Offshore floating type wind power foundation and wind power structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, in particular to an offshore floating type wind power foundation and a wind power structure. Floating barrels are connected pairwise through floating boxes to form a triangular structure, stand columns are connected pairwise through supporting structures to form a triangular structure, and the bottom layers of the stand columns are arranged in the floating barrels in a sleeved mode to form fixed connection; the buoyancy tanks, the buoys, the stand columns and the supporting structures are connected into a whole, and overall stress is formed; water exchange can be carried out between the two adjacent anti-tilting water cabins of the two adjacent stand columns, and anti-tilting adjustment can be achieved; other layers above the bottom layer of the stand column are provided with safety storage cabins which can be used as storage buoyancy; heaving cabins are arranged between the buoys and the corresponding stand columns, so that the overall stability is improved; according to the offshore floating type wind power foundation, drainage and ballasting can be conducted on the first ballast tanks on the bottom layers of the different stand columns and the second ballast tanks in the buoyancy tanks, the draft depth and the dip angle of the offshore floating type wind power foundation are adjusted, then the tower drum foundation can be arranged on the top face of one stand column and used for being connected with a tower drum, and hoisting is simpler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, and in particular to an offshore floating wind power foundation and a wind power structure. Background Art

[0002] Currently, offshore wind turbine generators are installed on floating foundations, which allow them to float on the sea. As marine development expands into deep-sea areas, traditional fixed structures are no longer sufficient for development in these areas, leading to increasing attention for deep-sea wind power. The largest floating offshore wind turbine in China is 16MW. Offshore wind power generally operates in deep-sea locations, such as 70 nautical miles offshore, where wind turbines utilize the high-quality winds of these locations to generate electricity. To improve the efficiency and stability of wind turbines, offshore wind turbine platforms are becoming increasingly larger. Currently, Y-shaped wind turbine foundations have been designed, with a total length of approximately 130 meters, a width of approximately 120 meters, a height of 6 meters, and a deadweight of approximately 10,000 tons. Equilateral triangular wind turbine foundations have also been designed, reaching lengths of 100 meters, widths of approximately 100 meters, heights of 37 meters, and a deadweight of approximately 12,000 tons.

[0003] From a structural perspective, existing equilateral triangular wind turbine foundations are steel structures, primarily suitable for shallow offshore waters where the upper turbine has a relatively low megawatt rating. In these shallow offshore waters, the hydrodynamic response is relatively good. However, moving further offshore, sea conditions become more severe, requiring the upper turbine to have a higher megawatt rating. These harsher sea conditions and larger upper structures place greater demands on the hydrodynamic response, including pitch and roll amplitude and frequency.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent application document with publication number CN117246464A discloses a semi-submersible three-cylinder foundation floating wind turbine foundation and its construction method, which includes a cylinder foundation, a transition section tower and suction piles. The lower edge of the cylinder foundation is connected to a heave plate, the upper part is connected to a cylinder column, and an anchor cable restraint device and a suction pile restraint device are arranged on the outside; the cylinder foundations are connected to each other through a ballast buoyancy box; the transition section tower is used to connect the upper wind turbine structure and the cylinder foundation; two suction piles are correspondingly arranged on the outside of each cylinder foundation, the upper end of the mooring anchor chain is connected to the anchor cable restraint device, and the lower end is connected to the anchor chain reception device. The above-mentioned semi-submersible three-cylinder foundation floating wind turbine foundation has a cylinder foundation and a cylinder column at the corners of the equilateral triangle, and three identical cylinder columns, several lower support rods, upper support rods, cylinder column connecting rods and central columns constitute a transition section tower for connecting the upper wind turbine structure. This structure is more suitable for smaller wind turbines. When the wind turbine is larger, such as when the height of the wind turbine reaches a larger scale such as 190m-200m, the size of the equilateral triangle will become larger, which will cause the hoisting span when the wind turbine is hoisted to the central column of the transition section tower to be longer, such as reaching a larger hoisting span of 56m-60m, which makes hoisting more difficult; in addition, since the wind turbine is installed on the central column of the transition section tower, and the column does not have draft capacity, the force of the upper support rods arranged horizontally between the columns needs to be set very strong to meet the force capacity of the large wind turbine.

[0005] If the wind turbine structure is directly connected to the column, although the lifting span can be shortened and the lifting difficulty can be reduced, it will make it difficult to ensure the overall stability in the sea. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing semi-submersible three-cylinder foundation floating wind turbine foundation, which has a large lifting span and is difficult when the wind turbine is hoisted to the central column of the transition section tower, and to provide an offshore floating wind power foundation and wind power structure.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an offshore floating wind turbine foundation, comprising: The columns are arranged in an equilateral triangle, the columns are arranged vertically, and two adjacent columns are connected by a supporting structure; the columns are divided into at least two layers in the vertical direction, the bottom layer of the columns is separated by at least two anti-tipping tanks and at least two first ballast tanks, and the other layers above the bottom layer of the columns are separated by a plurality of safety reserve tanks; the adjacent two anti-tipping tanks of two adjacent columns are connected by a two-way water pipe, and the two-way water pipe is provided with a two-way load adjustment pump; A buoy is provided on the outer side of the bottom layer of each column. The buoy is coaxially arranged with the corresponding column. A heave compartment is provided between the buoy and the corresponding column. The bottom plate of the heave compartment is connected to the outside world through a through hole. A mooring point is provided on the buoy; A buoyancy box, wherein two adjacent buoys are connected by the buoyancy box, and a plurality of second ballast tanks are provided in the buoyancy box; A channel, the channel being a circumferentially closed structure, the channel passing through the bottom layers of all buoys and columns and the pontoon, the portion of the channel within the pontoon being arranged along the length direction of the pontoon, the channel being provided with a main pipe arranged circumferentially along the channel, the main pipe being a circumferentially closed structure, the main pipe being connected to the outside through a pumping and drainage pipe, the pumping and drainage pipe being provided with a pumping and drainage pump; each first ballast tank and the second ballast tank being connected to the main pipe via a branch pipe respectively, each branch pipe being provided with a valve; A tower foundation is fixed to the top surface of one of the columns and is used to connect the tower.

[0008] The offshore floating wind power foundation described in this solution is a triangular structure formed by connecting the buoys in pairs through a pontoon, and connecting the columns in pairs through a supporting structure, and the bottom layer of the columns is sleeved inside the buoys and fixedly connected, so that the buoys, buoys, columns and supporting structure are connected as a whole to form an integral force; the bottom layer of the columns is separated by at least two anti-tilting water tanks, which can reduce the risk of damage; the adjacent two anti-tilting water tanks of two adjacent columns are connected by a two-way water pipe, and the two-way water pipe is provided with a two-way load adjustment pump, so that the adjacent two anti-tilting water tanks of two adjacent columns are connected Water can be exchanged between the tilting tanks to achieve anti-tilting adjustment; the other layers above the bottom layer of the column are separated by several safety reserve tanks, which can serve as reserve buoyancy and reduce the risk of damage to the tank, providing conditions for avoiding capsizing; a heaving tank is provided between the buoy and the corresponding column, and the bottom plate of the heaving tank is connected to the outside world through a through hole, so that the swaying at sea can be reduced and the overall stability can be improved; a mooring point is provided on the buoy, which can be used to moor and anchor the position of the offshore floating wind power foundation, limit the floating of the offshore floating wind power foundation, and prevent the offshore floating wind power foundation from moving out The predetermined working scope; all buoys, the bottom layer of the column and the pontoon are connected through a channel, which is a circumferentially closed structure, used to set up equipment such as the main channel and serve as a walking channel for maintenance personnel. The main channel is connected to the outside world through a drainage pipe, and can be used to pump water and drain water from the outside world through a drainage pump, and then through the opening and closing of the valve of the branch channel, it can be achieved to drain and ballast the first ballast tank and the second ballast tank of the different bottom layers, and then the first ballast tank of the column and the second ballast tank in the pontoon can be used for ballasting, which can ensure the draft depth of the offshore floating wind power foundation and use It is used to adjust the balance of the offshore floating wind power foundation, and the number of the first ballast tank and the second ballast tank is greater than 1, which can reduce the risk of damage to the tank; from the perspective of structural stability and the adjustment settings of ballast and anti-water-repelling used at sea, as well as the use of a safety reserve tank as a reserve buoyancy, it reduces the risk of damage to the tank and provides conditions for avoiding capsizing, thereby enabling the tower foundation to be set on the top surface of one of the columns for connecting the tower, which enables the column with the tower foundation to be close to the starting lifting point when hoisting the tower and the wind turbine as a whole, thereby reducing the lifting span and making the lifting simpler.

[0009] Preferably, a cross-shaped bulkhead is provided inside the column, the cross-shaped bulkhead being vertically arranged and connected to the bottom and side surfaces of the column; the cross-shaped bulkhead divides the other layers above the bottom layer of the column into a plurality of safety reserve compartments; the cross-shaped bulkhead divides the bottom layer of the column into four spaces, two spaces located outside the regular triangle arrangement of the four spaces serve as the anti-tipping compartments, and the remaining two spaces are respectively provided with two first ballast compartments and a portion of the passage, wherein the portion of the passage is located between the anti-tipping compartment and the first ballast compartment; The portion of the passage in the pontoon is located in the transverse middle of the pontoon, and a plurality of second ballast tanks are continuously arranged along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon on both transverse sides of the pontoon, and the second ballast tanks on both transverse sides of the pontoon are correspondingly arranged.

[0010] Preferably, each of the columns is provided with a drainage pipe, each of the drainage pipes passes through the first ballast tank and the corresponding buoy's heave tank and is connected to the outside world, and each of the drainage pipes is provided with a drainage pump, which is arranged in a channel inside the column.

[0011] Preferably, each of the columns is provided with two drainage pipes, which pass through the two first ballast tanks of the column and the corresponding heave tank of the buoy and then connect to the outside world. The two drainage pipes are symmetrically arranged about the transverse bulkhead between the two first ballast tanks.

[0012] Preferably, one of the water pumping and drainage pipes at the column is provided with a draft detection device, the draft detection device is located in the channel, and the draft detection device is located between the water pumping and drainage pump and the adjacent first ballast tank.

[0013] Preferably, the buoy is a steel shell concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure, the column is a steel shell concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure, and the pontoon is a steel shell concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure. The cross-shaped bulkhead is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure; The side walls of the passage and the transverse bulkhead between two longitudinally adjacent second ballast tanks in the pontoon are reinforced concrete structures or steel structures.

[0014] Preferably, the buoyancy box has two sides in the transverse direction that are arc-shaped and protrude outwards; And / or, the supporting structure is a rectangular tube, the supporting structure is a steel structure, and the top surface of the supporting structure is arranged horizontally; and / or, a triangular bracket is provided between the top of the column and the underside of the adjacent end of the support structure; And / or, the outer side surface of the column gradually expands downward on the top surface of the buoy; And / or, the pontoon and the side walls of the channel inside the pontoon are both reinforced concrete structures, the pontoon is provided with a plurality of prestressed beams along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon at intervals along its circumference, and the side walls of the channel inside the pontoon are provided with a plurality of prestressed beams along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon at intervals along its height direction.

[0015] Preferably, all channel parts in the pontoon are provided with an electronic inclinometer in the longitudinal middle of the pontoon, a measuring box is provided in the channel, and all the electronic inclinometers are electrically connected to the measuring box.

[0016] Preferably, the tower foundation is in a truncated cone shape, and the top diameter of the tower foundation is smaller than the bottom diameter; And / or, the mooring point is arranged at the bottom of the side of the buoy, and the mooring point is located outside the equilateral triangle formed by the buoy and the pontoon.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an offshore floating wind power structure, comprising a wind turbine, a tower and the offshore floating wind power foundation, wherein the tower is connected to the top surface of the tower foundation through a flange, and the wind turbine is connected to the tower.

[0018] The present invention provides an offshore floating wind power structure. By connecting a wind turbine to the tower, and connecting the tower to a tower foundation above one of the columns of the offshore floating wind power foundation through a flange, the structure is easier to install and has high structural stability. It can adjust the draft depth and offshore balance by adjusting the load, and can also achieve anti-tilting adjustment, making it safer for use at sea.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides an offshore floating wind turbine foundation, which reduces the risk of damage to the cabin from the perspectives of structural stability, ballast and anti-tilting adjustment settings for use at sea, and uses a safety reserve tank as reserve buoyancy to provide conditions for avoiding capsizing. It also enables the tower foundation to be set on the top surface of one of the columns for connecting the tower. This allows the column with the tower foundation to be placed close to the starting lifting point when hoisting the tower and wind turbine as a whole, thereby reducing the hoisting span and making hoisting simpler.

[0020] 2. The present invention provides an offshore floating wind power structure. By connecting the wind turbine to the tower, and connecting the tower to the tower foundation above one of the columns of the offshore floating wind power foundation through a flange, its hoisting is simpler and the structural stability is high. It can achieve draft depth adjustment and offshore balance adjustment by adjusting the load, and can also achieve anti-tilting adjustment, and is safer for use at sea. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an offshore floating wind power foundation; Figure 2 This is a front view of an offshore floating wind turbine foundation; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at the middle BB; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle ellipse A; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle ellipse B; Figure 7 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at CC; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an offshore floating wind power structure; Figure 9 This is a side view of an offshore floating wind turbine structure; Figure 10 This is a front view of an offshore floating wind turbine structure; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Cross-sectional view at DD in the middle; Figure 12 for Figure 10 Cross-sectional view at EE; Figure 13 for Figure 12 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle circle C.

[0022] Markings in the figure: 1. Column; 11. Cross-shaped bulkhead; 12. Anti-heeling tank; 121. Two-way water pipe; 122. Two-way load-control pump; 13. First ballast tank; 14. Safety reserve tank; 15. Gradual expansion part; 2. Float; 21. Heave tank; 26. Mooring point; 3. Float; 31. Transverse bulkhead; 32. Second ballast tank; 33. Arc; 311. Prestressed beam; 4. Support structure; 41. Triangular bracket; 5. Tower; 51. Tower foundation; 6. Fan; 7. Passageway; 71. Passageway side wall; 8. Main channel; 81. Pumping and drainage pipe; 82. Pumping and drainage pump; 83. Branch channel; 84. Valve; 91. Draft detection device; 92. Electronic inclinometer; 93. Measuring box; 94. Stairs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments, as all technologies implemented based on the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inside", and "outside", are based on the expressions of the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or positional relationship in which the invented product / device / apparatus is placed when it is conventionally used. These terms of orientation or positional relationship are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description of the specific embodiments to facilitate the rapid understanding of the scheme by technicians, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simply understood that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", and "parallel", and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the solution of the present invention.

[0026] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. in the terms are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0027] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several," "plurality," and "a number" represent at least two. It can also be any number such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or even more than nine.

[0028] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified, defined, or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," "provided with," "laid," and "arranged" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections. They may be welded, riveted, bolted, threaded, or other commonly used connection methods in the art. Such connections may be mechanical, electrical, or communicative; they may be direct, indirect via an intermediate medium, or internally connected between two components.

[0029] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an offshore floating wind turbine foundation, including: a column 1, a buoy 2, a pontoon 3, a support structure 4 and a tower foundation 51, wherein the number of the column 1, the buoy 2, the pontoon 3 and the support structure 4 is three, and the number of the tower foundation 51 is one.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the three columns 1 are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The columns 1 are set vertically. The columns 1 are steel shell concrete structures or reinforced concrete structures, which have better stress-bearing performance and high durability. The tops of two adjacent columns 1 are connected by a support structure 4 to form an equilateral triangle structure, which is jointly stressed. The bottom outer side of each column 1 is provided with a buoy 2. The buoy 2 and the corresponding column 1 are coaxially arranged, and a fixed connection is formed between the column 1 and the corresponding buoy 2. The adjacent two buoys 2 are connected by a pontoon 3 to form an equilateral triangle structure at the bottom, which is jointly stressed. That is, the pontoon 3, buoy 2, column 1 and support structure 4 are all connected as a whole, forming a whole stressed.

[0031] According to experimental research, the force between the top of the column 1 and the adjacent end of the support structure 4 is relatively large, which is a weak point. A triangular bracket 41 is provided between the top of the column 1 and the bottom of the adjacent end of the support structure 4 to ensure the force-bearing capacity of this location.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the outer side surface of the column 1 gradually expands downward on the top surface of the buoy 2, so that a gradually expanding portion 15 can be formed at the transition between the column 1 and the buoy 2. Figure 7 As shown, stability can be improved.

[0033] The buoy 2 is provided with mooring points 26, which can be used to anchor the offshore floating wind turbine foundation, limit the floating of the offshore floating wind turbine foundation, and prevent the offshore floating wind turbine foundation from moving out of the predetermined working range. The buoy 2 is a steel shell concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the mooring point 26 is provided at the bottom of the side of the buoy 2. The mooring point 26 is located outside the equilateral triangle formed by the buoy 2 and the pontoon 3, which can make mooring and anchoring more convenient and stable.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the support structure 4 is a rectangular tube, the support structure 4 is a steel structure, and the top surface of the support structure 4 is arranged horizontally, which can facilitate the placement of ballast on the top surface of the support structure 4 for performing a tilt test.

[0036] Furthermore, railings are provided on both sides of the top surface of the support structure 4 in the lateral direction, so that people can pass through the top surface of the support structure 4 and serve as a passage from one pillar to another.

[0037] In this embodiment, the pillars 1 are divided into at least two layers in the vertical direction. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, the column 1 is divided into two layers in the vertical direction, wherein the bottom surface elevation of the bottom layer of the column 1 is equal to the bottom surface elevation of the buoy 2, and the top surface elevation of the bottom layer of the column 1 is equal to the top surface elevation of the buoy 2, so that a heave compartment 21 is formed between the inner wall, top plate and bottom plate of the buoy 2 and the outer wall of the bottom layer of the column 1, and the lateral dimension of the buoy 2 is larger than the lateral dimension of the column 1. The bottom plate of the heave compartment 21 is connected to the outside world through a through hole, so that the heave performance is better, the amplitude and frequency of the swing will become smaller, the shaking at sea can be reduced, and the overall stability can be improved; the size of the through hole can be set to about 60 mm, which can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0038] In this embodiment, the bottom layer of the column 1 is separated by at least two anti-tilting tanks 12 and at least two first ballast tanks 13 , and other layers above the bottom layer of the column 1 are separated by a plurality of safety reserve tanks 14 .

[0039] The two adjacent anti-tilt water tanks 12 of the two adjacent columns 1 are connected by a two-way water pipe 121, and the two-way water pipe 121 is provided with a two-way load adjustment pump 122, so that the two adjacent anti-tilt water tanks 12 of the two adjacent columns 1 can exchange water, thereby realizing anti-tilt adjustment; Figure 4 As shown in , when the offshore floating wind turbine foundation tilts to the left in the sea, the water in the anti-tilt water tank 12 on the left side can be adjusted to the anti-tilt water tank 12 on the right side by controlling the bidirectional load adjustment pump 122, thereby ensuring balance and achieving anti-tilt water adjustment; conversely, when the offshore floating wind turbine foundation tilts to the right in the sea, the water in the anti-tilt water tank 12 on the right side can be adjusted to the anti-tilt water tank 12 on the left side by controlling the bidirectional load adjustment pump 122, thereby ensuring balance and achieving anti-tilt water adjustment. The bottom layer of the column 1 is separated by at least two anti-tilt water tanks 12, which can reduce the risk of damage. If one of the anti-tilt water tanks 12 is damaged and connected to the external seawater, the remaining anti-tilt water tank 12 of the column 1 can be used to achieve anti-tilt water tank 12 adjustment.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the other layers above the bottom layer of the column 1 are separated by a number of safety reserve compartments 14. Since the other layers above the bottom layer of the column 1 are located above, and the offshore floating wind power foundation is a semi-submersible structure, the part located at the bottom layer of the column 1 will be drafted first, so that the several safety reserve compartments 14 separated by the other layers above the bottom layer can be used as reserve buoyancy. There is more than one safety reserve compartment 14, and they are separated and not connected to each other, so that the risk of damage to the compartment can be reduced and conditions are provided to avoid capsizing.

[0041] like Figure 4As shown, the first ballast tanks 13 at the bottom layer of the columns 1 are used for ballasting, allowing the offshore floating wind turbine foundation to penetrate a certain depth of the seawater. Controlling the ballast water volume in the first ballast tanks 13 of the three columns 1 also allows for leveling of the offshore floating wind turbine foundation within the sea. This is primarily used for ballasting and leveling during offshore installation. The bottom layer of the columns 1 is separated into at least two first ballast tanks 13, minimizing the risk of damage.

[0042] The pontoon 3 is a steel-shell concrete or reinforced concrete structure. Several second ballast tanks 32 are installed within the pontoon 3 to reduce the risk of damage. These second ballast tanks 32 are used for ballasting, allowing the offshore floating wind turbine foundation to penetrate a certain depth of the seawater. Controlling the ballast water volume in the second ballast tanks 32 of the three pontoons 3 also allows the offshore floating wind turbine foundation to be leveled offshore. This is primarily used for ballasting and leveling during offshore installation.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the pontoon 3 has arcs 33 protruding outward on both sides in the horizontal direction, such as an elliptical arc, a streamlined shape, etc., which can unload the force when the pontoon 3 is subjected to force, and can reduce the waterline area of ​​the pontoon when it is submerged, so that the waves have less impact on it.

[0044] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, all buoys 2, the bottom layer of columns 1 and pontoon 3 are connected through a channel 7, that is, the channel 7 passes through all buoys 2, the bottom layer of columns 1 and pontoon 3 to form a circumferentially closed structure, and the portion of the channel 7 inside the pontoon 3 is arranged along the length direction of the pontoon 3, so that the channel 7 is located inside the bottom of the offshore floating wind power foundation. The circumferentially closed structure can be as follows Figure 4 As shown in , it does not represent a circle, but a closed loop. The channel 7 is used to set up equipment such as the main channel 8 and serve as a walking channel for maintenance personnel. The channel 7 is provided with a main channel 8 arranged along the circumference of the channel 7. The main channel 8 is a circumferentially closed structure. The main channel 8 is connected to the outside world through a pumping and drainage pipe 81, and the pumping and drainage pipe 81 is provided with a pumping and drainage pump 82; the main channel 8 is connected to the outside world through the pumping and drainage pipe 81, and can pump water from the outside into the main channel and drain water from the main channel to the outside world through the pumping and drainage pump 82; each first ballast tank 13 and the second ballast tank 32 are respectively connected to the main channel 8 through a branch channel 83, and each branch channel 83 is provided with a valve 84. By opening and closing the valve 84 of the branch channel 83, drainage and ballasting can be achieved for different bottom-level first ballast tanks 13 and second ballast tanks 32, and then the first ballast tank 13 of the column 1 and the second ballast tank 32 in the pontoon 3 can be used for ballasting, which can ensure the draft depth of the offshore floating wind power foundation and be used to adjust the balance of the offshore floating wind power foundation.

[0045] In this embodiment, the channel side wall 71 is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure.

[0046] Optional implementations, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the pontoon 3 and the channel side wall 71 in the pontoon 3 are both reinforced concrete structures. The pontoon 3 is provided with a number of prestressed beams 311 along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon 3 at intervals along its circumference, and the channel side wall 71 in the pontoon 3 is provided with a number of prestressed beams 311 along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon 3 at intervals along its height direction, which can enhance the overall force bearing capacity of the pontoon and thereby enhance the stability of the offshore floating wind power foundation.

[0047] Optional implementations, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a cross-shaped bulkhead 11 is provided inside the column 1. The cross-shaped bulkhead 11 is a reinforced concrete or steel structure. The cross-shaped bulkhead 11 is vertically arranged and connected to the bottom and side surfaces of the column 1. The cross-shaped bulkhead 11 separates the other layers above the bottom layer of the column 1 into several safety reserve compartments 14. The cross-shaped bulkhead 11 divides the bottom layer of the column 1 into four spaces. The two spaces located outside the regular triangle arrangement serve as the anti-tipping tanks 12. The torque on the outside is greater, making the anti-tipping adjustment more effective. The remaining two spaces are respectively provided with two first ballast tanks 13 and a portion of the channel 7. This portion of the channel 7 is located between the anti-tipping tank 12 and the first ballast tank 13, facilitating the layout of the channel 7 and avoiding complex wiring of the main channel. The portion of the passage 7 inside the pontoon 3 is located in the transverse middle of the pontoon 3. A plurality of second ballast tanks 32 are continuously provided on both transverse sides of the pontoon 3 along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon 3. The second ballast tanks 32 on both transverse sides of the pontoon 3 are provided correspondingly, so that the transverse sides of the pontoon are balanced, which is beneficial to the stability of the offshore floating wind power foundation. The plurality of second ballast tanks 32 on each side of the pontoon can reduce the risk of damage to the tank and is beneficial to the adjustment of the level of the offshore floating wind power foundation during ballasting. Figure 5 As shown, two longitudinally adjacent second ballast tanks 32 in the pontoon 3 are separated by a transverse bulkhead 31 , and the two longitudinally adjacent second ballast tanks 32 are not connected. The transverse bulkhead 31 is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure.

[0048] Optional implementations, such as Figure 6As shown, each column 1 is provided with a pumping and drainage pipe 81. Each pumping and drainage pipe 81 passes through the first ballast tank 13 and the corresponding heave tank 21 of the pontoon 2 and then connects to the outside world. Each pumping and drainage pipe 81 is provided with a pumping and drainage pump 82. The pumping and drainage pump 82 is located in the channel 7 within the column 1 for easy maintenance. Placing the pumping and drainage pump 82 and the pumping and drainage pipe 81 at the column provides greater strength, safety, and space, making installation more convenient. Furthermore, the second ballast tanks of the adjacent pontoons 3 are closer, resulting in higher pumping and drainage efficiencies and better load adjustment efficiency. Furthermore, only three columns are provided with pumping and drainage pumps 82 and pumping and drainage pipes 81, requiring relatively few equipment but achieving higher ballast efficiency.

[0049] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, each column 1 is equipped with two drainage pipes 81. These pipes 81 pass through the two first ballast tanks 13 of the column 1 and the corresponding heave tank 21 of the pontoon 2, and then connect to the outside world. The two drainage pipes 81 are symmetrically arranged about the transverse bulkhead between the two first ballast tanks 13 to ensure balance. Furthermore, each column 1 has two drainage pumps 82 and drainage pipes 81. The drainage pump 82 can be selected based on distance. Furthermore, if one drainage pump 82 and drainage pipe 81 on a column 1 is damaged and unusable, the other drainage pump 82 and drainage pipe 81 can be used to drain the main channel.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, one of the pumping and drainage pipes 81 at the column 1 is provided with a draft detection device 91. The draft detection device 91 is located within the channel 7 for easy maintenance. The draft detection device 91 is located between the pumping and drainage pump 82 and the adjacent first ballast tank 13. The draft detection device 91 is directly connected to the outside world through the pumping and drainage pipe 81. That is, when in seawater, the water pressure at that depth can be directly measured, and the draft depth can be calculated based on the water pressure. By installing the draft detection devices 91 at the three columns 1, the draft depths at the three columns 1 can be directly measured, and it can be determined whether the ballast is in place and whether there is an inclination. The measurement effect of installing the draft detection devices 91 at the three columns 1 is better than that of other locations. Figure 6 In the example, a measurement box 93 is installed at column 1. The detection results of the draft detection device 91 are collected in this measurement box 93, and analyzed and controlled by the measurement box 93. The measurement box 93 can be installed at only one column 1. The data measured by the draft detection devices 91 at all three columns 1 are collected in the measurement box 93. A wired communication connection via optical cable is established to ensure real-time communication.

[0051] like Figure 5As shown, all channels 7 within the pontoon 3 are provided with electronic inclinometers 92 in the longitudinal middle of the pontoon 3, and all electronic inclinometers 92 are electrically connected to the measuring box 93. By placing electronic inclinometers 92 at these three locations to measure inclination, the measurement accuracy is higher than that of electronic inclinometers 92 placed at other locations.

[0052] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the two-way water pipe 121, the two-way load regulating pump 122, the main channel 8, the drainage pump 82, the branch channel 83, the valve 84, the draft detection device 91, the electronic inclinometer 92 and the measuring box are all arranged in the channel for easy installation and maintenance. Figure 6 As shown, a staircase 94 extending upward is provided in the passage inside the column where the measuring box is provided, so that maintenance personnel can enter the column 1 from the side and then enter the bottom passage 7 through the staircase 94.

[0053] From the perspective of structural stability, ballast and anti-tilting adjustment settings for use at sea, and the use of a safety reserve tank 14 as reserve buoyancy, the risk of damage to the tank is reduced, providing conditions for avoiding capsizing, thereby enabling the tower foundation 51 to be set on the top surface of one of the columns 1 for connecting the tower 5. This allows the column 1 with the tower foundation 51 to be placed close to the starting lifting point when hoisting the tower 5 and the wind turbine 6 as a whole, thereby reducing the lifting span and making the lifting simpler.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, the tower foundation 51 is in a truncated cone shape, and the top diameter of the tower foundation 51 is smaller than the bottom diameter, so that it can bear the force better, reduce the impact of wind vibration on it, and make the tower foundation 51 not easy to break.

[0055] Example 2 like Figures 8-13 As shown, an offshore floating wind turbine structure includes a wind turbine 6, a tower 5, and the offshore floating wind turbine foundation described in Example 1. The tower 5 is connected to the top surface of the tower foundation 51 via a flange, and the wind turbine 6 is connected to the tower 5. By connecting the wind turbine 6 to the tower 5, and the tower 5 is connected to the tower foundation 51 above one of the columns of the offshore floating wind turbine foundation via a flange, the structure is easier to install and has high structural stability. It can achieve draft adjustment and offshore balance adjustment through load adjustment, and can also achieve anti-heeling adjustment, making it safer for offshore use.

[0056] During installation, the offshore floating wind turbine foundation is first launched into the water, and the offshore floating wind turbine foundation is preliminarily anchored to the shore through the mooring point 26 on the buoy 2; then the drainage pump 82 and the valve 84 of the branch pipe 83 corresponding to each first ballast tank 13 and the second ballast tank 32 are opened, and water is pumped from the sea into the main pipe 8 through the drainage pipe 81, and then pressed into each first ballast tank 13 and the second ballast tank 32 from the main pipe 8, and water is injected into the anti-tilting tank 12. At the same time, the pressure is detected by the draft detection device 91, and the measuring box calculates the draft depth according to the pressure detected by the draft detection device 91. The electronic inclinometer 92 measures the inclination angle. When the draft depth of the offshore floating wind turbine foundation reaches the design value and the offshore floating wind turbine foundation is horizontal, the valves and the drainage pump 82 are closed. The posture of the offshore floating wind power foundation is adjusted so that the column with the tower foundation 51 is close to the shore, and then the tower 5 and the wind turbine 6 are hoisted on the shore. Since the weight of the tower 5 and the wind turbine 6 directly acts on the column with the tower foundation 51, the offshore floating wind power foundation has an inclination and a draft change. According to the monitoring results of the draft detection device 91 and the electronic inclinometer 92, the ballasting or drainage of the corresponding first ballast tank 13 and the second ballast tank 32 is achieved by opening the drainage pump 82 of the corresponding column and opening the corresponding valve 84, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the hoisting process.

[0057] During transportation, the offshore floating wind power structure is floated to the designated installation area.

[0058] During operation, when wind and waves cause the offshore floating wind turbine foundation to experience a small tilt angle change, the corresponding bidirectional load adjustment pump 122 is opened according to the tilt angle, and the corresponding bidirectional water pipe 121 is used to exchange water in the anti-tilt water tank 12 between the two columns 1, thereby adjusting the level of the offshore floating wind turbine foundation. If the tank is damaged, ballasting, drainage, or anti-tilt adjustment is used according to the location of the damage to ensure the level adjustment of the offshore floating wind turbine foundation and the draft.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore floating wind power foundation, characterized in that: include: Columns (1), three columns (1) are arranged in an equilateral triangle, the columns (1) are arranged vertically, and two adjacent columns (1) are connected by a supporting structure (4); the columns (1) are divided into at least two layers in the vertical direction, the bottom layer of the columns (1) is separated by at least two anti-tipping tanks (12) and at least two first ballast tanks (13), and other layers above the bottom layer of the columns (1) are separated by a plurality of safety reserve tanks (14); two adjacent anti-tipping tanks (12) of two adjacent columns (1) are connected by a two-way water pipe (121), and the two-way water pipe is provided with a two-way load adjustment pump (122); A buoy (2), wherein the buoy (2) is sleeved on the outer side of the bottom layer of each column (1), the buoy (2) and the corresponding column (1) are coaxially arranged, a heave compartment (21) is provided between the buoy (2) and the corresponding column (1), the bottom plate of the heave compartment (21) is connected to the outside through a through hole, and a mooring point (26) is provided on the buoy (2); A buoyancy box (3), wherein two adjacent buoys (2) are connected via the buoyancy box (3), and a plurality of second ballast tanks (32) are provided in the buoyancy box (3); A channel (7), wherein the channel (7) is a circumferentially closed structure, the channel (7) passes through the bottom layers of all buoys (2), columns (1) and pontoons (3), the portion of the channel (7) in the pontoons (3) is arranged along the length direction of the pontoons (3), the channel (7) is provided with a main channel (8) arranged along the circumference of the channel (7), the main channel (8) is a circumferentially closed structure, the main channel (8) is connected to the outside through a pumping and drainage pipe (81), and the pumping and drainage pipe (81) is provided with a pumping and drainage pump (82); each first ballast tank (13) and the second ballast tank (32) are respectively connected to the main channel (8) through a branch channel (83), and each branch channel (83) is provided with a valve (84); A tower foundation (51), the tower foundation (51) is fixed to the top surface of one of the columns (1), and the tower foundation (51) is used to connect the tower (5).

2. The offshore floating wind power foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross-shaped bulkhead (11) is provided inside the column (1), and the cross-shaped bulkhead (11) is vertically arranged and connected to the bottom and side surfaces of the column (1); the cross-shaped bulkhead (11) divides the other layers above the bottom layer of the column (1) into a plurality of safety reserve compartments (14); the cross-shaped bulkhead (11) divides the bottom layer of the column (1) into four spaces, two spaces located outside the regular triangle arrangement of the four spaces serve as the anti-tipping compartments (12), and the remaining two spaces are respectively provided with two first ballast compartments (13) and a portion of the passage (7), and the portion of the passage (7) is located between the anti-tipping compartment (12) and the first ballast compartment (13); The portion of the passage (7) in the pontoon (3) is located in the transverse middle of the pontoon (3), and a plurality of second ballast tanks (32) are continuously arranged along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon (3) on both transverse sides of the pontoon (3), and the second ballast tanks (32) on both transverse sides of the pontoon (3) are correspondingly arranged.

3. The offshore floating wind power foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the columns (1) is provided with a drainage pipe (81), each of the drainage pipes (81) passes through the first ballast tank (13) and the heave tank (21) of the corresponding buoy (2) and is connected to the outside world, and each of the drainage pipes (81) is provided with a drainage pump (82), and the drainage pump (82) is arranged in a channel (7) in the column (1).

4. The offshore floating wind power foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two drainage pipes (81) are provided at each column (1). The two drainage pipes (81) pass through the two first ballast tanks (13) of the column (1) and the corresponding heave tank (21) of the buoy (2) and then communicate with the outside world. The two drainage pipes (81) are symmetrically arranged about the transverse bulkhead between the two first ballast tanks (13).

5. The offshore floating wind power foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water pumping and drainage pipe (81) at the column (1) is provided with a draft detection device (91), the draft detection device (91) is located in the channel (7), and the draft detection device (91) is located between the water pumping and drainage pump (82) and the adjacent first ballast tank (13).

6. The offshore floating wind power foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buoy (2) is a steel shell concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure, the column (1) is a steel shell concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure, and the pontoon (3) is a steel shell concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure. The cross-shaped bulkhead (11) is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure; The channel side wall (71) and the transverse bulkhead (31) between two longitudinally adjacent second ballast tanks (32) in the pontoon (3) are reinforced concrete structures or steel structures.

7. The offshore floating wind power foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy box (3) has arc-shaped (33) protruding outwards on both sides in the transverse direction; And / or, the support structure (4) is a rectangular tube, the support structure (4) is a steel structure, and the top surface of the support structure (4) is arranged horizontally; And / or, a triangular bracket (41) is provided between the top of the column (1) and the lower surface of the adjacent end of the support structure (4); And / or, the outer side surface of the column (1) gradually expands downward on the top surface of the buoy (2); And / or, the pontoon (3) and the channel side wall (71) in the pontoon (3) are both reinforced concrete structures, the pontoon (3) is provided with a plurality of prestressed beams (311) along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon (3) at intervals along its circumference, and the channel side wall (71) in the pontoon (3) is provided with a plurality of prestressed beams (311) along the longitudinal direction of the pontoon (3) at intervals along its height direction.

8. The offshore floating wind power foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the channels (7) in the buoyancy boxes (3) are provided with electronic inclinometers (92) in the longitudinal middle of the buoyancy boxes (3), and a measuring box (93) is provided in the channels (7). All the electronic inclinometers (92) are electrically connected to the measuring box (93).

9. The offshore floating wind power foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower base (51) is in a truncated cone shape, and the top surface diameter of the tower base (51) is smaller than the bottom surface diameter; And / or, the mooring point (26) is arranged at the bottom of the side of the buoy (2), and the mooring point (26) is located outside the equilateral triangle formed by the buoy (2) and the buoyancy box (3).

10. An offshore floating wind power structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a wind turbine (6), a tower (5) and an offshore floating wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tower (5) is connected to the top surface of the tower foundation (51) via a flange, and the wind turbine (6) is connected to the tower (5).

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