Asynchronous electroencephalogram acquisition system and method based on event triggering mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses an asynchronous electroencephalogram collection system and method based on an event triggering mechanism. An input end directly receives a multi-channel electroencephalogram signal, an event triggering sensing module, an input end connected with an output end of an event feature conditioning module, a high-precision time sequence marking module and an output end controlled by the event triggering sensing module. The enabling end of the asynchronous electroencephalogram signal collecting module is connected with the output end of the event triggering sensing module, and the input end of the asynchronous electroencephalogram signal collecting module receives multichannel electroencephalogram signals. According to the asynchronous electroencephalogram collection system and method based on the event triggering mechanism, design is conducted based on the natural asynchronous activity rule of the brain, non-forced synchronous collection is achieved, and the excitation and conduction sequence of the brain interval is reflected more truly; through the hardware-level event triggering unit, event response can be accurately captured in real time, and the system is far better than a traditional synchronization system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of EEG signal acquisition and perception technology, and in particular to an asynchronous EEG acquisition system and method based on an event triggering mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Existing EEG signal acquisition technologies are generally based on a synchronous acquisition mechanism, that is, continuous sampling of the entire brain's electrical signals at fixed time intervals in order to capture the neural response after stimulation. However, this method is difficult to effectively reveal the brain's natural asynchronous neural activity characteristics. When different brain regions receive external stimuli or perform internal information processing, their neural responses have significant asynchronous and regional specificity. The synchronous EEG acquisition method has the following defects and shortcomings:

[0003] Time alignment deviation: The neural responses of different brain regions have individual delays and excitation timings, and the synchronization mechanism is difficult to accurately capture this real timing structure. Redundant sampling and resource waste: Fixed-frequency sampling leads to a large amount of redundant data at non-critical moments, occupying computing and storage resources. Difficult to adapt to high-time precision research: The identification of functional brain diseases such as depressive disorders and epilepsy relies on detailed analysis of the excitation sequence of brain regions, and traditional methods are difficult to support such requirements. Hardware response lag: The response speed of traditional acquisition equipment is difficult to synchronize accurately with instantaneous EEG events, which limits real-time performance and perception sensitivity. Lack of timing accuracy to support disease identification: The EEG characteristics of functional brain diseases such as depressive disorders and epilepsy are closely related to the excitation sequence of brain regions. Traditional synchronization methods have difficulty extracting such key timing features.

[0004] While some studies have attempted to use event-related potentials (ERPs) to analyze EEG responses to specific stimuli, these methods still rely on fixed time window sampling and adhere to a quasi-synchronous paradigm, failing to achieve true asynchronous acquisition and high temporal accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new event-oriented EEG acquisition method that can more realistically, efficiently, and accurately reflect the temporal nature of brain activity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an asynchronous EEG acquisition system and method based on an event-triggered mechanism. The system is designed based on the natural asynchronous activity patterns of the brain, and does not require forced synchronous acquisition to more realistically reflect the excitation and conduction sequence between brain regions. Through a hardware-level event triggering unit, it can accurately capture event responses in real time, far exceeding traditional synchronous systems.

[0006] The present invention provides an asynchronous EEG acquisition system and method based on an event trigger mechanism, comprising an event induction module, a multi-channel EEG signal, an event feature conditioning module, an event trigger perception module, a high-precision timing marking module and an asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module, the event feature conditioning module, the input end of which directly receives the multi-channel EEG signal, the event trigger perception module, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the event feature conditioning module, the high-precision timing marking module, which is controlled by the output end of the event trigger perception module; the enable end of the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module is connected to the output end of the event trigger perception module, and the input end of the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module receives the multi-channel EEG signal.

[0007] Preferably, the event induction module includes audio stimulation protocols of different frequencies, intensities and rhythms.

[0008] Preferably, the event feature conditioning module includes an impedance matching circuit, a filtering circuit, a low-noise differential operational amplifier, and a DC servo circuit based on negative feedback technology.

[0009] Preferably, an asynchronous chip is provided in the event triggering perception module.

[0010] Preferably, the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module dynamically sets the sampling window according to the event type and historical reaction sequence.

[0011] Preferably, a method of an asynchronous EEG acquisition system based on an event triggering mechanism comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step S1: generating an audio stimulation protocol through an event induction module to induce a neural response event in the human body;

[0013] Step S2: collecting multi-channel EEG signals generated by the neural response event through electrodes;

[0014] Step S3: The event feature conditioning module performs impedance matching, filtering, amplification, and DC offset elimination on the multi-channel EEG signals; after the multi-channel EEG signals from different brain regions have enhanced the event triggering features through the event feature conditioning module, they enter the event triggering perception module for feature matching;

[0015] Step S4: When the event triggering sensing module triggers the feature matching threshold, it sends an enable signal to the timing marking module and the acquisition module;

[0016] Step S5: The acquisition module starts the acquisition of target brain area signals and dynamically sets the sampling window;

[0017] Step S6: The timing marking module records the timestamp and binds it with the collected data, audio stimulation information, and brain region number.

[0018] Preferably, in step S5, dynamically setting the sampling window includes automatically setting the window duration according to the event type and correcting the sampling start time point according to the historical response delay.

[0019] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned asynchronous EEG acquisition system and method based on the event trigger mechanism, which is designed based on the natural asynchronous activity rules of the brain, and non-forced synchronous acquisition, which more realistically reflects the excitation and conduction sequence between brain areas; through the hardware-level event trigger unit, it can accurately capture event responses in real time, far exceeding the traditional synchronous system.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system of an asynchronous EEG acquisition system and method based on an event trigger mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of an asynchronous EEG acquisition system and method based on an event triggering mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0025] The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides an asynchronous EEG acquisition system and method based on an event-triggered mechanism, comprising an event-inducing module, a multi-channel EEG signal processing module, an event feature conditioning module, an event-triggered perception module, a high-precision timing marking module, and an asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module. The event-inducing module includes audio stimulation protocols of varying frequencies, intensities, and rhythms.

[0028] The event feature conditioning module, whose input directly receives multi-channel EEG signals, includes an impedance matching circuit, a filtering circuit, a low-noise differential operational amplifier, and a DC servo circuit based on negative feedback technology. The event trigger perception module, whose input is connected to the output of the event feature conditioning module, is used to extract trigger features and generate enable signals. The event feature conditioning module integrates an impedance matching circuit, a filtering circuit, and a low-noise differential operational amplifier, which can denoise and amplify the original trigger event signal and enhance the event trigger features, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of the event feature matching unit in the event trigger perception module to trigger events. After the original EEG signals from different brain regions have their event trigger features enhanced by the event feature conditioning module, they enter the event trigger perception module for feature matching.

[0029] The high-precision timing marking module is controlled by the output of the event trigger perception module; the event feature conditioning module and the event trigger perception module are used to monitor changes in EEG signals in real time and extract key trigger features, such as specific frequency band transitions, instantaneous phase changes, waveform mutations, etc. The event trigger perception module is equipped with an asynchronous chip, which designs specific trigger events based on the EEG signal characteristics induced by different audio and video emotions, thereby realizing personalized event triggering functions. When the event feature matching unit in the event trigger perception module senses that the event trigger feature meets the preset value (the feature threshold is determined by the specific event trigger feature selected), it controls the pulse generator to generate an enable signal. Activate the corresponding analog-to-digital converter channel in the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module to start EEG signal acquisition. At the same time, the high-precision timing marking module records the current time point to complete high-precision timing labeling.

[0030] The enable terminal of the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module is connected to the output terminal of the event trigger perception module, and the input terminal of the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module receives multi-channel EEG signals. The asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module dynamically sets the sampling window according to the event type and historical response timing.

[0031] All collected data in the high-precision time-series tagging module is bound to event trigger timestamps, audio stimulation information, and brain region numbers, forming a structured, high-temporal-resolution EEG dataset. Upon trigger event recognition, the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module immediately initiates sampling of the corresponding brain region and automatically sets the sampling window based on the event type and historical response timing, completing high-precision, non-fixed-time, region-specific acquisition.

[0032] The specific method includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S1: Generate an audio stimulation protocol through an event induction module to induce a neural response event in the human body.

[0034] Step S2: collecting multi-channel EEG signals generated by the neural response event through electrodes.

[0035] Step S3: The event feature conditioning module performs impedance matching, filtering, amplification, and DC offset removal on the multi-channel EEG signals. After the event feature conditioning module enhances the event triggering features of the multi-channel EEG signals from different brain regions, they enter the event trigger perception module for feature matching.

[0036] Step S4: When the event triggering perception module triggers the feature matching threshold, it sends an enable signal to the timing marking module and the acquisition module.

[0037] Step S5: The acquisition module starts signal acquisition from the target brain region and dynamically sets a sampling window. In step S5, dynamically setting the sampling window includes automatically setting the window duration based on the event type and modifying the sampling start time point based on historical response delays.

[0038] Step S6: The timing marking module records the timestamp and binds it with the collected data, audio stimulation information, and brain region number.

[0039] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned asynchronous EEG acquisition system and method based on the event trigger mechanism, which is designed based on the natural asynchronous activity rules of the brain, and does not force synchronous acquisition, which more realistically reflects the excitation and conduction sequence between brain regions; through the hardware-level event trigger unit, it can accurately capture event responses in real time, far exceeding the traditional synchronous system; it only activates acquisition when the event is triggered, significantly reducing invalid data and energy consumption, and is suitable for deployment in mobile devices or long-term monitoring scenarios.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An asynchronous EEG acquisition system based on event triggering mechanism, characterized in that: It includes an event induction module, a multi-channel EEG signal, an event feature conditioning module, an event trigger perception module, a high-precision timing marking module and an asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module. The event feature conditioning module has an input end that directly receives the multi-channel EEG signal. The event trigger perception module has an input end that is connected to the output end of the event feature conditioning module. The high-precision timing marking module is controlled by the output end of the event trigger perception module. The enable end of the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module is connected to the output end of the event triggering perception module, and the input end of the asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module receives multi-channel EEG signals.

2. The asynchronous EEG acquisition system based on event triggering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The event elicitation module includes audio stimulation protocols of varying frequencies, intensities, and rhythms.

3. The asynchronous EEG acquisition system based on event triggering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The event feature conditioning module includes an impedance matching circuit, a filtering circuit, a low-noise differential operational amplifier and a DC servo circuit based on negative feedback technology.

4. The asynchronous EEG acquisition system based on event triggering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: An asynchronous chip is provided in the event trigger perception module.

5. The asynchronous EEG acquisition system based on event triggering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asynchronous EEG signal acquisition module dynamically sets the sampling window according to the event type and historical response timing.

6. A method of an asynchronous EEG acquisition system based on an event-triggered mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: generating an audio stimulation protocol through an event induction module to induce a neural response event in the human body; Step S2: collecting multi-channel EEG signals generated by the neural response event through electrodes; Step S3: The event feature conditioning module performs impedance matching, filtering, amplification, and DC offset elimination on the multi-channel EEG signals; after the multi-channel EEG signals from different brain regions have enhanced the event triggering features through the event feature conditioning module, they enter the event triggering perception module for feature matching; Step S4: When the event triggering sensing module triggers the feature matching threshold, it sends an enable signal to the timing marking module and the acquisition module; Step S5: The acquisition module starts the acquisition of target brain area signals and dynamically sets the sampling window; Step S6: The timing marking module records the timestamp and binds it with the collected data, audio stimulation information, and brain region number.

7. The method of an asynchronous EEG acquisition system based on an event triggering mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, dynamically setting the sampling window includes automatically setting the window duration according to the event type and correcting the sampling start time point according to the historical response delay.

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