Low-temperature low-heat-leakage tensile test device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and provides a low-temperature low-heat-leakage tensile test device which comprises a static tensile assembly and a movable supporting body, and the static tensile assembly is used for fixing the first end of a workpiece; the movable supporting body is integrally formed and provided with a cavity, the cavity is used for containing a workpiece, and the side wall of the cavity is arranged to be in a hollowed-out shape. The first end of the movable supporting body is movably connected with the static stretching assembly, and the second end of the movable supporting body is connected with the second end of the workpiece and used for driving the second end of the workpiece to move in the axial direction. The movable support body is integrally formed, compared with a traditional structure, the number of parts and connecting gaps are reduced, the overall radial size is remarkably reduced, and the effects of being compact in structure and high in space utilization rate are achieved; and in combination with the hollow side wall, the heat exchange area with the outside is reduced, the heat leakage of the system can be effectively reduced, the low-temperature environment from-50 DEG C to room temperature can be more efficiently maintained, and the temperature stability of the test environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and in particular to a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen combustion engines are exposed to hydrogen environments for extended periods during operation, and materials may experience extreme temperatures as low as -50°C in actual operating conditions. At these temperatures, metal materials experience a significant decrease in toughness and an increase in brittleness, potentially leading to low-temperature brittle fracture. Polymer sealing materials also experience a loss of elasticity due to the glass transition, leading to seal failure. Furthermore, hydrogen molecules more readily adsorb and penetrate the metal lattice at low temperatures, inducing hydrogen embrittlement. Low-temperature testing (-50°C) verifies the material's tensile strength and fatigue life at these temperatures, ensuring its reliability in realistic low-temperature hydrogen environments and preventing the risk of leakage or structural collapse due to material failure.

[0003] At the same time, when hydrogen-fired engines are started at low temperatures (-50°C), the materials experience the dual challenges of transient temperature shock and dynamic load shock. On the one hand, the high and low temperature environments induce intense thermal stresses within the material, accelerating the initiation of microcracks. On the other hand, the high diffusivity of hydrogen molecules at low temperatures makes it easier for them to penetrate metal grain boundaries, reducing atomic bond strength through hydrogen trapping mechanisms and leading to hydrogen-induced embrittlement. Alternating loads during the startup phase (such as vibration and pressure fluctuations) synergize with hydrogen embrittlement to promote rapid crack propagation, especially in hydrogen-sensitive materials such as austenitic stainless steel and high-strength steel, potentially triggering catastrophic brittle fracture. Therefore, low-temperature hydrogen embrittlement assessments and the screening of hydrogen-embrittlement-resistant materials (such as nickel-based alloys and modified coatings) are essential to ensure structural integrity and performance reliability under cold-start conditions.

[0004] A cryogenic mechanical support device is a mechanical testing device that can be placed in a low-temperature environment to realize cryogenic mechanical testing. The assembly complexity of the cryogenic mechanical support device directly affects its installation efficiency; the radial size of the support device directly affects the final size of the cryogenic constant temperature container (sample chamber and vacuum cavity). A cryogenic mechanical support device with a larger radial size will make the final cryogenic thermostat larger in volume and mass, resulting in increased operational difficulty and reduced operational efficiency of the cryogenic mechanical test, increased heat leakage of the test cavity, and difficulty in reaching a lower temperature for the test sample.

[0005] Conventional cryogenic mechanics support devices usually consist of an upper flange, a lower flange, and multiple connecting columns connected between the upper and lower flanges by bolts. This device structure is complicated to install due to the large number of parts. The multiple columns and matching nuts occupy a large amount of available test space, which increases the volume of the overall support device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device, which is used to solve the defects of the prior art low-temperature mechanical support device, such as complex installation, large volume, and easy heat leakage, which increases the difficulty of low-temperature mechanical testing.

[0007] The present invention provides a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device, comprising: a static stretching assembly for securing a first end of the workpiece; The dynamic support body is integrally formed and provided with a cavity, which is used to accommodate the workpiece, and the side wall of the cavity is set to be hollow; the first end of the dynamic support body is movably connected to the static stretching component, and the second end thereof is connected to the second end of the workpiece, and is used to drive the second end of the workpiece to move along its axial direction.

[0008] A low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by the present invention further includes a low-temperature sample cavity, and the dynamic support body is arranged in the low-temperature sample cavity.

[0009] According to the present invention, a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device further includes a transmission mechanism connecting the dynamic support body and the testing machine, wherein the transmission mechanism is used to drive the dynamic support body to move the workpiece.

[0010] According to a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by the present invention, the static tensile component comprises: A static stretching rod, wherein a first end of the static stretching rod is connected to a sensor of the testing machine; The first connector is provided at the second end of the static stretching rod and is located in the cavity. The first connector is detachably connected to the first end of the workpiece.

[0011] A low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by the present invention further includes: A second connecting head, one end of which is detachably connected to the second end of the workpiece, and the other end of which is connected to the second end of the dynamic support body.

[0012] According to a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by the present invention, the first end of the dynamic support body is provided with a first through hole for the static tensile rod to pass through; the second end of the dynamic support body is provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole is adapted to the second connector.

[0013] According to a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by the present invention, the dynamic support body is cylindrical, with an outer diameter between 50 mm and 200 mm and a wall thickness between 5 mm and 10 mm.

[0014] According to a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes: a dynamic support tube, wherein a first end of the dynamic support tube is connected to the end plate of the low-temperature sample chamber, a second end of the dynamic support tube is connected to the first through hole, and the static stretching rod is passed through the dynamic support tube; a beam fixing plate connected to the moving beam of the testing machine; A plurality of connecting rods are evenly distributed around the dynamic support tube, and two ends of each connecting rod are respectively connected to the end plate of the low-temperature sample chamber and the beam fixing plate.

[0015] According to the low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by the present invention, a dynamic seal is provided at the movable connection between the dynamic support tube and the static tensile rod.

[0016] According to a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by the present invention, the second through hole is a combination structure of a circular hole and a rectangular hole.

[0017] The present invention provides a low-temperature, low-heat-leakage tensile testing device. During operation, the cavity accommodates a workpiece. The second end of the dynamic support body is directly connected to the second end of the workpiece, driving the workpiece axially. The static tensile assembly secures the first end of the workpiece, forming a stable tensile force-bearing structure. The integrally formed structure of the dynamic support body avoids assembly errors associated with traditional prefabricated structures, reduces test deviations caused by loose components during testing, and improves operational efficiency and test reliability. This structure can stably transmit tensile loads, ensuring accurate testing of workpiece properties such as tensile strength and elastic modulus at low temperatures and in the presence of hydrogen, providing structural support for verifying material reliability under extreme operating conditions.

[0018] The dynamic support body of the present invention adopts an integrated molding design. Compared with the traditional structure assembled by multiple columns, flanges and nuts, it reduces the number of parts and connection gaps, and significantly reduces the overall radial size. At the same time, the hollow side wall design of the cavity further streamlines the volume while ensuring structural strength, so that workpieces of the same size can occupy a smaller sample cavity space, achieving a compact structure and high space utilization. More importantly, the one-piece molded dynamic support body reduces the heat conduction path caused by the connection of multiple components, and combined with the hollow side wall, reduces the heat exchange area with the outside world, which can effectively reduce system heat leakage and can more efficiently maintain a low-temperature environment of -50°C to room temperature, thereby improving the temperature stability of the test environment and ensuring the accuracy of low-temperature mechanical properties testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamic support body provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Dynamic support body; 11. First through hole; 12. Second through hole; 2. Low-temperature sample chamber; 3. Static stretching rod; 4. First connector; 5. Second connector; 6. Dynamic support tube; 7. Crossbeam fixing plate; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Dynamic seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 2 The present invention describes a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device.

[0025] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device, comprising: a static tensile component and a dynamic support body 1, wherein the static tensile component is used to fix the first end (upper end) of the workpiece; the dynamic support body 1 is integrally formed and provided with a cavity, which is used to accommodate the workpiece, and the side wall of the cavity is configured to be hollow; the first end (upper end) of the dynamic support body 1 is movably connected to the static tensile component, and its second end (lower end) is connected to the second end (lower end) of the workpiece, so as to drive the second end of the workpiece to move along its axial direction.

[0026] During operation, the cavity accommodates the workpiece. The second end of the dynamic support body 1 is directly connected to the second end of the workpiece, driving the workpiece in axial motion. This, combined with the static tensile assembly securing the first end of the workpiece, forms a stable tensile force-bearing structure. The one-piece structure of the dynamic support body 1 avoids assembly errors associated with traditional prefabricated structures, reduces test deviations caused by loose components during testing, and improves operational efficiency and test reliability. This structure can stably transmit tensile loads, ensuring accurate testing of workpiece properties such as tensile strength and elastic modulus in low-temperature and potentially hydrogen-containing environments, providing structural support for verifying material reliability under extreme operating conditions.

[0027] It can be seen from the above scheme that the dynamic support body 1 of the present invention adopts an integrated molding design. Compared with the traditional structure assembled by multiple columns, flanges and nuts, it reduces the number of parts and connection gaps, and significantly reduces the overall radial size. At the same time, the hollow side wall design of the cavity further simplifies the volume while ensuring structural strength, so that workpieces of the same size can occupy a smaller sample cavity space, achieving a compact structure and high space utilization effect; more importantly, the one-piece molded dynamic support body 1 reduces the heat conduction path caused by the connection of multiple components, and combined with the hollow side wall, reduces the heat exchange area with the outside world, which can effectively reduce system heat leakage, and can more efficiently maintain a low-temperature environment of -50°C to room temperature, thereby improving the temperature stability of the test environment and ensuring the accuracy of low-temperature mechanical properties testing.

[0028] Optionally, the one-piece dynamic support body 1 can be made of high-strength low-temperature materials such as titanium alloy, which can maintain good mechanical strength in the range of -50°C to room temperature. It can not only withstand the load impact in the tensile test, but also adapt to the changes in material properties in the low-temperature environment, such as avoiding low-temperature brittle fracture, thereby ensuring the structural stability and service life of the device itself.

[0029] In this embodiment, a low-temperature sample chamber 2 is further included, and the dynamic support body 1 is arranged in the low-temperature sample chamber 2; the low-temperature sample chamber 2 provides a low-temperature environment or a low-temperature environment near hydrogen, and the dynamic support body 1 is arranged in the low-temperature sample chamber 2. The one-piece dynamic support body 1 reduces the connection gap between components, and its hollow side wall design reduces the contact area between the device and the external environment of the sample chamber, significantly reducing heat leakage from the outside to the inside of the sample chamber, and more stably maintaining the target test temperature of -50°C to room temperature, ensuring the accuracy of the mechanical property test of the material under real low-temperature conditions.

[0030] In this embodiment, a transmission mechanism is also included to connect the dynamic support body 1 and the testing machine, and the transmission mechanism is used to drive the dynamic support body 1 to drive the workpiece to move; the dynamic support body 1 and the testing machine are stably connected by the setting of the transmission mechanism, and the driving force of the testing machine can be accurately transmitted. For example, the moving beam of the testing machine drives the dynamic support body 1 and the lower part of the workpiece to move synchronously through the transmission mechanism, and forms a tensile force on the workpiece with the fixed static tensile component, ensuring that the load is transferred smoothly and without deviation in a low temperature environment of -50°C to room temperature, which meets the requirements of the document for accurate testing of mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elastic modulus of materials, and avoids test data errors caused by unstable driving force transmission.

[0031] In some embodiments, the static stretching assembly includes: a static stretching rod 3 and a first connector 4, the first end (upper end) of the static stretching rod 3 is connected to the sensor of the testing machine; the first connector 4 is arranged at the second end (lower end) of the static stretching rod 3 and is located in the cavity, and the first connector 4 is detachably connected to the first end (upper end) of the workpiece, which can be a threaded connection.

[0032] In this arrangement, the first end of the static stretching rod 3 is directly connected to the sensor of the testing machine, forming a stable force transmission path. During the stretching process, the tensile force on the workpiece is directly fed back to the sensor through the first connector 4 and the static stretching rod 3. Combined with the document's requirements for accurate testing of material mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elastic modulus at low temperatures of -50°C, this structure can ensure that the force data truly reflects the stress state of the material in a low-temperature environment, providing an accurate basis for evaluating the low-temperature reliability of hydrogen engine materials; the first connector 4 is located in the cavity of the dynamic support body 1 and is detachably connected to the first end of the workpiece, and can be adapted to rods or plate workpieces of different sizes. It has high flexibility and can complete the testing of different specimens without replacing the entire set of static stretching components, thereby improving the versatility of the device and the installation efficiency.

[0033] At the same time, the first connector 4 is located in the cavity, which prevents the connection part from being exposed to the external environment of the sample cavity, reduces additional heat exchange paths, and further reduces heat leakage of the system.

[0034] Furthermore, it also includes a second connecting head 5, one end of the second connecting head 5 is detachably connected to the second end (lower end) of the workpiece, and the other end of the second connecting head 5 is connected to the second end (lower end) of the dynamic support body 1; the second connecting head 5 serves as a transition component between the workpiece and the dynamic support body 1, and can adopt low-temperature steel that matches the material of the workpiece to avoid loose connection or stress concentration caused by differences in thermal expansion coefficients of materials at low temperatures. At the same time, its detachable structure facilitates rapid completion of workpiece fixation, such as tightening by nuts, reducing operational difficulties caused by low temperatures in traditional multi-component assembly, ensuring stable force transmission during stretching, and avoiding the impact of connection failure on test data accuracy.

[0035] With such an arrangement, the second connecting head 5 can be replaced according to the different specifications of the rod or plate workpiece. During the test, it is only necessary to connect the second end of the workpiece to the second connecting head 5, and then fix the second connecting head 5 to the dynamic support body 1. This reduces the number of parts disassembly and assembly, and there is no need to modify the dynamic support body 1. Especially in low temperature environments, it can shorten the sample replacement time, reduce the operating difficulty of the test personnel, and expand the compatibility of the device with tests of different types and sizes, meeting the diverse test needs under hydrogen or non-hydrogen conditions in the temperature range of -50°C to room temperature.

[0036] Preferably, the second connector 5 and the first connector 4 are coaxially connected from both ends of the workpiece, respectively, and the axial movement design of the dynamic support body 1 is combined to ensure that the tensile force is transmitted along the axial direction of the workpiece.

[0037] In this embodiment, a first through-hole 11 is provided at the first end of the dynamic support body 1 for passage of the static stretch rod 3 ; a second through-hole 12 is provided at the second end of the dynamic support body 1 , which is adapted to mate with the second connector 5 . The size of the first through-hole 11 can be designed based on the specifications of the static stretch rod 3 to accommodate static stretch rods 3 of varying diameters. The adaptability of the second through-hole 12 to the second connector 5 allows for adaption to rods or plates of varying sizes by replacing second connectors 5 of varying specifications.

[0038] Furthermore, the second through hole 12 is a combination of a circular hole and a rectangular hole. This flexible through hole design expands the test compatibility of the device for different specimens and can be adapted to rod or plate workpieces.

[0039] It should be noted that the axis of the first through hole 11 is consistent with the axial direction of the dynamic support body 1, ensuring that the static stretching rod 3 remains coaxial with the dynamic support body 1 when passing through.

[0040] In this arrangement, the first through hole 11 at the first end of the dynamic support body 1 is for the static stretching rod 3 to pass through, so that the static stretching rod 3 can extend into the cavity of the dynamic support body 1 and connect with the workpiece, and when the dynamic support body 1 drives the workpiece to move, the static stretching rod 3 is kept fixed to the first end of the workpiece; the adaptive design of the second through hole 12 and the second connecting head 5 also ensures the axial connection of the lower end of the workpiece. The two work together to transmit the tensile force on the workpiece in the axial direction during the stretching process, accurately reflecting the true mechanical properties of the material at low temperatures.

[0041] The first through hole 11 and the static stretching rod 3 can be designed to fit tightly together, reducing the gas convection channel inside and outside the low-temperature sample chamber 2 and reducing heat leakage; the adaptive connection between the second through hole 12 and the second connector 5, such as threaded fit, reduces the connection gap, avoids the leakage of low-temperature medium or hydrogen molecules, and at the same time reduces heat conduction through the connection part. Combined with the low thermal conductivity characteristics of the titanium alloy of the dynamic support body 1, the low heat leakage performance of the system is further enhanced.

[0042] In this embodiment, the dynamic support body 1 is cylindrical, with an outer diameter ranging from 50 mm to 200 mm and a side wall thickness ranging from 5 mm to 10 mm.

[0043] With this setup, the specific dimensions are adjusted according to the material type and strength of the test sample. A small outer diameter, such as 50mm, can accommodate small specimens, reducing the space occupied by the sample chamber. A large outer diameter, such as 200mm, can accommodate large plates or bars, ensuring both test compatibility and compatibility. Furthermore, the dynamic support body within this outer diameter range can be matched to the load requirements through a reasonable wall thickness. For example, when testing high-strength materials, a larger outer diameter, such as 200mm, and a wall thickness of 10mm can be selected to ensure that the strength of the support device meets the test safety requirements. At the same time, the compact cylindrical structure avoids space waste. Compared with traditional multi-component support devices, the sample chamber corresponding to the same size workpiece is smaller, thereby reducing the overall mass of the low-temperature constant temperature container (sample chamber and vacuum chamber), meeting the compact design goal and improving operational convenience.

[0044] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes: a dynamic support tube 6, a crossbeam fixing plate 7 and a plurality of connecting rods 8. The first end of the dynamic support tube 6 is connected to the end plate of the low-temperature sample chamber 2, and the second end of the dynamic support tube 6 is fixedly connected to the first through hole 11, which can be a coaxial threaded connection to ensure the stable movement of the dynamic support body 1 during dynamic stretching and prevent the workpiece from accidentally falling off. The static stretching rod 3 is passed through the dynamic support tube 6 to form a nested structure, which reduces the radial space occupied and provides a guide for the movement of the dynamic support tube 6 to ensure the stability of the axial movement; the crossbeam fixing plate 7 is connected to the moving beam of the testing machine; a plurality of connecting rods 8 are evenly distributed around the dynamic support tube 6, and the two ends of each connecting rod 8 are respectively connected to the end plate and the crossbeam fixing plate 7 of the low-temperature sample chamber 2; this design enables the transmission mechanism and the dynamic support body 1 and the static stretching assembly to form an integrated compact structure, and workpieces of the same size can occupy a smaller low-temperature sample chamber 2 space, thereby reducing the volume and mass of the low-temperature constant temperature container.

[0045] In this arrangement, the first end of the dynamic support tube 6 is connected to the end plate of the low-temperature sample chamber 2, and the second end is connected to the first through hole 11 of the dynamic support body 1. A plurality of connecting rods 8 are evenly distributed around the dynamic support tube 6, and the two ends are respectively connected to the sample chamber end plate and the crossbeam fixing plate 7, forming a stable force-bearing support frame to prevent the connecting rod 8 or the dynamic support tube 6 from breaking due to fatigue failure; this design enables the driving force of the testing machine's moving beam to be smoothly transmitted to the dynamic support body 1 through the crossbeam fixing plate 7, the connecting rod 8, and the dynamic support tube 6, ensuring uniform distribution of force during the stretching process, avoiding deformation of the device due to unbalanced load, and accurately reflecting the axial tensile performance of the workpiece at low temperature, meeting the precise testing requirements for material parameters such as tensile strength and elastic modulus.

[0046] The present invention provides a low-temperature, low-heat leakage tensile testing device, which can reduce the heat leakage of the low-temperature sample cavity 2. The static tensile rod 3 is arranged in the dynamic support tube 6, which reduces the direct contact area with the external environment and reduces the heat conduction through the static tensile rod 3. At the same time, the evenly distributed connecting rod 8 is made of low-temperature steel. Its stability at low temperatures can reduce the sealing gap caused by material shrinkage, further suppressing heat leakage. Combined with the low thermal conductivity of the titanium alloy of the dynamic support body 1, it can efficiently maintain a low-temperature environment of -50°C, thereby improving the temperature stability of the test environment.

[0047] In this embodiment, the dynamic support body 1 and the dynamic support tube 6 are made of titanium alloy with high yield strength, and the remaining parts are made of low-temperature steel.

[0048] Preferably, a dynamic seal 9 is provided at the movable connection between the dynamic support tube 6 and the static stretching rod 3 .

[0049] In this way, the dynamic seal 9 can effectively avoid the formation of a gap between the dynamic support tube 6 and the static stretching rod 3, prevent the cold in the low-temperature sample cavity 2 from leaking to the outside through the gap, and at the same time prevent external heat from invading the low-temperature environment. Combined with the design of the dynamic support tube 6 and the dynamic support body 1 using titanium alloy, the system heat leakage is further reduced, which meets the low heat leakage design goal, enables the sample to reach and maintain the target test temperature more quickly, and improves the accuracy of the low-temperature mechanical properties test.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; and direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0051] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "mode", "specific mode", or "some modes" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or mode are included in at least one embodiment or mode of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or mode. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or modes in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or modes and features of different embodiments or modes described in this specification without contradiction.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low temperature and low heat leakage tensile testing device, characterized in that: include: a static stretching assembly for securing a first end of the workpiece; The dynamic support body (1) is integrally formed and provided with a cavity, the cavity being used to accommodate the workpiece, and the side wall of the cavity being configured to be hollow; the first end of the dynamic support body (1) is movably connected to the static stretching assembly, and the second end thereof is connected to the second end of the workpiece, and is used to drive the second end of the workpiece to move along its axial direction.

2. A low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a low-temperature sample cavity (2), in which the dynamic support body (1) is arranged.

3. A low temperature and low heat leakage tensile testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a transmission mechanism connecting the dynamic support body (1) and the testing machine, and the transmission mechanism is used to drive the dynamic support body (1) to move the workpiece.

4. A low temperature and low heat leakage tensile testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The static stretching assembly comprises: A static stretching rod (3), wherein a first end of the static stretching rod (3) is connected to a sensor of a testing machine; A first connecting head (4) is provided at the second end of the static stretching rod (3) and is located in the cavity. The first connecting head (4) is detachably connected to the first end of the workpiece.

5. The low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A second connecting head (5), one end of the second connecting head (5) is detachably connected to the second end of the workpiece, and the other end of the second connecting head (5) is connected to the second end of the dynamic support body (1).

6. The low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first end of the dynamic support body (1) is provided with a first through hole (11) for the static stretching rod (3) to pass through; the second end of the dynamic support body (1) is provided with a second through hole (12), and the second through hole (12) is adapted to the second connector (5).

7. A low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The dynamic support body (1) is cylindrical, with an outer diameter between 50 mm and 200 mm and a wall thickness between 5 mm and 10 mm.

8. The low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises: A dynamic support tube (6), wherein a first end of the dynamic support tube (6) is connected to an end plate of the low-temperature sample chamber (2), a second end of the dynamic support tube (6) is connected to the first through hole (11), and the static stretching rod (3) is passed through the dynamic support tube (6); A crossbeam fixing plate (7) connected to the moving beam of the testing machine; A plurality of connecting rods (8) are evenly distributed around the dynamic support tube (6), and both ends of each connecting rod (8) are respectively connected to the end plate of the low-temperature sample chamber (2) and the crossbeam fixing plate (7).

9. The low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A dynamic seal (9) is provided at the movable connection between the dynamic support tube (6) and the static stretching rod (3).

10. The low-temperature and low-heat-leakage tensile testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second through hole (12) is a combined structure of a circular hole and a rectangular hole.

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