An explosion-proof window structure and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an explosion-proof window structure and a preparation method and application thereof, relates to the technical field of explosion-proof window structures, and comprises the following steps: mixing inorganic nano-particles modified with perfluoropolyether to prepare a composite functional coating; spraying the composite functional coating onto the surface of a fluoride crystal to prepare a light-transmitting element; and assembling the light-transmitting element with a sealing assembly, a mounting and fixing assembly, a flange frame and a protective cover to obtain an explosion-proof window structure. The window structure improves the explosion-proof performance of the light-transmitting element through the physical structure and the performance enhancement of the light-transmitting element, maintains the excellent light-transmitting property of the light-transmitting element, and has wide application value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of explosion-proof window structure, in particular to an explosion-proof window structure and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the application field with potential explosion risk, the explosion-proof window as a key safety protection and observation component, its performance directly concerns personnel safety, equipment integrity and operation effectiveness. In these scenarios, the window not only needs to be able to withstand the violent impact pressure generated in the explosion moment, resist the flying of fragments, so as to prevent the outflow and diffusion of explosion energy, and gain time for personnel evacuation and equipment protection; at the same time, it also needs to have good light transmission performance to meet the real-time clear observation demand of internal working condition, reaction process or target state.

[0003] However, the existing explosion-proof window structure has limitations in technology, and it is difficult to simultaneously consider excellent explosion-proof performance and good light transmission. In the traditional structure, some use thickened metal frame or multiple layers of tempered glass stacking to improve the explosion-proof ability, but this often leads to a decrease in light transmission and an increase in overall weight, and the installation and maintenance costs are increased; some structures use materials with good light transmission, but due to the insufficient mechanical properties of the materials themselves or structural design defects, they are prone to rupture and deformation when facing strong explosion impact, and cannot form a reliable protective barrier. In addition, some explosion-proof windows also have performance degradation problems due to environmental factors (such as corrosion and temperature change) during long-term use, which further affects their safety and practicality.

[0004] Therefore, it is an urgent need in the related field to develop an explosion-proof window structure that can comprehensively improve the explosion-proof performance and maintain excellent light transmission characteristics. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides an explosion-proof window structure and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite functional coating is prepared by mixing the inorganic nanoparticles modified with perfluoropolyether; then the composite functional coating is sprayed on the surface of the fluoride crystal to prepare a light transmission element; the light transmission element, the sealing assembly, the mounting and fixing assembly, the flange frame and the protective cover are assembled with each other to obtain an explosion-proof window structure. The window structure improves the explosion-proof performance through physical structure and performance enhancement of the light transmission element, and at the same time maintains the excellent light transmission of the light transmission element.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides an explosion-proof window structure, comprising a flange frame, a protective cover, a light-transmitting element, a sealing assembly, and a mounting and fixing assembly; wherein the sealing assembly comprises an inner ring double-sided adhesive, a rear gasket, and a single-sided sealing ring, and the mounting and fixing assembly comprises a locking nut, a rear screw nut, and a side screw nut; the flange frame, the inner ring double-sided adhesive, the light-transmitting element, the rear gasket, and the single-sided sealing ring are sequentially and pairwise adhered to each other; the light-transmitting element is prepared after a fluorite crystal is coated with a composite functional coating; the composite functional coating comprises a perfluoropolyether doped with modified inorganic nanoparticles; the modified inorganic nanoparticles are obtained by modifying inorganic nanoparticles with a silane coupling agent.

[0008] The explosion-proof window structure provided by the present application provides initial adhesion by the inner ring double-sided adhesive, buffers stress by the rear gasket, fills micro gaps by the single-sided sealing ring, and forms a gradient seal through multi-layer superposition; further combined with the three-dimensional fastening structure of the locking nut, the rear screw nut, and the side screw nut, a stable physical barrier is formed, effectively resisting impact and pressure leakage. The inorganic nanoparticles modified by the silane coupling agent can be uniformly dispersed in the perfluoropolyether through the action of chemical bonding and physical adsorption. When the light-transmitting element is impacted, the inorganic nanoparticles can disperse the stress to a larger area, and at the same time, the strong interfacial bonding between the inorganic nanoparticles and the matrix effectively prevents crack propagation, thereby significantly improving the explosion-proof performance of the material. If the nanoparticles agglomerate, strong light scattering will occur due to the size being close to the wavelength of visible light, resulting in a decrease in light transmission. However, after modification by the silane coupling agent, the inorganic nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed and have a particle size of 20-50 nm, and the light scattering effect can be ignored. Moreover, the perfluoropolyether is transparent as a whole, so the light-transmitting element can also maintain overall light transmission. Finally, the explosion-proof performance of the explosion-proof window structure is improved and the light transmission is maintained through optimization and adjustment of the physical structure and performance enhancement of the light-transmitting element.

[0009] In an implementable embodiment, the fluorite crystal comprises any one of magnesium fluoride crystal, calcium fluoride crystal, and barium fluoride crystal. The fluorite crystal used in the present application is combined by the strong electronegative fluorine ion and the metal cation through a strong ionic bond, the binding of the atomic nucleus to the electron is extremely strong, resulting in a large band gap between the valence band and the conduction band. Therefore, the photon energy of ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light does not meet the electron transition condition, so the fluorite crystal exhibits high transmittance in these light bands, thereby having high light transmission.

[0010] In an implementable embodiment, the inorganic nanoparticles comprise any one of nano-silicon dioxide, nano-titanium dioxide, and nano-aluminum oxide; the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles ranges from 20 nm to 50 nm.

[0011] In an implementable embodiment, the preparation method of the composite functional coating comprises the following steps:

[0012] The inorganic nanoparticles are added into a mixing blender, stirred at a speed of 500-600 rpm, and a silane coupling agent is sprayed into the blender while stirring, followed by continued stirring for 5-15 min to obtain modified inorganic nanoparticles; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the inorganic nanoparticles is (1-5):(95-99);

[0013] The dispersant is added into the perfluoropolyether, followed by stirring at a speed of 200-300 rpm for 10-20 min under ultrasonication to form a mixed solution; the mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether to the dispersant is (70-80):(20-30);

[0014] The modified inorganic nanoparticles are added into the mixed solution, and stirring is continued at a speed of 200-300 rpm for 15-30 min under ultrasonication to obtain the composite functional coating; the mass ratio of the modified inorganic nanoparticles to the mixed solution is (5-15):(85-95).

[0015] In an embodiment, the silane coupling agent includes any one of γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl trimethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl triethoxysilane, and β-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl trimethoxysilane.

[0016] The silane coupling agent generates silicon hydroxyl groups by hydrolysis, reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the inorganic nanoparticles used in the present application to form covalent bonds, and the epoxy groups therein crosslink with active atoms (such as oxygen in the ether bond) in the perfluoropolyether, achieving uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles in the polymer and generating a nano-reinforced network. The composite functional coating thus prepared significantly improves the explosion-proof performance of the fluoride crystal while maintaining excellent light transmittance when coated on the surface of the fluoride crystal.

[0017] In an embodiment, the dispersant includes any one of perfluorohexane, perfluoroheptane, and perfluorooctane.

[0018] The dispersant used in the present application can reduce the viscosity of the composite functional coating, promote mixing of the nanoparticles and the perfluoropolyether, form a stable and uniform dispersion liquid, and facilitate coating on the fluoride crystal. In addition, the dispersant can also enhance the interaction between the dispersant and the perfluoropolyether through hydrogen bonding, improving the compactness of the composite functional coating.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an explosion-proof window structure, including the following steps:

[0020] The composite functional coating is sprayed onto both the front and back surfaces of the fluoride crystal by controlling the spraying pressure and spraying distance;

[0021] Subsequently, the fluoride crystal is subjected to vacuum infiltration treatment and solidified at 100-120 DEG C for 2-4 hours to obtain the light transmission element;

[0022] The inner ring double-sided adhesive, the light transmission element, the rear gasket and the single-sided sealing ring are sequentially attached to the flange frame;

[0023] Subsequently, the rear screw nut is installed, and the protective cover is fixed to the flange frame through the locking nut.

[0024] Finally, the side screw nut is installed to obtain the explosion-proof window structure.

[0025] In an available embodiment, the spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa, and the spraying distance is 10-15 cm.

[0026] In an available embodiment, the parameters of the vacuum infiltration treatment are: -0.1 MPa to -0.08 MPa, and the infiltration time is 30-60 min.

[0027] The adjustment and optimization of the pressure and distance of spraying can make the coating on the surface of the fluoride crystal plastically deform to form a tightly attached coating. Further, the vacuum infiltration can discharge the gas inside the crystal through negative pressure to promote the penetration of the composite functional coating, so that the explosion-proof performance of the prepared light transmission element is improved.

[0028] In a third aspect, the application provides an application of the explosion-proof window structure in infrared temperature measurement.

[0029] The explosion-proof window structure prepared in the application can be installed on the box or cabinet of the power system to realize observation of the inside of the box or cabinet of the power system and monitoring of the temperature and other parameters inside the box or cabinet.

[0030] Beneficial technical effects:

[0031] In the application, the inorganic nanoparticles are modified and mixed with perfluoropolyether to prepare a composite functional coating. The composite functional coating is sprayed on the surface of the fluoride crystal to prepare a light transmission element. The light transmission element is assembled with a sealing assembly, a mounting and fixing assembly, a flange frame and a protective cover to obtain an explosion-proof window structure.

[0032] The explosion-proof window structure provides initial bonding force through the inner ring double-sided adhesive, buffers stress through the rear gasket, fills micro gaps through the single-sided sealing ring, and forms gradient sealing through multi-layer superposition; further combined with the three-dimensional fastening structure of the locking nut, rear screw nut and side screw nut, a stable physical barrier is formed, which can effectively resist impact and pressure leakage. In the structure, due to the inorganic nanoparticles modified by silane coupling agent, the inorganic nanoparticles can be uniformly dispersed in perfluoropolyether through the action of chemical bonding and physical adsorption. When the light-transmitting element is impacted, the inorganic nanoparticles can disperse the stress to a larger area; at the same time, the strong interfacial bonding between the inorganic nanoparticles and the matrix can effectively prevent crack propagation, thereby significantly improving the explosion-proof performance of the material. If the inorganic nanoparticles agglomerate, strong light scattering will occur due to the size close to the wavelength of visible light, resulting in a decrease in light transmittance; but after modification by the silane coupling agent, the nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed and the particle size is only 20-50 nm, and the light scattering effect can be ignored; and the perfluoropolyether is transparent as a whole, so the light-transmitting element can also maintain overall light transmittance. Finally, the light-transmitting element prepared by coating the composite functional coating on the fluoride crystal and vacuum impregnation treatment has excellent explosion-proof performance and excellent light transmittance, realizing the application expansion of the explosion-proof window structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof window structure.

[0034] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0035] 1, flange frame; 2, protective cover; 3, light-transmitting element; 401, inner ring double-sided adhesive; 402, rear gasket; 403, single-sided sealing ring; 501, locking nut; 502, rear screw nut; 503, side screw nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. However, this should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present application to the following examples. Without departing from the method idea of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] The singular forms "is", "or", "a" and "the" used in the present application and the appended claims are intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0038] The present application provides an explosion-proof window structure, a preparation method and application thereof, and a structure schematic diagram thereof is shown in Figure 1 .

[0039] The following will specifically describe a preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure in combination with different embodiments.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] The preparation method of the explosion-proof window structure comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1, spray the composite functional coating to the front and back surfaces of the magnesium fluoride crystal at a spraying pressure of 0.4 MPa and a spraying distance of 12 cm;

[0043] S2, then immerse the magnesium fluoride crystal in-0.09 MPa for 45 min and solidify at 100℃ for 3 h to obtain a light-transmitting element 3;

[0044] S3, sequentially attach the inner ring double-sided adhesive tape 401, the light-transmitting element 3, the rear gasket 402 and the single-sided sealing ring 403 to the flange frame 1;

[0045] S4, then install the rear rotating nut 502 and fix the protective cover 2 to the flange frame 1 through the locking nut 501;

[0046] S5, finally install the side rotating nut 503 to obtain the explosion-proof window structure;

[0047] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the composite functional coating is as follows:

[0048] 1) add nano-silicon dioxide into a mixing blender, stir at a speed of 550 rpm, spray γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane into the mixing blender, then continue to stir for 10 min to obtain modified nano-silicon dioxide;

[0049] The mass ratio of the γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane to the nano-silicon dioxide is 2:98;

[0050] 2) add perfluorohexane into the perfluoropolyether, then stir at a speed of 250 rpm for 15 min to form a mixed solution under ultrasonic;

[0051] The mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether to the perfluorohexane is 75:25;

[0052] 3) add the modified nano-silicon dioxide into the mixed solution, continue to stir at a speed of 250 rpm for 20 min under ultrasonic to obtain the composite functional coating;

[0053] The mass ratio of the modified nano-silicon dioxide to the mixed solution is 10:90.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] A preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1, spray the composite functional coating to the front and back surfaces of the calcium fluoride crystal at a spraying pressure of 0.3 MPa and a spraying distance of 10 cm;

[0057] S2, then immerse the calcium fluoride crystal in-0.08 MPa for 30 min and solidify at 110 DEG C for 2 h to obtain a light-transmitting element 3;

[0058] S3, sequentially attach an inner ring double-sided adhesive tape 401, the light-transmitting element 3, a rear gasket 402 and a single-sided sealing ring 403 on the flange frame 1;

[0059] S4, then install a rear rotating nut 502 and fix the protective cover 2 on the flange frame 1 through a locking nut 501;

[0060] S5, finally install a side rotating nut 503 to obtain the explosion-proof window structure;

[0061] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the composite functional coating is as follows:

[0062] 1) add nano-titanium dioxide into a mixing blender, stir at a speed of 500 rpm, spray gamma-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl triethoxysilane into the nano-titanium dioxide, then continue to stir for 5 min to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide;

[0063] The mass ratio of the gamma-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl triethoxysilane to the nano-titanium dioxide is 3:97;

[0064] 2) add perfluoroheptane into perfluoropolyether, then form a mixed solution by stirring at a speed of 200 rpm for 10 min under ultrasonic;

[0065] The mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether to the perfluoroheptane is 70:30;

[0066] 3) add the modified nano-titanium dioxide into the mixed solution, continue to stir at a speed of 200 rpm for 15 min under ultrasonic to obtain the composite functional coating;

[0067] The mass ratio of the modified nano-titanium dioxide to the mixed solution is 5:95.

[0068] Embodiment 3

[0069] A preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure, comprising the following steps:

[0070] S1, spray the composite functional coating to the front and back surfaces of the calcium fluoride crystal at a spraying pressure of 0.3 MPa and a spraying distance of 10 cm;

[0071] S2, the barium fluoride crystal is then infiltrated at -0.1 MPa for 60 min and cured at 120°C for 4 h to obtain a light-transmitting element 3;

[0072] S3, the inner ring double-sided adhesive 401, the light-transmitting element 3, the rear gasket 402 and the single-sided sealing ring 403 are sequentially attached on the flange frame 1;

[0073] S4, the rear rotating nut 502 is then installed, and the protective cover 2 is fixed on the flange frame 1 through the locking nut 501;

[0074] S5, finally, the side rotating nut 503 is installed, and an explosion-proof window structure is obtained;

[0075] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the composite functional coating is as follows:

[0076] 1) The nano-aluminum oxide is added to a mixing blender and stirred at a speed of 600 rpm, while spraying β-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxysilane into it, and then continuing to stir for 15 min to obtain modified nano-aluminum oxide;

[0077] The mass ratio of the β-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxysilane to the nano-aluminum oxide is 1:99;

[0078] 2) Perfluoropolyether is added to perfluorooctane, and then stirred at a speed of 300 rpm for 20 min under ultrasonic to form a mixed solution;

[0079] The mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether to the perfluorooctane is 80:20;

[0080] 3) The modified nano-aluminum oxide is added to the mixed solution, and then stirred at a speed of 300 rpm for 30 min under ultrasonic to obtain a composite functional coating;

[0081] The mass ratio of the modified nano-aluminum oxide to the mixed solution is 15:85.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] A preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure, comprising the following steps:

[0084] S1, the composite functional coating is sprayed onto the front and back surfaces of the magnesium fluoride crystal at a spraying pressure of 0.35 MPa and a spraying distance of 11 cm;

[0085] S2, the magnesium fluoride crystal is then infiltrated at -0.085 MPa for 40 min and cured at 115°C for 2.5 h to obtain a light-transmitting element 3;

[0086] S3, sequentially adhere the inner ring double-sided adhesive 401, the light transmission element 3, the rear gasket 402 and the single-sided sealing ring 403 on the flange frame 1;

[0087] S4, then install the rear screw nut 502, and fix the protective cover 2 on the flange frame 1 through the locking nut 501;

[0088] S5, finally install the side screw nut 503, and obtain the explosion-proof window structure;

[0089] In the embodiment, the preparation method of the composite functional coating is as follows:

[0090] 1) add nano-silicon dioxide into a mixing blender, stir at a speed of 520 rpm, spray γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl triethoxysilane into the mixing blender, then continue to stir for 8 min to obtain modified nano-silicon dioxide;

[0091] The mass ratio of the γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl triethoxysilane to the nano-silicon dioxide is 5:95;

[0092] 2) add perfluoroheptane into the perfluoropolyether, then form a mixed solution by stirring at a speed of 220 rpm for 12 min under ultrasonic;

[0093] The mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether to the perfluoroheptane is 72:28;

[0094] 3) add the modified nano-silicon dioxide into the mixed solution, continue to stir at a speed of 220 rpm for 18 min under ultrasonic, and obtain the composite functional coating;

[0095] The mass ratio of the modified nano-silicon dioxide to the mixed solution is 8:92.

[0096] Example 5

[0097] A preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure, comprising the following steps:

[0098] S1, spray the composite functional coating to the front and back surfaces of the calcium fluoride crystal at a spraying pressure of 0.45 MPa and a spraying distance of 13 cm;

[0099] S2, then immerse the calcium fluoride crystal in-0.095 MPa for 50 min, and solidify at 120℃ for 3.5 h to obtain the light transmission element 3;

[0100] S3, sequentially adhere the inner ring double-sided adhesive 401, the light transmission element 3, the rear gasket 402 and the single-sided sealing ring 403 on the flange frame 1;

[0101] S4, then install the rear nut 502, and the protective cover 2 is fixed on the flange frame 1 through the locking nut 501;

[0102] S5, finally install the side nut 503, that is, the explosion-proof window structure is obtained;

[0103] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the composite functional coating is:

[0104] 1) Add nano-titanium dioxide into a mixing blender, stir at a speed of 580 rpm, spray β-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxysilane into it, then continue stirring for 12 min, and obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide;

[0105] The mass ratio of the β-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxysilane to the nano-titanium dioxide is 4:96;

[0106] 2) Add perfluorohexane into the perfluoropolyether, then form a mixed solution by stirring at a speed of 280 rpm for 18 min under ultrasonic;

[0107] The mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether to the perfluorohexane is 78:22;

[0108] 3) Add the modified nano-titanium dioxide into the mixed solution, continue stirring at a speed of 280 rpm for 25 min under ultrasonic, and obtain the composite functional coating;

[0109] The mass ratio of the modified nano-titanium dioxide to the mixed solution is 12:88.

[0110] Example 6

[0111] A preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure comprises the following steps:

[0112] S1, control the spraying pressure to be 0.4 MPa and the spraying distance to be 14 cm, and spray the composite functional coating on both the front and back surfaces of the barium fluoride crystal;

[0113] S2, then immerse the barium fluoride crystal in-0.09 MPa for 55 min, and solidify it at 110°C for 3 h, and obtain the light-transmitting element 3;

[0114] S3, sequentially paste the inner ring double-sided adhesive tape 401, the light-transmitting element 3, the rear gasket 402 and the single-sided sealing ring 403 on the flange frame 1;

[0115] S4, then install the rear nut 502, and the protective cover 2 is fixed on the flange frame 1 through the locking nut 501;

[0116] S5, finally install the side nut 503, that is, the explosion-proof window structure is obtained;

[0117] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the composite functional coating is as follows:

[0118] 1) The nano-alumina is added into a mixing blender, and stirred at a speed of 560 rpm, while spraying γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane into the mixing blender, and then continuing to stir for 14 min to obtain modified nano-alumina;

[0119] The mass ratio of the γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane to the nano-alumina is 3:97;

[0120] 2) The perfluorooctane is added into the perfluoropolyether, and then stirred at a speed of 260 rpm for 16 min under ultrasonic to form a mixed solution;

[0121] The mass ratio of the perfluorooctane to the perfluoropolyether is 70:30;

[0122] 3) The modified nano-alumina is added into the mixed solution, and then stirred at a speed of 260 rpm for 22 min under ultrasonic to obtain the composite functional coating;

[0123] The mass ratio of the modified nano-alumina to the mixed solution is 6:94.

[0124] Comparative Example 1

[0125] A preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure comprises the following steps:

[0126] S1, sequentially attaching an inner ring double-sided adhesive, a magnesium fluoride crystal, a rear gasket and a single-sided sealing ring on a flange frame;

[0127] S2, then installing a rear rotating nut, and fixing a protective cover on the flange frame through a locking nut;

[0128] S3, finally installing a side rotating nut to obtain the explosion-proof window structure.

[0129] Comparative Example 2

[0130] A preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure comprises the following steps:

[0131] S1, controlling the spraying pressure to be 0.5 MPa and the spraying distance to be 15 cm, and spraying the composite functional coating on both the front and back surfaces of a barium fluoride crystal;

[0132] S2, then immersing the barium fluoride crystal at -0.1 MPa for 60 min, and curing at 120℃ for 4 h to obtain a light-transmitting element;

[0133] S3, sequentially attaching an inner ring double-sided adhesive, the light-transmitting element, a rear gasket and a single-sided sealing ring on a flange frame;

[0134] S4, then install the rear screw nut, and fix the protective cover on the flange frame through the locking nut;

[0135] S5, finally install the side screw nut, that is, obtain the explosion-proof window structure;

[0136] In the example, the preparation method of the composite functional coating is as follows:

[0137] The nano-aluminum oxide is added into the perfluoropolyether, and stirred at a speed of 300 rpm for 30 min under ultrasonic, to obtain the composite functional coating;

[0138] The mass ratio of the nano-aluminum oxide to the perfluoropolyether is 15:85.

[0139] Example 3

[0140] A preparation method of an explosion-proof window structure, comprising the following steps:

[0141] S1, control the spraying pressure to be 0.4 MPa and the spraying distance to be 14 cm, and spray the composite functional coating on the front and back surfaces of the barium fluoride crystal;

[0142] S2, then immerse the barium fluoride crystal in-0.09 MPa for 55 min, and solidify it at 110°C for 3 h, to obtain a light-transmitting element;

[0143] S3, sequentially paste the inner ring double-sided adhesive and the light-transmitting element on the flange frame;

[0144] S4, then install the rear screw nut, and fix the protective cover on the flange frame through the locking nut;

[0145] S5, finally install the side screw nut, that is, obtain the explosion-proof window structure;

[0146] In the example, the preparation method of the composite functional coating is as follows:

[0147] 1) Add nano-aluminum oxide into a mixing blender, and stir at a speed of 560 rpm, while spraying γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane into it, then continue to stir for 14 min, to obtain modified inorganic nanoparticles;

[0148] The mass ratio of the γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane to the nano-aluminum oxide is 3:97;

[0149] 2) Add perfluorooctane into perfluoropolyether, then stir at a speed of 260 rpm for 16 min under ultrasonic to form a mixed solution;

[0150] The mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether to the perfluorooctane is 70:30;

[0151] 3) The modified inorganic nanoparticles are added to the mixed solution, and stirring is continued at a speed of 260 rpm for 22 min under ultrasonic, to obtain a composite functional coating;

[0152] The mass ratio of the modified inorganic nanoparticles to the mixed solution is 6:94.

[0153] The anti-impact energy, transmittance, and internal arc tests of the explosion-proof window structures prepared in the above Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are performed to reflect the excellent explosion-proof performance and light transmittance of the explosion-proof window structures prepared in the above Examples and Comparative Examples. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0154] Table 1 Test results of the explosion-proof window structures prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0155]

[0156] As can be seen from Table 1, the explosion-proof performance and light transmittance of the explosion-proof window structures prepared in Examples 1-6 are superior to those of Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0157] This is because the explosion-proof window structures prepared in Examples 1-6 provide initial adhesion by the inner ring double-sided adhesive 401, stress buffering by the rear gasket 402, micro-gap filling by the single-sided sealing ring 403, and gradient sealing by the multi-layer superposition; further combined with the three-dimensional fastening structure of the locking nut 501, the rear screw nut 502, and the side screw nut 503, a stable physical barrier is formed, which can effectively resist impact and pressure leakage. In the structure, the inorganic nanoparticles modified by the silane coupling agent can be uniformly dispersed in the perfluoropolyether through the action of chemical bonding and physical adsorption. When the light transmission element 3 is impacted, the inorganic nanoparticles can disperse the stress to a larger area; at the same time, the strong interfacial bonding between the inorganic nanoparticles and the matrix can effectively prevent crack propagation, thereby significantly improving the explosion-proof performance of the material. If the inorganic nanoparticles are aggregated, strong light scattering will occur due to the size close to the wavelength of visible light, resulting in a decrease in light transmittance; but after modification by the silane coupling agent, the inorganic nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed and have a particle size of 20-50 nm, and the light scattering effect can be ignored; and the perfluoropolyether is transparent as a whole, so the light transmission element can also maintain overall light transmittance. Finally, the light transmission element prepared by coating the composite functional coating on the fluoride crystal and vacuum infiltration treatment has excellent explosion-proof performance and excellent light transmittance.

[0158] Comparative Example 1, the light transmission element in the prepared explosion-proof window structure is not coated with a composite functional coating, so when the light transmission element is impacted, the inorganic nanoparticles cannot disperse the stress to a larger area; nor can they effectively prevent crack propagation through the strong interfacial bonding between the inorganic nanoparticles and the matrix, resulting in a significant decrease in the impact resistance of the explosion-proof window structure.

[0159] Comparative Example 2 and Example 3, although the explosion-proof window structure prepared, the light transmission element coated with a composite functional coating, but because the inorganic nanoparticles were not modified, and the perfluoropolyether was not treated with a dispersant, the inorganic nanoparticles were not uniformly dispersed, and were prone to agglomeration; the final impact strength and light transmittance were both decreased.

[0160] Comparative Example 3 and Example 6, although the explosion-proof window structure prepared, the light transmission element coated with a composite functional coating, but the overall structure lacked a rear gasket and a single-sided sealing ring, so a stable physical barrier could not be formed, and the impact strength was significantly decreased.

[0161] The above results show and describe the basic principles and main features of the present application, and the advantages of the present application.

[0162] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection claimed by the present application is defined by the equivalents of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A blast mitigation window structure, characterized by, The application relates to an explosion-proof window structure, which comprises a flange frame (1), a protective cover (2), a light-transmitting element (3), a sealing assembly and a mounting and fixing assembly; the sealing assembly comprises an inner-ring double-sided adhesive tape (401), a rear gasket (402) and a single-sided sealing ring (403); the mounting and fixing assembly comprises a locking nut (501), a rear screw nut (502) and a side screw nut (503); the flange frame (1), the inner-ring double-sided adhesive tape (401), the light-transmitting element (3), the rear gasket (402) and the single-sided sealing ring (403) are sequentially and mutually adhered; the light-transmitting element (3) is prepared by coating a fluorite crystal with a composite functional coating; the composite functional coating comprises a perfluoropolyether doped with modified inorganic nanoparticles; the modified inorganic nanoparticles are obtained by modifying inorganic nanoparticles with a silane coupling agent. The preparation method of the composite functional coating comprises the following steps: The inorganic nanoparticles are added into a mixing blender, and the inorganic nanoparticles are stirred at a speed of 500-600 rpm, and a silane coupling agent is sprayed into the inorganic nanoparticles during the stirring, and then the stirring is continued for 5-15 min to obtain modified inorganic nanoparticles; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the inorganic nanoparticles is (1-5):(95-99); The perfluoropolyether is added with a dispersing agent, and then a mixed solution is formed by ultrasonic stirring at a speed of 200-300 rpm for 10-20 min; the mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether to the dispersing agent is (70-80):(20-30); The modified inorganic nanoparticles are added into the mixed solution, and then the stirring is continued by ultrasonic stirring at a speed of 200-300 rpm for 15-30 min to obtain the composite functional coating; the mass ratio of the modified inorganic nanoparticles to the mixed solution is (5-15):(85-95). The dispersing agent comprises any one of perfluorohexane, perfluoroheptane and perfluorooctane.

2. A blast-resistant window structure according to claim 1, wherein, The fluorite crystal comprises any one of magnesium fluoride crystal, calcium fluoride crystal and barium fluoride crystal.

3. A blast-resistant window structure according to claim 1, wherein, The inorganic nanoparticles comprise any one of nano-silicon dioxide, nano-titanium dioxide and nano-aluminum oxide; the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles ranges from 20 nm to 50 nm.

4. A blast-resistant window structure according to claim 1, wherein, The silane coupling agent comprises any one of gamma-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane, gamma-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl triethoxysilane and beta-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxysilane.

5. A method of manufacturing the blast-resistant window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The application further discloses a preparation method of the composite functional coating, which comprises the following steps: The composite functional coating is sprayed onto the front and back surfaces of the fluorite crystal by controlling the spraying pressure and the spraying distance; Then, the fluorite crystal is subjected to vacuum infiltration treatment and is cured at 100-120 DEG C for 2-4 h to obtain the light-transmitting element (3); The inner-ring double-sided adhesive tape (401), the light-transmitting element (3), the rear gasket (402) and the single-sided sealing ring (403) are sequentially adhered to the flange frame (1); Then, the rear screw nut (502) is mounted, and the protective cover (2) is fixed on the flange frame (1) through the locking nut (501); Finally, the side screw nut (503) is mounted, and the explosion-proof window structure is obtained.

6. A method of making an explosion-resistant window structure according to claim 5, wherein, The spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa, and the spraying distance is 10-15 cm.

7. A method of making an explosion-resistant window structure according to claim 5, wherein, The parameters of the vacuum infiltration treatment are: -0.1 MPa to -0.08 MPa, and the infiltration time is 30-60 min.

8. The use of the explosion-proof window structure prepared by the method of claim 5 in infrared temperature measurement.

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