Fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible material

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of generator blade, and discloses a kind of fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structures based on flexible material, including, installation element, the installation element includes blade body;Blocking element, the blocking element is located in the side wall of the blade body, the blocking element includes multiple exhaust notches opened on the blade body, and the blocking element is selectively closed or opened exhaust notch under the action of wind pressure;And cleaning element, the cleaning element is located in the side wall of the blade body, and the dynamic balance of spring pre-tightening force and wind pressure is realized, the intelligent opening and closing of exhaust notch is realized, the complete aerodynamic shape of blade is maintained, the linear characteristic of continuous aerodynamic connection spring caused by traditional fixed orifice is avoided, the positive correlation of discharge area and wind pressure in the range of precise adjustment of pressure relief threshold can be realized, the flexible contact design of blocking column and exhaust notch avoids the self-adapting environmental capability caused by rigid impact microcrack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of generator blade technology, and in particular to a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials. Background Technology

[0002] Wind turbine blades are the core components of wind energy conversion systems, and their performance directly affects power generation efficiency and equipment lifespan. Traditional blades are mostly made of rigid materials (such as glass fiber reinforced composites), which, while possessing high strength, are prone to structural fatigue and stress concentration under strong winds or turbulent conditions, leading to crack propagation and even breakage. Furthermore, existing blades are mostly one-piece designs, lacking effective dynamic pressure relief mechanisms. When encountering extreme wind loads, excessive wind pressure can directly damage the blade structure, increasing maintenance costs and safety risks.

[0003] To address these issues, some improvement solutions have proposed flexible material blades or localized perforation designs. However, existing perforation structures are mostly fixed and cannot dynamically adjust the discharge flow according to wind pressure, resulting in decreased aerodynamic efficiency at low wind speeds and a risk of structural overload during strong winds. Furthermore, the connection between the flexible blades and the tower is prone to loosening due to dynamic loads, and lacks multi-stage clamping and elastic buffering designs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing opening structure of wind turbine blades is mostly fixed, which cannot dynamically adjust the discharge flow according to wind pressure, resulting in a decrease in aerodynamic efficiency at low wind speeds.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: The present invention proposes a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials, which includes mounting elements, the mounting elements including the blade body;

[0006] A blocking element, located on the sidewall of the blade body, includes multiple exhaust recesses formed on the blade body, the blocking element selectively closing or opening the exhaust recesses under wind pressure; and

[0007] A cleaning element is located on the sidewall of the blade body.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: the mounting element includes a mounting base disposed at the end of the blade body, a mounting rod disposed at the bottom end of the mounting base, and a mounting groove formed in the triangular region of the mounting base, which is connected to the blade body by a first fixing bolt.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: a support frame is provided at the lower end of the blade body, the end of the support frame is connected to a mounting rod, a connecting groove is provided at the center of the mounting base, and a movable clamping assembly is provided inside the connecting groove for clamping the blade body.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: the clamping assembly includes a first motor mounted on a fixing block disposed in the connecting groove, the first motor driving a unidirectional screw.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: the unidirectional screw is fixed by a bearing seat and threadedly connected to a sliding block, a limiting block is provided at the top of the sliding block, and the limiting block passes through the connecting groove and abuts against the blade body.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: a connecting sleeve is provided on the side wall of the mounting rod, and a second mounting plate is provided at its outer end. The second mounting plate is connected to the support frame by a second fixing bolt.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: the sealing element further includes a sealing post disposed at the bottom of the blade body, the sealing post being located at the top of the connecting plate, a connecting recess being opened on one side of the support frame, and the connecting plate being placed in the connecting recess.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: a fixing rod is installed at the bottom end of the blade body, the fixing rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate, a connecting spring is sleeved on the fixing rod, the two ends of the connecting spring are respectively connected to the connecting plate and the blade body, a first mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting rod, a connecting block is provided at the four corners of the first mounting plate, and a mounting block with mounting holes is provided at the outer end of the connecting block.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: the cleaning element includes a sealing cover disposed at the opening of the connecting groove, a drive rotating rod is installed inside the sealing cover, and a rotating frame with a cleaning brush is connected to the outer end of the rotating rod.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in this invention: a second motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sealing cover, the second motor drives the driving gear, the driving gear meshes with the driven gear, and the driven gear is connected to the rotating rod.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By dynamically balancing the spring preload and wind pressure, the intelligent opening and closing of the exhaust recess is achieved, maintaining the complete aerodynamic shape of the blade. This avoids the linear characteristics of the continuous aerodynamic connection caused by traditional fixed openings, making the discharge area positively correlated with the wind pressure. This allows for precise adjustment of the pressure relief threshold within a certain range. The flexible contact design between the sealing column and the exhaust recess avoids micro-cracks caused by rigid impacts. The blade body is adaptive to the environment. The clamping components installed inside the mounting groove clamp and install the blade body, and the support frame reinforces the blade body, thus ensuring stable support for the installed blade body and facilitating the fixed installation of the blade body. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade based on flexible materials is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 A top view of a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connection groove of a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 A front sectional view of a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials is shown.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point C. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0025] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials, including: during normal power generation, the mounting element 1 provides stable support, the sealing element 2 maintains a seal, and the cleaning element 3 operates intermittently; when encountering strong winds, the sealing element 2 is activated to release pressure first, and the clamping assembly 18 of the mounting element 1 automatically increases the clamping force; when the wind subsides and the wind recovers, all elements automatically reset, and the cleaning element 3 accelerates the removal of foreign objects that entered during the pressure release process.

[0027] Mounting element 1 includes a blade body 11, a mounting base 12 and a mounting rod 13 forming a main load-bearing frame. The root of the blade body 11 is fixed by the mounting groove 14 and the first fixing bolt 15. The support frame 16 forms a triangular stable structure to transfer the blade load to the mounting rod 13 and prevent excessive deformation of the flexible blade.

[0028] The sealing element 2 is located on the side wall of the blade body 11. The sealing element 2 includes a plurality of exhaust recesses 21 opened on the blade body 11. The sealing element 2 selectively closes or opens the exhaust recesses 21 under the action of wind pressure; and the cleaning element 3 is located on the side wall of the blade body 11.

[0029] When the wind speed is less than the set threshold, the connecting spring 25 pushes the sealing column 22 to completely seal the exhaust notch 21, maintaining the complete aerodynamic shape of the blades. When the wind speed is greater than the set threshold, the wind pressure overcomes the spring force and pushes open the sealing column 22, and the airflow escapes through the exhaust notch 21 (the pressure relief efficiency is positively correlated with the total area of ​​the notch). After the wind pressure decreases, the spring force drives the sealing column 22 to reseal the notch. The entire process requires no external control.

[0030] Maintenance requires the second motor 35 to drive the rotating frame 34 to make circular motion through the gear set. The cleaning brush 33 removes the adhering substances on the blade surface by contact cleaning. Periodic operation prevents the accumulation of dust and snow, maintains the surface smoothness of the blade (roughness Ra≤3.2μm), and the sealing cover 31 forms an IP54 protection level to ensure that the drive components operate reliably in harsh environments.

[0031] Reference Figures 1-5 As an optional embodiment, the mounting element 1 includes a mounting base 12 disposed at the end of the blade body 11, a mounting rod 13 disposed at the bottom end of the mounting base 12, and a mounting groove 14 formed in the triangular area of ​​the mounting base 12, which is connected to the blade body 11 by a first fixing bolt 15.

[0032] The blade body 11 has a support frame 16 at its lower end. The end of the support frame 16 is connected to the mounting rod 13. The mounting base 12 has a connecting groove 17 in the center. The connecting groove 17 has a movable clamping assembly 18 inside for clamping the blade body 11.

[0033] The clamping assembly 18 includes a first motor 182 mounted on a fixing block 181 disposed within a connecting groove 17. The first motor 182 drives a one-way screw 183. The one-way screw 183 is fixed by a bearing seat 184 and threadedly connected to a sliding block 185. A limiting block 186 is provided at the top of the sliding block 185, and the limiting block 186 passes through the connecting groove 17 and abuts against the blade body 11.

[0034] The mounting rod 13 has a connecting sleeve 19 on its side wall, and a second mounting plate A is provided at its outer end. The second mounting plate A is connected to the support frame 16 by a second fixing bolt.

[0035] The triangular mounting groove 14 of the mounting base 12 and the first fixing bolt 15 form a rigid connection at the root of the blade body 11. The support frame 16 forms a triangular stable frame. The second mounting plate A and the second fixing bolt form a force transmission path with the mounting rod 13. The movable clamping assembly 18 provides an adjustable radial clamping force. After the first motor 182 starts, it drives the one-way screw 183 to rotate. The rotating one-way screw 183 pushes the sliding block 185 to move axially. The sliding block 185 drives the limiting block 186 to extend radially. The clamping force applied to the blade body 11 and the clamping assembly maintains the basic clamping force to ensure the blade is positioned. The control system increases the motor power to resist wind vibration. The motor reverses to release the clamping, and the limiting block 186 retracts into the connecting groove 17.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 In one embodiment provided in this application, the sealing element 2 further includes a sealing post 22 disposed at the bottom of the blade body 11. The sealing post 22 is located at the top of the connecting plate 23. A connecting notch B is opened on one side of the support frame 16, and the connecting plate 23 is placed in the connecting notch B.

[0037] A fixing rod 24 is installed at the bottom of the blade body 11. The fixing rod 24 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 23. A connecting spring 25 is sleeved on the fixing rod 24. The two ends of the connecting spring 25 are connected to the connecting plate 23 and the blade body 11 respectively. A first mounting plate 29 is provided at the bottom of the mounting rod 13. Connecting blocks 26 are provided at the four corners of the first mounting plate 29. A mounting block 28 with a mounting hole 27 is provided at the outer end of the connecting block 26.

[0038] The preload of the connecting spring 25 (elastic coefficient 50-80 N / mm) pushes the connecting plate 23, causing the sealing column 22 to be fully embedded in the exhaust recess 21, forming an airtight seal (leakage rate <0.5%).

[0039] When the wind pressure exceeds the set threshold (≥800Pa), the airflow pressure overcomes the spring force, pushing the sealing column 22 to move axially along the fixed rod 24 (stroke 10-15mm), opening the pressure relief channel. The compression of the connecting spring 25 changes linearly with the wind pressure, achieving continuous adjustment of the relief area. The sliding fit between the fixed rod 24 and the connecting plate 23 ensures precise movement trajectory. After the wind pressure decreases, the spring force drives the sealing column 22 to automatically reset, with a reset time of <0.5s.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment provided in this application, the cleaning element 3 includes a sealing cover 31 disposed at the opening of the connecting groove 17, a drive rotating rod 32 is installed inside the sealing cover 31, and the outer end of the rotating rod 32 is connected to a rotating frame 34 with a cleaning brush 33.

[0041] A second motor 35 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sealing cover 31. The second motor 35 drives the drive gear 36, which meshes with the driven gear 37. The driven gear 37 is connected to the rotating rod 32.

[0042] It should be noted that when the blade body 11 rotates to generate electricity under normal wind pressure, the sealing column 22 is tightly pressed against the exhaust recess 21 by the elastic force of the connecting spring 25, forming a sealed state to ensure maximum aerodynamic efficiency of the blade. When encountering strong winds, the wind pressure pushes the sealing column 22 through the exhaust recess 21, overcoming the elastic force of the connecting spring 25, causing the sealing column 22 to separate from the exhaust recess 21. The strong wind airflow escapes from the exhaust recess 21, reducing the pressure on the blade surface and preventing the flexible blade from being damaged by overload fatigue. The blade body 11 is rigidly connected to the mounting base 12 through the mounting groove 14 and the first fixing bolt 15. The support frame 16 is further reinforced by the second fixing bolt and the mounting rod 13, forming a double-stabilized structure. The first motor 182 drives the unidirectional screw 183 to rotate, causing the sliding block 185 and the limiting block 186 to move radially, so that the limiting block 186 presses the top of the blade body 11 to prevent the blade from loosening under rotation or strong winds. The second motor 35 drives the rotating rod 32 to rotate via the driving gear 36 and the driven gear 37, which in turn drives the rotating frame 34 and the cleaning brush 33 to slide along the blade surface to remove accumulated dust or ice and maintain the aerodynamic performance of the blades. The sealing cover 31 protects the drive assembly motor and gears from wind and rain corrosion, extending their service life.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials, characterized in that: include, Mounting element (1), the mounting element (1) includes blade body (11); A blocking element (2) is located on the side wall of the blade body (11). The blocking element (2) includes a plurality of exhaust recesses (21) formed on the blade body (11). The blocking element (2) selectively closes or opens the exhaust recesses (21) under wind pressure. Cleaning element (3), the cleaning element (3) is located on the side wall of the blade body (11); The blade body (11) is provided with a support frame (16) at the lower end. The end of the support frame (16) is connected to the mounting rod (13). A connecting groove (17) is opened in the center of the mounting base (12). A movable clamping assembly (18) is provided inside the connecting groove (17) for clamping the blade body (11). The clamping assembly (18) includes a first motor (182) mounted on a fixing block (181) disposed in the connecting groove (17), the first motor (182) driving a one-way screw (183). The one-way screw (183) is fixed by the bearing seat (184) and threadedly connected to the sliding block (185). The top of the sliding block (185) is provided with a limiting block (186), and the limiting block (186) passes through the connecting groove (17) and abuts against the blade body (11). The mounting rod (13) has a connecting sleeve (19) on its side wall, and a second mounting plate (A) is provided at its outer end. The second mounting plate (A) is connected to the support frame (16) by a second fixing bolt. The sealing element (2) also includes a sealing post (22) disposed at the bottom of the blade body (11). The sealing post (22) is located at the top of the connecting plate (23). A connecting notch (B) is opened on one side of the support frame (16), and the connecting plate (23) is placed in the connecting notch (B). A fixing rod (24) is installed at the bottom end of the blade body (11). The fixing rod (24) is slidably connected to the connecting plate (23). A connecting spring (25) is sleeved on the fixing rod (24). The two ends of the connecting spring (25) are respectively connected to the connecting plate (23) and the blade body (11). A first mounting plate (29) is provided at the bottom of the mounting rod (13). A connecting block (26) is provided at the four corners of the first mounting plate (29). A mounting block (28) with a mounting hole (27) is provided at the outer end of the connecting block (26).

2. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting element (1) includes a mounting base (12) disposed at the end of the blade body (11), a mounting rod (13) is provided at the bottom end of the mounting base (12), and a mounting groove (14) is opened in the triangular area of ​​the mounting base (12), and the blade body (11) is connected by a first fixing bolt (15).

3. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning element (3) includes a sealing cover (31) disposed at the opening of the connecting groove (17), a drive rotating rod (32) is installed inside the sealing cover (31), and a rotating frame (34) with a cleaning brush (33) is connected to the outer end of the rotating rod (32).

4. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sealing cover (31) is fixedly installed with a second motor (35), which drives the drive gear (36), the drive gear (36) meshes with the driven gear (37), and the driven gear (37) is connected to the rotating rod (32).

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