Hybrid power structure of loading machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a hybrid power structure of a loading machine. Comprising a gear transmission assembly, an engine, a generator and a motor. And the gear transmission assembly is connected with the wheels. The engine is in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly. The generator is in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly, and the engine is in transmission connection with the generator. And the motor is in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly. The mechanical energy of the engine can be directly output through a mechanical structure, and energy loss caused by converting the mechanical energy into electric energy and converting the electric energy into the mechanical energy is reduced. A power confluence technology is adopted, the engine, the generator and the motor output together, and larger torque can be output. The engine and the motor are used for outputting torque, and a small generator can be adopted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery and equipment, and in particular relates to a hybrid structure of a loader. Background Art

[0002] A loader is a type of earthmoving machinery widely used in construction projects such as highways, railways, buildings, hydropower stations, ports, and mines. It is primarily used for loading bulk materials such as soil, sand, gravel, lime, and coal, and can also perform light excavation of ore and hard soil. By equipping it with various auxiliary devices, it can also perform bulldozing, lifting, and loading and unloading of other materials such as wood.

[0003] However, existing hybrid loaders use a series structure, where the engine drives the generator, which in turn drives the entire machine. While this solution offers some energy savings compared to fuel loaders, it still presents two challenges: 1. The conversion of the engine's mechanical energy into electrical energy, and then back into mechanical energy through the electric motor, results in a significant energy loss of approximately 20%; 2. The vehicle's power is determined by the size of the electric motor, requiring a large motor for high power; and 3. Passenger cars, due to their low torque requirements, employ a power split design, making it difficult to adapt to high torque output. Therefore, designing a hybrid structure for loaders to address these challenges is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a hybrid structure of a loader to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a loader hybrid structure, comprising: a gear transmission assembly connected to the wheels; an engine, the engine being in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly; A generator, the generator is in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly, and the engine is in transmission connection with the generator; An electric motor is in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the gear transmission assembly includes: a sun gear, the sun gear being drivingly connected to the generator, and the sun gear being drivingly connected to the engine or the electric motor; planetary gears, the sun gear meshing with the planetary gears; The ring gear is connected to the motor when the sun gear is in driving connection with the engine; and the ring gear is connected to the engine when the sun gear is in driving connection with the motor.

[0007] Furthermore, the gear transmission assembly further includes: A planet carrier is connected to the planetary gears, and the planet carrier is connected to the wheels.

[0008] Furthermore, the engine operates with constant power output in a low energy consumption area.

[0009] Furthermore, the output end of the engine is connected to a first output gear, the output end of the generator is connected to a second output gear, and the first output gear and the second output gear are meshed.

[0010] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The engine's mechanical energy can be directly output through the mechanical structure, reducing the energy loss when converting mechanical energy into electrical energy and electrical energy into mechanical energy.

[0011] By adopting power merging technology, the engine, generator and electric motor output together, which can output greater torque.

[0012] The engine operates at a constant power output in a low energy consumption area to reduce fuel energy consumption losses.

[0013] By utilizing the engine and electric motor to deliver torque, a smaller generator can be used.

[0014] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a loader hybrid structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a loader hybrid structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. engine; 2. generator; 3. electric motor; 4. sun gear; 5. planetary gear; 6. ring gear; 7. planetary carrier; 8. first output gear; 9. second output gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a hybrid structure for a loader according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a gear transmission assembly, an engine 1, a generator 2, and an electric motor 3. The gear transmission assembly is connected to the wheels. The engine 1 is in driving connection with the gear transmission assembly. The generator 2 is in driving connection with the gear transmission assembly, and the engine 1 is in driving connection with the generator 2. The electric motor 3 is in driving connection with the gear transmission assembly.

[0020] Specifically, engine 1 has a constant output torque and is equipped with a control system that uses an electronic control program to control the output torque and power generated by generator 2. When the loader requires less power, a hybrid structure is required to output a small amount of torque. Engine 1 is connected to a gear transmission assembly, whereby a portion of the torque output by engine 1 is transmitted to the gear transmission assembly, which is then connected to the wheels to drive the wheels and thus the loader. Engine 1 is connected to generator 2 via a transmission system, and the electronic control program reads the vehicle load signal and adjusts the power generated by generator 2. This control then controls generator 2 to absorb the excess torque output by engine 1 and transmit it to generator 2, which then generates and accumulates electrical energy. Accordingly, if the electronic control program does not control the power generated by generator 2 based on the vehicle load signal, generator 2 may not absorb sufficient torque, which can easily cause fluctuations in the torque output by engine 1 to the gear transmission assembly, affecting the stable operation of the loader.

[0021] Secondly, when the loader requires greater power, a hybrid structure is required to output high torque. Engine 1 is connected to the gear transmission assembly, and the electronic control program reads the vehicle load signal and controls the reverse rotation of generator 2, which is then connected to the gear transmission assembly. This allows the torques generated by engine 1, generator 2, and motor 3 to converge at the gear transmission assembly, which is then connected to the wheels to drive the wheels and thus move the loader.

[0022] As a result, the mechanical energy of engine 1 can be directly output through the mechanical structure, reducing energy losses in converting mechanical energy into electrical energy and vice versa. By utilizing power converging technology, the combined output of engine 1, generator 2, and motor 3 can achieve greater torque output. Furthermore, utilizing the torque output of engine 1 and generator 2 allows for a smaller motor 3.

[0023] To ensure the effectiveness of the gear transmission assembly in transmitting torque to the wheels. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the gear transmission assembly includes a sun gear 4, planetary gears 5, and a ring gear 6. The sun gear 4 is drivingly connected to the generator 2, and the sun gear 4 is drivingly connected to the engine 1 or the motor 3. The sun gear 4 meshes with the planetary gears 5. When the sun gear 4 is drivingly connected to the engine 1, the ring gear 6 is drivingly connected to the motor 3. When the sun gear 4 is drivingly connected to the motor 3, the ring gear 6 is drivingly connected to the engine 1.

[0024] Specifically, when sun gear 4 is drivingly connected to engine 1 and generator 2, and ring gear 6 is drivingly connected to motor 3, a small torque is output, and engine 1 outputs a portion of the torque to sun gear 4, which then meshes with planetary gears 5 to transmit the torque to planetary gears 5. When a large torque is output, engine 1 and generator 2 output torque to sun gear 4, which then meshes with planetary gears 5 to transmit the torque to planetary gears 5; and motor 3 outputs torque to ring gear 6, which then meshes with planetary gears 5 to transmit the torque to planetary gears 5. This allows the torques generated by engine 1, generator 2, and motor 3 to merge on planetary gears 5.

[0025] When the sun gear 4 is drivingly connected to the motor 3 and generator 2, and the ring gear 6 is drivingly connected to the engine 1, a small torque is output, and the engine 1 outputs a portion of the torque to the ring gear 6, which then meshes with the planetary gears 5 to transmit the torque to the planetary gears 5. When a large torque is output, the motor 3 and generator 2 output torque to the sun gear 4, which then meshes with the planetary gears 5 to transmit the torque to the planetary gears 5; the engine 1 outputs torque to the ring gear 6, which then meshes with the planetary gears 5 to transmit the torque to the planetary gears 5. This allows the torques generated by the engine 1, generator 2, and motor 3 to merge on the planetary gears 5.

[0026] In this embodiment, the planetary gear set has a fixed gear ratio: sun gear 4 (Z1) with 30 teeth, ring gear 6 (Z2) with 78 teeth, and planet gear 5 (Z3) with 23 teeth. This yields the ring gear 6 / sun gear 4 gear ratio (i) = 78 / 30 = 2.6. This formula demonstrates that the planetary carrier speed can be precisely controlled by adjusting the speeds of sun gear 4 and ring gear 6.

[0027] Secondly, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The SOCR in the attached figure is the transmission system of the planetary sun gear system consisting of S (Sun Gear) sun gear - O (Outer Ring Gear) outer ring gear - C (Carrier) planet carrier - R (Ring Gear) inner ring gear.

[0028] To facilitate the connection of the wheel to the planetary gear 5. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the gear transmission assembly further includes a planetary carrier 7, the planetary carrier 7 is connected to the planetary gear 5, and the planetary carrier 7 is connected to the wheel.

[0029] Specifically, the torque is transmitted to the planetary gear 5 to drive the planetary gear 5 to rotate. The planetary gear 5 is connected to the planetary carrier 7, and the planetary carrier 7 is connected to the wheel to drive the wheel to rotate.

[0030] Optionally, the engine 1 operates at a constant power output in a low energy consumption area.

[0031] Specifically, setting the injection amount and intake amount can output constant speed and torque, so that the engine 1 operates in a low energy consumption area with constant power output, and the generator 2 absorbs the remaining torque in real time according to the consumption of the entire vehicle, which is beneficial to reducing fuel energy consumption losses.

[0032] To ensure the transmission connection between the engine 1 and the generator 2, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the output end of the engine 1 is connected to a first output gear 8, and the output end of the generator 2 is connected to a second output gear 9, and the first output gear 8 and the second output gear 9 are meshed.

[0033] Specifically, the first output gear 8 and the second output gear 9 are engaged with each other, so that the output end of the engine 1 and the output end of the generator 2 are connected in transmission.

[0034] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loader hybrid structure, characterized in that: include: a gear transmission assembly connected to the wheels; An engine (1), the engine (1) being in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly; A generator (2), the generator (2) being in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly, and the engine (1) being in transmission connection with the generator (2); An electric motor (3) is in transmission connection with the gear transmission assembly.

2. The loader hybrid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear transmission assembly includes: a sun gear (4), the sun gear (4) being in driving connection with the generator (2), and the sun gear (4) being in driving connection with the engine (1) or the electric motor (3); a planetary gear (5), wherein the sun gear (4) is meshed with the planetary gear (5); The ring gear (6) is connected to the engine (1) when the sun gear (4) is connected to the engine (1), and the ring gear (6) is connected to the motor (3). When the sun gear (4) is connected to the motor (3), the ring gear (6) is connected to the engine (1).

3. The loader hybrid structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear transmission assembly further comprises: A planet carrier (7), the planet carrier (7) is connected to the planetary gear (5), and the planet carrier (7) is connected to the wheel.

4. The loader hybrid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engine (1) operates in a low energy consumption area with constant power output.

5. The hybrid structure of the loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the engine (1) is connected to a first output gear (8), and the output end of the generator (2) is connected to a second output gear (9), and the first output gear (8) and the second output gear (9) are meshed.

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