seedling needles ensures the strict positioning of the cutting blocks and the pot holes; when the cultivated seedlings are removed from the net pot tray, the root system of the seedlings is not easily damaged, which significantly improves the survival rate of transplanting; during the seedling cultivation process, when the root system grows downward, When encountering a protrusion, the roots will change their growth direction and will not grow downward through the through hole. When the seedlings are grabbed after the seedling cultivation is completed, the roots of the seedlings are not easily broken, and the seedling cultivation effect is good; the two adjacent longitudinal connecting grooves in the longitudinal direction are staggered in the transverse direction. This structure can increase the connection strength of the root network structure, and reduce the loss of roots during the cutting process, and the root structure of the pot body is more complete (if the longitudinal connecting grooves are not staggered and are in the same straight line, the roots are more likely to grow in two or more connected pot holes, so that the adjacent pot-shaped root structures are easily pulled and damaged during cutting); it can be applied to the cultivation of plants such as seedlings or rapeseed seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. Among them: Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A local enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 4 The local three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A local enlarged structural diagram of point B in the middle.

[0020] Figure 6 The local three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 7 This is a photo of the roots growing down at the bottom of the net pot tray after using the net pot tray of the present invention to raise seedlings.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a photo of the roots at the bottom of the second seedling raising tray after raising seedlings using the second seedling raising tray in the prior art.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a photo of the roots at the bottom of the first seedling raising tray after seedlings were raised using the first seedling raising tray in the prior art.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a photo of taking out the rice seedlings after raising them using the net pot tray of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a photo of taking out the seedlings after raising them using the second seedling raising tray in the prior art.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a photo of taking out the seedlings after raising them using the first seedling raising tray in the prior art.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a photo of the roots growing down from the bottom of the net pot tray after the rape seedlings were cultivated using the net pot tray of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 14 This is a photo of the roots at the bottom of the second seedling tray after rapeseed seedlings were cultivated using the second seedling tray in the prior art.

[0029] Figure 15 This is a photo of the roots at the bottom of the first seedling tray after rapeseed seedlings were cultivated using the first seedling tray in the prior art.

[0030] Figure 16 This is a photo of taking rapeseed seedlings after raising seedlings using the net pot tray of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 17 This is a photo of taking rapeseed seedlings after raising seedlings using the second seedling raising tray in the prior art.

[0032] Figure 18 This is a photo of taking rapeseed seedlings after raising seedlings using the first seedling raising tray in the prior art.

[0033] In the figure: 100 seedling tray, 101 bowl, 1011 protrusion, 1011-1 connecting hole, 1012 longitudinal connecting groove, 1013 transverse connecting groove, 1014 through hole, 102 supporting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0037] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides a plant cultivation method based on a mesh tray suitable for mechanized transplanting, which can greatly improve the integrity of the root structure of the plant seedlings and reduce the root damage of the plant seedlings after transplanting.

[0038] A plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a net pot tray, wherein the bottom of the net pot tray is provided with a plurality of bowls arranged vertically and horizontally, the bottom of the bowls is provided with through holes, a protrusion is fixed to the upper side of the bottom of the bowl, and a connecting hole connected to the through hole is opened on the protrusion, a plurality of bowls in the longitudinal direction are provided with longitudinal connecting grooves that connect two adjacent bowls in the longitudinal direction, in a plurality of groups of longitudinal connecting grooves in the middle, two adjacent longitudinal connecting grooves in the longitudinal direction are staggered in the transverse direction, and a plurality of bowls in the transverse direction are provided with transverse connecting grooves that connect two adjacent bowls in the transverse direction; the method comprises the following steps: S1. Take the surface soil of the cultivated land and pass it through a sieve. Then add fertilizer to the sieved soil and mix it evenly for later use. S2. Add soil to each bowl of the net pot tray, ensuring that the soil is spread to a uniform depth, and use a sprinkler to water the net pot tray until the soil in the net pot tray drips downwards. S3, sowing a number of processed plant seeds in each bowl, and then adding soil to each bowl to cover; S4. Stack the net pots neatly in a suitable place. After the seedlings emerge, place the seedling trays on a flat ground with sufficient light and good drainage. S5. On the day of placing the seeds, use a spray device (which is a prior art, such as a watering can) to water each plate, then add water every morning, and add water to the water-deficient areas in the evening until the appropriate time for transplanting.

[0039] In this application, the longitudinal length of the seedling tray is much greater than the transverse length; when using the net pot tray to raise seedlings of plants such as rice or rapeseed, compared with the existing technology, the root integrity after transplanting is higher, the root damage is greatly reduced, the seedling acclimatization period is shortened, and the growth after planting is accelerated.

[0040] Example 1: Reference Figures 1 to 7 and Figure 10 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, is based on the previous embodiment and can realize the cultivation of seedlings.

[0041] A plant cultivation method based on a net pot tray suitable for mechanized transplanting, wherein the bottom of the net pot tray is provided with a plurality of pots arranged vertically and horizontally, the bottom of the pots is provided with a through hole, a protrusion is fixed on the upper side of the bottom of the pot, the protrusion is preferably hollow cylindrical, and a connecting hole connected to the through hole is opened on the protrusion, a plurality of pots in the longitudinal direction are provided with longitudinal connecting grooves that connect two adjacent pots in the longitudinal direction, in a plurality of groups of longitudinal connecting grooves in the middle, two adjacent longitudinal connecting grooves in the longitudinal direction are staggered in the transverse direction, and a plurality of pots in the transverse direction are provided with transverse connecting grooves that connect two adjacent pots in the transverse direction; the method comprises the following steps: S1. Take the surface soil of cultivated land and sieve it. Add soluble nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer to the sieved soil. 3 Add 1kg of soluble compound fertilizer to the sieved soil, mix well and set aside; S2. Add nutrient soil to each bowl of the net pot tray. After adding nutrient soil, the top surface of the covering soil is 0.3 to 0.5 cm lower than the height of the top of the net pot tray. Ensure that the depth of the soil is consistent. Use a sprinkler to water the net pot tray with the soil leveled until the soil in the net pot tray drips downwards. S3. Sow 2-5 treated rice seeds in each pot (when the rice seeds are conventional rice, sow 3-5 seeds; when the rice seeds are hybrid rice, sow 2-3 seeds. In this embodiment, conventional japonica rice Nanjing 9108 is used as the experimental variety, and 4 seeds are sown in each pot hole). Then, add soil to each pot to cover it; S4. Stack the net pots neatly in a place with a warm and flat ground. After the seedlings emerge, place the seedling tray in a place with a flat ground, sufficient light and smooth drainage. S5. Water each tray with a watering can on the day of tray placement, then add water every morning, and water the water-deficient areas appropriately in the evening. Water them sufficiently 2 days before transplanting and prepare for planting.

[0042] The length in the horizontal direction is relatively short, and the several horizontal connecting grooves in each row are arranged in a straight line. During the seedling raising process, the roots will simultaneously pass through the horizontal connecting grooves and grow to the next bowl. The combined arrangement of the longitudinal connecting grooves and the horizontal connecting grooves makes the roots of the seedlings after raising the seedlings present a staggered network structure (such as Figure 10 As shown), the root system is firm and not easy to break, which facilitates machine transplanting in the later stage and helps improve the quality of transplanting.

[0043] from Figure 7 It can be seen from the figure that the rice seedlings grown using this embodiment are rarely pricked. Figure 10It can be seen that the root system of the seedlings is not damaged after taking them out. The roots are independent of each other and connected together. The root structure is more complete, which facilitates the orderly cutting of the planting device in the later stage and reduces the loss of the root system during the cutting process.

[0044] Comparative Example 1: Reference Figures 7 to 12 , is the first comparative example of the present invention, which is based on the first embodiment. There are two types of seedling trays in the prior art, which are named the first seedling tray and the second seedling tray for the convenience of description. The first seedling tray is a structure used in traditional technology. The seedling tray is an ordinary flat tray with an upward seedling tray sink. The bottom of the first seedling tray is arranged with a plurality of through holes; the second seedling tray is based on the improved structure of the first seedling tray. The bottom of the second seedling tray is provided with a plurality of bowls arranged vertically and horizontally, and the bottom of the bowl is provided with a through hole. In the longitudinal and transverse directions, connecting grooves are provided between adjacent two bowls, and the connecting grooves in the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction are arranged in a straight line. The specific seedling raising steps are similar to those in Example 1.

[0045] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 Whether the first or second seedling tray is used to cultivate seedlings, the roots of the seedlings will be seriously rooted at the bottom of the seedling tray during the cultivation process. Figure 11 and Figure 12 When the seedlings were taken, the root system of the seedlings was severely damaged due to the roots going down. When the first seedling tray was used to cultivate the seedlings, the root damage was particularly serious. In addition, after cutting, the roots were scattered and the amount of soil was small.

[0046] It can be clearly seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 that the seedlings cultivated using the present invention use less nutrient soil than those cultivated using the first seedling tray, while also ensuring that the root structure of the seedlings is intact, relatively independent and partially connected, which is conducive to the orderly cutting of the seedlings by the planting device, and significantly reduces root damage. Compared with the seedlings cultivated using the second seedling tray, the seedlings cultivated using the present invention have very little root growth through the holes at the bottom of the tray. When the seedlings are removed from the tray, the pot-shaped structure is intact, the root system is less damaged, the root system carries a large amount of soil, and the seedlings are more likely to survive.

[0047] Example 2: Reference Figure 13 and Figure 16 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, is based on the first embodiment and can realize the cultivation of rapeseed seedlings.

[0048] A plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a net pot tray, wherein the bottom of the net pot tray is provided with a plurality of bowls arranged vertically and horizontally, the bottom of the bowls is provided with through holes, a protrusion is fixed to the upper side of the bottom of the bowl, and a connecting hole connected to the through hole is opened on the protrusion, a plurality of bowls in the longitudinal direction are provided with longitudinal connecting grooves that connect two adjacent bowls in the longitudinal direction, in a plurality of groups of longitudinal connecting grooves in the middle, two adjacent longitudinal connecting grooves in the longitudinal direction are staggered in the transverse direction, and a plurality of bowls in the transverse direction are provided with transverse connecting grooves that connect two adjacent bowls in the transverse direction; the method comprises the following steps: S1. Take the surface soil of cultivated land and sieve it. Add soluble nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer to the sieved soil. 3 Add 1kg of soluble compound fertilizer to the sieved soil, mix well and set aside; S2. Add nutrient soil to each bowl of the net pot tray. After adding nutrient soil, the top surface of the covering soil is flush with the top of the net pot tray to ensure that the soil depth is consistent. Use a sprinkler to water the net pot tray with the soil leveled until the soil in the net pot tray drips downwards. S3, sow two treated rapeseed seeds in each bowl, then add soil to each bowl to cover it, making the soil surface level and slightly higher than the bowl hole; S4. Stack the net pots neatly in a place with a warm and flat ground. After the seedlings emerge, place the seedling tray in a place with a flat ground, sufficient light and smooth drainage. S5. Water each tray with a watering can on the day of tray placement, then add water every morning, and water the water-deficient areas appropriately in the evening. When the tray reaches the 3-leaf stage, reduce the daily watering amount to 70%-80% of the original amount for 3 consecutive days, then return to normal, and transplant into the field after one week.

[0049] from Figure 13 It can be seen from the figure that the rapeseed seedlings grown using this embodiment rarely pierce the ground. Figure 16 It can be seen that the root system of the seedlings is not damaged after taking them out. The roots are independent of each other but connected together. The root structure is more complete, which is convenient for the orderly cutting of the planting device in the later stage, reduces the loss of the root system during the cutting process, and significantly improves the survival rate of transplanted plants.

[0050] Comparative Example 2: Reference Figures 13 to 18 , which is the second comparative example of the present invention, is based on the second embodiment, and the two comparison seedling trays used in this comparative example are the same as those in comparative example 1.

[0051] The specific seedling raising steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0052] refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 Whether you use the first or second seedling tray to cultivate rapeseed seedlings, the roots of the rapeseed seedlings will be seriously rooted at the bottom of the seedling tray during the cultivation process. Figure 17 and Figure 18 When taking the seedlings, the root system of the rapeseed seedlings is seriously damaged due to the downward movement of the roots, especially when the first seedling tray is used to cultivate the rapeseed seedlings, the root damage is particularly serious; in addition, during the cutting process, the roots are more likely to grow in two or more connected holes, which will increase the associated soil.

[0053] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant cultivation method based on a mesh pot tray suitable for mechanized transplanting, wherein the bottom of the mesh pot tray is provided with a plurality of pots arranged vertically and horizontally, and the bottom of the pots is provided with through holes, characterized in that: A protrusion is fixed on the upper side of the bottom of the bowl, and a connecting hole communicating with the through hole is opened on the protrusion; The following steps are included: S1. Take the surface soil of the cultivated land and pass it through a sieve. Then add fertilizer to the sieved soil and mix it evenly for later use. S2. Add soil to each bowl of the net pot tray, ensuring that the soil is spread to a uniform depth, and use a sprinkler to water the net pot tray until the soil in the net pot tray drips downwards. S3, sowing a number of processed plant seeds in each bowl, and then adding soil to each bowl to cover; S4. Stack the net pots neatly in a suitable place. After the seedlings emerge, place the seedling trays on a flat ground with sufficient light and good drainage. S5. Use a sprinkler to water each tray on the day of tray placement, then add water every morning, and add water to the water-deficient areas in the evening until the appropriate time for transplanting.

2. The plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a mesh tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of bowls in the longitudinal direction are provided with longitudinal connecting grooves for connecting two adjacent bowls in the longitudinal direction.

3. The plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a mesh tray according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the middle groups of longitudinal communicating grooves, two adjacent longitudinal communicating grooves in the longitudinal direction are staggered in the transverse direction.

4. The plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a mesh tray as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of bowls in the transverse direction are provided with transverse connecting grooves for connecting two adjacent bowls in the transverse direction.

5. The plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a mesh tray according to claim 4, characterized in that: When cultivating rice, in step S1, the fertilizer is a soluble nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 1m 3 1 kg of soluble compound fertilizer is added to the sieved soil; in step S2, the distance between the surface layer of soil and the top of the net pot is 0.3 to 0.5 cm; in step S3, the top surface of the soil after covering with soil is lower than the height of the top of the net pot; in step S5, the plants are watered sufficiently 2 days before transplanting and then prepared for planting.

6. The plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a mesh tray as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: When cultivating rapeseed, in step S5, when the rapeseed reaches the 3-leaf stage, the daily watering amount is reduced to 70%-80% of the original amount for 3 consecutive days, and then the watering amount is restored to normal. After one week, the rapeseed is transplanted into the field.

7. The plant cultivation method suitable for mechanized transplanting based on a mesh tray according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, the fertilizer is powdered ammonium sulfate, 1m 3 Add 0.8kg fertilizer to the soil.

Images