Laser cutting equipment for producing and machining mechanical parts

Abstract

The invention provides laser cutting equipment for mechanical part production and machining, and relates to the field of laser cutting technical equipment.The laser cutting equipment comprises a protective turning plate, an observation window is formed in the protective turning plate, a spring clamping plate is arranged below the protective turning plate, a spring and a limiting rod are arranged on the spring clamping plate, and a working platform is arranged below the spring clamping plate; a laser cutting head is arranged below the protective turning plate, a cleaning scraping plate is arranged above the working platform, and oilstone is arranged on the surface, in contact with a workpiece, of the cleaning scraping plate. The gear transmission system drives the rocker mechanism to synchronously act, so that the working platform is automatically turned out to the outer side of the equipment along a preset track, a traditional operation mode of manually pushing and pulling the working platform is completely replaced, and the design thoroughly solves the problem that the working platform needs to be manually adjusted during feeding and discharging, especially for heavy workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and more specifically, relates to a laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical parts production and processing, laser cutting technology has become one of the core processes of precision manufacturing due to its high precision, non-contact processing, and minimal thermal deformation. Its significant advantages in complex surface processing and micro-aperture machining have led to its widespread application in high-end fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and precision instruments. However, as the manufacturing industry develops towards intelligent and flexible processes, existing equipment is gradually exposing multi-dimensional technical bottlenecks in practical applications.

[0003] The current laser cutting equipment has been found to have at least the following technical problems: The protection system and processing system of traditional laser cutting equipment are disconnected. When the protection flap is opened, the work platform cannot execute the flip-out action synchronously. The operator needs to go through the lengthy process of "unlocking protection, manually moving the work platform, loading and unloading, resetting the work platform, and closing protection". For mechanical parts weighing tens of kilograms, manual handling is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but may also cause workpiece collision damage or personal sprain risks due to operational errors. In addition, manual intervention between multiple processes makes it difficult for the production rhythm to match the needs of the automated production line, which can easily cause production capacity loss of the entire production line during assembly line operations. The workpiece positioning system of existing equipment lacks an adaptive adjustment mechanism. Traditional fixtures mostly use fixed slots or pneumatic clamps of a single specification, which can only adapt to workpieces within a specific size range. When switching to small-batch and multi-variety production, the machine needs to be stopped to replace the fixture and recalibrate the center point. The single machine adjustment time can reach tens of minutes, which seriously restricts flexible production efficiency. Manual centering relies on the operator's experience. For precision parts with high symmetry requirements, manual operation errors may cause the cutting trajectory to deviate and the scrap rate to increase. Especially in the processing of thin-walled or special-shaped parts, traditional rigid fixtures are prone to cause workpiece deformation due to uneven clamping force, affecting the final dimensional accuracy. During the laser cutting process, molten metal residues, micro-oxide layers produced by cutting, and cutting fluids, oil stains, and dust particles left over from the previous process are likely to remain on the workpiece surface. Most equipment only performs purging after cutting and cannot pre-treat the oil stains on the workpiece surface, causing the grease to evaporate during cutting and produce harmful gases, affecting the stability of the laser beam. Traditional brushes or compressed air are difficult to remove stubborn oxide films or burrs, and additional electrolytic cleaning or grinding equipment is required, increasing the workshop space and energy consumption costs. Manual cleaning relies on visual inspection, which can easily miss hidden parts, resulting in poor fit during subsequent assembly, and even causing abnormal wear during equipment operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a laser cutting device for the production and processing of mechanical parts to solve the above problems.

[0005] A laser cutting device for producing and processing mechanical parts includes a protective flap, an observation window is provided on the protective flap, a spring clamp is provided below the protective flap, a spring and a limit rod are provided on the spring clamp, a working platform is provided below the spring clamp, a laser cutting head is provided below the protective flap, and a cleaning scraper is provided above the working platform, wherein the contact surface of the cleaning scraper with the workpiece is an oilstone; A lifting mechanism is provided under the protective flap, and the lifting mechanism is used to enable the working platform to be flipped out synchronously when the protective flap is opened. A centering clamping mechanism is provided above the working platform, and the centering clamping mechanism is used to clamp the workpiece and automatically center it when the working platform falls back. A cleaning mechanism is provided above the working platform, and the cleaning mechanism is used to clean impurities and fine burrs remaining on the surface of the workpiece after processing, as well as to clean the surface of the newly installed workpiece to be processed.

[0006] The transmission gear of the present invention is engaged with the transmission gear of the gear of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing of the gearing

[0007] Preferably, the centering clamping mechanism includes a first screw rod, a first spiral groove is provided on both sides of the first screw rod, two second screw rod nuts are provided on the first screw rod, a thread engaged with the first spiral groove is provided in the second screw rod nut, the spring clamp is installed on the second screw rod nut, the cleaning mechanism includes a second screw rod, a second spiral groove is provided on the second screw rod, a first screw rod nut is provided on the second screw rod, a thread engaged with the second spiral groove is provided on the first screw rod nut, and the cleaning scraper is installed on the first screw rod nut.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, a dynamic linkage mechanism between the protective flap and the working platform is constructed by providing a lifting mechanism. When the protective flap is opened, the gear transmission system drives the rocker mechanism to move synchronously, so that the working platform is automatically flipped out to the outside of the equipment along a predetermined trajectory, completely replacing the traditional manual push-pull operation mode of the working platform. This design completely solves the tedious process of manually adjusting the working platform during loading and unloading, especially for heavy workpieces, which can avoid collision damage and personnel fatigue caused by manual handling, significantly improve production efficiency, and reduce safety risks.

[0009] In the present invention, a centering and clamping mechanism is provided, and the transmission characteristics of the screw rod are utilized to realize automatic centering and elastic clamping of the workpiece. The bidirectional screw rod drives the two sets of spring clamps to move synchronously toward each other, and the workpiece can be quickly aligned when the working platform falls back without manual intervention. The elastic structure of the spring clamp can adapt to the changes in the workpiece size within a certain range, and can be compatible with various specifications of parts without replacing the fixture. It is especially suitable for small-batch and multi-variety production scenarios, and significantly shortens the machine adjustment time. At the same time, the elastic clamping force can avoid damage to the workpiece surface by the rigid fixture, thereby improving the clamping reliability of precision parts.

[0010] In the present invention, by providing a cleaning mechanism, an automated surface treatment system covering the entire cutting process is constructed. The cleaning mechanism uses a screw as the driving core to drive the cleaning scraper to perform linear reciprocating motion along the surface of the workpiece. Before cutting, the scraper quickly peels off stubborn impurities such as dust, oil and oxide film on the surface of the workpiece through the grinding effect of the oilstone contact surface, providing a clean base for laser cutting; after cutting, the scraper starts again to accurately clean the molten metal residue and fine burrs remaining on the cutting edge. The high wear resistance and micro-cutting properties of the oilstone material can effectively improve the surface finish of the workpiece. The mechanism is deeply linked with the cutting process, and the cleaning action is automatically triggered as the work platform returns to its position. No manual intervention or additional equipment investment is required. At the same time, the integrated structure avoids secondary contact contamination of the workpiece, significantly improving processing continuity and assembly accuracy, and is particularly suitable for precision parts production scenarios with strict surface quality requirements.

[0011] In the present invention, by providing a gear, screw, and rocker linkage system, the coordinated control and precise coordination of multiple modules of the equipment are achieved. During the opening and closing process of the protective flap, the gear transmission chain synchronously drives the movement of the working platform, the start and stop of the clamping mechanism, and the operation of the cleaning scraper. Each link achieves precise synchronization on the time axis through mechanical linkage. For example, when the protective flap is closed, the working platform returns, the workpiece is clamped, and the surface cleaning is completed synchronously without the need for additional control system coordination, reducing the risk of action lag or interference caused by signal delay. This linkage mechanism improves the degree of automation of the processing flow, and reduces the manual intervention nodes to only the loading and unloading links, significantly improving processing consistency and production efficiency.

[0012] In the present invention, a protective flap observation window is provided to provide the operator with clear and stable cutting monitoring conditions. The observation window is made of high-transmittance acrylic material and forms an integrated structure with the protective flap. It can not only resist the impact of splashes during the cutting process, but also maintain light clarity for a long time, avoiding the defects of traditional glass materials that are easy to scratch and blur. The operator can observe the cutting focus position and trajectory in real time through the window. Combined with the automatic retraction function of the laser cutting head, the cutting quality can be intuitively judged, and the processing deviation caused by blind spots can be effectively reduced. The sealing design of the window strictly follows the laser safety protection standards, and the leakage risk is controlled within the safety level. While ensuring the operator's clear vision, it isolates laser overflow and dust diffusion in all directions, creating a safe and reliable operating environment. It is especially suitable for mechanical parts processing scenarios with high precision and high safety requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working platform structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser cutting head of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective flap structure of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the second gear structure of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the second rocker structure of the present invention; Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the first screw rod structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second screw structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first screw nut structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second screw nut structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This invention Figure 9 A magnified view of the structure at point A; Figure 12 This invention Figure 10 A magnified view of the structure at point B.

[0014] In the figure, the correspondence between the component names and the drawing numbers is: 11. Protective flap; 12. Device housing; 13. Spring clamp; 14. Working platform; 15. Laser cutting head; 21. First gear; 22. First gear transmission belt; 23. Second gear; 24. First transmission shaft; 25. Third gear; 26. Second transmission shaft; 27. Fourth gear; 28. Second gear transmission belt; 29. ​​Fifth gear; 31. Sixth gear; 32. Third transmission shaft; 33. First rocker; 34. Fourth transmission shaft; 35. Second rocker; 36. First screw; 38. Second screw; 39. Cleaning scraper; 41. First screw nut; 42. Second screw nut; 43. First spiral chute; 44. Second spiral chute. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0016] See also Figures 1-12 The present invention provides a laser cutting device for the production and processing of mechanical parts, including a protective flap 11, an observation window made of acrylic plate is opened on the protective flap 11, and the protective flap 11 is used for safety protection of workers. A spring clamp 13 is provided under the protective flap 11, and a spring and a limit rod are provided on the spring clamp 13. The spring and the limit rod on the spring clamp 13 can provide elastic clamping force and adapt to changes in workpiece size. The spring clamp 13 can clamp workpieces of different sizes to be cut within a certain range, so that the center of the workpiece and the center of the fixture are automatically aligned. A working platform 14 is provided under the spring clamp 13, and the working platform 14 is used to place the workpiece to be cut. A laser cutting head 15 is provided under the protective flap 11, and the laser cutting head 15 is used to cut the workpiece. After the processing is completed, the laser cutting head 15 automatically moves backward. A cleaning scraper 39 is provided above the working platform 14, and the contact surface of the cleaning scraper 39 with the workpiece is an oil stone. The working platform 14 is used to remove fine burrs on the surface of the workpiece after processing and clean contaminants, which can improve the surface finish of the workpiece.

[0017] A lifting mechanism is provided under the protective flap 11. The lifting mechanism is used to simultaneously flip out the working platform 14 when the protective flap 11 is opened, which is convenient for taking and installing the workpiece. A centering clamping mechanism is provided above the working platform 14. The centering clamping mechanism is used to clamp the workpiece and automatically center it when the working platform 14 falls back, and is compatible with workpieces of different sizes within a certain range. A cleaning mechanism is provided above the working platform 14. The cleaning mechanism is used to clean impurities and fine burrs remaining on the surface of the workpiece after processing is completed, as well as to clean the surface of the newly installed workpiece to be processed, and remove dust, oil or oxide film it carries.

[0018] In this embodiment, Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the lifting mechanism includes a device housing 12, a first gear 21 is fixedly installed on the protective flap 11, a first gear transmission belt 22 is meshed on the circumferential surface of the first gear 21, a second gear 23 is meshed on the first gear transmission belt 22, a first transmission shaft 24 is provided on the second gear 23, the second gear 23 is mounted on the bottom of the device housing 12 through the first transmission shaft 24, a third gear 25 is meshed on the circumferential surface of the first transmission shaft 24, a second transmission shaft 26 is fixedly installed on the third gear 25, and when the protective flap 11 is opened, the first gear 21 and the second gear 23 are driven to rotate counterclockwise, and the second gear 23 and the third gear 25 are connected. The second transmission shaft 26 rotates counterclockwise, and a fourth gear 27 is provided on the second transmission shaft 26. The circumferential surface of the fourth gear 27 is meshed with a second gear transmission belt 28. The second gear transmission belt 28 is meshed with a fifth gear 29. The second gear transmission belt 28 is meshed with a sixth gear 31. When the fourth gear 27 rotates, the second gear transmission belt 28 drives the fifth gear 29 to rotate synchronously with the third transmission shaft 32. The fifth gear 29 is fixedly mounted with a third transmission shaft 32. The third transmission shaft 32 is rotatably mounted on the device housing 12. Two first rockers 33 are fixedly mounted on the third transmission shaft 32. The other end of the first rocker 33 rotates. The fourth transmission shaft 34 is fixedly mounted on the sixth gear 31, and the fourth transmission shaft 34 is rotatably mounted on the device housing 12. The second rocker 35 is fixedly mounted on the fourth transmission shaft 34, and the second rocker 35 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the working platform 14. When the fourth gear 27 drives the fifth gear 29 and the sixth gear 31 to rotate, the sixth gear 31 drives the fourth transmission shaft 34 and the second rocker 35 to rotate. When the fifth gear 29 rotates, it drives the third transmission shaft 32 and the first rocker 33 to rotate. The first rocker 33 and the second rocker 35 rotate to lift the working platform 14 outside the device housing 12, making it convenient to The workpiece is taken out and the workpiece to be cut is placed on the working platform 14. When the protective flap 11 is closed, the first gear 21 rotates counterclockwise to drive the first gear transmission belt 22 and the first transmission shaft 24 to rotate synchronously. The second transmission shaft 26 drives the third gear 25, the second transmission shaft 26 and the fourth gear 27 to rotate clockwise through engagement. The fourth gear 27 drives the sixth gear 31 and the fifth gear 29 to rotate synchronously through engagement with the second gear transmission belt 28. The sixth gear 31 and the fifth gear 29 drive the first rocker 33 and the second rocker 35 to rotate, so that the working platform 14 moves along a certain trajectory and returns to the inside of the device housing 12.

[0019] In this embodiment, Figure 8 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11When the protective flap 11 is opened, under the action of the threaded groove opened on the first screw rod 36, the second screw nut 42 drives the two sets of spring clamps 13 to move to both sides to release the clamping of the workpiece, thereby facilitating the disassembly of the workpiece.

[0020] In this embodiment, Figure 6 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, the cleaning mechanism includes a second screw rod 38, a second spiral groove 44 is opened on the second screw rod 38, a first screw rod nut 41 is provided on the second screw rod 38, the first screw rod nut 41 is provided with a thread engaged with the second spiral groove 44, and a cleaning scraper 39 is installed on the first screw rod nut 41. When the first rocker 33 drives the second screw rod 38 to rotate, the first screw rod nut 41 drives the cleaning scraper 39 to move horizontally under the action of the second spiral groove 44, and the cleaning scraper 39 cleans the surface of the workpiece on the working platform 14 when it moves.

[0021] Working principle: In the first step, the staff starts the equipment, checks the equipment and then opens the protective flap 11 upwards. At this time, when the protective flap 11 is opened, it drives the first gear 21 to rotate counterclockwise, and the first gear 21 drives the second gear 23 to rotate synchronously through meshing. The second gear 23 drives the third gear 25 to rotate counterclockwise through meshing. The third gear 25 drives the second transmission shaft 26 and the fourth gear 27 installed thereon to rotate counterclockwise. Since the fourth gear 27, the fifth gear 29 and the sixth gear 31 are all meshed on the second gear transmission belt 28, the fourth gear 27 rotates counterclockwise to drive the sixth gear 31 and the fifth gear 29 to rotate counterclockwise as well. Since the fourth transmission shaft 34 is fixedly installed on the sixth gear 31, the sixth gear 31 drives the fourth transmission shaft 34 and the second rocker 35 to rotate counterclockwise synchronously. 32 is fixedly mounted on the first rocker arm 33, and the fifth gear 29 drives the third transmission shaft 32 and the first rocker arm 33 to rotate counterclockwise. The first rocker arm 33 and the second rocker arm 35 rotate counterclockwise to drive the working platform 14 to move to the outside of the device housing 12 along a certain path. At this time, the staff can operate on the working platform 14 more conveniently. While the working platform 14 moves outward, the second rocker arm 35 drives the first screw rod 36 to rotate counterclockwise. The two groups of second screw nuts 42 installed on the first screw rod 36, under the action of the two groups of thread grooves on the first screw rod 36, drive the two groups of spring clamps 13 to move outward at the same time to release the clamping of the workpiece. At the same time, the first rocker arm 33 rotates counterclockwise to drive the second screw rod 38 to rotate, and the first screw nut 41 moves to the other side under the action of the second spiral groove 44 to clean the workpiece.

[0022] In the second step, after the staff has checked the workpiece to be cut, the workpiece is placed on the work platform 14, and then the protective flap 11 is pulled down. The protective flap 11 drives the first gear 21 to rotate clockwise, and the first gear 21 drives the second gear 23 to rotate synchronously through engagement. The second gear 23 drives the third gear 25 to rotate clockwise through engagement, and the third gear 25 drives the second transmission shaft 26 and the fourth gear 27 installed thereon to rotate clockwise. Since the fourth gear 27, the fifth gear 29 and the sixth gear 31 are all engaged with the second gear transmission belt 28, the fourth gear 27 The clockwise rotation drives the sixth gear 31 and the fifth gear 29 to rotate clockwise. Since the fourth transmission shaft 34 is fixedly mounted on the sixth gear 31, the sixth gear 31 drives the fourth transmission shaft 34 and the second rocker 35 to rotate clockwise. Since the third transmission shaft 32 is fixedly mounted on the first rocker 33, the fifth gear 29 drives the third transmission shaft 32 and the first rocker 33 to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of the first rocker 33 and the second rocker 35 drives the working platform 14 to move to the inside of the device housing 12 along the same path, realizing automatic return to facilitate the operation of the staff.

[0023] In the third step, while the working platform 14 moves, the second rocker 35 drives the first screw rod 36 to rotate clockwise. The two sets of second screw nuts 42 installed on the first screw rod 36 drive the two sets of spring clamps 13 to move inward at the same time under the action of the first spiral groove 43 to clamp the workpiece just placed on the working platform 14. At the same time, the first rocker 33 rotates clockwise to drive the second screw rod 38 to rotate. The first screw nut 41 moves to the other side under the action of the threaded groove opened on the second screw rod 38 to clean the surface of the workpiece to be processed, and then the laser cutting head 15 of the device is started to start cutting the workpiece.

[0024] In the fourth step, after the cutting is completed, the laser cutting head 15 automatically moves backward, the first rocker 33 drives the second screw 38 to rotate, and the first screw nut 41 drives the cleaning scraper 39 to move horizontally under the action of the threaded groove opened on the second screw 38. When the cleaning scraper 39 moves, it cleans the surface of the workpiece on the working platform 14 and removes small burrs and contaminants on the surface of the workpiece after processing; when the protective flap 11 is opened again, the first step is repeated, the working platform 14 is flipped out, and the clamping mechanism is released so that the operator can take out the finished product and enter the next processing cycle.

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles of the invention and its practical application and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications as suited for specific applications.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for producing and processing mechanical parts, comprising a protective flap (11), characterized in that: An observation window is provided on the protective flap (11), a spring clamp (13) is provided below the protective flap (11), a spring and a limit rod are provided on the spring clamp (13), a working platform (14) is provided below the spring clamp (13), a laser cutting head (15) is provided below the protective flap (11), a cleaning scraper (39) is provided above the working platform (14), and the contact surface of the cleaning scraper (39) with the workpiece is an oil stone; A lifting mechanism is provided below the protective flap (11), and the lifting mechanism is used to enable the working platform (14) to be turned out synchronously when the protective flap (11) is turned over. A centering clamping mechanism is provided above the working platform (14), and the centering clamping mechanism is used to clamp the workpiece and automatically center it when the working platform (14) falls back. A cleaning mechanism is provided above the working platform (14), and the cleaning mechanism is used to clean impurities and fine burrs remaining on the surface of the workpiece after processing is completed, and to clean the surface of the newly installed workpiece to be processed.

2. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism comprises a device housing (12), a first gear (21) is fixedly mounted on the protective flap (11), and a first gear transmission belt (22) is meshed with a circumferential surface of the first gear (21).

3. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second gear (23) is meshed with the first gear transmission belt (22), a first transmission shaft (24) is provided on the second gear (23), and the second gear (23) is mounted on the bottom of the device housing (12) via the first transmission shaft (24).

4. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third gear (25) is meshed with the circumferential surface of the first transmission shaft (24), a second transmission shaft (26) is fixedly mounted on the third gear (25), and a fourth gear (27) is provided on the second transmission shaft (26).

5. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circumferential surface of the fourth gear (27) is meshed with a second gear transmission belt (28), the second gear transmission belt (28) is meshed with a fifth gear (29), and the second gear transmission belt (28) is meshed with a sixth gear (31).

6. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third transmission shaft (32) is fixedly mounted on the fifth gear (29), the third transmission shaft (32) is rotatably mounted on the device housing (12), and two first rockers (33) are fixedly mounted on the third transmission shaft (32).

7. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The other end of the first rocker (33) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the working platform (14); a fourth transmission shaft (34) is fixedly mounted on the sixth gear (31); the fourth transmission shaft (34) is rotatably mounted on the device housing (12); a second rocker (35) is fixedly mounted on the fourth transmission shaft (34); and the second rocker (35) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the working platform (14).

8. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The centering clamping mechanism comprises a first screw rod (36), first spiral grooves (43) are provided on both sides of the first screw rod (36), and two second screw rod nuts (42) are provided on the first screw rod (36).

9. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second screw nut (42) is provided with a thread that engages with the first spiral groove (43), and the spring clamp (13) is mounted on the second screw nut (42).

10. The laser cutting equipment for producing and processing mechanical parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism comprises a second screw rod (38), the second screw rod (38) is provided with a second spiral groove (44), the second screw rod (38) is provided with a first screw rod nut (41), the first screw rod nut (41) is provided with a thread engaged with the second spiral groove (44), and the cleaning scraper (39) is mounted on the first screw rod nut (41).

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