Method and device for monitoring high-pressure manifold of fracturing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring of high-pressure manifolds of fracturing equipment, and discloses a monitoring method and device for a high-pressure manifold of fracturing equipment, and the monitoring method is used for monitoring the high-pressure manifold connected between the fracturing equipment and a high-low pressure manifold skid. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold through a vibration sensor arranged on the high-pressure manifold; monitoring the operation state of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration signal; and adjusting operation parameters of the fracturing equipment according to the operation state of the high-pressure manifold, and / or performing pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold according to the operation state of the high-pressure manifold. The operation state of the high-pressure manifold can be accurately monitored in real time, the operation parameters of the fracturing equipment are adjusted in time according to the monitored operation state of the high-pressure manifold, vibration of the high-pressure manifold is reduced, and / or fault diagnosis is conducted on the high-pressure manifold, faults of the high-pressure manifold are found in time, and the safe operation level of the high-pressure manifold is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment, and in particular to a monitoring method and device for a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment. Background Art

[0002] The high-pressure manifold used in oilfield fracturing is the core equipment for liquid transmission. The high-pressure manifold is prone to the following problems under long-term high-pressure and high-frequency working conditions: (1) Under frequent high-pressure pulsation, the metal material of the high-pressure manifold will suffer fatigue damage, especially when the high-pressure pump is started and stopped and the pressure fluctuates frequently. Long-term fatigue damage will cause the wall thickness of the manifold to become thinner and microcracks to expand, eventually causing the manifold to leak or even burst. (2) The joints and valves of the high-pressure manifold are usually equipped with seals. After long-term use, the changes in high pressure and temperature will cause the seals to age, deform or break, and then cause seal failure and leakage problems. (3) During fracturing construction, the pressure fluctuations generated by the plunger pump and the water hammer effect caused by the start-up and shutdown process will bring huge instantaneous impact force to the manifold system, which may cause the pipeline vibration to intensify and even cause rupture or tripping accidents. (4) During the fracturing process, the sand-carrying liquid passes through the high-pressure manifold at high speed, especially at the elbows, valves and joints, which will cause severe erosion and wear. The impact of the fracturing fluid carrying solid particles on the inner wall of the pipeline will cause the pipeline to wear more severely and reduce the strength of the manifold under long-term action. The above problems may cause sudden shutdown of fracturing equipment, affect the safety and efficiency of fracturing operations, and even cause safety accidents.

[0003] At present, the maintenance methods still used at oil and gas field operation sites include manual inspection, video monitoring, planned maintenance, and emergency maintenance. Among them, manual inspection: during operation, the equipment is located in a high-pressure area and personnel cannot enter. Inspections are usually conducted every 30 minutes. Due to the long distance and the time interval between inspections, dripping and puncture leakage cannot be discovered in time, which can easily cause puncture leakage in the hydraulic end valve box of the equipment body. Video monitoring: The monitoring screen is viewed through the camera installed at the equipment end. There are multiple pumps and pipelines on site, and many pipeline leaks are not easy to detect. If the camera is far away, it is not easy to detect. The leak is discovered and is greatly affected by the personal influence of the monitoring personnel. For example, if they are working late or not paying attention, they may not find the leak in time, which can easily cause the hydraulic end valve box of the equipment to leak. Planned maintenance: Operators are required to check whether there are leaks on each high-pressure manifold of more than a dozen or even dozens of pumps on site. Under this maintenance system, personnel need to check each pump one by one, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and blind. Emergency maintenance: Emergency maintenance after equipment failure. This type of maintenance generally occurs when the equipment cannot operate normally and needs to replace parts. All work on site must be stopped, affecting the progress and efficiency of on-site construction. As can be seen from the above, the existing pipeline safety monitoring method cannot detect high-pressure manifold damage in a timely manner, which can easily lead to sudden failures and shutdowns at the fracturing operation site, affecting the safe operation of the pipeline, and affecting the safety and efficiency of the fracturing operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as the short service life of the high-pressure manifold and the low level of safety monitoring of the high-pressure manifold, which affect the safety and efficiency of fracturing operations.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment, which is used to monitor the high-pressure manifold connected between the fracturing equipment and the high- and low-pressure manifold skid. The method comprises:

[0006] Acquiring a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold by a vibration sensor disposed on the high-pressure manifold, wherein the vibration sensor is disposed at at least one of a connection between a hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment and the high-pressure manifold, an elbow of the high-pressure manifold, and a connection between the high-pressure manifold and a valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid;

[0007] monitoring the operating status of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration signal;

[0008] The operating parameters of the fracturing equipment are adjusted according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold, and / or pipeline vibration fault diagnosis is performed on the high-pressure manifold according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold.

[0009] In some embodiments, there are multiple fracturing devices, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of a high- and low-pressure manifold skid. Each of the fracturing devices is connected to the high- and low-pressure manifold skids via a high-pressure manifold, and the operating parameters of the fracturing devices are adjusted according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold, including:

[0010] Acquiring a key phase signal of the fracturing equipment through a code disk and a key phase sensor provided at a free end of a crankshaft of the fracturing equipment;

[0011] obtaining a discharge pressure signal of the hydraulic end of the fracturing equipment through a discharge pressure sensor provided at the hydraulic end of the fracturing equipment;

[0012] The crankshaft turning sequence of the fracturing equipment corresponding to both sides of the high and low pressure manifolds is controlled according to the vibration signal, the discharge pressure signal and the key phase signal.

[0013] In some embodiments, monitoring the operating state of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration signal includes:

[0014] Extracting vibration features from the vibration signal, wherein the vibration feature signal includes at least one of a time domain signal feature, a frequency domain signal feature, a time-frequency domain signal feature, an instantaneous frequency feature, an instantaneous amplitude feature, a principal component feature, and a fault source feature;

[0015] The vibration state of the high-pressure manifold is determined according to the vibration characteristics, wherein the vibration state includes at least one of vibration type, amplitude, frequency, vibration intensity, vibration time, and vibration position.

[0016] In some embodiments, after extracting the vibration feature from the vibration signal, the method further includes:

[0017] The effective vibration features in the vibration signal are extracted by at least one of correlation analysis, principal component analysis and Fisher discriminant analysis.

[0018] In some embodiments, performing pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold includes:

[0019] identifying an excitation source of the vibration signal;

[0020] Check the pipe support of the high-pressure manifold;

[0021] Checking the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold;

[0022] Check pipeline boundary conditions;

[0023] Analyze fluid conditions;

[0024] The vibration fault type of the high-pressure manifold is determined according to at least one of the vibration state of the high-pressure manifold, the excitation source of the vibration signal, the pipeline support of the high-pressure manifold, the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold, the pipeline boundary conditions and the fluid conditions.

[0025] In some embodiments, the vibration fault type of the high-pressure manifold includes at least one of a pipeline resonance fault, a vortex-induced vibration fault, a flutter fault, a fluid elastic instability fault, and an aeroacoustic resonance fault; or

[0026] The vibration failure type of the high-pressure manifold includes at least one of loose support, pipeline deformation, active induced vibration, eddy current shedding, resonant vibration and pipeline cracking.

[0027] In some embodiments, identifying the excitation source of the vibration signal includes:

[0028] Checking fluid conditions in the pipeline, wherein the fluid conditions include at least one of flow rate, pressure, and temperature; finding an external excitation source, wherein the external excitation source includes at least one of a pump and a valve; and analyzing the relationship between the fluid conditions and process parameter changes of the external excitation source and the vibration;

[0029] Check the piping support of the high-pressure manifold, including:

[0030] Check the support condition and support effectiveness of the high-pressure manifold bracket; verify whether the high-pressure manifold bracket meets the design standards; find loose or damaged parts in the high-pressure manifold bracket;

[0031] Check the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold, including:

[0032] Inspect pipelines for cracks, corrosion, or leaks; verify pipeline thickness and material integrity; identify geometric flaws or discontinuities in said pipelines;

[0033] Check pipeline boundary conditions, including:

[0034] Check the connection between the pipeline and other equipment or components; verify whether the pipeline boundary conditions meet the design specifications; look for abnormal stresses or loads;

[0035] Analyze fluid conditions, including:

[0036] Measure fluid flow rate and pressure; examine the properties and composition of fluid media; and identify flow patterns or changes in fluid viscosity that may cause vibrations.

[0037] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0038] Construct a pipeline vibration model based on pipeline vibration characteristics;

[0039] Simulating pipeline vibration conditions under different excitation sources and pipeline boundary conditions according to the pipeline vibration model;

[0040] The pipeline design is optimized based on the simulation results of the pipeline vibration conditions.

[0041] In some embodiments, the vibration type includes lateral vibration, longitudinal vibration, and torsional vibration; or, the vibration type includes single-tube vibration and multi-tube vibration; or, the vibration type includes radial vibration and axial vibration;

[0042] The vibration time includes continuous vibration, intermittent vibration and resonant vibration;

[0043] The vibrating parts include pipeline connections, pipeline elbows and pipeline supports.

[0044] Another embodiment of the present application provides a monitoring device for a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing device, for monitoring the high-pressure manifold connected between the fracturing device and a high- and low-pressure manifold skid. The monitoring device includes:

[0045] a vibration sensor disposed on the high-pressure manifold and configured to obtain a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold, wherein the vibration sensor is disposed at at least one of a connection between the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment and the high-pressure manifold, an elbow of the high-pressure manifold, and a connection between the high-pressure manifold and a valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid;

[0046] A controller is configured to monitor the operating status of the high-pressure manifold based on the vibration signal; adjust operating parameters of the fracturing equipment based on the operating status of the high-pressure manifold; and / or perform pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold based on the operating status of the high-pressure manifold.

[0047] The embodiment of the present application provides a monitoring method and device for the high-pressure manifold of a fracturing device, which obtains a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold by means of a vibration sensor arranged on the high-pressure manifold, wherein the arrangement position of the vibration sensor includes at least one of the connection between the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing device and the high-pressure manifold, the elbow of the high-pressure manifold, and the connection between the high-pressure manifold and the valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid; monitors the operating status of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration signal; adjusts the operating parameters of the fracturing device according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold, and / or performs pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold, which can not only detect the vibration fault of the high-pressure manifold based on the vibration signal during the operation of the high-pressure manifold, but also can detect the vibration fault of the high-pressure manifold based on the vibration signal during the operation of the high-pressure manifold. According to the monitored operating status of the high-pressure manifold, the operating parameters of the fracturing equipment can be adjusted in time to reduce the vibration of the high-pressure manifold, ensure the safe operation of the fracturing operation, and increase the service life of the high-pressure manifold. It can also diagnose the high-pressure manifold fault according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold, identify the abnormality of the high-pressure manifold in advance, discover the high-pressure manifold fault in time, and perform repairs and maintenance in time, reducing the sudden failure shutdown at the fracturing site caused by damage to the high-pressure manifold, improving the efficiency of the fracturing site operation, and effectively solving the current problem that high-pressure manifold damage cannot be discovered in time, making the operation of fracturing equipment and high-pressure manifold more stable and reliable, effectively improving the safe operation level of the high-pressure manifold, and making the maintenance of the high-pressure manifold more targeted and more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the high-pressure manifold of the fracturing equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the high-pressure manifold of the fracturing equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 4 A top view of the arrangement structure of the high-pressure manifold of the fracturing equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a first arrangement structure of a vibration sensor in a high-pressure manifold according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a second arrangement structure of a vibration sensor in a high-pressure manifold according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a vibration curve diagram after adjusting the pressure fluctuation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fracturing equipment (including sensors) according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 9 The code disk and key phase sensor ( Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the box A). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] Various aspects and features of the present application are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but merely as an example of an embodiment. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present application will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0060] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the general description of the present application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0061] These and other characteristics of the present application will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment given as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] It should also be understood that although the present application has been described with reference to certain specific examples, those skilled in the art will be able to implement many other equivalent forms of the present application that have the features described in the claims and are therefore within the scope of protection defined thereby.

[0063] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0064] Specific embodiments of the present application will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the embodiments described are merely examples of the present application and may be implemented in a variety of ways. Familiar and / or repetitive functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present application with unnecessary or redundant details. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details described herein are not intended to be limiting, but rather serve merely as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to variously utilize the present application with substantially any suitable detailed structure.

[0065] This specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may all refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present application.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figures 2 to 6 The figure shows the layout of the high pressure manifold of the fracturing equipment in the embodiment of the present application. Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing device, which is used to monitor a high-pressure manifold 30 connected between a fracturing device 10 and a high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20. The method includes:

[0068] S101: Acquiring a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold 30 by means of a vibration sensor disposed on the high-pressure manifold 30, wherein the vibration sensor is disposed at at least one of a connection between the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment 10 and the high-pressure manifold 30, an elbow of the high-pressure manifold 30, and a connection between the high-pressure manifold 30 and a valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20;

[0069] S102: Monitoring the operating state of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration signal;

[0070] S103 : adjusting the operating parameters of the fracturing equipment 10 according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30 , and / or, S104 : performing pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold 30 according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30 .

[0071] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, 2-3 high- and low-pressure manifold skids 20 are usually set up at the fracturing site, and multiple fracturing equipment 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the high- and low-pressure manifold skids 20. Each fracturing equipment 10 is connected to the manifold interface (such as a valve) on the high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20 through a high-pressure manifold 30. The fracturing equipment 10 mainly includes a plunger pump, which is used to inject a mixed liquid formed by a mixture of fracturing fluid, proppant and various additives into the bottom of the well. The monitoring method of the high-pressure manifold of the fracturing equipment in the embodiment of the present application mainly monitors the high-pressure manifold 30 connected between the high-pressure manifold skid 20 and the fracturing equipment 10. The valve set at the manifold interface on the high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20 can be a plug valve, or other types of valves.

[0072] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a first vibration sensor 11 is provided at the connection between the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment 10 and the high-pressure manifold 30 to monitor a first vibration signal at the connection between the high-pressure manifold 30 and the fracturing equipment 10, a second vibration sensor 12 is provided at the elbow of the high-pressure manifold 30 to monitor a second vibration signal at the elbow of the high-pressure manifold 30, and a third vibration sensor 13 is provided at the connection between the high-pressure manifold 30 and the valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20 to monitor a third vibration signal at the connection between the high-pressure manifold 30 and the high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20.

[0073] Fracturing sites typically use five-cylinder plunger pumps for high-pressure pumping. These pumps operate based on the reciprocating motion of the plunger. As the plunger enters and exits the pump chamber, it draws in and out fluid. This mechanical motion causes uneven fluid flow within the pump chamber, generating pressure fluctuations. The opening and closing of the valves in each of the five cylinders is controlled by crankshaft sequence. Because the five cylinders operate sequentially, the rapid opening and closing of each valve can cause severe transient pressures. Due to the different valve opening sequences within the five cylinders, a five-cylinder plunger pump generates five transient pressures, producing five pressure pulsations. These pressure pulsations generate coupled vibration forces at restricted areas such as bends, orifices, and valves in the high-pressure manifold, subjecting the plunger pump, high-pressure manifold 30, and high- and low-pressure manifold skids 20 to continuous shocks. In a continuous straight pipe with a constant diameter, these pulsations do not generate significant vibration-exciting forces. Therefore, in this embodiment, vibration sensors are respectively provided at the connection between the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment 10 and the high-pressure manifold 30, at the elbow of the high-pressure manifold 30, and at the connection between the high-pressure manifold 30 and the valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20, so as to effectively monitor the positions of the high-pressure manifold 30 that are prone to vibration.

[0074] After the vibration sensor detects the vibration signal, it sends the vibration signal to the controller (such as MCU). The controller analyzes the received vibration signal to determine the current operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30, and then adjusts the operating parameters of the fracturing equipment 10 (such as the pumping power of the plunger pump) in real time according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30, thereby reducing the vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30 during operation, ensuring the smooth and safe operation of the high-pressure manifold 30, improving the safe operation level of the pipeline, and improving the operating efficiency of the fracturing equipment 10; at the same time, the reduction of vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30 can extend the service life of the high-pressure manifold 30.

[0075] In other embodiments, the controller can perform pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold 30 according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30, identify abnormalities of the high-pressure manifold 30 in advance, promptly discover packing high-pressure manifold faults, and promptly maintain the high-pressure manifold 30, thereby reducing sudden failure shutdowns at the fracturing operation site caused by damage to the high-pressure manifold 30 and improving the efficiency of fracturing operations at the site.

[0076] The embodiment of the present application provides a monitoring method for a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing device, which is used to monitor a high-pressure manifold 30 connected between a fracturing device 10 and a high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20. The method obtains a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold 30 by a vibration sensor arranged at the high-pressure manifold 30, wherein the arrangement position of the vibration sensor includes at least one of the connection between the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing device 10 and the high-pressure manifold 30, the elbow of the high-pressure manifold 30, and the connection between the high-pressure manifold 30 and the valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid 20; monitors the operating status of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration signal; adjusts the operating parameters of the fracturing device 10 according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30, and / or performs pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold 30 according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30, which can not only detect the vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30 at the high-pressure end of the fracturing device 10 but also the high-pressure manifold 30 at the high-pressure end of the fracturing device 10. During the operation, the operating parameters of the fracturing equipment 10 can be adjusted in time according to the monitored operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30, thereby reducing the vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30, ensuring the safe operation of the fracturing operation, and increasing the service life of the high-pressure manifold 30; the high-pressure manifold 30 can also be diagnosed according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30, and the abnormality of the high-pressure manifold 30 can be identified in advance, the failure of the high-pressure manifold 30 can be discovered in time, and repair and maintenance can be carried out in time (timely measures can be taken to avoid damage to the high-pressure manifold 30), thereby reducing sudden failure shutdowns at the fracturing site caused by damage to the high-pressure manifold 30, improving the efficiency of fracturing site operations, and effectively solving the current problem that damage to the high-pressure manifold 30 cannot be discovered in time, making the operation of the fracturing equipment 10 and the high-pressure manifold 30 more stable and reliable, effectively improving the safe operation level of the high-pressure manifold 30, and making the maintenance of the high-pressure manifold 30 more targeted and more convenient.

[0077] Step S103 and step S104 have different focuses. Step S103 can monitor the vibration of the normally operating high-pressure manifold 30 and promptly optimize the vibration parameters to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the high-pressure manifold 10 and extend the service life of the high-pressure manifold 30. Step S104 can promptly identify and diagnose vibration faults in the high-pressure manifold 30, promptly identify abnormal operating conditions of the high-pressure manifold 30, and promptly repair and maintain the high-pressure manifold 30 to avoid abnormal shutdowns. Through the above steps S103 and S104, regardless of whether the high-pressure manifold 30 is in normal or abnormal operating conditions, the safe operation level of the high-pressure manifold 30 can be effectively improved.

[0078] In some embodiments, there are multiple fracturing devices 10, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the high and low pressure manifold skid 20, and each of the fracturing devices 10 is connected to the high and low pressure manifold skid 20 through a high pressure manifold 30.

[0079] In step S103, the operating parameters of the fracturing equipment 10 are adjusted according to the operating state of the high-pressure manifold 30, including:

[0080] S1031: Acquire a key phase signal of the fracturing equipment 10 through the code disc 21 and the key phase sensor 22 provided at the free end of the crankshaft of the fracturing equipment 10;

[0081] S1032: Obtaining a discharge pressure signal of the hydraulic end of the fracturing equipment 10 through the discharge pressure sensor 3 provided at the hydraulic end of the fracturing equipment 10;

[0082] S1033: Control the crankshaft turning sequence of the fracturing equipment 10 corresponding to both sides of the high and low pressure manifold 20 according to the vibration signal, the discharge pressure signal and the key phase signal.

[0083] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a code disk 21 and a key phase sensor 22 are installed at the free end of the crankshaft of the plunger pump. The code disk 21 and the key phase sensor 22 can cooperate to monitor the movement position of each crankshaft of the fracturing equipment and the plunger action of each cylinder in the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment at the current moment.

[0084] Among them, the code disk 21 is a toothless code disk or a uniform tooth code disk. A uniform tooth code disk has multiple teeth evenly distributed on it; a toothless code disk has multiple teeth evenly distributed on it, but one or more teeth are missing at a specific position, that is, "toothless". The toothless code disk is installed on the crankshaft of the plunger pump and is used to generate a pulse signal related to the angular position of the crankshaft. When the crankshaft rotates, the key phase sensor 22 detects the passage of the key phase and generates a pulse signal. This pulse signal is combined with the code disk signal of the toothless code disk, and the movement position of each crank of the plunger pump crankshaft and the plunger action of each cylinder in the hydraulic end valve box at the current moment can be determined by the crankshaft rotation angle.

[0085] The discharge outlet of the hydraulic end valve box is provided with a discharge pressure sensor 3, which can monitor the discharge pressure signal of the hydraulic end of the plunger pump. In step S1033, the vibration signal monitored by the vibration sensor can be combined with the discharge pressure signal of the hydraulic end of the plunger pump and the key phase signal of the crankshaft when the plunger pump is in operation to determine the discharge pressure fluctuations of the plunger pumps corresponding to both sides of the high- and low-pressure manifold skids 20. The crankshaft turning sequence of the plunger pumps corresponding to both sides of the high- and low-pressure manifold skids 20 is then controlled by the key phase signal to offset the discharge pressure fluctuations of the plunger pumps, reduce the vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30, and extend the service life of the high-pressure manifold 30.

[0086] like Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, by controlling the crankshaft turning sequence of the corresponding fracturing equipment 10 on both sides of the high and low pressure manifold skids 20, when the pressure pulsation of the fracturing equipment 10 on both sides of the high and low pressure manifold skids 20 is a peak on one side, the other side is a trough, thereby offsetting the pressure pulsation impact of the fracturing equipment 10 and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the fracturing equipment 10 and the high pressure manifold 30.

[0087] Optional, such as Figure 8 As shown, in a specific implementation, the packing pressure can also be monitored by the packing pressure sensor 4 set at the connection between the hydraulic end and the power end of the plunger pump (the pressure fluctuation at the connection has a greater impact on the operation of the fracturing equipment 10), so as to optimize the pressure fluctuation of the plunger pump and further reduce the vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30.

[0088] In some embodiments, in step S102, monitoring the operating state of the high-pressure manifold 30 according to the vibration signal includes:

[0089] S1021: Extracting vibration features from the vibration signal, wherein the vibration feature signal includes at least one of a time domain signal feature, a frequency domain signal feature, a time-frequency domain signal feature, an instantaneous frequency feature, an instantaneous amplitude feature, a principal component feature, and a fault source feature;

[0090] S1022: Determine a vibration state of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration characteristics, wherein the vibration state includes at least one of vibration type, amplitude, frequency, vibration intensity, vibration time, and vibration location.

[0091] In step S1021, vibration features are extracted from the vibration signal. The purpose is to extract effective information that can reflect pipeline characteristics (including normal pipeline characteristics and pipeline fault characteristics) from the pipeline vibration data, providing a basis for pipeline operation status identification and subsequent pipeline fault identification and diagnosis.

[0092] In this embodiment, the method for extracting time domain signal features includes:

[0093] S201: Acquire the original waveform of the time domain sequence data of pipeline vibration;

[0094] S202: Extracting time domain features from the original waveform.

[0095] The extracted time domain features mainly include:

[0096] (1) Crest factor (CF): The ratio of peak amplitude to effective amplitude, reflecting the size of the peak amplitude of the signal.

[0097] (2) Pulse factor (IF): The ratio of the number of sampling points where the vibration amplitude exceeds a certain threshold to the total number of sampling points, reflecting the frequency and duration of vibration pulses.

[0098] (3) Kurtosis factor (KF): The steepness of the peak part of the vibration signal, reflecting the severity of the fault.

[0099] (4) Skewness factor (SK): The degree to which the vibration signal deviates from the mean value, reflecting the type of fault, such as vibration asymmetry.

[0100] (5) Waveform: Directly observing the vibration waveform can determine whether the vibration waveform has abnormal waveform characteristics, such as periodic impact or pulse.

[0101] In this embodiment, to facilitate pipeline vibration fault diagnosis, the following time domain signal feature extraction method can also be used:

[0102] S301: Acquire time domain series data of pipeline vibration;

[0103] S302: Analyze at least one feature of the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the time domain series data to extract characteristic parameters of the pipeline vibration fault;

[0104] S303: using time domain analysis technology to reveal the variation patterns of time domain signals under different fault states, wherein the time domain analysis technology includes Fourier transform and / or short-time Fourier transform;

[0105] S304: Extracting the natural frequency characteristics and amplitude modulation information of the pipeline vibration fault by using a non-stationary signal processing method.

[0106] Among them, non-stationary signal processing methods include empirical mode decomposition and the like.

[0107] In this embodiment, the method for extracting frequency domain signal features includes:

[0108] S401: Convert the pipeline vibration signal into the frequency domain and extract the frequency domain feature.

[0109] Specifically, extracting frequency domain signal features mainly includes:

[0110] S4011: Extract frequency features from the pipeline vibration signal using at least one frequency domain analysis method selected from the group consisting of fast Fourier transform and power spectral density;

[0111] S4012: Analyze the peak frequency, harmonic components, and envelope spectrum of the vibration signal to identify the characteristic spectra of different fault types;

[0112] S4012: Measure the severity of the pipeline vibration fault using frequency domain statistics, where the frequency domain statistics include frequency band energy and / or spectrum entropy.

[0113] When extracting frequency domain signal features, the time domain signal can be converted into a frequency domain signal through Fourier transform to obtain the spectrum distribution; the fault characteristic frequency can be identified through power spectral density (PSD), which reflects the energy distribution of the vibration signal at different frequencies; the envelope of the vibration signal can be extracted through envelope spectrum to eliminate high-frequency noise and amplify low-frequency fault features; the vibration signal can be decomposed into components of different orders through order spectrum to extract fault features related to the speed; and harmonic analysis can be used to identify harmonic components in the vibration signal that are integer multiples of the speed. These harmonic components can reflect rotating machinery faults.

[0114] Time-frequency domain signal extraction combines the advantages of time and frequency domains. The fault feature extraction mainly includes:

[0115] Short-time Fourier transform (STFT): Divide the vibration signal into short-time windows and perform Fourier transform on each of them to obtain the time domain distribution;

[0116] Wavelet transform: Use wavelet basis functions to decompose the vibration signal step by step to obtain the time domain distribution;

[0117] Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD): Decomposes the vibration signal into a series of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) and performs time-frequency analysis on each of them.

[0118] The above embodiments mainly illustrate the time domain signal feature extraction, frequency domain signal feature extraction, and time-frequency domain signal extraction. In specific implementations, different signal extraction methods can be used to extract corresponding vibration features. For example, the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) can be used to decompose the vibration signal into instantaneous frequency and instantaneous amplitude to extract instantaneous frequency and instantaneous amplitude features; singular value decomposition (SVD) can be used to extract the principal component features in the vibration signal, which are fault features that can reflect vibration faults; independent component analysis (ICA) can be used to decompose the vibration signal into statistically independent components to extract fault source features.

[0119] After extracting the vibration features from the vibration signal in step S1021 , the extracted vibration features may be analyzed, and the vibration state of the high-pressure manifold 30 may be determined based on the vibration features.

[0120] In specific implementations, the vibration type (or vibration mode) of the pipeline can be determined based on the vibration characteristics. The vibration types include lateral vibration, longitudinal vibration, and torsional vibration; alternatively, the vibration types include single-pipe vibration and multi-pipe vibration; alternatively, the vibration types include radial vibration and axial vibration. The vibration duration includes continuous vibration, intermittent vibration, and resonant vibration; and the vibration locations include pipeline joints, pipeline elbows, and pipeline supports.

[0121] In other embodiments, the amplitude and frequency of the vibration can be analyzed based on the vibration characteristics. For example, the amplitude and frequency can be compared with the safety and reliability standards of the pipeline vibration to determine whether they exceed the safety and reliability standards. If not, it is determined that the amplitude and frequency of the pipeline are normal. If they exceed, it is determined that a vibration fault may exist. When a vibration fault may exist, it is determined whether corrective measures need to be taken, and the vibration trend can be further monitored to perform early fault monitoring of the pipeline.

[0122] Furthermore, after extracting the vibration feature from the vibration signal in step S1021, the method further includes:

[0123] S1023: Extracting effective vibration features from the vibration signal through at least one of correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and Fisher discriminant analysis.

[0124] After extracting the vibration signal's characteristics, the characteristic quantities can be selected to obtain effective information reflecting the tube's characteristics (including normal and fault characteristics), thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of vibration status monitoring and subsequent fault diagnosis. Different fault types correspond to different fault characteristics, so the appropriate signal feature extraction method and feature selection strategy should be selected according to the specific situation.

[0125] Feature selection methods include:

[0126] (1) Through correlation analysis, calculate the relationship between the feature quantity and the fault state, and select the feature quantity with higher correlation.

[0127] (2) Through principal component analysis (PCA), the feature quantities are projected into the principal component space, and the feature quantities with larger explained variance of the principal components are selected.

[0128] (3) Through Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA), the intra-class and inter-class differences between different fault states are maximized, and the feature quantities with strong discriminability are selected.

[0129] In some embodiments, in step S104, performing pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold according to the operating state of the high-pressure manifold includes:

[0130] S1041: Identify the excitation source of the vibration signal;

[0131] S1042: Check the pipeline support of the high-pressure manifold;

[0132] S1043: Checking the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold;

[0133] S1044: Check pipeline boundary conditions;

[0134] S1045: Analyze fluid conditions;

[0135] S1046: Determine the vibration fault type of the high-pressure manifold based on at least one of the vibration state of the high-pressure manifold 30, the excitation source of the vibration signal, the pipeline support of the high-pressure manifold 30, the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold 20, the pipeline boundary conditions, and the fluid conditions.

[0136] In this embodiment, not only the vibration state of the high-pressure manifold 30 itself is considered, but also the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold 20 and external conditions that affect the vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30 are considered. Various possible influencing factors of pipeline vibration faults are analyzed, and pipeline vibration faults are identified and diagnosed to obtain more accurate pipeline vibration fault diagnosis results.

[0137] Specifically, in step S1041, identifying the excitation source of the vibration signal includes:

[0138] Checking fluid conditions in a pipeline, wherein the fluid conditions include at least one of flow rate, pressure, and temperature; finding an external excitation source, wherein the external excitation source includes at least one of a pump and a valve; and analyzing the relationship between the fluid conditions and process parameter changes of the external excitation source and the vibration.

[0139] In step S1042, checking the pipeline support of the high-pressure manifold includes:

[0140] Check the support condition and support effectiveness of the high-pressure manifold bracket; verify whether the high-pressure manifold bracket meets the design standards; and find loose or damaged parts in the high-pressure manifold bracket.

[0141] In step S1043, the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold is checked, including:

[0142] Inspect pipelines for cracks, corrosion, or leaks; verify pipeline thickness and material integrity; identify geometric flaws or discontinuities in said pipelines;

[0143] In step S1044, the pipeline boundary conditions are checked, including:

[0144] Check the connection between the pipeline and other equipment or components; verify whether the pipeline boundary conditions meet the design specifications; look for abnormal stresses or loads;

[0145] In step S1045, analyzing the fluid conditions includes:

[0146] Measure fluid flow rate and pressure; examine the properties and composition of fluid media; and identify flow patterns or changes in fluid viscosity that may cause vibrations.

[0147] It is understandable that there is no specific execution order for the above steps S1041-S1045. After obtaining the factors that may affect the pipeline vibration fault through steps S1041-S1045, combined with the pipeline operating status monitored in step S102, the pipeline vibration fault type is accurately identified.

[0148] Optionally, the vibration failure type of the high-pressure manifold includes at least one of a pipeline resonance failure, a vortex-induced vibration failure, a flutter failure, a fluid elastic instability failure, and a pneumatic-acoustic resonance failure. Among them, 1) the failure characteristics of the pipeline resonance failure are: the pipeline vibrates violently at a specific frequency with a large amplitude, which may generate noise and vibration propagation; the causes of the pipeline resonance failure include: the vibration frequency generated by the pipeline and the external vibration source (such as a pump, a compressor) are close, resulting in pipeline resonance; the hazards of the pipeline resonance failure include: in severe cases, it may cause pipeline rupture, leakage, or damage to the installed components. 2) The failure characteristics of the vortex-induced vibration failure are: when the flow velocity reaches a certain critical value, the interaction between the fluid in the pipeline and the pipeline wall generates vibration; the causes of the vortex-induced vibration failure include: when the fluid flows through the pipe wall, vortices are generated, and the elastic interaction between the vortex and the pipe wall causes vibration; the hazards of the vortex-induced vibration failure include: continuous vortex-induced vibration will cause pipeline fatigue damage, and in severe cases, it may cause pipeline rupture. 3) The failure characteristics of flutter failure are: when the fluid flow rate in the pipeline is too high, the impact force of the fluid on the pipeline wall exceeds the elastic limit of the pipeline wall, causing the pipeline to vibrate laterally. Cause: The fluid flow rate is too high, and the friction between the fluid and the pipeline wall generates vortices, and the interaction between the vortices and the wall causes vibration; Hazards: Continuous flutter will damage the pipeline wall, causing pipeline fatigue failure or rupture. 4) The failure characteristics of fluid elastic instability failure are: when the fluid flows through the pipeline, the elastic interaction between the fluid and the pipeline wall produces vibration, and the vibration frequency is related to the fluid flow rate; The causes of fluid elastic instability failure include: elastic instability between the fluid and the pipeline wall, when the fluid flow rate reaches a certain critical value, the interaction between the fluid and the wall pipe causes pipeline vibration; The hazards of fluid elastic instability failure include: fluid elastic instability vibration can cause pipeline damage or even rupture. 5) The fault characteristics of aerodynamic acoustic resonance failure are: when the fluid flow rate in the pipeline reaches a certain critical value, the fluid interacts with the pipeline wall to generate sound waves, and the sound waves resonate with the pipeline to cause pipeline vibration; the causes of aerodynamic acoustic resonance failure include: turbulence generated when the fluid flows through the pipe wall, and the elastic interaction between the sound waves generated by the turbulence and the pipe wall causes pipeline vibration; the hazards of aerodynamic acoustic resonance failure include: continuous aerodynamic acoustic resonance vibration can cause pipeline fatigue damage, and in severe cases, it can cause pipeline rupture.

[0149] In other embodiments, the vibration failure types of the high-pressure manifold include at least one of loose support, pipeline deformation, active induced vibration, vortex shedding, resonant vibration and pipe cracking, wherein loose support refers to large pipeline amplitude and low frequency, which mainly occurs at the pipeline connection; pipeline deformation refers to large pipeline amplitude and low frequency, which is distributed throughout the entire pipeline; active induced vibration refers to vibration frequency being a function of approaching speed, and the amplitude generally increases with increasing flow velocity; vortex shedding refers to frequency being related to pipe diameter, flow velocity and fluid density, and amplitude changes with flow velocity; resonant vibration refers to pipeline amplitude being the largest, and the vibration frequency being consistent with the natural frequency of the pipeline; pipe cracking refers to pipeline amplitude being large, low frequency, and distributed at the cracking location.

[0150] These fault types can be obtained by analyzing and synthesizing the pipeline operation status monitored in step S102 (including the pipeline vibration amplitude and frequency, vibration mode, vibration time, vibration location, etc.) and the fluid-related factors, pipeline structural factors, and external factors obtained in steps S1041 to S1045.

[0151] For example, when determining the type of vibration fault based on the vibration amplitude and frequency, if the amplitude is detected to be too large, it is determined that the pipeline may have at least one of the following: loose pipeline, damaged support, and excessive pipeline flow rate; if the frequency is determined to be abnormal, it is determined that the pipeline may have resonance, self-excited vibration, or vortex excitation. When determining the type of vibration fault based on the vibration mode, if the pipeline is detected to be single-tube vibration, it is determined that the pipeline may have local pipeline looseness and / or single-tube resonance; if the pipeline is detected to be multi-tube vibration, it is determined that the pipeline may have multiple-tube resonance and / or pipe group gas spring effect; if the pipeline is detected to be radial vibration, it is determined that the pipeline is expanded and / or the fluid flow rate in the pipeline is too fast; if the pipeline is detected to be axial vibration, it is determined that the pipeline is bent and / or there is thermal stress in the pipeline. When determining the type of vibration fault based on the vibration time, if the pipeline is detected to be continuous vibration, it is determined that the support is loose and / or the pipeline is deformed; if the pipeline is detected to be intermittent vibration, it is determined that the fluid flow rate has changed and / or vortex shedding has occurred; if the pipeline is detected to be resonant vibration, it is determined that the pipeline natural frequency is consistent with the excitation frequency. When determining the type of vibration fault based on the vibration location, if vibration is detected at the pipeline connection, it is determined that the flange is loose or the flange weld is cracked; if vibration is detected at the pipeline elbow, it is determined that flow-induced vibration and / or eddy current shedding is caused; if vibration is detected at the pipeline support, it is determined that the support has failed and / or the support is not firmly fixed; when determining the type of vibration fault based on fluid-related factors, if the flow rate is too fast, it is easy to cause excessive stress on the pipe wall and flow-induced vibration; if the fluid density and viscosity are large, it is easy to affect the damping and natural frequency of the pipeline; if the fluid pressure fluctuates, it is easy to cause pipeline resonance; when determining the type of vibration fault based on pipeline structural factors, the pipe wall thickness affects the stiffness and natural frequency of the pipeline; the pipe diameter affects the natural frequency of the pipeline, and the larger the pipe diameter, the lower the natural frequency; pipes made of different materials have different elastic moduli and damping characteristics, which affect pipeline vibration; when determining the type of vibration fault based on external factors, mechanical noise may cause pipeline failure, for example, the vibration of equipment near the pipeline will be transmitted to the pipeline.

[0152] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0153] S501: Constructing a pipeline vibration model based on pipeline vibration characteristics;

[0154] S502: Simulating pipeline vibration conditions under different excitation sources and pipeline boundary conditions according to the pipeline vibration model;

[0155] S503: Optimizing pipeline design according to the simulation results of the pipeline vibration condition.

[0156] In this embodiment, when adjusting the operating parameters of the fracturing equipment 10 according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30 in step S103, and / or diagnosing the pipeline vibration fault of the high-pressure manifold 30 according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30 in step S104, and repairing the high-pressure manifold 30 according to the diagnosis result, vibration signal data of multiple high-pressure manifolds 30 can be collected in advance, the pipeline vibration characteristics therein can be extracted, and a pipeline vibration model can be constructed based on the pipeline vibration characteristics. Then, the pipeline vibration model is used to simulate the pipeline vibration conditions under different excitation sources and pipeline boundary conditions to optimize the pipeline design to reduce pipeline vibration or pipeline failure, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the fracturing equipment 10.

[0157] In this embodiment, the vibration data of the high-pressure manifold 30 is collected in real time to monitor the operating status of the high-pressure manifold 30 in real time, and the operating status data is filtered according to characteristic rules. The filtered data is converted into a fault indicator, and then the fault indicator is compared with a preset fault threshold or a statistical distribution model to achieve early fault monitoring of the high-pressure manifold 30. Once the fault indicator exceeds the set range, the controller will automatically trigger the alarm mechanism to ensure the safe operation of the high-pressure manifold 30 and the fracturing equipment.

[0158] In summary, the monitoring method for the high-pressure manifold of the fracturing equipment provided in this embodiment can effectively improve the safe operation level of the pipeline, and the specific effects are as follows: 1) Early fault warning: By real-time monitoring of vibration data, potential fault hazards can be identified in advance, and the sudden failure rate can be reduced; 2) Extending equipment life: It can promptly detect pipeline vibration faults and take measures to extend the life of the high-pressure manifold 30 and the fracturing equipment 10, and reduce maintenance costs; 3) Improving operating efficiency: By monitoring the vibration data of the high-pressure manifold 30, the operating parameters of the fracturing equipment are optimized and the operating efficiency of the fracturing equipment is improved; 4) Ensuring safe production: Real-time monitoring of the vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30, timely detection of abnormal conditions, and prevention of accidents such as pipeline leakage and rupture; 5) Improving the operation and maintenance management level of fracturing operations: By monitoring the vibration of the high-pressure manifold 30 and conducting data analysis, equipment maintenance and repair are guided, and the operation and maintenance management level of fracturing operations is improved.

[0159] Example 2

[0160] The present application provides a monitoring device for a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing device, which is used to monitor the high-pressure manifold connected between the fracturing device and a high- and low-pressure manifold skid. The monitoring device includes:

[0161] a vibration sensor disposed on the high-pressure manifold and configured to obtain a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold, wherein the vibration sensor is disposed at at least one of a connection between the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment and the high-pressure manifold, an elbow of the high-pressure manifold, and a connection between the high-pressure manifold and a valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid;

[0162] A controller is configured to monitor the operating status of the high-pressure manifold based on the vibration signal; adjust operating parameters of the fracturing equipment based on the operating status of the high-pressure manifold; and / or perform pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold based on the operating status of the high-pressure manifold.

[0163] In some embodiments, there are multiple fracturing devices, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the high and low pressure manifold skids, and each of the fracturing devices is connected to the high and low pressure manifold skids via a high pressure manifold. The controller is configured as follows:

[0164] Acquiring a key phase signal of the fracturing equipment through a code disk and a key phase sensor provided at a free end of a crankshaft of the fracturing equipment;

[0165] obtaining a discharge pressure signal of the hydraulic end of the fracturing equipment through a discharge pressure sensor provided at the hydraulic end of the fracturing equipment;

[0166] The crankshaft turning sequence of the fracturing equipment corresponding to both sides of the high and low pressure manifolds is controlled according to the vibration signal, the discharge pressure signal and the key phase signal.

[0167] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to:

[0168] Extracting vibration features from the vibration signal, wherein the vibration feature signal includes at least one of a time domain signal feature, a frequency domain signal feature, a time-frequency domain signal feature, an instantaneous frequency feature, an instantaneous amplitude feature, a principal component feature, and a fault source feature;

[0169] The vibration state of the high-pressure manifold is determined according to the vibration characteristics, wherein the vibration state includes at least one of vibration type, amplitude, frequency, vibration intensity, vibration time, and vibration position.

[0170] In some embodiments, after extracting the vibration feature from the vibration signal, the controller is further configured to:

[0171] The effective vibration features in the vibration signal are extracted by at least one of correlation analysis, principal component analysis and Fisher discriminant analysis.

[0172] In some embodiments, the control configuration is:

[0173] identifying an excitation source of the vibration signal;

[0174] Check the pipe support of the high-pressure manifold;

[0175] Checking the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold;

[0176] Check pipeline boundary conditions;

[0177] Analyze fluid conditions;

[0178] The vibration fault type of the high-pressure manifold is determined according to at least one of the vibration state of the high-pressure manifold, the excitation source of the vibration signal, the pipeline support of the high-pressure manifold, the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold, the pipeline boundary conditions and the fluid conditions.

[0179] In some embodiments, the vibration fault type of the high-pressure manifold includes at least one of a pipeline resonance fault, a vortex-induced vibration fault, a flutter fault, a fluid elastic instability fault, and an aeroacoustic resonance fault; or

[0180] The vibration failure type of the high-pressure manifold includes at least one of loose support, pipeline deformation, active induced vibration, eddy current shedding, resonant vibration and pipeline cracking.

[0181] In some embodiments, the controller includes an excitation source identification module configured to: check fluid conditions in the pipeline, wherein the fluid conditions include at least one of flow rate, pressure, and temperature; search for an external excitation source, wherein the external excitation source includes at least one of a pump and a valve; and analyze the relationship between the fluid conditions and process parameter changes of the external excitation source and the vibration;

[0182] The controller includes a pipeline support inspection module configured to: inspect the support condition and support effectiveness of the high-pressure manifold support; verify whether the high-pressure manifold support meets the design standards; and find loose or damaged parts in the high-pressure manifold support;

[0183] The controller includes a manifold structure inspection module configured to: inspect the pipeline for cracks, corrosion, or leaks; verify the thickness and material integrity of the pipeline; and identify geometric defects or discontinuities in the pipeline;

[0184] The controller includes a pipeline boundary condition checking module configured to: check the connection between the pipeline and other equipment or components; verify whether the pipeline boundary conditions meet the design specifications; and find abnormal stresses or loads;

[0185] The controller includes a fluid condition analysis module configured to: measure fluid flow rate and pressure; examine the properties and composition of the fluid medium; and identify flow patterns or fluid viscosity changes that may cause vibrations.

[0186] In some embodiments, the controller is further configured to:

[0187] Construct a pipeline vibration model based on pipeline vibration characteristics;

[0188] Simulating pipeline vibration conditions under different excitation sources and pipeline boundary conditions according to the pipeline vibration model;

[0189] The pipeline design is optimized based on the simulation results of the pipeline vibration conditions.

[0190] In some embodiments, the vibration type includes lateral vibration, longitudinal vibration, and torsional vibration; or, the vibration type includes single-tube vibration and multi-tube vibration; or, the vibration type includes radial vibration and axial vibration;

[0191] The vibration time includes continuous vibration, intermittent vibration and resonant vibration;

[0192] The vibrating parts include pipeline connections, pipeline elbows and pipeline supports.

[0193] Example 3

[0194] An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device comprising at least a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above-mentioned method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment when executing the computer program on the memory.

[0195] In some embodiments, the processor that executes the computer program may be a processing device including one or more general-purpose processing devices, such as a microprocessor, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), etc. More specifically, the processor may be a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a processor that runs other instruction sets, or a processor that runs a combination of instruction sets. The processor may also be one or more special-purpose processing devices, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), a system on a chip (SoC), etc.

[0196] The memory may be read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), phase-change random access memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), other types of random access memory (RAM), flash disks or other forms of flash memory, cache, registers, static memory, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape cassettes or other magnetic storage devices, or any other possible non-transitory medium used to store information or instructions that can be accessed by a computer device.

[0197] The electronic devices of the embodiments of the present application may include but are not limited to fixed terminal devices such as servers, desktop computers, digital TVs, and mobile terminal devices such as vehicle-mounted devices (such as head-up display devices), handheld devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, etc.), and wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets, etc.).

[0198] Example 4

[0199] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the above-mentioned method for monitoring the high-pressure manifold of the fracturing equipment.

[0200] The computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present application may adopt any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination thereof. In the embodiment of the present application, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or device, for example, the memory described above.

[0201] The computer programs of the embodiments of the present application can be organized into one or more computer-executable components or modules. Any number and combination of such components or modules can be used to implement various aspects of the present application. For example, various aspects of the present application are not limited to the specific computer-executable instructions or specific components or modules shown in the drawings and described herein. Other embodiments may include different computer-executable instructions or components with more or less functionality than shown and described herein.

[0202] Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological logical acts, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are merely example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment, characterized in that: The method is used to monitor a high-pressure manifold connected between a fracturing device and a high- and low-pressure manifold skid, comprising: Acquiring a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold by a vibration sensor disposed on the high-pressure manifold, wherein the vibration sensor is disposed at at least one of a connection between a hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment and the high-pressure manifold, an elbow of the high-pressure manifold, and a connection between the high-pressure manifold and a valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid; monitoring the operating status of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration signal; The operating parameters of the fracturing equipment are adjusted according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold, and / or pipeline vibration fault diagnosis is performed on the high-pressure manifold according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold.

2. The method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple fracturing devices, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the high and low pressure manifold skid. Each fracturing device is connected to the high and low pressure manifold skid through a high pressure manifold. The operating parameters of the fracturing device are adjusted according to the operating status of the high pressure manifold, including: Acquiring a key phase signal of the fracturing equipment through a code disk and a key phase sensor provided at a free end of a crankshaft of the fracturing equipment; obtaining a discharge pressure signal of the hydraulic end of the fracturing equipment through a discharge pressure sensor provided at the hydraulic end of the fracturing equipment; The crankshaft turning sequence of the fracturing equipment corresponding to both sides of the high and low pressure manifolds is controlled according to the vibration signal, the discharge pressure signal and the key phase signal.

3. The method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Monitoring the operating state of the high-pressure manifold according to the vibration signal includes: Extracting vibration features from the vibration signal, wherein the vibration feature signal includes at least one of a time domain signal feature, a frequency domain signal feature, a time-frequency domain signal feature, an instantaneous frequency feature, an instantaneous amplitude feature, a principal component feature, and a fault source feature; The vibration state of the high-pressure manifold is determined according to the vibration characteristics, wherein the vibration state includes at least one of vibration type, amplitude, frequency, vibration intensity, vibration time, and vibration position.

4. The method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: After extracting the vibration feature from the vibration signal, the method further includes: The effective vibration features in the vibration signal are extracted by at least one of correlation analysis, principal component analysis and Fisher discriminant analysis.

5. The method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Performing pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold according to the operating status of the high-pressure manifold includes: identifying an excitation source of the vibration signal; Check the pipe support of the high-pressure manifold; Checking the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold; Check pipeline boundary conditions; Analyze fluid conditions; The vibration fault type of the high-pressure manifold is determined according to at least one of the vibration state of the high-pressure manifold, the excitation source of the vibration signal, the pipeline support of the high-pressure manifold, the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold, the pipeline boundary conditions and the fluid conditions.

6. The method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vibration fault type of the high-pressure manifold includes at least one of a pipeline resonance fault, an eddy current excitation vibration fault, a flutter fault, a fluid elastic instability fault and an aeroacoustic resonance fault; or The vibration failure type of the high-pressure manifold includes at least one of loose support, pipeline deformation, active induced vibration, eddy current shedding, resonant vibration and pipeline cracking.

7. The method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Identifying an excitation source of the vibration signal, comprising: Checking fluid conditions in the pipeline, wherein the fluid conditions include at least one of flow rate, pressure, and temperature; finding an external excitation source, wherein the external excitation source includes at least one of a pump and a valve; and analyzing the relationship between the fluid conditions and process parameter changes of the external excitation source and the vibration; Check the piping support of the high-pressure manifold, including: Check the support condition and support effectiveness of the high-pressure manifold bracket; verify whether the high-pressure manifold bracket meets the design standards; find loose or damaged parts in the high-pressure manifold bracket; Check the manifold structure of the high-pressure manifold, including: Inspect pipelines for cracks, corrosion, or leaks; verify pipeline thickness and material integrity; identify geometric flaws or discontinuities in said pipelines; Check pipeline boundary conditions, including: Check the connection between the pipeline and other equipment or components; verify whether the pipeline boundary conditions meet the design specifications; look for abnormal stresses or loads; Analyze fluid conditions, including: Measure fluid flow rate and pressure; examine the properties and composition of fluid media; and identify flow patterns or changes in fluid viscosity that may cause vibrations.

8. The method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Construct a pipeline vibration model based on pipeline vibration characteristics; Simulating pipeline vibration conditions under different excitation sources and pipeline boundary conditions according to the pipeline vibration model; The pipeline design is optimized based on the simulation results of the pipeline vibration conditions.

9. The method for monitoring a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration type includes lateral vibration, longitudinal vibration and torsional vibration; or, the vibration type includes single-tube vibration and multi-tube vibration; or, the vibration type includes radial vibration and axial vibration; The vibration time includes continuous vibration, intermittent vibration and resonant vibration; The vibrating parts include pipeline connections, pipeline elbows and pipeline supports.

10. A monitoring device for a high-pressure manifold of a fracturing equipment, characterized in that: Used to monitor the high-pressure manifold connected between the fracturing equipment and the high- and low-pressure manifold skids, the monitoring device includes: a vibration sensor disposed on the high-pressure manifold and configured to obtain a vibration signal of the high-pressure manifold, wherein the vibration sensor is disposed at at least one of a connection between the hydraulic end valve box of the fracturing equipment and the high-pressure manifold, an elbow of the high-pressure manifold, and a connection between the high-pressure manifold and a valve of the high- and low-pressure manifold skid; A controller is configured to monitor the operating status of the high-pressure manifold based on the vibration signal; adjust operating parameters of the fracturing equipment based on the operating status of the high-pressure manifold; and / or perform pipeline vibration fault diagnosis on the high-pressure manifold based on the operating status of the high-pressure manifold.

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