Pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system and a treatment method thereof. The integrated device system comprises a coal blending mechanism, a coal supply mechanism, a pyrolysis chamber, a transition area and a gasification chamber which are fixedly connected in sequence; a combustion chamber and a plurality of carbonization chambers are arranged in the pyrolysis chamber, and the area, without the carbonization chambers, in the pyrolysis chamber is the combustion chamber; according to the downward direction of the coal blending mechanism, the gasification chamber comprises a gasification section and a cooling section; and the diameter of the pyrolysis chamber > the diameter of the gasification section > the bottom diameter of the cooling section. According to the invention, by optimizing the structural characteristics of the integrated device system, the combination of two reaction processes of pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification is realized, so that the comprehensive and efficient utilization of coal classification and quality division is realized, and the integrated device is particularly suitable for the development of a low-order oil-rich coal whole industry chain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coal chemical industry, and in particular relates to a pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The low mechanical strength and brittleness of coal result in a very high yield of fine coal in the lignite production process. In general, the yield of fine coal in the production process of enterprises is above 30%, and some even reach 40%.

[0003] In recent years, many companies have also been working hard to transform traditional vertical pyrolysis furnaces and develop new types of furnaces for fine coal pyrolysis. The main reasons are as follows: 1. Due to the characteristics of coal quality, the pyrolysis principle of traditional vertical pyrolysis furnaces is only suitable for lump coal pyrolysis; 2. Failure to find a suitable way to store, transport and utilize fine coke after large-scale production.

[0004] In order to solve the pyrolysis problem of low-rank oil-rich coal with a full particle size of less than 30 mm, the present invention provides a pyrolysis-gasification integrated device system to solve the problem of pyrolysis of fine coal, and convert and utilize it on site to meet the development needs of modern large-scale chemical projects, and seek a suitable processing and utilization path for low-rank oil-rich coal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide an integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification system and its processing method. By optimizing the structural features of the integrated pyrolysis and gasification system, the present invention combines the two reaction modes of pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification, thereby achieving comprehensive and efficient utilization of coal by grade and quality. This is particularly suitable for the development of the entire industrial chain of low-grade oil-rich coal, pyrolysis for oil and gas extraction, and lignite gasification, and complies with national policies on the graded and quality-based utilization of coal.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification device system, the integrated device system comprising a coal blending mechanism, a coal supply mechanism, a pyrolysis chamber, a transition zone, and a gasification chamber fixedly connected in sequence;

[0008] The interior of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a combustion chamber and a plurality of carbonization chambers, and the area in the pyrolysis chamber where the carbonization chamber is not provided is the combustion chamber; according to the downward direction of the coal distribution mechanism, the gasification chamber includes a gasification section and a cooling section;

[0009] The diameter of the pyrolysis chamber is greater than the diameter of the gasification section and greater than the bottom diameter of the cooling section.

[0010] More specifically, the diameter ratio of the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, gasification section and cooling section is 18-22:10:2-3, for example, it can be 18:10:2, 20:10:2.5, 22:10:3 or 20:10:2, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0011] In the present invention, the cross-sectional integral sections of the pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system decrease in order of decreasing reactant amounts, and have a "nail-like" shape. The pyrolysis chamber is designed to establish a tubular structure mode based on the characteristics of the fine coal feeding, and an organized carbonization mode is performed. The carbonization chamber is inside the tube and the combustion chamber is outside the tube, which belongs to the external heating coal pyrolysis mode. The coal gas produced by the external heating pyrolysis mode has a high effective gas component and a higher calorific value than that of the internal heating pyrolysis mode, and has a high utilization value and can be used to synthesize chemical products or extract hydrogen to produce gas. The coal tar can be used to produce downstream chemical products such as gasoline, diesel, or aromatics.

[0012] Due to the non-stickiness and non-coking properties of low-grade oil-rich coal, the high-temperature semi-coke from the pyrolysis section has been pulverized. After homogenization treatment in the transition section, it enters the gasification section and is directly preheated rapidly with the gasifying agent entering the gasification section and reacts violently to generate synthesis gas and ash.

[0013] It is worth noting that the integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification device system provided by the present invention is not limited to normal pressure pyrolysis and fixed bed gasification; it is also applicable to pyrolysis-gasification methods such as pressurized pyrolysis and fluidized bed gasification.

[0014] The device system described in the present invention is a brand-new equipment, which realizes the integrated pyrolysis-gasification treatment of coal powder and plays a role in the comprehensive and efficient utilization of coal powder by grading and quality; it is in line with the national policy advocacy of coal grading and quality utilization.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cross-section of the pyrolysis chamber is in the shape of a square.

[0016] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the vaporization chamber comprises a circle;

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the coal blending mechanism includes a coal bin and a feeding spoon.

[0018] Preferably, the coal bunker is fixedly arranged on the top of the carbonization chamber; and the feeding spoon is installed on the bottom of the coal bunker.

[0019] Preferably, the coal supply mechanism includes a feed bin.

[0020] Preferably, the feeding bin is installed between the feeding spoon and the carbonization chamber; the outlet of the feeding bin is connected to the inlet of the carbonization chamber.

[0021] Preferably, the top and bottom ends of the feeding bin are independently provided with an upper serial flap and a lower serial flap respectively; the upper serial flap and the lower serial flap are independently turned over by an upper serial flap valve and a lower serial flap valve respectively.

[0022] In the present invention, coal is supplied to the feed bin by controlling the valve body to flip through the valve stem, and coal is supplied to the carbonization chamber on a timed basis by controlling the valve body to flip through the valve stem of the lower serial flap valve; the combination of the upper serial flap valve, the feed bin, and the lower serial flap valve constitutes a "dual-chamber dual-valve" system for safely supplying coal to the pyrolysis chamber, and also provides the possibility for realizing pressurized pyrolysis.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the product outlet of the carbonization chamber is connected to the gas collecting tank through a bridge pipe.

[0024] Preferably, the outlet of the gas collecting tank is connected to the gas main pipe.

[0025] Preferably, the angle between the bridge tube and the carbonization chamber is ≤25°, for example, it can be 25°, 24°, 23°, 22°, 21° or 20°, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0026] In the present invention, the raw gas and tar produced by the carbonization chamber are transported to the gas collecting tank through the bridge pipe, then merged into the gas main pipe, and finally sent to the purification and separation section through the gas main pipe; in addition, the angle between the control pipe and the carbonization chamber is controlled to be ≤25° to prevent the raw gas from carrying out a large amount of coal powder.

[0027] Preferably, a serial coke pusher is provided at the bottom of the carbonization chamber.

[0028] In the present invention, the serial coke pusher drives the valve plate to rotate by rotating its internal main shaft to control the coke discharge and carbonization time, and at the same time plays the role of sealing the carbonization chamber.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a smoke outlet is provided on the side wall at the top of the pyrolysis chamber.

[0030] Preferably, a plurality of combustion-supporting agent inlets and fuel gas inlets are evenly arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the pyrolysis chamber in a circumferential direction.

[0031] Preferably, a flower-shaped partition is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber.

[0032] In the present invention, the flower-shaped partition is used to fix the carbonization chamber and can also be used to block the combustion chamber and the gasification chamber, but does not seal the bottom of the carbonization chamber, so that the red-hot charcoal after pyrolysis can smoothly enter the gasification chamber.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a deflection grid is provided inside the transition zone.

[0034] Preferably, in a direction away from the pyrolysis chamber, the top diameter of the baffle is smaller than the bottom diameter.

[0035] In the present invention, because the pyrolysis chamber is a square structure and the gasification chamber is a cylindrical structure, the transition zone is designed to be a "square to round" structure, and the deflection grid installed inside it is conducive to turbulence and homogenization of the lignite material flow entering the gasification chamber, so as to facilitate its full gasification; in addition, the middle and lower parts of the gasification section are areas of intense gasification reaction. The present invention can also weaken the probability of excessive combustion caused by excessive gasification agent entering the carbonization chamber through the grid due to excessive configuration of the gasifying agent by designing the deflection grid as a "small at the top and large at the bottom" structure.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the inner wall of the vaporization chamber is provided with a water cooling jacket.

[0037] Preferably, a syngas outlet is provided on the side wall of the top end of the gasification section.

[0038] Preferably, a plurality of gasifying agent inlets are evenly arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the gasification section in a circumferential direction.

[0039] Preferably, the cooling section has an inverted cone structure, and an ash and slag discharge mechanism is provided at the bottom of the cooling section.

[0040] Preferably, the side wall of the gasification section and the bottom side wall of the cooling section are independently provided with steam exhaust pipes.

[0041] Preferably, the outlet of the steam exhaust pipe is connected to the boiler drum.

[0042] Preferably, the boiler drum is used to separate steam and saturated water, and steam is produced at the top.

[0043] It is worth noting that the water-cooling jacket described in the present invention is mainly arranged on the inner wall of the cooling section and the inner wall of the middle and lower part of the gasification section, and mainly generates steam by radiation heating; in addition, the steam exhaust pipe arranged on the side wall of the gasification section is installed on the top of the water-cooling jacket.

[0044] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing pulverized coal, which is performed using the integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification device system provided in the first aspect.

[0045] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the processing method comprises the following steps:

[0046] (1) The raw material fine coal enters the carbonization chamber through the coal blending mechanism and the coal supply mechanism, and is pyrolyzed to obtain blue coal, raw coal gas and tar;

[0047] (2) The blue char obtained in step (1) is homogenized in the transition zone and then enters the gasification chamber, where it is mixed with a gasifying agent in the gasification section and then gasified to obtain synthesis gas.

[0048] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the particle size of the raw material fine coal is ≤30mm, for example, it can be 30mm, 26mm, 22mm, 18mm, 14mm, 10mm or 6mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0049] Preferably, the temperature of the pyrolysis treatment in step (1) is 500-700°C, for example, it can be 500°C, 540°C, 580°C, 620°C, 660°C or 700°C, but is not limited to the listed values. Other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0050] In the present invention, in the pyrolysis treatment of step (1), the carbonization chamber is a plurality of cylindrical pipes having a certain height, so that the raw material fine coal sinks according to its own gravity after entering the carbonization chamber. During the sinking process, the raw material fine coal provides heat to the combustion chamber for preheating treatment, and then undergoes medium-low temperature pyrolysis in the middle and lower sections of the carbonization chamber;

[0051] In addition, the combustion-supporting agent used in the pyrolysis process includes combustion-supporting air and / or oxygen-enriched air.

[0052] Preferably, the raw gas and tar in step (1) are discharged through the gas main pipe.

[0053] Preferably, the gasifying agent comprises steam and / or oxygen.

[0054] Preferably, the temperature of the gasification treatment in step (2) is not lower than 1200°C, for example, it can be 1200°C, 1220°C, 1240°C, 1260°C, 1280°C or 1300°C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0055] In the present invention, the blue char (i.e., ash, solid waste) after gasification treatment is discharged through the ash discharge mechanism; in addition, the present invention does not limit the mass ratio of the gasifying agent and blue char in step (2), and those skilled in the art can determine the amount of gasifying agent added according to actual working conditions.

[0056] The pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system and coal powder processing method provided by the present invention have relatively wide applicability and have a profound impact on the low-grade coal fractionation and utilization industry. The device system and processing method provided by the present invention can achieve the following effects: (1) It overcomes the defect that the final coal of the traditional vertical pyrolysis furnace cannot be pyrolyzed, and realizes the possibility of full pyrolysis of valuable low-grade oil-rich coal; (2) It shortens the number of conversions in the traditional utilization of coal resources and improves the conversion efficiency of coal resources; it reduces the cooling section of the semi-coke and directly uses its heat to quickly preheat and react with the gasifying agent, eliminating the drying and preheating sections of the original gasifier; (3) It realizes the graded and fractionated utilization of coal resources: the pyrolysis process extracts oil and gas, and the semi-coke produced is directly gasified, realizing the full use of resources; (4) It not only simplifies the problem of high-temperature transportation of fine coke, but also eliminates the need for storage and transportation, and reduces the investment in the construction of storage and transportation facilities; one device can complete the two processes of pyrolysis and gasification, and there is no need to build semi-coke storage and transportation facilities.

[0057] The numerical range described in the present invention includes not only the point values ​​listed above, but also any point values ​​between the above numerical ranges that are not listed. Due to space limitations and for the sake of simplicity, the present invention no longer exhaustively lists the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] (1) The integrated pyrolysis and gasification device system provided by the present invention solves the problem of medium-low temperature pyrolysis of all low-rank oil-rich coals, and realizes efficient utilization of all low-rank oil-rich coals by classification and quality;

[0060] (2) The integrated pyrolysis and gasification system provided by the present invention improves the efficiency of coal resource conversion;

[0061] (3) The integrated pyrolysis and gasification device system provided by the present invention solves the problem of high-temperature transportation of fine coke between the pyrolysis furnace and the gasification furnace, reduces the number of conversions between different processes, and improves conversion efficiency;

[0062] (4) The integrated pyrolysis and gasification device system provided by the present invention realizes the reset of the existing semi-coke industry: coal is fed once, first carbonized and upgraded, and then gasified to produce gas. Through graded and quality-based utilization, low-grade oil-rich coal can be fully utilized, making it easier for the entire semi-coke industry to achieve chain extension, chain supplementation, and high-quality development;

[0063] (5) The integrated pyrolysis and gasification device system provided by the present invention is easy to couple with large chemical projects and can be used as a front-end raw material production device for large chemical projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 This is an elevation view of the integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification system provided by the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 A plan view of the combustion chamber pipeline provided by the present invention;

[0066] Among them, 1 is a coal bunker, 2 is a feeding spoon, 3 is an upper serial flap valve, 4 is a feeding bin, 5 is a lower serial flap valve, 6 is a gas collecting tank, 7 is a bridge pipe, 8 is a coal gas main pipe, 9 is a carbonization chamber, 10 is a combustion chamber, 11 is a serial coke pusher, 12 is a flower-shaped partition, 13 is a baffle, 14 is a water-cooled jacket, 15 is an ash and slag discharge mechanism, 16 is a boiler drum, 17 is a flue gas outlet, 18 is an combustion aid inlet, 19 is a fuel gas inlet, 20 is a synthesis gas outlet, 21 is a gasifying agent inlet, 22 is a gasification section, 23 is a cooling section, and 24 is a transition zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by way of specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are merely to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0068] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the integrated device system includes a coal blending mechanism, a coal supply mechanism, a pyrolysis chamber, a transition zone 24 and a gasification chamber which are fixedly connected in sequence;

[0069] The interior of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a combustion chamber 10 and a plurality of carbonization chambers 9, and the area in the pyrolysis chamber where the carbonization chamber 9 is not provided is the combustion chamber 10;

[0070] According to the downward direction of the coal distribution mechanism, the gasification chamber includes a gasification section 22 and a cooling section 23;

[0071] The diameter ratio of the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, the gasification section 22 and the cooling section 23 is 18-22:10:2-3;

[0072] The cross-sectional shape of the pyrolysis chamber includes a square; the cross-sectional shape of the gasification chamber includes a circle;

[0073] The coal blending mechanism includes a coal bunker 1 and a feeding spoon 2;

[0074] The coal bunker 1 is fixedly arranged on the top of the carbonization chamber 9; the feeding spoon 2 is installed on the bottom of the coal bunker 1;

[0075] The coal feeding mechanism includes a feed bin 4; the feed bin 4 is installed between the feeding spoon 2 and the carbonization chamber 9; the outlet of the feed bin 4 is connected to the inlet of the carbonization chamber 9; the top and bottom ends of the feed bin 4 are independently provided with an upper serial flap and a lower serial flap; the upper serial flap and the lower serial flap are independently turned over by an upper serial flap valve 3 and a lower serial flap valve 5 respectively;

[0076] The combustion chamber pipeline plan is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the product outlet of the carbonization chamber 9 is connected to the gas collecting tank 6 through a bridge pipe 7; the outlet of the gas collecting tank 6 is connected to the coal gas main pipe 8; the angle between the bridge pipe 7 and the carbonization chamber 9 is ≤25°; a serial coke pusher 11 is provided at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 9;

[0077] The side wall at the top of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a flue gas outlet 17; the side wall at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber is evenly provided with a number of combustion-supporting agent inlets 18 and fuel gas inlets 19 in a circumferential direction; the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a flower-shaped partition 12;

[0078] A baffle 13 is provided inside the transition zone 24; in the direction away from the pyrolysis chamber, the top diameter of the baffle 13 is smaller than the bottom diameter;

[0079] The inner wall of the gasification chamber is provided with a water-cooling jacket 14; the side wall at the top end of the gasification section 22 is provided with a synthesis gas outlet 20; the side wall at the bottom end of the gasification section 22 is evenly provided with a plurality of gasifying agent inlets 21 in the circumferential direction; the cooling section 23 has an inverted cone structure, and the bottom of the cooling section 23 is provided with an ash and slag discharge mechanism 15; the side wall of the gasification section 22 and the side wall at the bottom of the cooling section 23 are independently provided with steam exhaust pipes; the outlet of the steam exhaust pipe is connected to the boiler drum 16.

[0080] In another specific embodiment, the present invention provides a method for treating pulverized coal using the above-mentioned device system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0081] (1) Raw coal with a particle size of ≤30mm enters the carbonization chamber through the coal blending mechanism and the coal supply mechanism, and is pyrolyzed to obtain semi-coke, raw coal gas and tar;

[0082] The temperature of the pyrolysis treatment is 500-700°C, and the raw gas and tar are discharged through the gas main pipe 8;

[0083] (2) The blue char obtained in step (1) is homogenized in the transition zone and then enters the gasification chamber, where it is mixed with a gasifying agent in the gasification section and then gasified to obtain synthesis gas;

[0084] Wherein, the temperature of the gasification treatment is not lower than 1200°C.

[0085] Example 1

[0086] This embodiment provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the integrated device system includes a coal blending mechanism, a coal supply mechanism, a pyrolysis chamber, a transition zone 24 and a gasification chamber which are fixedly connected in sequence;

[0087] The interior of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a combustion chamber 10 and a plurality of carbonization chambers 9, and the area in the pyrolysis chamber where the carbonization chamber 9 is not provided is the combustion chamber 10;

[0088] According to the downward direction of the coal distribution mechanism, the gasification chamber includes a gasification section 22 and a cooling section 23;

[0089] The diameter ratio of the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, gasification section 22 and cooling section 23 is 20:10:3;

[0090] The cross-sectional shape of the pyrolysis chamber includes a square; the cross-sectional shape of the gasification chamber includes a circle;

[0091] The coal blending mechanism includes a coal bunker 1 and a feeding spoon 2;

[0092] The coal bunker 1 is fixedly arranged on the top of the carbonization chamber 9; the feeding spoon 2 is installed on the bottom of the coal bunker 1;

[0093] The coal feeding mechanism includes a feed bin 4; the feed bin 4 is installed between the feeding spoon 2 and the carbonization chamber 9; the outlet of the feed bin 4 is connected to the inlet of the carbonization chamber 9; the top and bottom ends of the feed bin 4 are independently provided with an upper serial flap and a lower serial flap; the upper serial flap and the lower serial flap are independently turned over by an upper serial flap valve 3 and a lower serial flap valve 5 respectively;

[0094] The product outlet of the carbonization chamber 9 is connected to the gas main pipe 8 through a bridge pipe 7; the angle between the bridge pipe 7 and the carbonization chamber 9 is 23 degrees; a serial coke pusher 11 is provided at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 9;

[0095] The side wall at the top of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a flue gas outlet 17; the side wall at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber is evenly provided with a number of combustion-supporting agent inlets 18 and fuel gas inlets 19 in a circumferential direction; the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a flower-shaped partition 12;

[0096] A baffle 13 is provided inside the transition zone 24; in the direction away from the pyrolysis chamber, the top diameter of the baffle 13 is smaller than the bottom diameter;

[0097] The inner wall of the gasification chamber is provided with a water-cooling jacket 14; the side wall at the top end of the gasification section 22 is provided with a synthesis gas outlet 20; the side wall at the bottom end of the gasification section 22 is evenly provided with a plurality of gasifying agent inlets 21 in the circumferential direction; the cooling section 23 has an inverted cone structure, and the bottom of the cooling section 23 is provided with an ash and slag discharge mechanism 15; the side wall of the gasification section 22 and the side wall at the bottom of the cooling section 23 are independently provided with steam exhaust pipes; the outlet of the steam exhaust pipe is connected to the boiler drum 16.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] This embodiment provides an integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification device system. The difference between the integrated device system and the embodiment 1 is that:

[0100] This embodiment omits the arrangement of the upper serial flap and the lower serial flap in the coal supply mechanism.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] This embodiment provides an integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification device system. The difference between the integrated device system and the embodiment 1 is that:

[0103] In this embodiment, the baffle is adjusted to a straight cylindrical structure (the top diameter of the baffle is equal to the bottom diameter), that is, the baffle does not have a "small at the top and large at the bottom" structure.

[0104] Example 4

[0105] This embodiment provides an integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification device system. The difference between the integrated device system and the embodiment 1 is that:

[0106] This embodiment omits the arrangement of the deflection grid in the transition zone.

[0107] Example 5

[0108] This embodiment provides an integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification device system. The difference between the integrated device system and the embodiment 1 is that:

[0109] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the serial coke pusher 11 at the bottom of the carbonization chamber is omitted.

[0110] Comparative Example 1

[0111] This comparative example provides an integrated device system for pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification. The difference between the integrated device system and Example 1 is that:

[0112] In this comparative example, the diameter ratio of the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, the gasification section, and the cooling section was adjusted to 10:10:3.

[0113] Application Examples

[0114] The integrated device systems provided in the above embodiment and comparative example are respectively used to process pulverized coal. The pulverized coal processing method includes the following steps:

[0115] (1) Raw coal with a particle size of ≤30mm enters the carbonization chamber through the coal blending mechanism and the coal supply mechanism, and is pyrolyzed to obtain semi-coke, raw coal gas and tar;

[0116] The temperature of the pyrolysis treatment is 500-700°C, and the raw gas and tar are discharged through the gas main pipe 8;

[0117] (2) The blue char obtained in step (1) is homogenized in the transition zone and then enters the gasification chamber, where it is mixed with a gasifying agent in the gasification section and then gasified to obtain synthesis gas;

[0118] Wherein, the temperature of the gasification treatment is not lower than 1200°C.

[0119] The integrated device systems provided in the above embodiments and comparative examples were analyzed based on the pulverized coal treatment results. The analysis results are as follows:

[0120] (1) The integrated device system provided by the present invention can achieve comprehensive and efficient treatment of pulverized coal by classification and quality, and the resulting raw coal gas, tar, and synthesis gas have high purity and yield, thereby improving the efficiency of coal resource conversion. In addition, the device system is easy to operate, reduces the number of conversions between different processes, and improves conversion efficiency.

[0121] (2) Compared with Example 1, the device system provided in Example 2 eliminates the upper and lower serial flap valves, which may cause gas to overflow upward during the coal loading process, resulting in a safety accident;

[0122] (3) When the baffle grid is omitted from the integrated device system or the baffle grid is adjusted to a straight cylindrical structure, uneven distribution of materials during the gasification stage will result, resulting in incomplete gasification and high carbon content in the ash;

[0123] (4) The serial coke pusher is used to seal the carbonization chamber to provide sufficient pyrolysis time; if the serial coke pusher is omitted from the integrated device system, the pyrolysis time cannot be controlled, and there is a risk of an insufficient pyrolysis process;

[0124] (5) Since pulverized coal pyrolysis is a slow coal conversion process, and the coal will lose some of its mass during this stage; the gasification stage is an intense reaction process, and the reaction rate is much higher than that of the pyrolysis stage, the diameter of the gasification section can be designed to be smaller than that of the pyrolysis stage; if the combustion chamber and the gasification section in the integrated device system have the same cross-section, it will cause a waste of resources.

[0125] In summary, the present invention realizes the combination of the two reaction modes of pyrolysis and gasification of pulverized coal by optimizing the structural characteristics of the integrated pyrolysis and gasification device system, thereby realizing the comprehensive and efficient utilization of coal grading and quality separation, which is particularly suitable for the development of the entire industrial chain of low-grade oil-rich coal, pyrolysis oil and gas extraction, and lignite gasification; it complies with the national policy advocacy of coal grading and quality separation, and makes a beneficial contribution to the current resource structure of rich coal, poor oil, and little gas.

[0126] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system, characterized in that: The integrated device system includes a coal blending mechanism, a coal supply mechanism, a pyrolysis chamber, a transition zone, and a gasification chamber that are fixedly connected in sequence; The pyrolysis chamber is provided with a combustion chamber and a plurality of carbonization chambers, and the area in the pyrolysis chamber where the carbonization chamber is not provided is the combustion chamber; According to the downward direction of the coal distribution mechanism, the gasification chamber includes a gasification section and a cooling section; The diameter of the pyrolysis chamber is greater than the diameter of the gasification section and greater than the bottom diameter of the cooling section.

2. The integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the cross section of the pyrolysis chamber includes a square; Preferably, the cross-section of the gasification chamber is circular.

3. The integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The coal distribution mechanism includes a coal bunker and a feeding spoon; Preferably, the coal bunker is fixedly arranged on the top of the carbonization chamber; the feeding spoon is installed on the bottom of the coal bunker; Preferably, the coal supply mechanism includes a feed bin; Preferably, the feeding bin is installed between the feeding spoon and the carbonization chamber; the outlet of the feeding bin is connected to the inlet of the carbonization chamber; Preferably, the top and bottom ends of the feeding bin are independently provided with an upper serial flap and a lower serial flap respectively; the upper serial flap and the lower serial flap are independently turned over by an upper serial flap valve and a lower serial flap valve respectively.

4. The integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The product outlet of the carbonization chamber is connected to the gas collecting tank through a bridge pipe; Preferably, the outlet of the gas collecting tank is connected to the gas main pipe; Preferably, the angle between the bridge tube and the carbonization chamber is ≤25°; Preferably, a serial coke pusher is provided at the bottom of the carbonization chamber.

5. The integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification device system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The side wall at the top of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a smoke outlet; Preferably, a plurality of combustion-supporting agent inlets and fuel gas inlets are evenly arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the pyrolysis chamber in a circumferential direction; Preferably, a flower-shaped partition is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber.

6. The integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A deflector grid is provided inside the transition zone; Preferably, in a direction away from the pyrolysis chamber, the top diameter of the baffle is smaller than the bottom diameter.

7. The integrated pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the gasification chamber is provided with a water cooling jacket; Preferably, a syngas outlet is provided on the side wall of the top end of the gasification section; Preferably, a plurality of gasifying agent inlets are evenly arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the gasification section in a circumferential direction; Preferably, the cooling section has an inverted cone structure, and an ash and slag discharge mechanism is provided at the bottom of the cooling section; Preferably, the side wall of the gasification section and the side wall of the bottom of the cooling section are independently provided with steam exhaust pipes; Preferably, the outlet of the steam exhaust pipe is connected to the boiler drum.

8. A method for processing pulverized coal, characterized in that: The treatment method is carried out using the pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification integrated device system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The processing method comprises the following steps: (1) The raw material fine coal enters the carbonization chamber through the coal blending mechanism and the coal supply mechanism, and is pyrolyzed to obtain blue coal, raw coal gas and tar; (2) The blue char obtained in step (1) is homogenized in the transition zone and then enters the gasification chamber, where it is mixed with a gasifying agent in the gasification section and then gasified to obtain synthesis gas.

10. The processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The particle size of the raw material fine coal is ≤30mm; Preferably, the temperature of the pyrolysis treatment in step (1) is 500-700°C; Preferably, the raw gas and tar in step (1) are discharged through the gas main pipe; Preferably, the temperature of the gasification treatment in step (2) is not lower than 1200°C.

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