Building low-voltage system based on hydrogen fuel cell and regulation method

Abstract

A building low-voltage electrical system and control method based on hydrogen fuel cells are described. The system includes a hydrogen fuel cell unit module, electrical modules with different voltage levels based on the hydrogen fuel cell unit module, and a backup power supply. The electrical modules include single-voltage and multi-voltage modules, with multiple single-voltage modules, multiple multi-voltage modules at different voltage levels, and the backup power supply forming a series circuit. When the power supply from a single electrical module cannot meet the load of the corresponding low-voltage equipment, the priority of the low-voltage equipment in the electrical module is compared, and power is supplied to the high-priority low-voltage equipment through the power supply of other low-priority modules. If the power supply from other low-priority modules still cannot meet the load of the high-priority low-voltage equipment, power is supplied through the backup power supply. This invention uses switch control of the electrical modules to achieve module recombination, thereby matching the voltage requirements of the low-voltage equipment and realizing flexible allocation of power within the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fuel cell grid technology, and relates to building low-voltage electrical systems and control methods based on hydrogen fuel cells. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the imbalance between electricity supply and demand for building air conditioning and heating has become increasingly serious. The contradiction between the volatility of renewable energy generation and the demand for stable power supply from traditional users has intensified, further affecting the current imbalance between electricity supply and demand. Hydrogen fuel cells, due to their high efficiency and zero emissions, have become an important direction for energy transition. Distributed applications can flexibly deploy hydrogen fuel cells in cities, communities, industrial parks, and other scenarios, providing a stable and reliable power supply while reducing dependence on the traditional power grid. Furthermore, hydrogen fuel cells can be combined with renewable energy sources to produce hydrogen using surplus electricity, achieving efficient energy storage and utilization, and promoting the low-carbon and intelligent development of energy systems.

[0003] With the development of smart buildings, the power consumption of low-voltage systems has been increasing year by year. This trend is mainly driven by the rapid development of intelligent and digital technologies. With the widespread application of the Internet of Things (IoT), intelligent security, building automation systems, and data centers in buildings, the scale and complexity of low-voltage systems have increased significantly. For example, the widespread use of facilities such as intelligent lighting, video surveillance, access control systems, network communication equipment, and servers has led to a continuous increase in the energy consumption share of low-voltage systems. Furthermore, the promotion of 5G technology and the deployment of edge computing have further exacerbated electricity demand. Statistics show that the proportion of low-voltage systems in total building energy consumption has risen from less than 10% to over 20%, particularly prominent in commercial buildings and high-density office environments. This trend presents new challenges to building energy efficiency management, necessitating the optimization of system design, the adoption of high-efficiency equipment, and the introduction of intelligent energy consumption monitoring technologies to achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction in low-voltage systems.

[0004] As the proportion of electricity used in building-side low-voltage electrical systems increases, the demand for stable operation of building low-voltage power distribution systems is also rising. Existing methods for regulating power systems include: Patent CN114448079A, which uses a parallel connection of two power sources to the load to ensure an additional power supply to the load when a power source fails; Chinese patent CN115811038A, which uses a parallel connection of multiple loads and multiple power sources and prioritizes them to ensure stable power supply to high-priority loads; and patent CN119765607A, which equips the load with a switchable dual power supply system to improve the continuity of power supply when the load switches power sources.

[0005] In summary, existing methods achieve stable power supply when power supply fails, thereby ensuring stable operation of the load; however, most existing methods are aimed at the power stability of a single load, while they are limited in addressing the linkage between power supplies of multiple loads and cannot guarantee stable power supply to all loads. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the limitations of existing technologies regarding the linkage between multiple load power sources and the inability to stably supply power to all loads, this invention provides a building low-voltage electrical system and its control method based on hydrogen fuel cells. The system includes a hydrogen fuel cell unit module, power modules with different voltage levels based on the hydrogen fuel cell unit module, and a backup power supply. The power modules include single-voltage power modules and multi-voltage power modules, with multiple single-voltage power modules, multiple multi-voltage power modules with different voltage levels, and the backup power supply forming a series circuit. When the power supply from a power module cannot meet the load of the corresponding low-voltage equipment, the priority of the low-voltage equipment in the power module is compared, and power is supplied to the high-priority low-voltage equipment through the power supply from other low-priority power modules. If the power supply from other low-priority power modules still cannot meet the load of the high-priority low-voltage equipment, power is supplied through the backup power supply. This invention uses switch control of the power modules to achieve module recombination, thereby matching the voltage requirements of the low-voltage equipment and realizing flexible allocation of power within the system.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution. One aspect of the present invention provides a building low-voltage electrical system based on hydrogen fuel cells, including a hydrogen fuel cell unit module, electrical modules of different voltage levels based on the hydrogen fuel cell unit module, and a backup power supply;

[0008] The power supply module includes single voltage power supply module and multiple voltage power supply module. Multiple single voltage power supply modules, multiple multiple voltage power supply modules with different voltage levels and backup power supply form a series circuit.

[0009] Each hydrogen fuel cell module includes a hydrogen fuel cell, a power switch, a connection switch, and a module parallel switch; wherein, the hydrogen fuel cell, the power switch, and the connection switch are connected in series, and the module parallel switch is set in parallel across the hydrogen fuel cell and the power switch.

[0010] The single-voltage power module includes low-voltage equipment, equipment branch switches and module parallel switches with rated voltage corresponding to the hydrogen fuel cell; the low-voltage equipment and equipment branch switches are connected in series and then connected in parallel across the hydrogen fuel cell and the power switch; the module parallel switches are connected in parallel across the branch connected in series with the hydrogen fuel cell, the power switch and the connection switch.

[0011] The multi-voltage power module with a predetermined voltage level includes multiple hydrogen fuel cell individual modules, low-voltage equipment with a predetermined voltage level, equipment branch switches, and module parallel switches. Multiple hydrogen fuel cell individual modules form a power series branch through their respective connection switches, and the module parallel switches are connected in parallel at both ends of the power series branch. After the low-voltage equipment is connected in series with the equipment branch switches, one end is connected between the power switch and the connection switch of the hydrogen fuel cell individual module at the beginning of the power series branch, and the other end is connected to the end of the power series branch.

[0012] Preferably, based on the power consumption priority of the low-voltage electrical equipment, each power consumption module is divided into different load levels. The higher the power consumption priority, the higher the load level corresponding to the power consumption module.

[0013] Preferably, when the low-voltage equipment in each power module is put into operation and the power supply in the power module can meet the load requirements of the low-voltage equipment:

[0014] The connection switch L of the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module of each power-consuming module is open, the module parallel switch is open, and the module parallel switch is open; the other connection switches L of the unit modules other than the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module are closed, the power switch is closed, and the module parallel switch is open; the equipment branch switch is closed.

[0015] Preferably, when the power supply in the power module does not meet the load requirements of the low-voltage equipment, the power supply of other power modules supplies power to the low-voltage equipment:

[0016] In the power supply module, the module parallel switch and equipment branch switch are open, and all connection switches are closed; the module parallel switch of the hydrogen fuel cell unit module corresponding to the load demand of the weak current equipment is open, and the power switch is closed; the module parallel switch of the remaining hydrogen fuel cell unit module is closed, and the power switch is open.

[0017] In the application electrical module of the powered low-voltage equipment, the equipment branch switch and the connection switch of the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module are closed, and all other switches are open.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling a building's low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Set the power priority for the application power modules according to the load level of the low-voltage equipment;

[0020] Step 2: Based on the operating status of the low-voltage equipment, by comparing the power supply voltage and the power consumption voltage of the low-voltage equipment, the power consumption modules corresponding to the low-voltage equipment are divided into adjustable modules, power demand modules, and temporarily non-adjustable modules, and the total adjustable voltage is determined.

[0021] Step 3: Based on the priority and required voltage of the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module, and in combination with the total adjustable voltage, adjust the power supply of the adjustable module.

[0022] Step 4: When the total adjustable voltage cannot meet the required voltage, the power supply of the temporarily unadjustable module is adjusted based on the power supply voltage of the temporarily unadjustable module and the priority of the low-voltage equipment.

[0023] Preferably, step 2 includes:

[0024] When the low-voltage equipment is in normal operation, the power module is temporarily unadjustable, meaning that the power module does not participate in the power allocation of the adjustable power supply.

[0025] When the low-voltage equipment is not in operation, compare the power supply voltage of the corresponding power module with the power consumption voltage of the equipment; when the power supply voltage of the equipment is lower than the power consumption voltage of the equipment, the power module is the power demand module.

[0026] When the power supply voltage is not lower than the equipment's operating voltage, the power module is considered an adjustable module; the power supply voltage values ​​of all adjustable modules are summed to obtain the total adjustable voltage;

[0027] Based on the voltage level of the power module, the power priority of the low-voltage equipment in the module, and the power detection time, the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module and the power module whose power supply cannot be adjusted temporarily is numbered.

[0028] Preferably, the process of numbering low-voltage electrical equipment includes:

[0029] Priority numbers are assigned to the low-voltage devices in the power module based on their power consumption priority. Voltage numbers are obtained for the low-voltage devices based on the power supply voltage of the power module. Low-voltage devices with the same priority number are sorted according to the order of power consumption detection time to obtain the detection time number. The low-voltage device number is obtained based on the priority number, voltage number, and detection time number.

[0030] Preferably, step 3 includes:

[0031] Based on the weak current equipment number of the power demand module, set the control sequence of the weak current equipment in the power demand module;

[0032] The required voltage of the low-voltage equipment under the current control sequence is compared with the total adjustable voltage. The power supply of the adjustable module is adjusted and the total adjustable voltage is updated.

[0033] Preferably, the process of setting the control sequence of low-voltage equipment includes:

[0034] The control is performed sequentially based on the priority number of the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module. The priority number determines the control order. When the priority numbers are the same, the low-voltage equipment is sorted by voltage number from smallest to largest. The smaller the voltage number, the earlier the control order of the low-voltage equipment. When both the priority number and the voltage number are the same, the control is performed sequentially by detection time number from smallest to largest.

[0035] Preferably, the process of regulating and updating the total adjustable voltage of the adjustable module includes:

[0036] When the total adjustable voltage is not less than the required voltage of the weak current equipment, the number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules participating in the power supply is calculated based on the equipment voltage of the powered equipment; the corresponding number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules in the adjustable module supply power to the weak current equipment and update the total adjustable voltage.

[0037] Preferably, step 4 includes:

[0038] When the total adjustable voltage is not greater than the required voltage of the weak current equipment in the power demand module, determine whether the total adjustable voltage is equal to zero; if the total adjustable voltage is not zero, use all remaining total adjustable voltage for power regulation, that is, use all remaining total adjustable voltage to power the equipment that needs power; update the required voltage of the equipment; if the total adjustable power supply voltage is equal to zero, set the regulation sequence of the temporarily unadjustable modules based on the weak current equipment number of the temporarily unadjustable modules.

[0039] The power demand module is compared with the priority of the low-voltage equipment in the currently unallocable module, and the power supply of the unallocable module is adjusted.

[0040] Preferably, the process of regulating the power supply of the temporarily unadjustable module includes:

[0041] If the priority of the temporarily unallocable module is not lower than that of the power demand module, then the temporarily unallocable module in the current round will not be adjusted, that is, it will not participate in the power dispatch in the current round.

[0042] If the priority of a temporarily unallocated module is lower than that of a power demand module, then the power supply of the temporarily unallocated module will supply power to the low-voltage equipment of the power demand module; the low-priority voltage will be updated based on the power supply voltage of the corresponding temporarily unallocated module.

[0043] When the total low-priority voltage is not less than the required voltage, stop the priority comparison, calculate the number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules in the temporarily unadjustable modules participating in the power supply; the corresponding number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules in the temporarily unadjustable modules supply power to the weak electrical equipment, and update the remaining low-priority voltage; supply the remaining low-priority voltage to the weak electrical equipment in the next power demand module.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following:

[0045] 1. When the power supply of the hydrogen fuel module matched with the weak current equipment is insufficient, the system can adjust the adjustable modules of idle weak current equipment and the temporarily unadjustable modules with lower priority through switch control to realize the recombination of modules to match the power voltage of the weak current equipment that needs power, thereby realizing the flexible allocation of power in the system.

[0046] 2. The switch design of each module in the system of the present invention can ensure that the modules that do not participate in power dispatching operate normally without affecting the power dispatching process of other modules.

[0047] 3. The hydrogen fuel cell module designed in this invention can solve the problem of unstable voltage or long power supply interruption affecting the normal operation of critical weak electrical equipment when the hydrogen fuel cell is changing fuel. In addition, it can reduce the energy loss of backup power over time caused by using backup power to ensure power stability. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the 12V hydrogen fuel cell unit module provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a building low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the classification of low-voltage electrical equipment provided by the invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the building low-voltage electrical system control method provided by the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0053] To facilitate power dispatch, the hydrogen fuel cell power supply used in low-voltage equipment is designed in a modular fashion. According to Section 3.7 of the national standard GB / T 156-2017 "Standard Voltage," the rated voltage of equipment with AC voltage below 120V or DC voltage below 1500V is mostly a multiple of 6. The designed power supply for the equipment is a multiple of 12V, which complies with the standard. Furthermore, according to the operational logic, when the equipment requires power, the power supply switch is disconnected. The standard indicates that the equipment's voltage is a multiple of 12, therefore divisible by 12. For practical implementation, the design can also be broken down into smaller units, such as using the power supply design methods within 24V or 36V modules. Moreover, the generation voltage of a single hydrogen fuel cell is much less than 12V, making the above-mentioned breakdown method feasible.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment discloses a building low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell, see reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The building's low-voltage electrical system includes hydrogen fuel cell unit modules, electrical modules of different voltage levels based on the hydrogen fuel cell unit modules, and backup power supplies.

[0056] The power supply module includes single voltage power supply module and multiple voltage power supply module. Multiple single voltage power supply modules, multiple multiple voltage power supply modules with different voltage levels and backup power supply form a series circuit.

[0057] Each hydrogen fuel cell module includes a 12V hydrogen fuel cell, a power switch D, a connection switch L, and a module parallel switch K; wherein, the hydrogen fuel cell, the power switch D, and the connection switch L are connected in series, and the module parallel switch K is set in parallel across the hydrogen fuel cell and the power switch D.

[0058] The single-voltage power supply module includes 12V low-voltage equipment and equipment branch circuit switches S. d Parallel switch T with module d ; Switch S to the 12V low-voltage equipment and its branch circuit. d After being connected in series, they are connected in parallel to the hydrogen fuel cell and the power switch D. d At both ends, connect the module in parallel with switch T. d Parallel connection in hydrogen fuel cell, power switch D d Connection switch L d The two ends of a series branch;

[0059] The multi-voltage power module with a predetermined voltage level includes multiple hydrogen fuel cell unit modules, low-voltage equipment with a predetermined voltage level, and equipment branch circuit switches S. m Parallel switch T with module m Multiple hydrogen fuel cell modules form a series power supply branch through their respective connection switches, and the modules are connected in parallel by switch T. mParallel connection at both ends of the power supply series branch; low-voltage equipment and equipment branch switch S m The power switch D of the hydrogen fuel cell unit module is connected to the first end of the series power supply branch. m1 and connecting switch L m1 Between the two ends, the other end is connected to the end of the power supply series branch;

[0060] The backup power supply includes a branch power switch B1 and a series circuit switch B2; the series circuit switch is in the series circuit of the power module and the backup power supply, and the branch power switch B1 is connected in series with the external backup power supply and then connected in parallel across the two ends of the series circuit switch B2.

[0061] In this embodiment, the single-voltage power module is a 12V power module; the multi-voltage power modules with predetermined voltage levels include 24V, 36V, and 48V power modules. External urban power grid power electronic converter switches and protection devices, along with other renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, are used as external backup power sources.

[0062] Based on the power consumption priority of the low-voltage electrical equipment, each power consumption module is divided into different load levels. The higher the power consumption priority, the higher the load level corresponding to the power consumption module.

[0063] In this embodiment, the power consumption priority includes a first-level power consumption priority, a second-level power consumption priority, and a third-level power consumption priority. The first-level priority is higher than the second-level priority, and the second-level priority is higher than the third-level priority. If the low-voltage equipment of the power consumption module is of the first-level power consumption priority, then the corresponding power consumption module is a first-level power consumption priority module. If the low-voltage equipment of the power consumption module is of the second-level power consumption priority, then the corresponding power consumption module is a second-level power consumption priority module. If the low-voltage equipment of the power consumption module is of the third-level power consumption priority, then the corresponding power consumption module is a third-level power consumption priority module.

[0064] When the low-voltage equipment in each power module is put into operation and the power supply of the power module can meet the load requirements of the low-voltage equipment:

[0065] When the branch circuit switch of each power module is closed, the parallel switch of the module is opened; when the connection switch of the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module is opened, the parallel switch of the module is opened; when the other connection switches of the unit modules other than the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module are closed, the power switch is closed, and the parallel switch of the module is opened.

[0066] In this embodiment, the device branch switch in each power module controls whether the device uses electricity; this switch is closed by default. The module parallel switch controls whether external current passes through the power module; this module parallel switch is open by default. The power switch controls whether the hydrogen fuel cell unit module is connected to the circuit; this power switch is closed by default. The module parallel switches in the multi-voltage power modules of different voltage levels control whether the hydrogen fuel cell unit module within the power module supplies current externally; these module parallel switches are open by default. The connection switch can be connected to other hydrogen fuel cell unit modules, allowing the hydrogen fuel cell unit modules to be connected in series to form a power module with a voltage higher than 12V to supply power to low-voltage equipment with a voltage higher than 12V. The connection switch for the first-end hydrogen fuel cell unit module is open by default, while the connection switches for all other units are closed by default. The connection switch for the single-voltage power module is open by default. For the single-voltage power module, its module parallel switch functions similarly to the module parallel switch; therefore, for simplicity... Figure 2 Remove the parallel switches from all single-voltage electrical modules.

[0067] When the power supply in the power module does not meet the load requirements of the low-voltage equipment, the power supply of other power modules supplies power to that low-voltage equipment:

[0068] In the power supply module, the module parallel switch and equipment branch switch are open, and all connection switches are closed; the module parallel switch of the hydrogen fuel cell unit module corresponding to the load demand of the weak current equipment is open, and the power switch is closed; the module parallel switch of the remaining hydrogen fuel cell unit module is closed, and the power switch is open.

[0069] In the application electrical module of the powered low-voltage equipment, the equipment branch switch and the connection switch of the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module are closed, and all other switches are open.

[0070] For example, when a 48V power module supplies power to low-voltage equipment using a 36V power module:

[0071] 48V power supply module parallel switch T m and equipment branch switch S m Disconnect; Module parallel switch K m1 K m2 K m3 Disconnect, K m4 Close; connect switch L m1 L m2 L m3 and L m4 Close; power switch D m1 D m2 D m3 Closed, D m4 disconnect;

[0072] Module parallel switch T of 36V power supply module m Disconnect, equipment branch switch S m Close; connect switch L m1 Closed, L m2 L m3 Disconnect; Module parallel switch K m1 K m2 K m3 Disconnect; power switch D m1 D m2 D m3 disconnect.

[0073] When the power supply in the power module does not meet the load requirements of the low-voltage equipment and the power supply of other power modules is unavailable, the backup power supply will supply power to the low-voltage equipment:

[0074] When the backup power supply branch power switch B1 is closed, the circuit series switch B2 is open.

[0075] In the application electrical module of the powered low-voltage equipment, the equipment branch switch and the connection switch of the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module are closed, and all other switches are open.

[0076] For example, when the backup power supply supplies power to the low-voltage equipment of the single-voltage power supply module, the branch power switch B1 of the backup power supply is closed, and the circuit series switch B2 is open; the equipment branch switch S of the single-voltage power supply module... d Close, module parallel switch T d Disconnect; Connect switch L d Close the power switch D d disconnect.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This embodiment discloses a control method for a building's low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell, including the following steps:

[0079] Step 1: Set the corresponding power priority according to the load level of the low-voltage equipment.

[0080] Specifically, the loads of electrical equipment in office buildings are classified into three levels: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. Level 1 loads are critical equipment that requires continuous power supply for the building's low-voltage electrical system, typically including fire alarm systems, emergency lighting, communication equipment, and security monitoring equipment. These loads require dual power supplies or emergency power supply devices with automatic switching capabilities. Level 2 loads are equipment that needs to have its power restored quickly to maintain normal function during power outages, such as main office lighting, important office equipment, elevators, and information processing equipment. These require backup power to ensure continuity. Level 3 loads refer to conventional equipment that can tolerate short-term power outages after a power interruption, such as general lighting and electric fans.

[0081] Power consumption priority is set for electrical equipment according to its load level. Equipment corresponding to level one load has the first priority, equipment corresponding to level two load has the second priority, and equipment corresponding to level three load has the third priority. For example, emergency control equipment (24V) and network communication equipment (48V) are level one loads and can be set to the first priority to ensure their power supply stability.

[0082] Step 2: Based on the operating status of the low-voltage equipment, by comparing the power supply voltage and the power consumption voltage of the low-voltage equipment, the power consumption modules corresponding to the low-voltage equipment are divided into adjustable modules, power demand modules, and temporarily non-adjustable modules, and the total adjustable voltage is determined.

[0083] See Figure 3 When the low-voltage equipment is in normal operation, the power module is temporarily unadjustable, meaning that the power module does not participate in the power allocation of the adjustable power supply.

[0084] When the low-voltage equipment is not in operation, compare the power supply voltage of the power module with the power consumption voltage of the equipment equipped with the power module; when the power supply voltage of the equipment is lower than the equipment's required voltage, the power module is a power demand module, that is, a module that requires external power supply, and the power switch of the power module is disconnected and the connection switch is closed.

[0085] When the power supply voltage of the low-voltage equipment is not lower than the equipment's operating voltage, and the power supply module is an adjustable module, to ensure normal power delivery to the external low-voltage equipment, the equipment branch switch and power switch of the operating module are disconnected, and the connection switch and module parallel switch are closed; the power supply voltage values ​​of all adjustable modules are superimposed to obtain the total adjustable voltage. The modules are sorted according to the order of power consumption testing time to obtain the numbers of the adjustable modules; for example, This indicates that the power supply voltage of the corresponding adjustable module is 24V and the power detection time is earlier than that of other adjustable modules;

[0086] For power demand modules and temporarily unallocated modules, priority numbers are assigned based on the power consumption priority of the low-voltage equipment in the power consumption module; voltage numbers of the low-voltage equipment are obtained based on the power supply voltage in the power consumption module; low-voltage equipment with the same priority number is sorted according to the order of power consumption detection time to obtain the detection time sequence number; and the low-voltage equipment number is obtained based on the priority number, voltage number, and detection time number.

[0087] Specifically, the priority number for the first-priority device using the power module is 1; the priority number for the second-priority device is 2; and the priority number for the third-priority device is 3. The voltage number of the power module is the power supply voltage value of the power module. For example, for low-voltage equipment whose modules are not yet adjustable, the corresponding number for the first-priority 48V device during the first power consumption detection time is... The second priority 24V device during the second power consumption detection time corresponds to the number [number missing]. For the low-voltage electrical equipment in the power demand module, the first 48V low-voltage electrical equipment with primary power demand is numbered as follows: The second 24V low-voltage electrical device, designated as Level 2, is numbered... The first subscript indicates the priority number, the second subscript is the voltage number, and the third subscript is the detection time number.

[0088] In this embodiment, when the available power supply is insufficient, the priority of the low-voltage equipment in the temporarily unadjustable module and the power demand module is compared to determine whether the power supply of the temporarily unadjustable module should participate in power dispatch. If it participates in power dispatch, the equipment branch switch and the power switch are disconnected, and the connection switch and the module parallel switch are closed.

[0089] Step 3: Based on the priority and required voltage of the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module, and in combination with the total adjustable voltage, regulate the power supply of the adjustable module.

[0090] See Figure 4 Step 3 includes:

[0091] Based on the device numbering of the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module, the control sequence of the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module is set; the specific process is as follows:

[0092] The power demand module outputs power sequentially based on the priority number of the low-voltage equipment. The control order is from smallest to largest priority number. When the priority numbers are the same, the low-voltage equipment is sorted by voltage number from smallest to largest. The smaller the voltage number, the earlier the control order of the low-voltage equipment. When the priority number and voltage number are the same, the control is performed sequentially from smallest to largest detection time number.

[0093] In this embodiment, low-voltage devices are given priority in power consumption among devices with the same priority, because low-voltage devices have less power demand than high-voltage devices. With limited adjustable power supply, more low-voltage devices can be supplied with power. Devices with the same level and voltage that issue power demand earlier are given priority in power consumption.

[0094] The required voltage of the low-voltage equipment under the current control sequence is compared with the total adjustable voltage. The power supply of the adjustable modules is then adjusted, and the total adjustable voltage is updated. The specific process is as follows:

[0095] When the total adjustable voltage is not less than the required voltage of the equipment, that is Based on the voltage of the powered equipment, calculate the number of hydrogen fuel cell modules that can participate in the power supply of the adjustable power source. ; P 可调配 The module parallel switch, unit parallel switch, and equipment branch switch of each hydrogen fuel cell unit module are open, while the connection switch and power switch are closed; if the adjustable module participating in power supply is a multi-voltage power consumption module, the module parallel switch T... m and equipment branch switch S m Disconnect and connect switch L m Closed, module parallel switch K m Disconnect the power switches sequentially according to their numerical designations from smallest to largest, and then close the power switches D corresponding to the modules. m This adjusts the individual power supply modules to match the required voltage; and updates the current total adjustable voltage. .

[0096] Determine whether power supply has been allocated to all low-voltage devices in all power demand modules. If not, allocate power supply to the low-voltage devices in the next power demand module; if so, end the power supply allocation process.

[0097] Step 4: When the total adjustable voltage cannot meet the required voltage, the power supply of the temporarily unadjustable module is adjusted based on the power supply voltage of the temporarily unadjustable module and the priority of the low-voltage equipment.

[0098] When the total adjustable voltage is not greater than the voltage requirement of the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module, it is determined whether the total adjustable voltage is equal to zero. If the total adjustable voltage is not zero, all remaining total adjustable voltage is used for power regulation, that is, all remaining total adjustable voltage is used to supply power to the equipment requiring power; the voltage requirement of that equipment is then updated. ;

[0099] If the total adjustable power supply voltage is zero, the control sequence of the temporarily unadjustable modules is set based on their equipment numbers; the specific process is as follows:

[0100] Output is performed sequentially based on the priority number of the low-voltage equipment in the temporarily unadjustable module, with the priority number in descending order. When the priority numbers are the same, they are sorted by voltage number from largest to smallest, with the higher voltage module being output first. When the priority number and voltage number are the same, they are output sequentially in descending order of detection time number.

[0101] Furthermore, the priority of the power demand module is compared with that of the low-voltage equipment in the currently unallocated modules; the specific process includes:

[0102] First, compare the priority numbers. If the priority numbers are different, the power module corresponding to the low-voltage equipment with the smaller priority number has a higher priority. If the priority numbers are the same, compare the voltage numbers. The power module corresponding to the low-voltage equipment with the smaller voltage number has a higher priority. If both the priority number and the voltage number are the same, the power module corresponding to the low-voltage equipment with the smaller detection time number has a higher priority.

[0103] If the priority of the temporarily unallocable module is not lower than that of the power demand module, then the temporarily unallocable module in the current round will not be adjusted, that is, it will not participate in the power dispatch in the current round.

[0104] If the priority of a temporarily unallocated module is lower than that of a module with power demand, then the power supply from the temporarily unallocated module will supply power to the low-voltage equipment of the module with power demand; based on the updated summary of the power supply voltage of the corresponding temporarily unallocated module, i.e. ;in, This indicates the low-priority voltages summarized in the current round. This indicates the low-priority voltages summarized in the previous round; This indicates the power supply voltage of the temporarily unallocable modules participating in the current round of power dispatch; This indicates the remaining low-priority voltage after powering the low-voltage equipment in the previous power demand module.

[0105] When the low-priority voltage aggregated in the current round is less than the required voltage, the aggregated low-priority voltage cannot meet the power requirements of the weak current equipment in the power demand module. It is then determined whether all temporarily unallocated modules have been compared with the power demand module. If not, the temporarily unallocated modules in the next round are compared to update the aggregated low-priority voltage. If so, the power requirements of the weak current equipment in the power demand module are met by connecting to the urban power grid or backup power supply.

[0106] When the aggregated low-priority voltage is not less than the required voltage, priority comparison stops, and the number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules in the temporarily unadjustable power supply modules is calculated. ;disconnect P 比较 The module parallel switch, unit parallel switch, and equipment branch switch of each hydrogen fuel cell unit module are open, while the connection switch and power switch are closed; if the temporarily unadjustable module participating in power supply is a multi-voltage power consumption module, the module parallel switch T... m and equipment branch switch S m Disconnect and connect switch L m Closed, module parallel switch K m Disconnect the power switches sequentially according to their numerical designations from smallest to largest, and then close the power switches D corresponding to the modules. m This allows for adjustments to the individual power supply modules to match the required voltage.

[0107] Update the remaining low-priority voltages, i.e. The remaining low-priority voltage will be used to supply power to the low-voltage equipment in the next power demand module.

[0108] Determine whether power supply has been allocated to all low-voltage devices in all power demand modules. If not, allocate power supply to the low-voltage devices in the next power demand module; if so, end the power supply allocation process.

[0109] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building low-voltage electrical system based on hydrogen fuel cells, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell unit module, electrical modules of different voltage levels based on the hydrogen fuel cell unit module, and a backup power supply; characterized in that: The power supply module includes single-voltage power supply modules and multi-voltage power supply modules. Multiple single-voltage power supply modules, multiple multi-voltage power supply modules with different voltage levels, and a backup power supply form a series circuit. Each hydrogen fuel cell unit module includes a hydrogen fuel cell, a power switch, a connection switch, and a module parallel switch. The hydrogen fuel cell, power switch, and connection switch are connected in series, and the module parallel switch is connected in parallel across the hydrogen fuel cell and the power switch. The single-voltage power supply module includes low-voltage equipment corresponding to the rated voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell, equipment branch switches, and a module parallel switch. The low-voltage equipment and equipment branch switches are connected in series and then in parallel to the hydrogen fuel cell. At both ends of the battery and power switch, the module parallel switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the branch circuit in which the hydrogen fuel cell, power switch, and connection switch are connected in series; the multi-voltage power module of the predetermined voltage level includes multiple hydrogen fuel cell individual modules, low-voltage equipment of the predetermined voltage level, equipment branch switches, and module parallel switches; multiple hydrogen fuel cell individual modules form a power series branch circuit through their respective connection switches, and the module parallel switches are connected in parallel to both ends of the power series branch circuit; after the low-voltage equipment and equipment branch switches are connected in series, one end is connected between the power switch and connection switch of the hydrogen fuel cell individual module at the first end of the power series branch circuit, and the other end is connected to the end of the power series branch circuit.

2. The building low-voltage electrical system based on hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the power consumption priority of the low-voltage electrical equipment, each power consumption module is divided into different load levels. The higher the power consumption priority, the higher the load level corresponding to the power consumption module.

3. The building low-voltage electrical system based on hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the low-voltage equipment in each power module is put into operation and the power supply of the power module can meet the load requirements of the low-voltage equipment: The connection switch L of the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module of each power-consuming module is open, the module parallel switch is open, and the module parallel switch is open; the other connection switches L of the unit modules other than the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module are closed, the power switch is closed, and the module parallel switch is open; the equipment branch switch is closed.

4. The building low-voltage electrical system based on hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the power supply in the power module does not meet the load requirements of the low-voltage equipment, the power supply of other power modules supplies power to that low-voltage equipment: In the power supply module, the module parallel switch and equipment branch switch are open, and all connection switches are closed; the module parallel switch of the hydrogen fuel cell unit module corresponding to the load demand of the weak current equipment is open, and the power switch is closed. The parallel switch of the remaining hydrogen fuel cell unit modules is closed, and the power switch is open; In the application electrical module of the powered low-voltage equipment, the equipment branch switch and the connection switch of the first hydrogen fuel cell unit module are closed, and all other switches are open.

5. A method for controlling a building's low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell, using the system described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Set the power priority for the application power modules according to the load level of the low-voltage equipment; Step 2: Based on the operating status of the low-voltage equipment, by comparing the power supply voltage and the power consumption voltage of the low-voltage equipment, the power consumption modules corresponding to the low-voltage equipment are divided into adjustable modules, power demand modules, and temporarily non-adjustable modules, and the total adjustable voltage is determined. Step 3: Based on the priority and required voltage of the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module, and in combination with the total adjustable voltage, adjust the power supply of the adjustable module. Step 4: When the total adjustable voltage cannot meet the required voltage, the power supply of the temporarily unadjustable module is adjusted based on the power supply voltage of the temporarily unadjustable module and the priority of the low-voltage equipment.

6. The control method for a building low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step 2 includes: When the low-voltage equipment is in normal operation, the power module is temporarily unadjustable, meaning that the power module does not participate in the power allocation of the adjustable power supply. When the low-voltage equipment is not in operation, compare the power supply voltage of the corresponding power module with the power consumption voltage of the equipment; when the power supply voltage of the equipment is lower than the power consumption voltage of the equipment, the power module is the power demand module. When the power supply voltage is not lower than the equipment's operating voltage, the power module is considered an adjustable module; the power supply voltage values ​​of all adjustable modules are summed to obtain the total adjustable voltage; Based on the voltage level of the power module, the power priority of the low-voltage equipment in the module, and the power detection time, the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module and the power module whose power supply cannot be adjusted temporarily is numbered.

7. The control method for a building low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of numbering low-voltage electrical equipment includes: Priority numbers are assigned to the low-voltage devices in the power module based on their power consumption priority. Voltage numbers are obtained for the low-voltage devices based on the power supply voltage of the power module. Low-voltage devices with the same priority number are sorted according to the order of power consumption detection time to obtain the detection time number. The low-voltage device number is obtained based on the priority number, voltage number, and detection time number.

8. The control method for a building's low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step 3 includes: Based on the weak current equipment number of the power demand module, set the control sequence of the weak current equipment in the power demand module; The required voltage of the low-voltage equipment under the current control sequence is compared with the total adjustable voltage. The power supply of the adjustable module is adjusted and the total adjustable voltage is updated.

9. The control method for a building low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of setting the control sequence for low-voltage equipment includes: The control is performed sequentially based on the priority number of the low-voltage equipment in the power demand module. The priority number determines the control order. When the priority numbers are the same, the low-voltage equipment is sorted by voltage number from smallest to largest. The smaller the voltage number, the earlier the control order of the low-voltage equipment. When both the priority number and the voltage number are the same, the control is performed sequentially by detection time number from smallest to largest.

10. The control method for a building low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of regulating and updating the total adjustable voltage of the adjustable module's power supply includes: When the total adjustable voltage is not less than the required voltage of the weak current equipment, the number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules participating in the power supply is calculated based on the equipment voltage of the powered equipment; the corresponding number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules in the adjustable module supply power to the weak current equipment and update the total adjustable voltage.

11. The control method for a building low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step 4 includes: When the total adjustable voltage is not greater than the required voltage of the weak current equipment in the power demand module, determine whether the total adjustable voltage is equal to zero; if the total adjustable voltage is not zero, use all remaining total adjustable voltage for power regulation, that is, use all remaining total adjustable voltage to power the equipment that needs power; update the required voltage of the equipment; if the total adjustable power supply voltage is equal to zero, set the regulation sequence of the temporarily unadjustable modules based on the weak current equipment number of the temporarily unadjustable modules. The power demand module is compared with the priority of the low-voltage equipment in the currently unallocable module, and the power supply of the unallocable module is adjusted.

12. The control method for a building low-voltage electrical system based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 11, characterized in that: The process of regulating the power supply of modules that are not currently adjustable includes: If the priority of the temporarily unallocable module is not lower than that of the power demand module, then the temporarily unallocable module in the current round will not be adjusted, that is, it will not participate in the power dispatch in the current round. If the priority of a temporarily unallocated module is lower than that of a power demand module, then the power supply of the temporarily unallocated module will supply power to the low-voltage equipment of the power demand module; the low-priority voltage will be updated based on the power supply voltage of the corresponding temporarily unallocated module. When the total low-priority voltage is not less than the required voltage, stop the priority comparison, calculate the number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules in the temporarily unadjustable modules participating in the power supply; the corresponding number of hydrogen fuel cell individual modules in the temporarily unadjustable modules supply power to the weak electrical equipment, and update the remaining low-priority voltage; supply the remaining low-priority voltage to the weak electrical equipment in the next power demand module.

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