A structural formula catalyst and its application

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of catalysts, and particularly relates to a structural formula catalyst and application thereof. The structural formula catalyst comprises a catalyst active component, a high-wetting anti-corrosion polymer layer and a corrugated partition layer. The catalyst active component is loaded in fibers on the surface of the polymer layer by means of impregnation coating. Based on the wetting property of the polymer layer, a flowing liquid film is formed on the surface of the polymer layer. The thickness of the liquid film is adjusted by adjusting the wetting property of the polymer layer, so as to control the catalytic reduction reaction process and improve the selectivity of the reaction. The polymer layer and the corrugated partition layer are arranged at intervals, and a polymer layer coated with the catalyst active component is arranged on each side of the corrugated partition layer. The structural formula catalyst provided by the application utilizes the wetting principle to control the entire catalytic reaction process from multiple angles, so as to improve the selectivity of the catalytic reaction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of catalysts, and particularly relates to a catalyst with a structural formula and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Chemical reactions require reactant molecules to reach a certain energy level, i.e., activation energy. Catalysts can reduce the activation energy of chemical reactions, making it easier for reactant molecules to reach the activated state, changing the course of the reaction, providing a lower-activation-energy path for the reaction, and thus speeding up the reaction rate. Because catalysts can reduce the activation energy of the reaction, the reaction can be carried out under lower temperature, pressure, and other conditions. Without a catalyst, many reactions need to be carried out under extreme conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, because high temperature and high pressure can provide enough energy to the reactant molecules to overcome the high activation energy. The addition of a catalyst changes the thermodynamic and kinetic conditions of the reaction, reducing the energy input required for the reaction. Catalysts have specific active sites and structures that can make the reaction proceed in the desired direction. For complex reaction systems, there may be multiple reaction channels, generating different products. Catalysts can selectively adsorb reactant molecules, change the configuration of reactant molecules, and other ways to make the reaction mainly along the channel that generates the target product.

[0003] The selectivity of a catalyst refers to the ability of the catalyst to promote the generation of target products while suppressing the occurrence of side reactions. In industrial catalysis, energy conversion, environmental protection, and fine chemical industry, high-selectivity catalysts are crucial for improving reaction efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and reducing waste emissions. Current research on the activity of catalysts has made great breakthroughs, but research on the selectivity of catalysts has been stagnant. For complex heterogeneous catalyst reactions, it is impossible to provide selectivity and achieve directional catalytic reduction. The selectivity of a catalyst is often strongly affected by reaction conditions such as temperature, pressure, and reactant concentration. When the reaction conditions change, the selectivity of the catalyst may decrease sharply, although the catalyst can improve the selectivity of the reaction, many catalysts still cannot achieve complete selectivity, and in complex reaction systems, multiple by-products may be produced.

[0004] In summary, many currently used catalysts have the following technical problems:

[0005] In complex reaction systems, the selectivity of the catalyst is low.

[0006] There are few means to improve the selectivity of the catalyst.

[0007] In complex reaction systems, the selectivity of the catalyst is low, and directional reduction cannot be achieved. SUMMARY

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application provides a structural catalyst and application thereof.

[0009] In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the application provides the following technical solutions.

[0010] A structural catalyst, comprising a catalyst active component, a high-wetting anti-corrosion polymer layer and a corrugated partition layer.

[0011] The catalyst active component is loaded in the fibers on the surface of the polymer layer by means of impregnation coating, and based on the wetting property of the polymer layer, a flowing liquid film is formed on the surface of the polymer layer by a reaction liquid; the thickness of the liquid film is adjusted by adjusting the wetting property of the polymer layer, so as to control the catalytic reduction reaction process and improve the selectivity of the reaction.

[0012] The polymer layer and the corrugated partition layer are arranged at intervals, and on both sides of each corrugated partition layer, a polymer layer coated with a catalyst active component is arranged.

[0013] Further, the adjusting method of the wetting property of the polymer layer comprises:

[0014] The wetting property of the polymer layer is adjusted by changing the roughness of the fiber surface of the polymer layer.

[0015] Different fibers are used to make polymer layers with different contact angles, so as to adjust the wetting property of the polymer layer.

[0016] A substance containing a hydrophilic group is brushed on the surface of the polymer layer, so as to adjust the wetting property of the polymer layer.

[0017] Further, when the wetting property of the polymer layer is adjusted by changing the roughness of the fiber surface of the polymer layer, the preparation method of the polymer layer is:

[0018] Any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide and isophthalic acid is used to prepare superfine fibers, the superfine fibers are spread into a net, and needling process treatment is performed, so as to change the roughness of the fiber surface in the polymer layer, change the surface tension of the polymer layer, and adjust the wetting property of the polymer layer.

[0019] Further, when different fibers are used to make polymer layers with different contact angles, so as to adjust the wetting property of the polymer layer, the preparation method of the polymer layer is:

[0020] The ultra-fine fiber is prepared by using any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, and isophthalic acid, and the ultra-fine fiber is spread into a net to prepare a polymer layer; wherein the polymer layer with different contact angles is prepared by adjusting the proportions of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, and isophthalic acid, and then the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted.

[0021] Further, when the surface of the polymer layer is brushed with a substance containing a hydrophilic group, and then the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted, the preparation method of the polymer layer is:

[0022] The ultra-fine fiber is prepared by using any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, and isophthalic acid, and the ultra-fine fiber is spread into a net to prepare a polymer layer; wherein the polymer layer with different contact angles is prepared by adjusting the proportions of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, and isophthalic acid, and then the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted.

[0023] Further, in the polymer layer, the length of the ultra-fine fiber is 5mm-20mm, and the diameter is 5μm-40μm; the thickness of the polymer layer is 0.5mm-3mm; the contact angle of the polymer layer ranges from 40-80°, and the critical surface tension is 60-140mN / m;

[0024] The grammage of the polymer layer is 150g / m 2 Above, 1.5g or more of liquid is absorbed per gram of the polymer layer; the corrosion rate of the polymer layer is less than or equal to 0.01mm / year.

[0025] Further, the method for loading the catalyst active component in the fiber on the surface of the polymer layer comprises:

[0026] The catalyst slurry is prepared by using the selected catalyst active component raw powder as raw material, the polymer layer is immersed and coated in the catalyst slurry, and the polymer layer after immersion and coating is naturally aired, dried, and calcined to obtain a polymer layer loaded with a catalyst;

[0027] The raw materials required for preparing the catalyst slurry include 50-500 parts by mass of water, 10-150 parts by mass of catalyst active component, 3-30 parts by mass of thickening agent, 5-80 parts by mass of binder, 5-80 parts by mass of auxiliary agent, 50-400 parts by mass of porous carrier and 2-8 parts by mass of weak base agent;

[0028] The method for preparing the catalyst slurry is as follows: 50-500 parts by mass of water, 10-150 parts by mass of catalyst active component, 3-30 parts by mass of thickening agent, 5-80 parts by mass of binder and 5-80 parts by mass of auxiliary agent are sequentially weighed and mixed to form a catalyst raw powder solution; the catalyst raw powder solution, 50-400 parts by mass of porous carrier and 2-8 parts by mass of weak base agent are mixed to form the catalyst slurry;

[0029] The viscosity of the catalyst slurry is controlled to be 20-50 mPa·s.

[0030] In the present application, the binder is used to enhance the loading effect of the catalyst slurry to ensure that the catalyst particles are firmly attached to the fiber surface, the heat resistance and high specific surface area of the binder are combined to enhance the anchoring effect of the catalyst and the fiber, the bonding strength and catalytic activity are optimized, the auxiliary agent can prevent the catalyst from agglomeration, the slurry remains stable, and the slurry is prevented from stratification; the thickening agent increases the viscosity of the system by hydrogen bonding with water molecules, has good rheological control ability, is suitable for stable suspension of the catalyst slurry, prevents the catalyst particles from settling, increases the viscosity of the slurry, improves the catalyst coating loading capacity, and prevents the catalyst from falling off the carrier;

[0031] In the present application, the viscosity of the adsorbent slurry needs to be strictly controlled, the viscosity needs to be moderate, the viscosity is controlled to be 20-50 mPa·s, and the loading capacity of the final structure is controlled to be 180-370 kg / m 3 ; If the viscosity of the slurry is too high, the flowability of the slurry is very poor, and the slurry cannot be uniformly coated on the polymer layer; if the viscosity of the slurry is too low, the amount of slurry loaded on the polymer layer carrier is very low, resulting in low loading capacity and poor catalytic effect.

[0032] After impregnation, a large amount of slurry will be attached to the surface and inside of the polymer layer, and the slurry has flowability, so the purpose of vertically and naturally airing the impregnated polymer layer for a period of time is to let the slurry not loaded on the polymer layer flow out naturally, uniformly loaded in the fibers on the surface of the polymer layer, and avoid the slurry from accumulating in the fibers, which will affect the catalytic effect;

[0033] The purpose of drying is to dry and remove the moisture inside the polymer layer, so that the overall strength is higher, and the polymer layer is prevented from being damaged and powdering due to bumping and the like;

[0034] The raw material added in the preparation of the slurry contains part of organic glue, and the calcination is to burn off the organic glue in the carrier, so as to provide more attachment sites for the catalyst and increase the catalytic effect; since the catalyst slurry has been loaded on the polymer layer, the polymer layer still has strength after calcination.

[0035] Further, the corrugated separator layer is made of any one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, and polysulfone, and the corrugated separator layer comprises a plurality of corrugated units connected in sequence.

[0036] The width of each corrugated unit in the corrugated separator layer is 1-6 mm, the thickness is 0.3-2 mm, and the height is 1-20 mm.

[0037] Further, the structural catalyst is in a roll-type cylindrical structure or a stacked cubic structure.

[0038] The application of the structural catalyst uses structural catalysts with different wetting degrees to adjust the gradient wetting and further control the catalytic selectivity; specifically, the structural catalysts with different wetting degrees are stacked to achieve the effect of adjusting the catalytic selectivity.

[0039] The technical principle of the present application is that the active component of the catalyst is loaded on the surface of the polymer layer with high wetting resistance and corrosion resistance, the wetting of the polymer layer is used to control the heterogeneous catalytic reduction reaction process, and the selectivity of the catalytic reaction is improved; the principle of improving the selectivity is that the active component of the catalyst is loaded in the fiber of the polymer layer to form unevenly distributed catalytically active sites, which is beneficial to the heterogeneous catalytic reaction process. The structural catalyst provided by the present application can be applied to the heterogeneous catalytic reaction process, including gas-liquid-solid and liquid-solid.

[0040] Taking the gas-liquid-solid three-phase catalytic reaction process as an example, the active component of the catalyst is loaded in the interior of the polymer layer, and the liquid is on the surface of the polymer layer; due to the wetting of the polymer layer, a flowing liquid film is formed; because the liquid film is on the surface of the catalytic site, the gas needs to transport through the liquid film to reach the catalytic site to react; by adjusting the wetting, the thickness of the liquid film can be controlled, and the transport rate of the gas through the membrane can be controlled, the reaction process can be controlled, and the selectivity of the catalytic reaction can be improved. The liquid film further enhances the flowability of the liquid, so that the generated product can be carried away in time and not be over-reacted, thereby improving the selectivity of the reaction.

[0041] The way of regulating the solid phase includes adjusting the pore size of the corrugated partition layer; the honeycomb pore provides flow channels for gas and liquid, and with the change of the size, the gas space velocity and liquid space velocity also change, and the time of liquid and gas reaching the catalytic interface is also different, so the whole reaction process can be regulated. By adjusting the appropriate size, the sufficient reaction of the liquid amount and the gas amount is controlled, the target product obtained is not over-reacted, and the selectivity of the reaction is improved.

[0042] The regulation of the liquid phase includes the wettability of the polymer layer, and the appropriate liquid space velocity is regulated by the wettability, and under the premise of ensuring the catalytic efficiency, the target product obtained can be taken away in time, and the selectivity of the whole reaction is improved.

[0043] The regulation of the gas phase can regulate the gas space velocity and the gas-liquid co-current or counter-current mode, and according to the needs of the reaction, the gas space velocity is adjusted, or if the reduction gas is too fast, the product will be over-reduced, the concentration of the target product is low, and the catalytic selectivity is low, and if the reduction gas is too slow, the catalytic efficiency cannot be ensured. The thickness of the liquid film can be regulated by adjusting the wettability of the polymer layer, and then the gas transmembrane transport rate is controlled, the reaction process is controlled, and the selectivity of the catalytic reaction is improved.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0045] The structural formula catalyst provided by the present application is coupled by loading the catalyst active component on the high-wettability polymer layer and the corrugated partition layer, the high wettability of the polymer layer can ensure that the catalyst slurry is uniformly distributed on the polymer layer, enhance the catalytic effect, regulate the whole catalytic reaction process from multiple angles by using the wettability principle, and improve the selectivity of the catalytic reaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the corrugated partition layer in the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a thermogravimetric analysis curve in the embodiment 12 of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a thermogravimetric analysis curve in the embodiment 13 of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the polymer layer and the corrugated partition layer in the embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a wettability regulation mechanism diagram of the polymer layer in the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the catalytic tower in the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Reference numerals: 1. Polymer layer; 2. Corrugated partition layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present application, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. If the reagents or instruments used are not specified by the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be purchased on the market.

[0054] The catalytic tower is a core industrial reactor for gas-liquid-solid or liquid-solid heterogeneous catalytic reaction, widely used in the fields of petroleum refining, chemical synthesis, waste gas treatment, etc. Its design aims to efficiently contact the reactants and catalysts to achieve high conversion rate and selectivity. At present, most of the catalysts have low selectivity, and how to improve the selectivity of the catalysts is a key problem to be solved. There are few means to improve the selectivity, and the present application proposes a structural catalyst, which uses wetting to control the catalytic reaction process, and adjusts the wettability from multiple aspects by modifying the material, and improves the selectivity of the catalyst from multiple angles by using the wettability. The structural catalyst includes a catalyst active component, a high-wettability corrosion-resistant polymer layer, and a corrugated partition layer;

[0055] The catalyst active component is loaded in the fibers on the surface of the polymer layer by impregnation coating means, and based on the wettability of the polymer layer, the reaction liquid forms a flowing liquid film on the surface of the polymer layer; by adjusting the wettability of the polymer layer to control the thickness of the liquid film and then control the catalytic reduction reaction process, the selectivity of the reaction is improved; as shown in Figure 5

[0056] The polymer layer and the corrugated partition layer are arranged at intervals, and a polymer layer coated with a catalyst active component is arranged on both sides of each corrugated partition layer.

[0057] Specifically, the method for adjusting the wettability of the polymer layer includes:

[0058] By changing the roughness of the fiber surface of the polymer layer, the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted;

[0059] Different fibers are used to make polymer layers with different contact angles, so as to adjust the wettability of the polymer layer;

[0060] ​The surface of the polymer layer is coated with a substance containing a hydrophilic group, thereby adjusting the wettability of the polymer layer.

[0061] Specifically, when the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted by changing the roughness of the fiber surface of the polymer layer, the method for preparing the polymer layer is:

[0062] The superfine fibers are prepared using any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, and isophthalic acid, spread into a net, and subjected to a needle punching process to change the roughness of the fiber surface in the polymer layer, thereby changing the surface tension of the polymer layer and adjusting the wettability of the polymer layer.

[0063] Specifically, when the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted by using different fibers to prepare polymer layers with different contact angles, the method for preparing the polymer layer is:

[0064] The superfine fibers are prepared using all types of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, and isophthalic acid, and the ratio of polypropylene 5-20 wt%, polyethylene 10-25 wt%, polyethylene terephthalate 10-20 wt%, polyvinyl chloride 10-30 wt%, polytetrafluoroethylene 5-20 wt%, polycarbonate 10-15 wt%, polyamide 2-10 wt%, and isophthalic acid 5-20 wt% is used to prepare superfine fibers with mixed hydrophilicity, spread into a net, and prepare a polymer layer; wherein the ratio of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, and isophthalic acid is adjusted to prepare polymer layers with different contact angles, thereby adjusting the wettability of the polymer layer.

[0065] Specifically, when the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted by coating the surface of the polymer layer with a substance containing a hydrophilic group, the method for preparing the polymer layer is:

[0066] The ultra-fine fiber is prepared by using any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide and m-phenylenediamine, the ultra-fine fiber is spread into a net, and a substance containing a hydrophilic group is brushed; then, catalyst coating is carried out; the amount of the hydrophilic group substance is controlled by coating to adjust the wettability of the polymer layer; the substance containing the hydrophilic group includes one or more of isopropyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, formamide, ethyl lactate, polyether modified silicone oil and sodium alginate; wherein the ether modified silicone oil can introduce a hydrophilic polyether segment (such as PEG) to endow the fiber with moisture absorption; the sodium alginate is a natural polysaccharide with good hydrophilicity; the sodium alginate is ion exchanged with calcium ions in the fiber to form a gel, which is coated on the surface of the fiber, so that the hydrophilicity of the fiber can be significantly enhanced.

[0067] In the polymer layer preparation process, the operation of spreading the ultra-fine fiber into a net is specifically as follows: the net spreading speed is set to 100-500 m / min, and the roller gap is set to 0.05-0.3 mm to form a uniform net structure of the ultra-fine fiber net; the ultra-fine fiber net is repeatedly punctured by a needle with barbs or is impacted by high-pressure fine water flow to entangle the fibers in the ultra-fine fiber net, so that a polymer layer with high wettability and corrosion resistance is obtained.

[0068] Specifically, in the polymer layer, the length of the ultra-fine fiber is 5 mm-20 mm, and the diameter is 5 μm-40 μm; the thickness of the polymer layer is 0.5 mm-3 mm; the contact angle of the polymer layer ranges from 40 to 80°, and the critical surface tension is 60-140 mN / m.

[0069] The grammage of the polymer layer is 150 g / m 2 Above, 1.5 g or more of liquid is absorbed per gram of the polymer layer; and the corrosion rate of the polymer layer is less than or equal to 0.01 mm / year.

[0070] In the present application, the ultra-fine fiber in the polymer layer contains a large number of hydrophilic groups -OH or oxygen-containing groups; when the polymer layer and the liquid are in contact, the liquid molecules can quickly enter the interior of the polymer layer material under the guidance of the hydrophilic groups or oxygen-containing groups, and then spread downward under the action of gravity; the liquid molecules above also continuously enter the interior of the material, and are driven by capillary force to better uniformly spread, and finally completely wet the entire material under the cooperation of Brownian diffusion, so that a uniform water film is formed on the surface of the polymer layer, and the reaction rate is improved.

[0071] The thickness of the polymer layer plays an important role in the effect of the polymer layer; when the thickness is too thick, the effective contact area of the polymer layer with the reactor will be reduced in the same volume, the reaction effect will be reduced, and when the thickness is too thin, a uniform water film cannot be formed, and the reaction effect will also be reduced.

[0072] Specifically, the method for loading the catalyst active component in the fibers on the surface of the polymer layer comprises:

[0073] The catalyst slurry is prepared by using the selected catalyst active component raw powder as raw material, the polymer layer is immersed in the catalyst slurry for dip coating, and the polymer layer after the dip coating is naturally air-dried, dried and calcined to obtain the polymer layer loaded with the catalyst.

[0074] The metal active component and the metal oxide in the catalyst active component are selected by product selectivity control, reactant adsorption-activation ability and synergistic effect of the carrier. The determination of the catalyst active component is a conventional technique, which can be selected according to the specific reaction process.

[0075] The raw materials required for preparing the catalyst slurry include, by mass fraction, 50-500 parts of water, 10-150 parts of the catalyst active component, 3-30 parts of a thickening agent, 5-80 parts of a binder, 5-80 parts of an auxiliary agent, 50-400 parts of a porous carrier and 2-8 parts of a weak alkali agent.

[0076] The method for preparing the catalyst slurry comprises: sequentially weighing, by mass fraction, 50-500 parts of water, 10-150 parts of the catalyst active component, 3-30 parts of a thickening agent, 5-80 parts of a binder and 5-80 parts of an auxiliary agent, mixing and stirring to form a catalyst raw powder solution; and mixing and stirring the catalyst raw powder solution, 50-400 parts of a porous carrier and 2-8 parts of a weak alkali agent to form the catalyst slurry.

[0077] The viscosity of the catalyst slurry is controlled to be 20-50 mPa·s.

[0078] The first stirring is to mix the catalyst raw powder, the thickening agent, the binder and the auxiliary agent to form the catalyst raw powder solution, and the second stirring is to load the catalyst raw powder solution on the porous carrier. If only one stirring is used, the auxiliary agent may be excessively loaded in the porous carrier, resulting in uneven loading of the catalyst.

[0079] Specifically, the thickening agent is any one of methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; the binder is any one of aluminum sol, polyvinyl alcohol, metal alkoxide and silica sol; and the auxiliary agent is any one of ethylenediamine, ammonia water, isopropyl alcohol amine and monoethanolamine.

[0080] The porous carrier is any one of alumina, activated carbon, zeolite molecular sieve and silicon dioxide. The porous carrier has a high specific surface area, can load more catalyst, has high mechanical strength and good thermal stability, and will not destroy the structure of the carrier during subsequent coating and sintering.

[0081] Specifically, the weak base reagent includes any one of ammonia, triethanolamine, and ethylenediamine; the weak base reagent functions to adjust pH, disperse particles, stabilize slurry, or promote film formation.

[0082] Specifically, the time for placing the polymer layer into the catalyst slurry for dip coating is 10-40 min; the polymer layer after dip coating is naturally air-dried for 1-24 h, dried at a temperature of 100-250℃ for 1-10 h, and calcined at a temperature of 200-450℃ for 2-40 h to obtain a polymer layer loaded with catalyst.

[0083] Specifically, the corrugated separator layer is prepared from any one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, and polysulfone, and the corrugated separator layer comprises a plurality of corrugated units connected in sequence.

[0084] Each corrugated unit in the corrugated separator layer has a width of 1-6 mm, a thickness of 0.3-2 mm, and a height of 1-20 mm.

[0085] Specifically, the preparation method of the corrugated separator layer comprises:

[0086] Any one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, and polysulfone particles is dried by baking to remove water, melt-extruded, shaped in a cooling water tank with a water temperature of 10-25℃, and formed into a corrugated separator.

[0087] The drying condition is 80-100℃ for 2-4 h; the barrel temperature of the screw extruder is 190-260℃, and the die temperature is 210-280℃.

[0088] Specifically, the melt-extruded melt passes through a corrugated layer structure, the corrugated layer is pressed into a wave shape by a designed corrugated roller, and is compounded with upper and lower flat layers in a mold. Then it is shaped in a cooling water tank with a water temperature of 10-25℃ to form a corrugated separator. When any one or more of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polysulfone (PSU) particles is used, they can be mixed in any proportion.

[0089] Specifically, the structural formula catalyst as a whole is a roll-type cylindrical structure or a stacked cubic structure.

[0090] The application also provides a structure formula catalyst and a use thereof, and the catalytic selectivity is adjusted by using structure formula catalysts with different wetting degrees.

[0091] In order to study the influence of the components of the polymer layer in the structure formula catalyst on the wetting, the thermal stability of the polymer layer, the corrosion, the influence of the modification on the wetting and the selectivity, the influence of the catalytic effect of the structure formula catalyst, and the catalytic effect of the structure formula catalyst provided by the application, the following implementation examples are provided.

[0092] The preparation method of the polymer layer comprises the following steps: 15wt% of polypropylene (PP), 17wt% of polyethylene (PE), 15% of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), 15wt% of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), 10wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), 10wt% of polycarbonate (PC), 2wt% of polyamide (PA), and 16wt% of isophthalic acid (IPA) are mixed according to the mass ratio, the fiber bundle is broken into a single fiber state by an opener to reduce clumping, the broken fibers are melted by a screw extruder, the super-fine fibers with a diameter of 5-40μm and a fiber length of 5mm-20mm are obtained by extruding the filaments through a melt pump and a spinneret, and finally the super-fine fibers are solidified by cooling air; the laying speed is set to 100-500 m / min, the nip gap is set to 0.05-0.3 mm, and the super-fine fibers with a uniform net structure are formed.

[0093] 100g of the prepared material is immersed in a beaker filled with water, and after 10 minutes, the material is taken out and the surface water is wiped off, and then the weight is measured to be 487.8g.

[0094] In this embodiment, the other operation steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and the difference lies in that the raw material ratio selected in this embodiment is 15wt% of polypropylene (PP), 18wt% of polyethylene (PE), 11% of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), 16wt% of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), 14wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), 10wt% of polycarbonate (PC), 3wt% of polyamide (PA), and 13wt% of isophthalic acid (IPA); 100g of the prepared material in this embodiment is immersed in a beaker filled with water, and after 10 minutes, the material is taken out and the surface water is wiped off, and then the weight is measured to be 443.1g.

[0095] Embodiment 3: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that the raw material ratio selected in this embodiment is polypropylene (PP) 15wt%, polyethylene (PE) 16wt%, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 15%, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 14wt%, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 12wt%, polycarbonate (PC) 10wt%, polyamide (PA) 5wt%, isophthalic acid (IPA) 13wt%. 100g of the material prepared in this embodiment is soaked in a beaker filled with water, and after 10 minutes, the material is taken out and the surface water is wiped off. The weight is measured again as 452.8g.

[0096] Embodiment 4: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that the raw material ratio selected in this embodiment is polypropylene (PP) 10wt%, polyethylene (PE) 20wt%, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 10%, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 18wt%, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 16wt%, polycarbonate (PC) 6wt%, polyamide (PA) 12wt%, isophthalic acid (IPA) 8wt%. 100g of the material prepared in this embodiment is soaked in a beaker filled with water, and after 10 minutes, the material is taken out and the surface water is wiped off. The weight is measured again as 247.6g.

[0097] Embodiment 5: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that the raw material ratio selected in this embodiment is polypropylene (PP) 15wt%, polyethylene (PE) 14wt%, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 14%, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 14wt%, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 12wt%, polycarbonate (PC) 10wt%, polyamide (PA) 6wt%, isophthalic acid (IPA) 13wt%. 100g of the material prepared in this embodiment is soaked in a beaker filled with water, and after 10 minutes, the material is taken out and the surface water is wiped off. The weight is measured again as 465.4g.

[0098] Embodiment 6: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that only one kind of fiber polypropylene (PP) is selected for hydrophilic treatment of its surface, and a silicone oil surfactant is added. 100g of the material prepared is soaked in a beaker filled with water, and after 10 minutes, the material is taken out and the surface water is wiped off. The weight is measured again as 468.1g.

[0099] Embodiment 7: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that only one kind of fiber, polyethylene (PE), is selected to perform the hydrophilic treatment on the surface thereof, and a sodium alginate coating is sprayed on the surface of the fiber. 100 g of the prepared material is immersed in a beaker filled with water, and after 10 min, the material is taken out and the water on the surface thereof is wiped off. The weight of the material is measured to be 472.3 g.

[0100] Embodiment 8: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that only one kind of fiber, isophthalic acid (IPA), is selected to perform the hydrophilic treatment on the surface thereof, and a needle punching process is performed to change the roughness of the surface of the fiber. Then, the polymer layer is prepared. 100 g of the prepared material is immersed in a beaker filled with water, and after 10 min, the material is taken out and the water on the surface thereof is wiped off. The weight of the material is measured to be 484.6 g.

[0101] Table 1: Results of the immersion experiment of Embodiments 1-8

[0102]

[0103] Through a large number of experiments, it is found that the optimal ratio of the polymer layer is polypropylene PP 13-18 wt%, polyethylene PE 14-18 wt%, polyethylene terephthalate PET 11-16 wt%, polyvinyl chloride PVC 14-16 wt%, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE 10-14 wt%, polycarbonate PC 10-12 wt%, polyamide PA 2-6 wt%, and isophthalic acid IPA 10-16 wt%. In addition, the roughness of the surface of the fiber of the polymer layer can be changed, different fibers can be used to prepare the polymer layer with different contact angles, and a substance containing a hydrophilic group can be brushed on the surface of the polymer layer, so as to adjust the contact angle and the wettability. The contact angle of the prepared polymer layer is greatly reduced, the hydrophilicity of the material is increased, and the wettability is improved. In addition, any one of polypropylene PP, polyethylene PE, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, polycarbonate PC, polyamide PA, and isophthalic acid IPA can be used to prepare superfine fibers, and the superfine fibers obtained are subjected to surface hydrophilic treatment. The prepared polymer layer can also achieve the same effect.

[0104] Embodiment 9: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 4, except that a substance containing a hydrophilic group, such as isopropyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, formamide, and ethyl lactate, is brushed on the polymer layer obtained in Embodiment 4 to adjust the wettability. The contact angle measured by the contact angle measuring instrument is 64°, and the critical surface tension is 95.

[0105] Embodiment 10: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 4, except that the fiber obtained in Embodiment 4 is subjected to a needling process to change the fiber surface roughness, and then a polymer layer is formed. The contact angle is 71° and the critical surface tension is 81, as measured by a contact angle measuring instrument.

[0106] Table 2 is the experimental results of Embodiments 4, 9-10

[0107]

[0108] Through experimental comparison, under the same polymer preparation conditions, the contact angle can be reduced and the critical surface tension can be increased by brushing a substance containing a hydrophilic group or changing the fiber surface roughness. The smaller the contact angle, the greater the critical surface tension, and the better the wettability of the material.

[0109] Embodiment 11: In this embodiment, 3.9 mg of the material in Embodiment 7 is subjected to thermal gravimetric analysis, and the temperature rising rate is set to 10°C / min. As shown in FIG. 11, it can be seen from the thermal gravimetric analysis curve that the mass of the polymer layer does not decrease before 350°C, and the mass loss rate reaches the maximum at 450°C. Therefore, the thermal stability of the polymer layer of the present application is high before 350°C. Figure 3

[0110] Embodiment 12: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 11, except that the temperature rising rate is set to 20°C / min. Figure 4 Thermal gravimetric analysis experimental results of Embodiment 9:

[0111] It can be seen from the thermal gravimetric analysis curve that the mass of the polymer layer of the present application does not decrease until 400°C when the temperature rising rate is increased to 20°C / min, and the mass loss rate reaches the maximum at 450°C.

[0112] Embodiment 13: In this embodiment, the material in Embodiment 7 is cleaned and dried, and then the initial mass is weighed to be 1.530 g. Then the material is completely soaked in a 37% hydrochloric acid solution (room temperature) while keeping the temperature constant. After seven days of soaking, the surface corrosion products are removed, and then the material is dried and weighed to be 1.527 g. The corrosion rate is 0.008.

[0113] Embodiment 14: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 13, except that 1.530 g of Raschig ring, a commonly used packing in a washing tower, is cleaned and dried, and then the material is completely soaked in a 37% hydrochloric acid solution (room temperature) while keeping the temperature constant. After seven days of soaking, the surface corrosion products are removed, and then the material is dried and weighed to be 1.524 g. The corrosion rate is 0.016. Compared with the conventional Raschig ring packing, the corrosion rate of the polymer layer of the present application is generally reduced, and the corrosion resistance is greatly improved.​

[0114] Embodiment 15: A preparation method of the structural formula catalyst comprises the following steps: taking 200 parts of water, 12.5 parts of thickening agent, 50 parts of binder and 55 parts of auxiliary agent by mass fraction, mixing and stirring to form an aqueous solution; mixing the obtained catalyst aqueous solution with 150 parts of sample No. 1 and 3 parts of weak base reagent, and mechanically stirring for 5-20 h to obtain a catalyst slurry with a viscosity of 35 mPa·s;

[0115] The polymer layer is cut into a desired shape, and the cut polymer layer is placed into a muffle furnace and programmed to heat to 100-250℃ for pretreatment for 5-10 h; the pretreated polymer layer is placed into the adsorbent slurry for immersion coating for 5-30 min; the immersed polymer layer is naturally air-dried for 1-24 h, dried at a temperature of 100-250℃ for 1-10 h, and calcined at a temperature of 200-450℃ for 2-40 h, and finally a structural formula catalyst of sodium nitrate with a loading capacity of 330 kg / m 3 is obtained. The structural formula catalyst prepared in this embodiment is placed in a catalytic tower (as shown in Figure 6 ).

[0116] Embodiment 16: 50 g of the structural formula catalyst obtained in Embodiment 15 is used to catalytically reduce a sodium nitrate solution with a volume of 1 L and a concentration of 2.1 mol / L, and after 2 h, the catalytic efficiency is 92.4%.

[0117] Embodiment 17: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 16, except that 50 g of the lacrimal ring catalyst is used to catalytically reduce a sodium nitrate solution with a volume of 1 L and a concentration of 2.1 mol / L, and after 2 h, the catalytic efficiency is 86.7%.

[0118] Embodiment 18: In this embodiment, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polysulfone (PSU) polymer particles are mixed and dried (80-100℃, 2-4 hours). Then, melt extrusion is performed with a barrel temperature of 190-260℃ and a die temperature of 210-280℃. Finally, the material is shaped into a regular wave shape in a cooling water tank (water temperature 10-25℃) to obtain a corrugated partition layer. The pore size of each wave unit in the corrugated partition layer is 1 mm-6 mm, the thickness is 0.3 mm-2 mm, and the height is 1 mm-20 mm.

[0119] The corrugated partition layer obtained in this embodiment is combined with the material obtained in Embodiment 13 to form a structural formula catalyst, which is used to catalytically reduce a sodium nitrate solution with a volume of 1 L and a concentration of 2.1 mol / L, and after 2 h, the catalytic efficiency of sodium nitrate is 94.4%.

[0120] Example 19: The other operation steps in this example are the same as those in Example 1, except that the polymer layer prepared is first coated with a hydrophilic group, and then the preferred catalyst is loaded by coating and impregnation, to prepare a structural formula catalyst, which is used to catalytically reduce a 1 L volume of 2.1 mol / L sodium nitrate solution, and after 2 h, the contact angle is measured to be 62°, the catalytic efficiency of sodium nitrate is 90.2%, and the catalytic selectivity is 90.8%.

[0121] Example 20: The other operation steps in this example are the same as those in Example 19, except that the method of improving wettability is different, and the fiber surface is changed in roughness by needle punching process before the polymer layer is prepared, and the other operation steps are the same as those in Example 1, to prepare a structural formula catalyst, which is used to catalytically reduce a 1 L volume of 2.1 mol / L sodium nitrate solution, and after 2 h, the contact angle is measured to be 66°, the catalytic efficiency of sodium nitrate is 89.7%, and the catalytic selectivity is 91.8%.

[0122] Example 21: The other operation steps in this example are the same as those in Example 19, except that the polymer layer prepared in Example 1 is used to load the catalyst, to prepare a structural formula catalyst, which is used to catalytically reduce a 1 L volume of 2.1 mol / L sodium nitrate solution, and after 2 h, the contact angle is measured to be 58°, the catalytic efficiency of sodium nitrate is 91.2%, and the catalytic selectivity is 91.0%.

[0123] Example 22: The other operation steps in this example are the same as those in Example 19, except that a conventional granular catalyst is used to catalytically reduce a 1 L volume of 2.1 mol / L sodium nitrate solution, and after 2 h, the contact angle is measured to be 82°, the catalytic efficiency of sodium nitrate is 91.2%, and the catalytic selectivity is 72%.

[0124] Table 3 is the experimental results of Examples 19-22

[0125]

[0126] The catalytic reduction of sodium nitrate is a two-stage catalytic reduction reaction, first catalytic reduction of sodium nitrate to sodium nitrite at the catalytic site, and then sodium nitrite is continuously catalytically reduced to ammonia and nitrogen. In this embodiment, the catalytic reduction of sodium nitrate to sodium nitrite is taken as an example. The catalytic efficiency is calculated by the concentration of sodium nitrate before and after the reaction, and the catalytic selectivity is calculated by the concentration of sodium nitrate before the reaction and the reaction product sodium nitrite. As can be seen, the contact angle of the catalyst surface can be significantly improved by the above three methods. The smaller the contact angle, the more hydrophilic the catalyst, the better the wetting performance. Under the condition of ensuring the same catalytic efficiency, the selectivity of the catalytic process is higher, the concentration of the product is greatly improved, and directional catalytic reduction is realized.

[0127] Embodiment 23: Preparation of a structural formula catalyst for catalytic reduction of perchlorate salt. The preparation method of the structural formula catalyst in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 15, except that the catalyst active component is replaced by Pd-Re noble metal to prepare a catalyst for catalytic reduction of perchlorate salt.

[0128] The catalytic reduction of perchlorate salt is a two-stage catalytic reduction reaction, first catalytic reduction of perchlorate salt to sodium chlorate at the catalytic site, and then sodium chlorate is continuously catalytically reduced to chloride. In this embodiment, the catalytic efficiency and catalytic selectivity of sodium chlorate are calculated.

[0129] Embodiment 24: In this embodiment, a conventional granular Pd-Re noble metal catalyst is used to catalytically reduce a 1L volume of 1.7mol / L concentration perchlorate salt solution for 2h, and the catalytic efficiency of perchlorate salt is measured to be 85.6%, and the catalytic selectivity is 76%.

[0130] Embodiment 25: In this embodiment, the other operation steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, except that the prepared polymer layer is first brushed with a layer of hydrophilic group, and then Pd-Re noble metal catalyst is loaded by coating and impregnation to prepare a structural formula catalyst. Catalytic reduction of a 1L volume of 1.7mol / L concentration perchlorate salt solution for 2h, and the catalytic efficiency of perchlorate salt is measured to be 87.6%, and the catalytic selectivity is 89%.

[0131] Embodiment 26: In this embodiment, the other operation steps are the same as those in embodiment 25, except that the method of improving the wettability is different. The roughness of the fiber surface is changed by needle punching process before preparing the polymer layer. The other operation steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and a structural formula catalyst is prepared. Catalytic reduction of a 1L volume of 1.7mol / L concentration perchlorate salt solution for 2h, and the catalytic efficiency of perchlorate salt is measured to be 89.6%, and the catalytic selectivity is 91%.

[0132] Embodiment 27: The other operation steps in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 25, except that the catalyst is loaded with the polymer layer prepared in Embodiment 1 to prepare a structural formula catalyst, and the catalytic reduction of perchlorate solution with a volume of 1 L and a concentration of 1.7 mol / L is carried out for 2 h. The catalytic efficiency of perchlorate is 87.2%, and the catalytic selectivity is 86%.

[0133] Table 4 is the experimental results of Embodiments 24-27

[0134]

[0135] The catalytic reduction of perchlorate is a hierarchical catalytic reduction. First, perchlorate is catalytically reduced to sodium chlorate under the action of the catalyst. Then, the sodium chlorate is continuously catalytically reduced to chloride. By adjusting the wettability of the catalyst through the above three means, the catalytic reduction reaction process is controlled by the wettability. In the case of ensuring the catalytic efficiency, the selectivity of the catalytic process is higher, the concentration of the target product is greatly improved, and directional catalytic reduction is realized.

[0136] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the aforementioned technical solutions can still be modified or deformed and improved, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A structural formula catalyst characterized by, The structural formula catalyst comprises a catalyst active component, a high-wetting anti-corrosion polymer layer and a corrugated partition layer; The catalyst active component is loaded in the fibers on the surface of the polymer layer by means of impregnation coating, and based on the wetting property of the polymer layer, a flowing liquid film is formed on the surface of the polymer layer by a reaction liquid; the thickness of the liquid film is regulated by adjusting the wetting property of the polymer layer, so as to regulate the catalytic reduction reaction process and improve the selectivity of the reaction; The polymer layer and the corrugated partition layer are arranged in intervals, and a polymer layer coated with the catalyst active component is arranged on each side of the corrugated partition layer; The method for loading the catalyst active component in the fibers on the surface of the polymer layer comprises: The catalyst slurry is prepared by using the selected catalyst active component raw powder as raw material, the polymer layer is immersed in the catalyst slurry for impregnation coating, and the polymer layer after the impregnation coating is naturally aired, dried and calcined to obtain the polymer layer loaded with the catalyst; the raw materials required for preparing the catalyst slurry include, in mass fraction: 50-500 parts of water, 10-150 parts of the catalyst active component, 3-30 parts of a thickening agent, 5-80 parts of a binder, 5-80 parts of an additive, 50-400 parts of a porous carrier and 2-8 parts of a weak alkali reagent; the viscosity of the catalyst slurry is controlled to be 20-50 mPa·s; The method for adjusting the wetting property of the polymer layer comprises: The wetting property of the polymer layer is adjusted by changing the roughness of the fiber surface of the polymer layer; The polymer layer with different contact angles is made of different fibers, so as to adjust the wetting property of the polymer layer; The surface of the polymer layer is brushed with a substance containing a hydrophilic group, so as to adjust the wetting property of the polymer layer; When the wetting property of the polymer layer is adjusted by changing the roughness of the fiber surface of the polymer layer, the preparation method of the polymer layer is as follows: The ultrafine fibers are prepared by using any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide and isophthalic acid, the ultrafine fibers are spread into a net, and needling process treatment is performed, so as to change the roughness of the fiber surface in the polymer layer, change the surface tension of the polymer layer and adjust the wetting property of the polymer layer; When the polymer layer with different contact angles is made of different fibers, so as to adjust the wetting property of the polymer layer, the preparation method of the polymer layer is as follows: The ultra-fine fiber is prepared by using any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide and isophthalic acid, and the mixture of the eight polymers is prepared according to the ratio of 5-20wt% of polypropylene, 10-25wt% of polyethylene, 10-20wt% of polyethylene terephthalate, 10-30wt% of polyvinyl chloride, 5-20wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10-15wt% of polycarbonate, 2-10wt% of polyamide and 5-20wt% of isophthalic acid, so as to obtain the ultra-fine fiber with mixed hydrophilicity, and the ultra-fine fiber is spread into a net to prepare a polymer layer; wherein, the polymer layer with different contact angles is prepared by adjusting the ratio of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide and isophthalic acid, and then the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted; When the surface of the polymer layer is brushed with a substance containing a hydrophilic group, the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted, and the preparation method of the polymer layer is as follows: The ultra-fine fiber is prepared by using any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide and isophthalic acid, and the mixture of the eight polymers is prepared according to the ratio of 5-20wt% of polypropylene, 10-25wt% of polyethylene, 10-20wt% of polyethylene terephthalate, 10-30wt% of polyvinyl chloride, 5-20wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10-15wt% of polycarbonate, 2-10wt% of polyamide and 5-20wt% of isophthalic acid, so as to obtain the ultra-fine fiber with mixed hydrophilicity, and the ultra-fine fiber is spread into a net to prepare a polymer layer; wherein, the polymer layer with different contact angles is prepared by adjusting the ratio of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide and isophthalic acid, and then the wettability of the polymer layer is adjusted; 2. The catalyst according to claim 1, wherein The method for preparing the catalyst slurry is as follows: 50-500 parts by mass of water, 10-150 parts by mass of a catalyst active component, 3-30 parts by mass of a thickening agent, 5-80 parts by mass of a binder and 5-80 parts by mass of an additive are weighed in sequence and mixed and stirred to form a catalyst raw powder solution; The polymer layer has a grammage of 150 g / m 2 Above, the polymer layer absorbs 1.5 g or more of liquid per gram of polymer layer; the polymer layer has a corrosion rate of 0.01 mm / year or less.

3. The catalyst of claim 1, wherein The catalyst raw powder solution, 50-400 parts by mass of a porous substrate and 2-8 parts by mass of a weak alkali reagent are mixed and stirred to form the catalyst slurry. The corrugated separator layer is prepared by using any one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile and polysulfone, and the corrugated separator layer comprises a plurality of corrugated units connected in sequence; 4. The catalyst of claim 1, wherein The width of each corrugated unit in the corrugated separator layer is 1mm-6mm, the thickness is 0.3mm-2mm, and the height is 1mm-20mm. The structural catalyst as a whole is a roll-type cylindrical structure or a stacked cubic structure.

5. The catalyst of claim 1, wherein The structural catalysts with different wettability degrees are used for gradient wettability adjustment to regulate the catalytic selectivity; specifically, the structural catalysts with different wettability degrees are stacked to achieve the effect of catalytic selectivity adjustment.

6. Use of a catalyst of the formula according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that ​

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