Fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine components for preventing fish enteritis and preparation method of fish feed

Abstract

The invention discloses a fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine components for preventing fish enteritis and a preparation method thereof.The fish feed comprises, by weight, 20-34 parts of garlic, Sanhuang powder, heat-clearing medicine and chrysanthemum, the fish feed has the advantages that the formula comprises the traditional Chinese medicine components of garlic, Sanhuang powder, heat-clearing medicine and chrysanthemum, fish enteritis is comprehensively prevented and immunity is enhanced through the effects of resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation, clearing heat and tonifying the spleen, and the fish feed is safe and reliable. The intestinal flora regulating material, the bacillus licheniformis and the xylanase are added, so that the intestinal microecological balance is regulated, the reproduction of beneficial bacteria is promoted, the growth of harmful bacteria is inhibited, and the enteritis occurrence risk is reduced; by adding animal protein raw materials and plant protein raw materials, high-quality protein is provided, fish growth requirements are met, mineral materials and vitamin sources are added, mineral substances and vitamins needed by fish growth are supplemented, skeletal development is promoted, immunity is improved, and the fish feed is suitable for fish growth. The marine algae polysaccharide and the carrot juice are added to provide a natural antioxidant and a nutrition enhancer, so that the fish health is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fish feed, in particular to a fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fish feed is a nutritional formula food designed specifically for fish, aiming to meet their physiological needs at different growth stages (such as juvenile, adult and reproductive stages), promote healthy growth, enhance immunity and optimize breeding efficiency. With the development of aquaculture, fish feed has transformed from traditional natural bait (such as plankton and aquatic plants) to scientifically proportioned industrial feed, becoming the core support for intensive breeding. With the scale and intensive development of aquaculture, fish enteritis is an inflammatory disease of the intestinal tissue of fish, mainly caused by pathogenic microorganism infection, poor feed quality, deterioration of the breeding environment or stress response. Intestinal diseases such as fish enteritis have become the main constraint on the healthy development of the industry. The disease is mostly caused by pathogenic bacteria infection (such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio), poor feed quality, deterioration of the breeding environment or stress response. The disease causes intestinal congestion, edema, abnormal mucus secretion and even ulcers in fish, which in turn leads to reduced food intake, slow growth, and decreased immunity. In severe cases, it causes large-scale deaths and economic losses. Existing fish feeds for preventing fish enteritis rely on antibiotics or chemical drugs. Although they are effective in the short term, long-term use can easily lead to increased pathogen resistance and excessive drug residues, destroying the microecological balance of water bodies, and causing food safety and environmental pollution risks. In addition, most commercial feeds only provide basic nutrition, lack the function of maintaining the intestinal barrier and regulating the balance of the bacterial flora, and have poor stability and low bioavailability of antibacterial ingredients, which cannot continuously prevent enteritis. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis and a preparation method thereof, so as to address the problems raised in the above-mentioned background art that existing fish feeds for preventing fish enteritis rely on antibiotics or chemical drugs, which are effective in the short term, but long-term use can easily lead to increased drug resistance of pathogens, excessive drug residues, disrupt the microecological balance of water bodies, and pose food safety and environmental pollution risks. In addition, most commercial feeds only provide basic nutrition, lack the functions of maintaining the intestinal barrier and regulating the balance of the microbial flora, and have poor stability and low bioavailability of antibacterial ingredients, making them unable to continuously prevent enteritis.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis, wherein the components are calculated by weight as follows: garlic: 20-34 parts, three yellow powder: 10-16 parts, heat-clearing medicine: 2-10 parts, chrysanthemum: 1-4 parts, wolfberry: 2-4 parts, protein supplement raw material: 10-40 parts, linseed oil: 4-7 parts, yam: 1-3 parts, polished rice: 5-20 parts, mineral material : 4-10 parts, intestinal flora regulating material: 2-7 parts, allicin powder: 1-2 parts, supplement: 5-13 parts, carvacrol: 2-7 parts, jujube: 1-5 parts, marine algae polysaccharides: 2-5 parts, natural adsorbent: 3-8 parts, degradable carrier: 5-10 parts, Bacillus licheniformis: 1-3 parts, xylanase: 2-6 parts, attractant: 2-7 parts, carrot juice: 1-4 parts, cassia seed: 1-2 parts.

[0005] Preferably, the three yellow powder is a mixture of rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria, the ratio of rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria is 1:1:1, the rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria need to be crushed and mixed evenly, and the heat-clearing medicine is one of ground ivy and amaranthus chinensis.

[0006] Preferably, the protein supplement raw material is a mixture of animal protein raw material and plant protein raw material, the animal protein raw material is one of fish meal, meat meal and blood meal, and the plant protein raw material is one of soy protein, wheat protein powder and rapeseed cake.

[0007] Preferably, the mineral material is one of oyster shell and dragon bone, and the intestinal flora regulating material is one of Shenqu and hawthorn.

[0008] Preferably, the supplement is one of Codonopsis pilosula, Cinnamon bark and Astragalus membranaceus, and the natural adsorbent is sodium humate.

[0009] Preferably, the degradable carrier is one of modified starch and sodium alginate, and the food attractant is one of tangerine peel and Amomum villosum.

[0010] A method for preparing fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1. Weigh heat-clearing medicine, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, yam, jujube, cassia seed, polished rice, mineral material, intestinal flora regulating material, supplement material, and appetite attractant material. Peel the weighed yam with a peeling tool and cut into thin slices with a thickness of 2-5 mm. Remove the core of the jujube with a pitting tool.

[0012] S2. Place the weighed raw materials into a cleaning device, add 2-3 times the volume of the raw materials in clean water, and wash for 5-10 minutes;

[0013] S3, after washing, remove from the water, dry in an environment at a temperature of 20-30 ° C for 6-12 hours, and put the dried raw materials into a grinder for pulverization to a particle size of 80-120 mesh;

[0014] S4, weighing garlic and three yellow powder, symmetrically taking the garlic for fermentation, using a mixed strain of lactic acid bacteria and yeast, controlling the fermentation temperature at 28-40°C, and fermenting for 3-6 days;

[0015] S5. Place the three yellow powder into an ultrafine grinder for ultrafine grinding to a particle size of 300-500 mesh;

[0016] S6. Weigh Chinese yam and rice bran, and mix them in a ratio of Chinese yam to rice bran of 1:2-1:3;

[0017] S7. Fermentation is performed using Bacillus subtilis at a temperature of 30-35° C. for 5-7 days, so that the nutrients in the yam and rice bran are more easily absorbed by the animal.

[0018] S8: Put the crushed heat-clearing medicine, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, processed yam slices, pitted jujube, cassia seed, intestinal flora regulating material, supplement material, and appetite attractant material into a blender, set the stirring speed to 30-50 r / min, and perform preliminary mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes;

[0019] S9. Slowly add the linseed oil and carrot juice liquid raw materials to the pre-mixed solid raw materials, stirring while adding, and maintain the stirring speed at 40-60r / min to ensure that the liquid raw materials can evenly penetrate into the solid raw materials and fully blend.

[0020] S10: Weigh the protein supplement raw materials, mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, marine algae polysaccharides, natural adsorbents, degradable carriers, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase. During the weighing process, care should be taken to avoid cross contamination between different components to ensure the accuracy of the weighing;

[0021] S11: slowly add the weighed protein supplement raw material to the mixed material that has been processed previously, start the mixer, set the stirring speed to 35-55r / min, and stir for 8-12 minutes to ensure that the protein supplement raw material and other materials are initially mixed evenly;

[0022] S12, after stirring, adding mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mixing again;

[0023] S13, the natural adsorbent, the degradable carrier, the Bacillus licheniformis, and the xylanase are added to the stirring mixture in sequence, and the mixer is kept running at a stirring speed of 45-65 r / min;

[0024] S14. After all the raw materials are added, continue stirring for 15-30 minutes at a stirring speed of 40-60 r / min to form a uniform feed mixture;

[0025] S15, using a pelletizer to pelletize, adjusting the parameters of the pelletizer according to the different growth stages and feeding habits of the fish, controlling the temperature at 70-90°C, and adjusting the pressure between 5-15MPa;

[0026] S16, air-drying or drying the prepared fish feed pellets.

[0027] Preferably, after the stirring in S12, the mineral material, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide are sequentially added and mixed again, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0028] S121, after stirring, add mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mix again, stirring continuously for 5-8 minutes after each addition of a raw material;

[0029] S122. After stirring is completed, add another raw material at a stirring speed of 40-60r / min to allow the newly added raw material to fully contact and mix with the mixed material.

[0030] Preferably, the step of using a pelletizer to pelletize in S15 and adjusting the parameters of the pelletizer according to the different growth stages and feeding habits of the fish comprises the following steps:

[0031] S151. Select the appropriate mold aperture according to the size of the fish;

[0032] S152, the diameter of feed particles for juvenile fish is 1-2 mm;

[0033] S153. The diameter of feed particles for adult fish is 2-4mm, and the particles are made into particles of appropriate size and hardness.

[0034] Preferably, the step of naturally drying or drying the prepared fish feed pellets in S16 specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] S161. When drying naturally, choose a well-ventilated, dry, and clean place, spread the fish feed pellets flat on the drying tools, with a thickness of no more than 5-10 cm, and dry them for 2-4 days.

[0036] S162. Use drying equipment during drying, control the drying temperature at 45-65°C, turn the feed regularly during the drying process, and dry for 6-12 hours. After drying, control the moisture content of the feed at 5-15%.

[0037] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the traditional Chinese medicine ingredients of garlic, three yellow powder, heat-clearing medicine and chrysanthemum contained in the formula can comprehensively prevent fish enteritis and enhance immunity through antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, heat-clearing and spleen-strengthening effects; the addition of intestinal flora regulator, Bacillus licheniformis and xylanase can regulate the balance of intestinal microecology, promote the reproduction of beneficial bacteria, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and reduce the risk of enteritis; the addition of animal protein raw materials and plant protein raw materials can provide high-quality protein to meet the growth needs of fish; the addition of mineral materials and vitamin sources can supplement the minerals and vitamins required for fish growth, promote bone development and enhance immunity; the addition of marine algae polysaccharides and carrot juice ingredients provides natural antioxidants and nutritional enhancers to promote fish health. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Here, exemplary embodiments are described in detail. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0040] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] A fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: garlic: 20-34 parts, three yellow powder: 10-16 parts, heat-clearing medicine: 2-10 parts, chrysanthemum: 1-4 parts, wolfberry: 2-4 parts, protein supplement raw material: 10-40 parts, linseed oil: 4-7 parts, yam: 1-3 parts, polished rice: 5-20 parts, mineral material: 4-10 parts, intestinal flora regulating material: 2-7 parts, allicin powder: 1-2 parts, supplement material: 5-13 parts, carvacrol: 2-7 parts, jujube: 1-5 parts, marine algae polysaccharide: 2-5 parts, natural adsorbent: 3-8 parts, degradable carrier: 5-10 parts, Bacillus licheniformis: 1-3 parts, xylanase: 2-6 parts, attractant: 2-7 parts, carrot juice: 1-4 parts, and cassia seed: 1-2 parts.

[0042] Through the combination of garlic, three yellow powder, and heat-clearing Chinese medicinal ingredients, it exerts antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and heat-clearing effects, comprehensively prevents fish enteritis, and reduces the incidence rate. The formula covers protein supplement raw materials, mineral materials, and vitamin sources to meet the nutritional needs of fish growth, enhance physical fitness, add intestinal flora regulating materials and probiotics, optimize intestinal microecology, and improve digestion and absorption rate.

[0043] The three yellow powder is a mixture of rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria, the ratio of rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria being 1:1:1, the rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria being crushed and mixed evenly, and the heat-clearing medicine is one of euphorbia pulverata and amaranthus chinensis.

[0044] Clarify the 1:1:1 ratio and crushing process of rhubarb, phellodendron amurense, and scutellaria baicalensis to ensure the activity and uniformity of the ingredients, enhance the antibacterial effect, limit the use of ground ivy or amaranthus as heat-clearing drugs, enhance the heat-clearing and detoxification functions, and prevent enteritis in a targeted manner.

[0045] The protein supplement raw material is a mixture of animal protein raw materials and plant protein raw materials, the animal protein raw material is one of fish meal, meat meal, and blood meal, and the plant protein raw material is one of soy protein, wheat gluten powder, and rapeseed cake;

[0046] Combining animal protein with plant protein, optimizing amino acid ratio, improving feed utilization, flexibly selecting raw materials, and taking into account both breeding costs and fish growth needs.

[0047] The mineral material is one of oyster shell and dragon bone, and the intestinal flora regulating material is one of Shenqu and hawthorn;

[0048] Oyster shells or dragon bones provide calcium and phosphorus minerals to promote fish bone development and metabolism. Shenqu or hawthorn serves as intestinal flora regulators, which are safe, have no side effects, and enhance digestion function.

[0049] The supplement is one of Codonopsis pilosula, Cinnamon bark and Astragalus membranaceus, and the natural adsorbent is sodium humate;

[0050] Supplementing fish with Codonopsis pilosula, cinnamon bark, and Astragalus membranaceus can enhance fish immunity and reduce stress response. Sodium humate acts as a natural adsorbent to reduce water pollution caused by feed residues.

[0051] Wherein, the degradable carrier is one of modified starch and sodium alginate, and the food attractant is one of tangerine peel and Amomum villosum;

[0052] Modified starch or sodium alginate is used as a carrier to reduce the burden of feed on the environment, and natural attractants such as tangerine peel and amomum villosum stimulate fish appetite and improve feed conversion rate.

[0053] A method for preparing fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1. Weigh heat-clearing medicine, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, yam, jujube, cassia seed, polished rice, mineral material, intestinal flora regulating material, supplement material, and appetite attractant material. Peel the weighed yam with a peeling tool and cut into thin slices with a thickness of 2-5 mm. Remove the core of the jujube with a pitting tool.

[0055] S2. Place the weighed raw materials into a cleaning device, add 2-3 times the volume of the raw materials in clean water, and wash for 5-10 minutes;

[0056] S3, after washing, remove from the water, dry in an environment at a temperature of 20-30 ° C for 6-12 hours, and put the dried raw materials into a grinder for pulverization to a particle size of 80-120 mesh;

[0057] S4, weighing garlic and three yellow powder, symmetrically taking the garlic for fermentation, using a mixed strain of lactic acid bacteria and yeast, controlling the fermentation temperature at 28-40°C, and fermenting for 3-6 days;

[0058] S5. Place the three yellow powder into an ultrafine grinder for ultrafine grinding to a particle size of 300-500 mesh;

[0059] S6. Weigh Chinese yam and rice bran, and mix them in a ratio of Chinese yam to rice bran of 1:2-1:3;

[0060] S7. Fermentation is performed using Bacillus subtilis at a temperature of 30-35° C. for 5-7 days, so that the nutrients in the yam and rice bran are more easily absorbed by the animal.

[0061] S8: Put the crushed heat-clearing medicine, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, processed yam slices, pitted jujube, cassia seed, intestinal flora regulating material, supplement material, and appetite attractant material into a blender, set the stirring speed to 30-50 r / min, and perform preliminary mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes;

[0062] S9. Slowly add the linseed oil and carrot juice liquid raw materials to the pre-mixed solid raw materials, stirring while adding, and maintain the stirring speed at 40-60r / min to ensure that the liquid raw materials can evenly penetrate into the solid raw materials and fully blend.

[0063] S10: Weigh the protein supplement raw materials, mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, marine algae polysaccharides, natural adsorbents, degradable carriers, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase. During the weighing process, care should be taken to avoid cross contamination between different components to ensure the accuracy of the weighing;

[0064] S11: slowly add the weighed protein supplement raw material to the mixed material that has been processed previously, start the mixer, set the stirring speed to 35-55r / min, and stir for 8-12 minutes to ensure that the protein supplement raw material and other materials are initially mixed evenly;

[0065] S12, after stirring, adding mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mixing again;

[0066] S13, the natural adsorbent, the degradable carrier, the Bacillus licheniformis, and the xylanase are added to the stirring mixture in sequence, and the mixer is kept running at a stirring speed of 45-65 r / min;

[0067] S14. After all the raw materials are added, continue stirring for 15-30 minutes at a stirring speed of 40-60 r / min to form a uniform feed mixture;

[0068] S15, using a pelletizer to pelletize, adjusting the parameters of the pelletizer according to the different growth stages and feeding habits of the fish, controlling the temperature at 70-90°C, and adjusting the pressure between 5-15MPa;

[0069] S16, air-drying or drying the prepared fish feed pellets.

[0070] The step of adding mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence after stirring in S12 and mixing again specifically includes the following steps:

[0071] S121, after stirring, add mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mix again, stirring continuously for 5-8 minutes after each addition of a raw material;

[0072] S122, after the stirring is completed, add another raw material, stirring at a speed of 40-60 r / min, so that the new raw material is fully in contact with and mixed with the mixed material;

[0073] Continue stirring after adding each raw material to ensure even distribution of minerals and functional ingredients, and refine the stirring speed and time to avoid agglomeration or separation of ingredients.

[0074] Among them, in S15, a pelletizer is used for pelleting. According to the different growth stages and feeding habits of fish, the parameters of the pelletizer are adjusted, including the following steps:

[0075] S151. Select the appropriate mold aperture according to the size of the fish;

[0076] S152, the diameter of feed particles for juvenile fish is 1-2 mm;

[0077] S153, the diameter of feed particles for the grow-out stage is 2-4 mm, and the particles are made into particles of appropriate size and hardness;

[0078] Adjust the mold aperture according to the growth stage of the fish, 1-2mm for juveniles and 2-4mm for adult fish, to improve feeding efficiency, control temperature and pressure, ensure moderate particle hardness, and reduce dissolution rate in water.

[0079] The step of naturally drying or drying the prepared fish feed pellets in S16 specifically includes the following steps:

[0080] S161. When drying naturally, choose a well-ventilated, dry, and clean place, spread the fish feed pellets flat on the drying tools, with a thickness of no more than 5-10 cm, and dry them for 2-4 days. Use natural conditions to reduce energy consumption and avoid high temperatures that damage nutrients. Dry at low temperatures combined with regular turning to ensure that the moisture content of the feed meets the standard and extend the shelf life.

[0081] S162. Use drying equipment during drying, control the drying temperature at 45-65°C, turn the feed regularly during the drying process, and dry for 6-12 hours. After drying, control the moisture content of the feed at 5-15%.

[0082] Example 1. A fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis, wherein the components are calculated by weight as follows: garlic: 20 parts, three yellow powder: 10 parts, iron amaranth: 2 parts, chrysanthemum: 1 part, wolfberry: 2 parts, protein supplement raw material: 10 parts, linseed oil: 4 parts, yam: 1 part, polished rice: 5 parts, oyster shell: 4 parts, hawthorn: 2 parts, allicin powder: 1 part, cinnamon: 5 parts, carvacrol: 2 parts, jujube: 1 part, marine algae polysaccharide: 2 parts, sodium humate: 3 parts, sodium alginate: 5 parts, Bacillus licheniformis: 1 part, xylanase: 2 parts, Amomum villosum: 2 parts, carrot juice: 1 part, and Cassia seed: 1 part.

[0083]

[0084] A method for preparing fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis comprises the following steps:

[0085] S1. Weigh amaranth, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, Chinese yam, jujube, cassia seed, polished rice, oyster shell, hawthorn, cinnamon bark, and Amomum villosum. Peel the Chinese yam with a peeler and cut into 2 mm thick slices. Remove the core of the jujube with a pitting tool.

[0086] S2. Place the weighed raw materials into a cleaning device, add clean water twice the volume of the raw materials, and wash for 5 minutes;

[0087] S3, after washing, remove from the water, dry in an environment at a temperature of 20 ° C for 6 hours, and put the dried raw materials into a grinder for pulverization to a particle size of 80 mesh;

[0088] S4, weighing garlic and three yellow powder, symmetrically taking the garlic for fermentation, using a mixed strain of lactic acid bacteria and yeast, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 28 ° C, and the fermentation time is 3 days;

[0089] S5. Place the three yellow powder in an ultrafine grinder and grind it into a particle size of 300 mesh;

[0090] S6. Weigh Chinese yam and rice bran, and mix them in a ratio of Chinese yam to rice bran of 1:2.

[0091] S7, using Bacillus subtilis to ferment at a temperature of 30° C. for 5 days, so that the nutrients in the yam and rice bran are more easily absorbed by the animal;

[0092] S8: Put the crushed Amaranthus chinensis, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, processed yam slices, pitted jujube, cassia seed, hawthorn, cinnamon bark, and Amomum villosum into a blender, set the stirring speed to 30 r / min, and perform preliminary mixing for 10 minutes;

[0093] S9. Slowly add the linseed oil and carrot juice liquid raw materials to the pre-mixed solid raw materials, stirring while adding, and maintain the stirring speed at 40r / min to ensure that the liquid raw materials can evenly penetrate into the solid raw materials and fully blend.

[0094] S10: Weigh the protein supplement raw materials, oyster shells, allicin powder, carvacrol, marine algae polysaccharides, sodium humate, sodium alginate, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase. During the weighing process, care should be taken to avoid cross contamination between different components to ensure the accuracy of the weighing;

[0095] S11: slowly add the weighed protein supplement raw material to the mixed material that has been processed previously, start the mixer, set the stirring speed to 35r / min, and stir for 8 minutes to ensure that the protein supplement raw material and other materials are initially mixed evenly;

[0096] S12, after stirring, add oyster shell, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mix again. After each raw material is added, stir for 5 minutes. After stirring is completed, add another raw material at a stirring speed of 40 r / min to allow the newly added raw material to fully contact and mix with the mixed material;

[0097] S13, sodium humate, sodium alginate, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase are added to the stirring mixture in sequence, and the mixer is kept running at a stirring speed of 45 r / min;

[0098] S14. After all the raw materials have been added, continue stirring for 15 minutes at a stirring speed of 40 r / min to form a uniform feed mixture;

[0099] S15. Select a suitable die aperture according to the size of the fish's mouth. The diameter of the feed pellets for juveniles is 1 mm, and the diameter of the feed pellets for adult fish is 2 mm. Pellets of appropriate size and hardness are made. The temperature is controlled at 70°C and the pressure is adjusted between 5 MPa.

[0100] S16. When drying naturally, choose a well-ventilated, dry, and clean place, spread the fish feed pellets flat on the drying tool, with a thickness of no more than 5 cm, and dry them for 2 days. Use drying equipment when drying, and control the drying temperature at 45°C. Turn the feed regularly during the drying process. The drying time is 6 hours, and the moisture content of the feed after drying is controlled at 5%.

[0101] Example 2. A fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis, wherein the components are calculated by weight as follows: garlic: 34 parts, three yellow powder: 16 parts, iron amaranth: 10 parts, chrysanthemum: 4 parts, wolfberry: 4 parts, protein supplement raw material: 40 parts, linseed oil: 7 parts, yam: 3 parts, polished rice: 20 parts, oyster shell: 10 parts, hawthorn: 7 parts, allicin powder: 2 parts, cinnamon: 13 parts, carvacrol: 7 parts, jujube: 5 parts, marine algae polysaccharide: 5 parts, sodium humate: 8 parts, sodium alginate: 10 parts, Bacillus licheniformis: 3 parts, xylanase: 6 parts, Amomum villosum: 7 parts, carrot juice: 4 parts, and Cassia seed: 2 parts.

[0102]

[0103] A method for preparing fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis comprises the following steps:

[0104] S1. Weigh amaranth, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, Chinese yam, jujube, cassia seed, polished rice, oyster shell, hawthorn, cinnamon bark, and Amomum villosum. Peel the Chinese yam with a peeler and cut into 5 mm thick slices. Remove the core of the jujube with a pitting tool.

[0105] S2. Place the weighed raw materials into a cleaning device, add clean water 3 times the volume of the raw materials, and wash for 10 minutes;

[0106] S3, after washing, remove from the water, dry in an environment at a temperature of 30 ° C for 12 hours, and put the dried raw materials into a grinder for pulverization to a particle size of 120 mesh;

[0107] S4, weighing garlic and three yellow powder, symmetrically taking the garlic for fermentation, using a mixed strain of lactic acid bacteria and yeast, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 40 ° C, and the fermentation time is 6 days;

[0108] S5. Place the three yellow powder in an ultrafine grinder and grind it into a particle size of 500 mesh;

[0109] S6. Weigh Chinese yam and rice bran, and mix them in a ratio of Chinese yam to rice bran of 1:3.

[0110] S7. Fermentation is performed using Bacillus subtilis at a temperature of 35° C. for 7 days, so that the nutrients in the yam and rice bran are more easily absorbed by the animal.

[0111] S8: Put the crushed Amaranthus chinensis, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, processed yam slices, pitted jujube, cassia seed, hawthorn, cinnamon bark, and Amomum villosum into a blender at a stirring speed of 50 r / min for preliminary mixing for 15 minutes;

[0112] S9. Slowly add the linseed oil and carrot juice liquid raw materials to the pre-mixed solid raw materials, stirring while adding, and maintain the stirring speed at 60r / min to ensure that the liquid raw materials can evenly penetrate into the solid raw materials and fully blend.

[0113] S10: Weigh the protein supplement raw materials, oyster shells, allicin powder, carvacrol, marine algae polysaccharides, sodium humate, sodium alginate, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase. During the weighing process, care should be taken to avoid cross contamination between different components to ensure the accuracy of the weighing;

[0114] S11: slowly add the weighed protein supplement raw material to the mixed material that has been processed previously, start the mixer, set the stirring speed to 55r / min, and stir for 12 minutes to ensure that the protein supplement raw material and other materials are initially mixed evenly;

[0115] S12, after stirring, add oyster shell, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mix again. After each raw material is added, stirring is continued for 8 minutes. After stirring is completed, another raw material is added at a stirring speed of 60 r / min to allow the newly added raw material to fully contact and mix with the mixed material;

[0116] S13, sodium humate, sodium alginate, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase are added to the stirring mixture in sequence, and the mixer is kept running at a stirring speed of 65 r / min;

[0117] S14. After all the raw materials have been added, continue stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed of 60 r / min to form a uniform feed mixture;

[0118] S15. Select a suitable die aperture according to the size of the fish's mouth. The diameter of the feed pellets for juveniles is 2 mm, and the diameter of the feed pellets for adult fish is 4 mm. Pellets of appropriate size and hardness are made. The temperature is controlled at 90°C and the pressure is adjusted between 15 MPa.

[0119] S16. For natural drying, choose a well-ventilated, dry, and clean area. Spread the fish feed pellets flat on a drying tool to a thickness of no more than 10 cm. Dry the pellets for four days using a drying machine at a temperature of 65°C. Turn the pellets regularly during the drying process. Dry for 12 hours and keep the moisture content of the pellets at 15%.

[0120] Example 3. A fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis, wherein the components are calculated by weight as follows: garlic: 30 parts, three yellow powder: 14 parts, iron amaranth: 7 parts, chrysanthemum: 3 parts, wolfberry: 3 parts, protein supplement raw material: 25 parts, linseed oil: 6 parts, yam: 2 parts, polished rice: 14 parts, oyster shell: 6 parts, hawthorn: 5 parts, allicin powder: 2 parts, cinnamon: 10 parts, carvacrol: 4 parts, jujube: 4 parts, marine algae polysaccharide: 3 parts, sodium humate: 6 parts, sodium alginate: 8 parts, Bacillus licheniformis: 2 parts, xylanase: 5 parts, Amomum villosum: 4 parts, carrot juice: 3 parts, and Cassia seed: 2 parts.

[0121]

[0122] A method for preparing fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis comprises the following steps:

[0123] S1. Weigh amaranth, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, Chinese yam, jujube, cassia seed, polished rice, oyster shell, hawthorn, cinnamon bark, and Amomum villosum. Peel the Chinese yam with a peeler and cut into 3 mm thick slices. Remove the core of the jujube with a pitting tool.

[0124] S2. Place the weighed raw materials into a cleaning device, add clean water twice the volume of the raw materials, and wash for 7 minutes;

[0125] S3, after washing, remove from the water, dry in an environment at a temperature of 25 ° C for 8 hours, and put the dried raw materials into a grinder for pulverization to a particle size of 100 mesh;

[0126] S4, weighing garlic and three yellow powder, symmetrically taking the garlic for fermentation, using a mixed strain of lactic acid bacteria and yeast, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 34 ° C, and the fermentation time is 5 days;

[0127] S5. Place the three yellow powder in an ultrafine grinder and grind it into a particle size of 400 mesh;

[0128] S6. Weigh Chinese yam and rice bran, and mix them in a ratio of Chinese yam to rice bran of 1:3.

[0129] S7. Fermentation is performed using Bacillus subtilis at a temperature of 34° C. for 6 days, so that the nutrients in the yam and rice bran are more easily absorbed by the animal.

[0130] S8: Put the crushed Amaranthus chinensis, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, processed yam slices, pitted jujube, cassia seed, hawthorn, cinnamon bark, and Amomum villosum into a blender at a stirring speed of 40 r / min for preliminary mixing for 13 minutes;

[0131] S9. Slowly add the linseed oil and carrot juice liquid raw materials to the pre-mixed solid raw materials, stirring while adding, and maintain the stirring speed at 50r / min to ensure that the liquid raw materials can evenly penetrate into the solid raw materials and fully blend.

[0132] S10: Weigh the protein supplement raw materials, oyster shells, allicin powder, carvacrol, marine algae polysaccharides, sodium humate, sodium alginate, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase. During the weighing process, care should be taken to avoid cross contamination between different components to ensure the accuracy of the weighing;

[0133] S11: slowly add the weighed protein supplement raw material to the mixed material that has been processed previously, start the mixer, set the stirring speed to 40r / min, and stir for 10 minutes to ensure that the protein supplement raw material and other materials are initially mixed evenly;

[0134] S12, after stirring, add oyster shell, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mix again. After each raw material is added, stirring is continued for 7 minutes. After stirring is completed, another raw material is added at a stirring speed of 50 r / min to allow the newly added raw material to fully contact and mix with the mixed material;

[0135] S13, sodium humate, sodium alginate, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase are added to the stirring mixture in sequence, and the mixer is kept running at a stirring speed of 55 r / min;

[0136] S14. After all the raw materials are added, continue stirring for 20 minutes at a stirring speed of 50 r / min to form a uniform feed mixture;

[0137] S15. Select a suitable die aperture according to the size of the fish's mouth. The diameter of the feed pellets for juveniles is 1 mm, and the diameter of the feed pellets for adult fish is 3 mm. Pellets of appropriate size and hardness are made. The temperature is controlled at 80°C and the pressure is adjusted between 10 MPa and 10 MPa.

[0138] S16. When drying naturally, choose a well-ventilated, dry, and clean place, spread the fish feed pellets flat on the drying tool, with a thickness of no more than 7 cm, and dry them for 3 days. Use drying equipment when drying, and control the drying temperature at 55°C. Turn the feed regularly during the drying process. The drying time is 10 hours, and the moisture content of the feed after drying is controlled at 10%.

[0139] Comparative experiment:

[0140] Healthy fish with consistent size were sampled, 40 fish per group, and divided into 4 groups (Example 1 group, Example 2 group, Example 3 group, and existing feed control group);

[0141] Experimental design:

[0142] The Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 groups were fed with the fish feed prepared in the corresponding examples, respectively, and the control group was fed with the existing fish feed for preventing fish enteritis, twice a day, with a feeding amount of 2-3% of the fish body weight, for 30 days;

[0143] Breeding environment:

[0144] The water temperature should be maintained at 25-28℃, pH value at 7.5-8.5, dissolved oxygen ≥ 5mg / L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 0.2mg / L, and water should be changed regularly to keep the water clean;

[0145] Observation indicators:

[0146] Incidence rate: record the number of cases of enteritis in each group of fish and calculate the incidence rate;

[0147] Mortality rate: record the number of fish that died in each group and calculate the mortality rate;

[0148] Growth performance: The average weight of each group of fish was weighed before and after the experiment, and the weight gain rate was calculated;

[0149] Intestinal health: After the experiment, 5 fish were randomly selected from each group for dissection to observe intestinal morphology and assess intestinal congestion, edema, and mucus secretion.

[0150] Experimental results:

[0151] Morbidity and mortality:

[0152] Example 1 group: morbidity rate 10%, mortality rate 5%.

[0153] Example 2 group: morbidity rate 2.5%, mortality rate 0%.

[0154] Example 3 group: morbidity 7.5%, mortality 2.5%;

[0155] The control group with existing feed had an incidence rate of 25% and a mortality rate of 10%.

[0156] Growth performance:

[0157] Example 1 group: weight gain rate 45%.

[0158] Example 2 group: weight gain rate 55%.

[0159] Example 3 group: weight gain rate 50%.

[0160] Control group with existing feed: weight gain rate 35%.

[0161] Gut Health:

[0162] Example 1 Group: Some fish had slight intestinal congestion, and mucus secretion was normal.

[0163] Example 2 Group: The intestinal morphology was normal, without congestion, edema or abnormal mucus secretion.

[0164] Group 3 of Example: A few fish had slight edema in the intestine and slightly more mucus secretion.

[0165] In the control group of existing feed, most fish had intestinal congestion and edema, and abnormal mucus secretion.

[0166] Experimental conclusion:

[0167] The fish feed of Example 2 had the best effect;

[0168] The fish in group 2 of Example 2 had the lowest morbidity and mortality rates (morbidity 2.5%, mortality 0%), the highest weight gain rate (55%), and the best intestinal health, indicating that its formula has significant advantages in preventing fish enteritis and promoting growth.

[0169] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0170] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope of the present disclosure is indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A fish feed containing Chinese medicinal ingredients for preventing fish enteritis, characterized in that: The components are calculated by weight as follows: garlic: 20-34 parts, three yellow powder: 10-16 parts, heat-clearing medicine: 2-10 parts, chrysanthemum: 1-4 parts, wolfberry: 2-4 parts, protein supplement raw material: 10-40 parts, linseed oil: 4-7 parts, yam: 1-3 parts, polished rice: 5-20 parts, mineral material: 4-10 parts, intestinal flora regulating material: 2-7 parts, allicin powder: 1-2 parts, supplement material: 5-13 parts, carvacrol: 2-7 parts, jujube: 1-5 parts, marine algae polysaccharide: 2-5 parts, natural adsorbent: 3-8 parts, degradable carrier: 5-10 parts, Bacillus licheniformis: 1-3 parts, xylanase: 2-6 parts, attractant: 2-7 parts, carrot juice: 1-4 parts, cassia seed: 1-2 parts.

2. The fish feed containing Chinese medicinal ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three yellow powder is a mixture of rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria, the ratio of rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria is 1:1:1, the rhubarb, phellodendron and scutellaria need to be crushed and mixed evenly, and the heat-clearing medicine is one of ground ivy and amaranthus chinensis.

3. The fish feed containing Chinese medicinal ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protein supplement raw material is a mixture of animal protein raw material and plant protein raw material, the animal protein raw material is one of fish meal, meat meal and blood meal, and the plant protein raw material is one of soy protein, wheat protein powder and rapeseed cake.

4. The fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mineral material is one of oyster shell and dragon bone, and the intestinal flora regulating material is one of Shenqu and hawthorn.

5. The fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supplement is one of codonopsis pilosula, cinnamon bark and astragalus root, and the natural adsorbent is sodium humate.

6. The fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The degradable carrier is one of modified starch and sodium alginate, and the food attractant is one of tangerine peel and Amomum villosum.

7. The method for preparing a fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Weigh heat-clearing medicine, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, yam, jujube, cassia seed, polished rice, mineral material, intestinal flora regulating material, supplement material, and appetite attractant material. Peel the weighed yam with a peeling tool and cut into thin slices with a thickness of 2-5 mm. Remove the core of the jujube with a pitting tool. S2. Place the weighed raw materials into a cleaning device, add 2-3 times the volume of the raw materials in clean water, and wash for 5-10 minutes; S3, after washing, remove from the water, dry in an environment at a temperature of 20-30 ° C for 6-12 hours, and put the dried raw materials into a grinder for pulverization to a particle size of 80-120 mesh; S4, weighing garlic and three yellow powder, symmetrically taking the garlic for fermentation, using a mixed strain of lactic acid bacteria and yeast, controlling the fermentation temperature at 28-40°C, and fermenting for 3-6 days; S5. Place the three yellow powder into an ultrafine grinder for ultrafine grinding to a particle size of 300-500 mesh; S6. Weigh Chinese yam and rice bran, and mix them in a ratio of Chinese yam to rice bran of 1:2-1:3; S7. Fermentation is performed using Bacillus subtilis at a temperature of 30-35° C. for 5-7 days, so that the nutrients in the yam and rice bran are more easily absorbed by the animal. S8: Put the crushed heat-clearing medicine, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, processed yam slices, pitted jujube, cassia seed, intestinal flora regulating material, supplement material, and appetite attractant material into a blender, set the stirring speed to 30-50 r / min, and perform preliminary mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes; S9. Slowly add the linseed oil and carrot juice liquid raw materials to the pre-mixed solid raw materials, stirring while adding, and maintain the stirring speed at 40-60r / min to ensure that the liquid raw materials can evenly penetrate into the solid raw materials and fully blend. S10: Weigh the protein supplement raw materials, mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, marine algae polysaccharides, natural adsorbents, degradable carriers, Bacillus licheniformis, and xylanase. During the weighing process, care should be taken to avoid cross contamination between different components to ensure the accuracy of the weighing; S11: slowly add the weighed protein supplement raw material to the mixed material that has been processed previously, start the mixer, set the stirring speed to 35-55r / min, and stir for 8-12 minutes to ensure that the protein supplement raw material and other materials are initially mixed evenly; S12, after stirring, adding mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mixing again; S13, the natural adsorbent, the degradable carrier, the Bacillus licheniformis, and the xylanase are added to the stirring mixture in sequence, and the mixer is kept running at a stirring speed of 45-65 r / min; S14. After all the raw materials are added, continue stirring for 15-30 minutes at a stirring speed of 40-60 r / min to form a uniform feed mixture; S15, using a pelletizer to pelletize, adjusting the parameters of the pelletizer according to the different growth stages and feeding habits of the fish, controlling the temperature at 70-90°C, and adjusting the pressure between 5-15MPa; S16, air-drying or drying the prepared fish feed pellets.

8. The method for preparing fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the stirring in S12, the mineral material, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide are added in sequence and mixed again, which specifically includes the following steps: S121, after stirring, add mineral materials, allicin powder, carvacrol, and marine algae polysaccharide in sequence and mix again, stirring continuously for 5-8 minutes after each addition of a raw material; S122. After stirring is completed, add another raw material at a stirring speed of 40-60r / min to allow the newly added raw material to fully contact and mix with the mixed material.

9. The method for preparing fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of using a pelletizer to pelletize in S15 and adjusting the parameters of the pelletizer according to the different growth stages and feeding habits of the fish comprises the following steps: S151. Select the appropriate mold aperture according to the size of the fish; S152, the diameter of feed particles for juvenile fish is 1-2 mm; S153. The diameter of feed particles for adult fish is 2-4mm, and the particles are made into particles of appropriate size and hardness.

10. The method for preparing fish feed containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for preventing fish enteritis according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of naturally drying or drying the prepared fish feed pellets in step S16 specifically includes the following steps: S161. When drying naturally, choose a well-ventilated, dry, and clean place, spread the fish feed pellets flat on the drying tools, with a thickness of no more than 5-10 cm, and dry them for 2-4 days. S162. Use drying equipment during drying, control the drying temperature at 45-65°C, turn the feed regularly during the drying process, and dry for 6-12 hours. After drying, control the moisture content of the feed at 5-15%.

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