Deep foundation pit multi-mode drill bushing switching mechanism and anchor rod linkage locking device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deep foundation pit supporting, in particular to a deep foundation pit multi-mode drill bushing switching mechanism and an anchor rod linkage locking device. The switching mechanism comprises a switching assembly, a rotary cutting module and a punching module which are arranged on the mounting frame, the locking device comprises a locking flaring assembly and an abutting assembly which are arranged on the anchor rod, the locking flaring assembly is provided with a locking rod which is in transmission connection with the inner drill bushing, a grouting hole is formed in the mounting position of the locking rod, and a pressure sensing device is arranged on the outer drill bushing. A second transmission gear is fixedly installed on the outer drill bushing, a first transmission gear is fixedly installed on the top of the anchor rod, the bottom of the anchor rod is in threaded connection with the inner drill bushing through threads, a center drill bit is further arranged at the bottom of the anchor rod, a lifting ring is fixedly arranged at the top end of the inner drill bushing, a cutting edge is arranged at the bottom end of the outer drill bushing, and a punching head is arranged at the bottom end of the outer drill bushing. The rotary cutting and punching device can be automatically and rapidly switched between a rotary cutting mode and a punching mode, a grouting hole can be protected before drilling in place, the supporting force of the anchor rod can be increased, and the grouting effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of deep foundation pit support, and in particular to a deep foundation pit multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and an anchor rod linkage locking device. Background Art

[0002] During the excavation of deep foundation pits, continuous support and reinforcement of the sidewalls or slopes is required to ensure structural stability. Soil nail walls, a commonly used retaining structure for foundation pits, are widely used in deep foundation pit excavation projects due to their simple construction method, adaptability to the pit shape, and minimal construction site requirements. This structure primarily utilizes hollow grouting anchors, which stabilize the pit structure by drilling holes into the anchors and injecting grouting into the hollow areas.

[0003] However, there are a series of problems in the actual soil nail support construction process. Due to the complex and diverse soil conditions, it is necessary to prepare a variety of drilling tools such as impact drills, spiral drills and even Luoyang shovels according to different soil layers during construction. This not only increases construction costs and preparation time, but also reduces construction efficiency. Moreover, after drilling in the soil layer, the anchor hole is very easy to deform and disintegrate. After the drilling is completed, the drilling tool must be pulled out first, and then the anchor rod must be inserted into the anchor hole. This operation method makes it difficult for the subsequent anchor rod to penetrate and it is difficult to extend it to the set drilling depth. In addition, in the process of the anchor rod extending into the anchor hole, the grouting port is easily blocked and compacted by loose soil debris, resulting in the subsequent grouting support being unable to proceed smoothly, greatly affecting the support effect of the anchor rod and the stability of the foundation pit.

[0004] At the same time, traditional deep foundation pit drilling equipment suffers from a single drilling mode, making it difficult to adapt to different ground conditions and unable to drill efficiently in either soft or hard soil layers. The anchor bolt installation and fixation methods are unreliable, and the anchor bolts are prone to loosening and displacement. The equipment has low functional integration and the construction process is cumbersome. The grouting holes are prone to clogging, affecting the bond between the anchor bolt and the soil. The slag removal effect is poor, hindering the drilling process. These problems further exacerbate the difficulty of soil nail support construction and seriously restrict the quality and progress of deep foundation pit support projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a deep foundation pit multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and an anchor rod linkage locking device to address the existing technical problems.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a deep foundation pit multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism, which is arranged on a mounting frame, the switching mechanism comprises a switching assembly, a rotary cutting module and a punching cutting module which are arranged on the mounting frame, the multi-modal drill sleeve consists of an outer drill sleeve and an inner drill sleeve, the outer drill sleeve and the inner drill sleeve are slidably matched, a pressure sensing device is provided on the outer drill sleeve, the rotary cutting module is transmission-connected to the outer drill sleeve, and the punching cutting module is transmission-connected to the inner drill sleeve. The switching assembly is used to switch the working states of the rotation module and the punching cutting module. An abutment plate is provided under the mounting frame, and a telescopic driving assembly transmission-connected to the abutment plate is installed on the mounting frame. The outer drill sleeve is fixedly installed with a second transmission gear, and a slag discharge opening is provided on the side wall of the multi-modal drill sleeve. The rotary cutting module comprises a rotatable active shaft, the active shaft can mesh with the second transmission gear, a lifting ring is fixedly provided at the top of the inner drill sleeve, the punching cutting module is transmission-connected to the lifting ring, the pressure sensing device is electrically connected to the rotary cutting module, the punching cutting module and the switching assembly, the bottom end of the outer drill sleeve is provided with a cutting edge, and the bottom end of the outer drill sleeve is provided with a punching head.

[0008] Preferably, the peeling module also includes a rotary driver, a first driving gear, a second driving gear, a first driven gear, a second driven gear, a third driven gear, a fourth driven gear and a planetary drive device, the driving shaft includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is located between the first rotating shaft and the multimodal drill sleeve, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are both vertically rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, the rotary driver is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, the output end of the rotary driver is connected to the first rotating shaft, the switching assembly includes a second linear drive, the output end of the second linear drive is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, a planetary drive device is provided with a planetary carrier and a sun gear, the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the sun gear, the first driving gear is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the second driving gear is fixedly mounted on the planetary carrier, the first driven gear, the second driven gear, the third driven gear, and the fourth driven gear are fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft from top to bottom, the second driven gear is meshed with the first driving gear, the third driven gear is meshed with the second transmission gear, the first driven gear is separated from the first transmission gear, the fourth driven gear is located below the second driving gear, and the third driven gear is located above the second driving gear.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the second driving gear and the second transmission gear is greater than twice the thickness of the third driven gear.

[0010] Preferably, the punching module includes a rotating sleeve, a third driving gear, a fifth driven gear, a spherical seat, an inclined transmission ring, a transmission column and an elastic connecting device installed at the bottom of the inner drill sleeve, the rotating sleeve is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame through a locking ring, the rotating sleeve is coaxially arranged with the second rotating shaft and slidably connected, the spherical seat and the fifth driven gear are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve, the inclined transmission ring is eccentrically arranged on the spherical seat, the inclined transmission ring is fixedly connected to the transmission column, the transmission column is hinged to the lifting ring, the lifting ring is rotatably mounted on the inner drill sleeve through two upper and lower limit rings, the third driving gear is vertically slidably arranged on the first rotating shaft, the third The third driving gear can mesh with the fifth driven gear, and the switching assembly includes a third linear drive, a second push rod and a paddle plate. The third linear drive is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, and the second push rod is vertically arranged between the third linear drive and the paddle plate. The two ends of the second push rod are respectively fixedly connected to the paddle plate and the output end of the third linear drive. The paddle plate is transmission-connected to the third driving gear. The elastic connecting device includes a connecting ring, a sealing ring, an inner cylinder and a second spring. The inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the punching head, and the inner cylinder and the connecting ring are slidably matched. The connecting ring and the punching head are elastically connected by the second spring, and the sealing ring is arranged at the connection between the inner cylinder and the connecting ring.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic drive assembly includes a first linear drive, a first push rod and a first telescopic rod. The first linear drive is vertically fixedly mounted on the mounting frame. One end of the first push rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first linear drive, the other end of the first push rod is fixedly connected to the abutment plate, one end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the abutment plate, and the other end of the first telescopic rod is arranged through the fixed frame.

[0012] Preferably, an outer spiral cutter is provided on the outer side wall of the outer drill sleeve, a first vertical slider is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the outer drill sleeve, and a first vertical sliding groove matching the first vertical slider is opened on the outer side wall of the inner drill sleeve.

[0013] An anchor rod linkage locking device is also provided. The locking device includes a locking flaring assembly and a tightening assembly arranged on the anchor rod. The locking flaring assembly is provided with a locking rod that is transmission-connected to the inner drill sleeve. A grouting hole is provided at the mounting location of the locking rod. A mounting plate connected to the top of the anchor rod is also provided on the mounting frame. The mounting plate is rotationally connected to the mounting frame through a rotating column. A first transmission gear is fixedly installed on the top of the anchor rod, and the bottom of the anchor rod is threadedly connected to the inner drill sleeve through a thread. A center drill bit is also provided at the bottom of the anchor rod, and the driving shaft can engage with the first transmission gear.

[0014] Preferably, the locking and flaring assembly also includes a hinge rod and a torsion spring, and a number of evenly distributed lateral vertical grooves are provided on the outer side wall of the anchor rod. The hinge rod, torsion spring and locking rod are each provided with a number of lateral vertical grooves corresponding one to one to the lateral vertical grooves. The torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge rod, and the hinge rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the locking rod. The hinge rod is rotatably installed on the lateral vertical groove through the torsion spring. A sealing strip that resists the grouting hole is provided on the side of the locking rod close to the lateral vertical groove, a blade is provided on the outer side wall of the locking rod, and an arc-shaped blade head is provided on the top of the locking rod.

[0015] Preferably, the tightening assembly includes a connecting rod, which is provided with a locking seat and an elastic extrusion section. The locking seat is arranged at the end of the elastic extrusion section away from the connecting rod. The locking seat is locked with the top of the anchor rod through a snap-fit ​​groove and a snap-fit ​​block. The connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate, and a number of auxiliary pressure rod grooves are annularly provided on the punching head.

[0016] Preferably, a locking plate is provided on the second rotating shaft, a first locking ring is provided on the end of the anchor rod, a second locking ring is fixedly provided on the top of the inner drill sleeve, the first locking ring and the second locking ring are connected through a locking rod and a lock hole, the first locking ring is rotatably set on the locking plate, the locking plate is transmission-connected to the second rotating shaft through a limit ring, a second vertical slide groove is provided on the connecting rod and the anchor rod, and a second vertical slider is provided on the first locking ring.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The multi-mode drill sleeve switching mechanism's greatest advantage lies in its robust adaptability to varying soil conditions. It automatically and rapidly switches between rotary and punching modes based on the softness or hardness of the soil. In soft soil, rotary mode fully utilizes its rapid drilling capabilities, improving construction efficiency. In hard soil, punching mode effectively breaks up hard materials, avoiding drilling difficulties and even equipment damage caused by hard soil. This automatic switching function significantly shortens drilling time, improves overall construction progress, and reduces construction costs, providing a strong guarantee for the efficient implementation of deep foundation pit support projects.

[0019] 2. The anchor linkage locking device ensures the safety of deep foundation pit support in multiple ways. The locking and flaring components work together to secure the anchor more firmly within the drilled hole, effectively preventing loosening or displacement. The grouting hole design strengthens the anchor's bond with the soil, increasing its bearing capacity and better absorbing soil pressure, thereby ensuring the stability of the soil surrounding the deep foundation pit. The slag discharge opening ensures smooth drilling, improves construction efficiency, and also contributes to improved drilling quality, laying a good foundation for subsequent anchor installation and support work.

[0020] 3. The present invention can not only protect the grouting hole before drilling into place, but also increase the anchor rod support force after the drilling operation is completed, thereby improving the practicality of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and the anchor rod linkage locking device for deep foundation pits;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and anchor bolt linkage locking device for deep foundation pits;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and anchor rod linkage locking device for deep foundation pits;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of part of the structure of the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and anchor linkage locking device for deep foundation pits;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and anchor linkage locking device for deep foundation pits;

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the linkage locking device in the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and the anchor linkage locking device for deep foundation pits;

[0028] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the linkage locking device in the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and anchor linkage locking device for deep foundation pits;

[0029] Figure 9 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0031] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the locking and expanding components in the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and the anchor linkage locking device for deep foundation pits.

[0032] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism for a deep foundation pit and an anchor rod linkage locking device after the second rotating shaft is lifted upward.

[0033] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism for a deep foundation pit and an anchor rod linkage locking device after the second rotating shaft is retracted downward.

[0034] The numbers in the figure are:

[0035] 1. Mounting frame; 2. Outer drill sleeve; 3. Inner drill sleeve; 4. Anchor rod; 5. Locking rod; 6. Grouting hole; 7. Pressure sensing device; 8. Abutment plate; 9. Mounting plate; 10. Second transmission gear; 11. First transmission gear; 12. Center drill bit; 13. Slag discharge opening; 14. Lifting ring; 15. Cutting edge; 16. Punching head; 17. Articulated rod; 18. Torsion spring; 19. Lateral vertical slot; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Locking seat; 22. Elastic extrusion section; 23. Auxiliary pressure rod slot; 24. Rotary drive; 25. First drive gear; 26. Second drive gear; 27. First driven gear; 28. Second driven gear; 29. ​​Third driven gear; 30. Fourth driven gear; 31. First Rotating shaft; 32. Second rotating shaft; 33. Second linear drive; 34. Planet carrier; 35. Sun gear; 36. Rotating sleeve; 37. Third drive gear; 38. Fifth driven gear; 39. Spherical seat; 40. Inclined transmission ring; 41. Transmission column; 42. Third linear drive; 43. Second push rod; 44. Paddle; 45. Connecting ring; 46. Sealing ring; 47. Inner cylinder; 48. Second spring; 49. Locking plate; 50. First locking ring; 51. Second locking ring; 52. Second vertical slide; 53. Second vertical slider; 54. First linear drive; 55. First push rod; 56. First telescopic rod; 57. External spiral cutter; 58. First vertical slider; 59. First vertical slide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1 - Figure 13 The multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism and anchor linkage locking device shown in the figure are both arranged on the mounting frame 1. The switching mechanism includes a switching component, a rotary cutting module and a punching module arranged on the mounting frame 1. The multi-modal drill sleeve consists of an outer drill sleeve 2 and an inner drill sleeve 3. The locking device includes a locking flaring component and a tightening component arranged on the anchor 4. The locking flaring component is provided with a locking rod 5 (combined with a locking rod 5) that is transmission-connected to the inner drill sleeve 3. Figure 8 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11), a grouting hole 6 is provided at the installation location of the locking rod 5, the outer drill sleeve 2 and the inner drill sleeve 3 are slidably matched, a pressure sensing device 7 is provided on the outer drill sleeve 2, the rotary cutting module is transmission-connected to the outer drill sleeve 2, the punching module is transmission-connected to the inner drill sleeve 3, the switching assembly is used to switch the working states of the rotation module and the punching module, an abutment plate 8 is provided at the bottom of the mounting frame 1, a telescopic drive assembly transmission-connected to the abutment plate 8 is installed on the mounting frame 1, a mounting plate 9 connected to the top of the anchor rod 4 is further provided on the mounting frame 1, the mounting plate 9 is rotationally connected to the mounting frame 1 through a rotating column, a second transmission gear 10 is fixedly installed on the outer drill sleeve 2, a first transmission gear 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the anchor rod 4, the bottom of the anchor rod 4 is threadedly connected to the inner drill sleeve 3 through a thread, and a center drill bit 12 is also provided at the bottom of the anchor rod 4 (such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, a slag discharge opening 13 is provided on the side wall of the multimodal drill sleeve, the rotary cutting module includes a rotatable driving shaft, the driving shaft is engaged with the first transmission gear 11 or the second transmission gear 10, a lifting ring 14 is fixedly provided on the top of the inner drill sleeve 3, the punching module is transmission-connected to the lifting ring 14, the pressure sensing device 7 is electrically connected to the rotary cutting module, the punching module and the switching assembly, a cutting edge 15 is provided at the bottom end of the outer drill sleeve 2, and a punching head 16 is provided at the bottom end of the outer drill sleeve 2.

[0038] When switching between multi-modal drill sleeves, the pressure sensing device 7 monitors the pressure on the outer drill sleeve 2 in real time. When working in a soft soil layer, the pressure is relatively small, and the pressure sensing device 7 transmits a signal to the switching component, which controls the active shaft to engage with the second transmission gear 10. The rotation of the active shaft drives the second transmission gear 10, thereby rotating the outer drill sleeve 2, thereby realizing the operation of the rotary cutting module. The bottom end of the outer drill sleeve 2 is provided with a cutting edge 15, which performs rotary cutting and drilling on the soft soil layer. When encountering a hard soil layer or rock layer, the pressure increases, the pressure sensing device 7 sends a signal, and the punching module is connected to the lifting ring 14. The switching component drives the lifting ring 14 to rise and fall, thereby controlling the inner drill sleeve 3 to slide up or down along the outer drill sleeve 2. During the rising or falling process of the inner drill sleeve 3, the punching head 16 performs a punching operation on the hard ground layer, thereby realizing the operation of the punching module.

[0039] When the anchor rod 4 is locked in linkage, after the drilling is completed, the switching assembly switches to the active shaft to engage with the first transmission gear 11. At this time, the anchor rod 4 rotates and moves downward, the inner drill sleeve 3 rises relative to the anchor rod 4, and the locking rod 5 is exposed from the inner drill sleeve 3 and flipped outward, and the locking flaring assembly expands, thereby fixing the anchor rod 4 in the drill hole. The tightening assembly further tightens the anchor rod 4 to enhance the stability of the anchor rod 4. The grouting hole 6 is used to perform grouting operations after the anchor rod 4 is fixed, so that the anchor rod 4 is more tightly combined with the surrounding soil. During the multi-modal drill sleeve drilling process, the slag discharge opening 13 is used to discharge the slag generated by the center drilling, to avoid the situation where the center soil layer cannot be drilled when the anchor rod 4 and the modal drill sleeve are drilled synchronously, and to ensure that the drilling work proceeds smoothly. The telescopic drive assembly pushes the abutment plate 8, and the abutment plate 8 is pressed against the support base surface, so that the entire device remains stable during the drilling process. The mounting plate 9 is pivotally connected to the mounting frame 1 via a rotating column, facilitating the connection and installation of the anchor rod 4 and the multi-modal drill sleeve, enabling the equipment to rapidly and repeatedly perform support operations. During operation, the rotary cutting module drives the outer drill sleeve 2 to rotate at high speed, and the cutting edge 15 on the outer drill sleeve 2 cuts the soft soil layer, achieving rapid drilling. During operation, the punching module raises or lowers the inner drill sleeve 3 driven by the lifting ring 14. The punching module uses the movement of the inner drill sleeve 3 to generate impact force, breaking up the hard stratum and enabling smooth drilling.

[0040] The multi-mode drill sleeve switching mechanism automatically switches between rotary and punching modes depending on the softness or hardness of the soil, enabling rapid rotary drilling in soft soil layers and effective punching and crushing in hard soil layers, significantly improving drilling efficiency and reducing construction time. The anchor rod linkage locking device securely fixes the anchor rod 4 in the drilled hole by locking the flaring and abutting components. The provision of grouting holes 6 further strengthens the bond between the anchor rod 4 and the soil, improving its bearing capacity and stability, and ensuring the safety of deep foundation pit support.

[0041] The locking and flaring assembly further comprises a hinge rod 17 and a torsion spring 18 (eg Figure 11 As shown), a number of evenly distributed lateral vertical grooves 19 are provided on the outer side wall of the anchor rod 4, and a number of hinged rods 17, torsion springs 18 and locking rods 5 are provided and correspond one to one to the number of lateral vertical grooves 19. The torsion spring 18 is sleeved on the hinged rod 17, and the hinged rod 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the locking rod 5. The hinged rod 17 is rotatably installed on the lateral vertical groove 19 through the torsion spring 18. A sealing strip that abuts the grouting hole 6 is provided on the side of the locking rod 5 close to the lateral vertical groove 19, a blade is provided on the outer side wall of the locking rod 5, and an arc-shaped blade head is provided on the top of the locking rod 5.

[0042] After the drilling is completed, the switching assembly switches to the active shaft to engage with the first transmission gear 11, the anchor rod 4 rotates and moves downward, and the inner drill sleeve 3 rises relative to the anchor rod 4. The locking rod 5 originally located inside the inner drill sleeve 3 is gradually exposed as the inner drill sleeve 3 rises. Since the torsion spring 18 is mounted on the hinged rod 17, and the hinged rod 17 is rotatably mounted on the lateral vertical groove 19 through the torsion spring 18, the torsion spring 18 is in an initial compression or pre-tightened state. When the locking rod 5 loses the constraint of the inner drill sleeve 3, the torsion spring 18 releases its elastic potential energy, drives the hinged rod 17 to rotate around its installation point, and then drives the locking rod 5 to flip outward. Multiple locking rods 5 flip outward synchronously, causing the locking expansion assembly to expand as a whole, thereby fixing the anchor rod 4 in the drill hole. The anchor rod 4 can be quickly and stably tightly combined with the borehole wall, and this method can be used to expand the borehole at the outer wall of the locking and expanding assembly. The process is as follows: the inner drill sleeve 3 first rises to expose the locking rod 5, and then the inner drill sleeve 3 descends, pressing the locking rod 5 downward to rotate it around the hinge position, thereby realizing the expanding function.

[0043] During normal drilling, a sealing strip that contacts the grouting hole 6 is provided on the side of the locking rod 5 close to the lateral vertical groove 19. This is to prevent impurities such as soil, sand and gravel from entering the grouting hole 6 during the drilling process, and to ensure that the grouting hole 6 is unobstructed. When grouting operation is required, as the locking flaring assembly expands, the sealing strip will make way for the grouting hole 6, facilitating the grouting operation. The locking flaring assembly drives the locking rod 5 to expand outward through the torsion spring 18, which can form a large supporting force in the borehole and firmly fix the anchor rod 4 in the borehole. This fixing method is more reliable than relying solely on friction or bonding force, and can effectively prevent the anchor rod 4 from loosening or displacement during use, thereby improving the safety and stability of deep foundation pit support. It can not only protect the grouting hole 6 before drilling into place, but also increase the supporting force of the anchor rod 4 after the drilling operation is completed, thereby improving the practicality of the equipment.

[0044] The tightening assembly includes a connecting rod 20, which is provided with a locking seat 21 and an elastic extrusion section 22. The locking seat 21 is arranged at the end of the elastic extrusion section 22 away from the connecting rod 20. The locking seat 21 is locked with the top of the anchor rod 4 through a snap-fit ​​groove and a snap-fit ​​block. The connecting rod 20 is rotatably installed on the mounting plate 9.

[0045] When installing the anchor rod 4, first connect the top of the anchor rod 4 to the connecting rod 20 on the mounting plate 9. The locking seat 21 then locks to the top of the anchor rod 4 through the engagement of the engagement groove and engagement block. The design of the engagement groove and engagement block allows the locking seat 21 to quickly and accurately removably connect to the top of the anchor rod 4, ensuring that the relative position between the two is fixed. The elastic extrusion section 22 provides elastic force to the anchor rod 4, providing the driving force for the anchor rod 4 to descend relative to the inner drill sleeve 3 when the anchor rod 4 rotates independently.

[0046] A plurality of auxiliary pressure rod grooves 23 are provided in an annular shape on the punching head 16 .

[0047] The auxiliary pressure rod groove 23 is used to facilitate pressing down the locking rod 5 expanded from below the inner drill sleeve 3 when the inner drill sleeve 3 is lowered for the second time, thereby increasing the driving force for expanding the locking rod 5.

[0048] The peeling module also includes a rotary driver 24, a first driving gear 25, a second driving gear 26, a first driven gear 27, a second driven gear 28, a third driven gear 29, a fourth driven gear 30 and a planetary drive device. The driving shaft includes a first rotating shaft 31 and a second rotating shaft 32. The second rotating shaft 32 is located between the first rotating shaft 31 and the multimodal drill sleeve. The first rotating shaft 31 and the second rotating shaft 32 are both vertically rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 1. The rotary driver 24 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 1. The output end of the rotary driver 24 is connected to the first rotating shaft 31. The switching component includes a second linear driver 33. The output end of the second linear driver 33 is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 32. The planetary drive device A planetary carrier 34 and a sun gear 35 are provided inside the housing. The first rotating shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the sun gear 35. The first driving gear 25 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 31. The second driving gear 26 is fixedly mounted on the planetary carrier 34. The first driven gear 27, the second driven gear 28, the third driven gear 29 and the fourth driven gear 30 are fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft 32 in sequence from top to bottom. The second driven gear 28 is engaged with the first driving gear 25. The third driven gear 29 is engaged with the second transmission gear 10. The first driven gear 27 is separated from the first transmission gear 11. The fourth driven gear 30 is located below the second driving gear 26, and the third driven gear 29 is located above the second drive gear 26.

[0049] The thickness of the second driving gear 26 and the second transmission gear 10 is greater than twice the thickness of the third driven gear 29 .

[0050] The planetary drive provides the equipment with two modes: high-speed rotation and high-torque rotation. In the initial state (such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the rotary driver 24 drives the first rotating shaft 31 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 31 drives the first driving gear 25 to rotate, the first driving gear 25 drives the second driven gear 28 meshing therewith to rotate, and then drives the second rotating shaft 32 to rotate, and the third driven gear 29 is driven to rotate through the second rotating shaft 32, and then drives the second transmission gear 10 meshing with the third driven gear 29 to rotate, thereby realizing the high-speed rotary cutting function of driving the multi-modal drill sleeve.

[0051] When switching (such as Figure 13As shown in the figure, the second linear drive 33 drives the second rotating shaft 32 to descend. The second rotating shaft 32 descends a certain distance. At this time, the first driving gear 25 is disengaged from the second driven gear 28. The first rotating shaft 31 drives the planetary carrier 34 to rotate through the planetary drive device, thereby driving the second driving gear 26 fixedly connected to the planetary carrier 34 to rotate. At this time, the third driven gear 29 is engaged with the second driving gear 26. Since the thickness of the second driving gear 26 and the second transmission gear 10 is greater than twice the thickness of the third driven gear 29, the third driven gear 29 is still engaged with the second transmission gear 10, thereby realizing the high-torque rotary cutting function of driving the multi-modal drill sleeve.

[0052] When switching (such as Figure 12 As shown), the second linear drive 33 drives the second rotating shaft 32 to rise, and the second rotating shaft 32 rises a certain stroke. At this time, the first driving gear 25 is disengaged from the second driven gear 28, and the first rotating shaft 31 drives the planetary carrier 34 to rotate through the planetary drive device, thereby driving the second driving gear 26 fixedly connected to the planetary carrier 34 to rotate. At this time, the third driven gear 29 is disengaged from the second driving gear 26, and the fourth driven gear 30 is engaged with the second driving gear 26, and the fourth driven gear 30 is not engaged with the second transmission gear 10, then the fourth driven gear 30 drives the second rotating shaft 32 to rotate, and at the same time, the first driven gear 27 is engaged with the first transmission gear 11, and the second rotating shaft 32 drives the first driven gear 27 to rotate and then drives the first transmission gear 11 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation function of the anchor rod 4, thereby realizing the locking or unlocking function between the anchor rod 4 and the multi-modal drill sleeve.

[0053] The punching module includes a rotating sleeve 36, a third driving gear 37, a fifth driven gear 38, a spherical seat 39, an inclined transmission ring 40, a transmission column 41 and an elastic connecting device installed at the bottom of the inner drill sleeve 3. The rotating sleeve 36 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 1 through a locking ring. The rotating sleeve 36 is coaxially arranged with the second rotating shaft 32 and is slidably connected. The spherical seat 39 and the fifth driven gear 38 are both fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 36. The inclined transmission ring 40 is eccentrically arranged on the spherical seat 39. The inclined transmission ring 40 is fixedly connected to the transmission column 41. The transmission column 41 is hinged to the lifting ring 14. The lifting ring 14 is rotatably mounted on the inner drill sleeve 3 through two upper and lower limit rings. The third driving gear 37 is vertically slidably arranged on the first rotating shaft 31. The third driving gear 37 and The fifth driven gear 38 is capable of engaging, and the switching assembly includes a third linear drive 42, a second push rod 43 and a dial plate 44. The third linear drive 42 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 1, and the second push rod 43 is vertically arranged between the third linear drive 42 and the dial plate 44. The two ends of the second push rod 43 are respectively fixedly connected to the dial plate 44 and the output end of the third linear drive 42. The dial plate 44 is transmission-connected to the third driving gear 37. The elastic connecting device includes a connecting ring 45, a sealing ring 46, an inner cylinder 47 and a second spring 48. The inner cylinder 47 is fixedly connected to the punching head 16, and the inner cylinder 47 is slidably matched with the connecting ring 45. The connecting ring 45 and the punching head 16 are elastically connected by the second spring 48. The sealing ring 46 is arranged at the connection between the inner cylinder 47 and the connecting ring 45.

[0054] When the multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism is operating and punching is required, the third linear actuator 42 in the switching assembly is activated, pushing the second push rod 43, which in turn drives the shift plate 44. The shift plate 44 is in transmission connection with the third drive gear 37, causing the third drive gear 37 to slide vertically on the first rotating shaft 31 until it engages with the fifth driven gear 38 on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 36. At this point, the rotational power of the first rotating shaft 31 is transmitted to the fifth driven gear 38 via the third drive gear 37, thereby driving the rotating sleeve 36 to rotate. The tilted transmission ring 40, eccentrically mounted on the spherical seat 39, generates eccentric motion when the spherical seat 39 rotates. The tilted transmission ring 40 is fixedly connected to the transmission column 41. This eccentric motion is transmitted through the transmission column 41 to the lifting ring 14, which is hinged to the transmission column 41, causing the transmission column 41 to drive the lifting ring 14 up and down. Since the lifting ring 14 is fixedly connected to the inner drill sleeve 3, the movement of the lifting ring 14 drives the inner drill sleeve 3 to slide up or down along the outer drill sleeve 2, thereby realizing the punching action.

[0055] Function of the elastic connector: Installed at the bottom of the inner drill sleeve 3, during the punching process, when the punching head 16 contacts a hard surface, the hard surface generates a reaction force against the punching head 16. At this point, the second spring 48 acts as a buffer, absorbing the impact force on the punching head 16 and preventing damage from the instantaneous excessive force. This also reduces the impact on the drill sleeve and other equipment components. The sealing ring 46 prevents dirt, debris, and other debris from entering the elastic connector during the punching process, potentially affecting its proper operation and ensuring its stability and reliability.

[0056] Through the transmission of components such as the rotating sleeve 36 and the tilting transmission ring 40, the rotational motion is converted into the up-and-down motion of the lifting ring 14, which in turn drives the inner drill sleeve 3 and the punching head 16 to perform efficient punching operations. This transmission method enables the punching head 16 to obtain a greater impact force, effectively breaking up hard formations, improving drilling efficiency, and ensuring successful completion of drilling operations even under complex geological conditions.

[0057] A locking plate 49 is provided on the second rotating shaft 32, a first locking ring 50 is sleeved on the end of the anchor rod 4, a second locking ring 51 is fixedly provided on the top of the inner drill sleeve 3, the first locking ring 50 and the second locking ring 51 are plugged into the locking rod and the lock hole, the first locking ring 50 is rotatably set on the locking plate 49, the locking plate 49 is transmission connected to the second rotating shaft 32 through a limit ring, a second vertical slide groove 52 is provided on the connecting rod 20 and the anchor rod 4, and a second vertical slider 53 is provided on the first locking ring 50.

[0058] When the anchor rod 4 and the inner drill sleeve 3 need to be locked, the first locking ring 50 and the second locking ring 51 are connected by plugging the locking rod and the locking hole. The first locking ring 50 is sleeved on the end of the anchor rod 4 and is rotatably mounted on the locking plate 49. The second locking ring 51 is fixedly mounted on the top of the inner drill sleeve 3. The locking plate 49 is connected to the second rotating shaft 32 through a limiting ring. When the second rotating shaft 32 is raised or lowered, the limiting ring drives the locking plate 49 to rise or fall, thereby driving the first locking ring 50 to rise or fall synchronously, thereby realizing the unlocking function. In the locked state, since the first locking ring 50 and the second locking ring 51 are connected by the locking rod and the locking hole, the rotation of the first locking ring 50 will drive the second locking ring 51 and the inner drill sleeve 3 to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the linkage between the anchor rod 4 and the inner drill sleeve 3, ensuring the relative position of the two is stable during the drilling process, and jointly completing the drilling or punching operation.

[0059] When the second rotating shaft 32 moves upward, it can drive the anchor rod 4 and the inner drill sleeve 3 to unlock through the locking plate 49, thereby realizing the independent driving function of the anchor rod 4 at the same time as the unlocking is completed.

[0060] The telescopic drive assembly includes a first linear driver 54, a first push rod 55 and a first telescopic rod 56. The first linear driver 54 is vertically fixed on the mounting frame 1. One end of the first push rod 55 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first linear driver 54, and the other end of the first push rod 55 is fixedly connected to the abutment plate 8. One end of the first telescopic rod 56 is fixedly connected to the abutment plate 8, and the other end of the first telescopic rod 56 is set through the fixed frame.

[0061] The first linear drive 54 drives the first push rod 55 to extend and retract, and the first push rod 55 drives the abutment plate 8 fixedly connected thereto to move. Since the abutment plate 8 can be locked on the support base surface, it can push the mounting frame 1 up and down in the reverse direction, thereby quickly realizing the multi-modal drill sleeve removal function.

[0062] An outer spiral cutter 57 is provided on the outer side wall of the outer drill sleeve 2 , a first vertical slider 58 is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the outer drill sleeve 2 , and a first vertical slide groove 59 matching the first vertical slider 58 is opened on the outer side wall of the inner drill sleeve 3 .

[0063] The cooperation between the first vertical slider 58 and the first vertical chute 59 ensures the stability of the inner drill sleeve 3 during its sliding process, making the punching operation more accurate and effective. This enhances the overall structural strength of the drill sleeve and simultaneously ensures that the outer and inner drill sleeves 2 and 3 rotate synchronously. This means that when the outer drill sleeve 2 is rotated, the inner drill sleeve 3 is also driven to rotate synchronously. The design of the outer spiral cutter 57 facilitates chip removal when drilling in soft soil, reduces obstruction caused by soil chips, and increases drilling speed.

[0064] The above embodiments merely represent one or several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The multi-mode drill sleeve switching mechanism for deep foundation pits is set on the mounting frame and is characterized by: The switching mechanism includes a switching assembly, a rotary cutting module and a punching module arranged on the mounting frame. The multimodal drill sleeve is composed of an outer drill sleeve and an inner drill sleeve. The outer drill sleeve and the inner drill sleeve slide together. A pressure sensing device is provided on the outer drill sleeve. The rotary cutting module is transmission-connected to the outer drill sleeve, and the punching module is transmission-connected to the inner drill sleeve. The switching assembly is used to switch the working states of the rotation module and the punching module. An abutment plate is provided under the mounting frame, and a telescopic drive assembly transmission-connected to the abutment plate is installed on the mounting frame. The outer drill sleeve is fixedly installed with a second transmission gear, and a slag discharge opening is opened on the side wall of the multimodal drill sleeve. The rotary cutting module includes a rotatable active shaft, which can mesh with the second transmission gear. A lifting ring is fixedly provided at the top of the inner drill sleeve, and the punching module is transmission-connected to the lifting ring. The pressure sensing device is electrically connected to the rotary cutting module, the punching module and the switching assembly. A cutting edge is provided at the bottom end of the outer drill sleeve, and a punching head is provided at the bottom end of the outer drill sleeve.

2. The multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism for deep foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peeling module also includes a rotary driver, a first driving gear, a second driving gear, a first driven gear, a second driven gear, a third driven gear, a fourth driven gear and a planetary drive device, the driving shaft includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is located between the first rotating shaft and the multimodal drill sleeve, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are both vertically rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, the rotary driver is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, the output end of the rotary driver is connected to the first rotating shaft, the switching assembly includes a second linear drive, the output end of the second linear drive is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, a planetary drive device is provided with a planetary carrier and a sun gear, the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the sun gear, the first driving gear is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the second driving gear is fixedly mounted on the planetary carrier, the first driven gear, the second driven gear, the third driven gear, and the fourth driven gear are fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft from top to bottom, the second driven gear is meshed with the first driving gear, the third driven gear is meshed with the second transmission gear, the first driven gear is separated from the first transmission gear, the fourth driven gear is located below the second driving gear, and the third driven gear is located above the second driving gear.

3. The multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism for deep foundation pit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the second driving gear and the second transmission gear are both greater than twice the thickness of the third driven gear.

4. The multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism for deep foundation pit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The punching module includes a rotating sleeve, a third driving gear, a fifth driven gear, a spherical seat, an inclined transmission ring, a transmission column and an elastic connecting device installed at the bottom of the inner drill sleeve. The rotating sleeve is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame through a locking ring. The rotating sleeve is coaxially arranged with the second rotating shaft and is slidably connected. The spherical seat and the fifth driven gear are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve. The inclined transmission ring is eccentrically arranged on the spherical seat. The inclined transmission ring is fixedly connected to the transmission column. The transmission column is hinged to the lifting ring. The lifting ring is rotatably mounted on the inner drill sleeve through two upper and lower limit rings. The third driving gear is vertically slidably arranged on the first rotating shaft. The third driving gear The driven gear and the fifth driven gear can mesh with each other. The switching assembly includes a third linear drive, a second push rod and a paddle plate. The third linear drive is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame. The second push rod is vertically arranged between the third linear drive and the paddle plate. The two ends of the second push rod are respectively fixedly connected to the paddle plate and the output end of the third linear drive. The paddle plate is transmission-connected to the third driving gear. The elastic connecting device includes a connecting ring, a sealing ring, an inner cylinder and a second spring. The inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the punching head. The inner cylinder and the connecting ring are slidably matched. The connecting ring and the punching head are elastically connected by the second spring. The sealing ring is arranged at the connection between the inner cylinder and the connecting ring.

5. The multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism for deep foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic drive assembly includes a first linear driver, a first push rod and a first telescopic rod. The first linear driver is vertically fixed on the mounting frame. One end of the first push rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first linear driver, and the other end of the first push rod is fixedly connected to the abutment plate. One end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the abutment plate, and the other end of the first telescopic rod is set through the fixed frame.

6. The multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism for deep foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer spiral cutter is provided on the outer side wall of the outer drill sleeve, a first vertical slider is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the outer drill sleeve, and a first vertical sliding groove matching the first vertical slider is opened on the outer side wall of the inner drill sleeve.

7. Anchor rod linkage locking device, applied to the deep foundation pit multi-modal drill sleeve switching mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, arranged on a mounting frame, characterized in that: The locking device includes a locking flaring assembly and a tightening assembly arranged on the anchor rod. The locking flaring assembly is provided with a locking rod that is transmission-connected to the inner drill sleeve. A grouting hole is provided at the mounting location of the locking rod. A mounting plate that is connected to the top of the anchor rod is also provided on the mounting frame. The mounting plate is rotationally connected to the mounting frame through a rotating column. A first transmission gear is fixedly installed on the top of the anchor rod, and the bottom of the anchor rod is threadedly connected to the inner drill sleeve through a thread. A center drill bit is also provided at the bottom of the anchor rod, and the driving shaft can engage with the first transmission gear.

8. The anchor rod linkage locking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking and flaring assembly also includes a hinged rod and a torsion spring. A number of evenly distributed lateral vertical grooves are provided on the outer side wall of the anchor rod. The hinged rod, torsion spring and locking rod are each provided with a number of lateral vertical grooves corresponding one to one. The torsion spring is sleeved on the hinged rod. The hinged rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the locking rod. The hinged rod is rotatably installed on the lateral vertical groove through the torsion spring. A sealing strip that resists the grouting hole is provided on the side of the locking rod close to the lateral vertical groove. A blade is provided on the outer side wall of the locking rod, and an arc-shaped blade head is provided on the top of the locking rod.

9. The anchor rod linkage locking device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tightening assembly includes a connecting rod, which is provided with a locking seat and an elastic extrusion section. The locking seat is arranged at the end of the elastic extrusion section away from the connecting rod. The locking seat is locked with the top of the anchor rod through a snap groove and a snap block. The connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate, and a number of auxiliary pressure rod grooves are provided in a ring on the punching head.

10. The anchor rod linkage locking device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A locking plate is provided on the second rotating shaft, a first locking ring is provided on the end of the anchor rod, a second locking ring is fixed on the top of the inner drill sleeve, the first locking ring and the second locking ring are connected through a locking rod and a lock hole, the first locking ring is rotatably set on the locking plate, the locking plate is transmission-connected to the second rotating shaft through a limit ring, a second vertical slide groove is provided on the connecting rod and the anchor rod, and a second vertical slider is provided on the first locking ring.

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