Hot-line work complete set tool and detection method for oxidation degree of wire clamp

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of power equipment maintenance, in particular to a hot-line work complete tool and a wire clamp oxidation degree detection method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring contact resistance original data and environment temperature data of a wire clamp in hot-line work; eliminating wire resistance interference by adopting a four-wire method, and calculating an original contact resistance value of the wire clamp; based on a copper material temperature coefficient and an oxide layer influence coefficient, performing temperature compensation correction on the original resistance value to obtain an actual contact resistance value; and according to the actual contact resistance value and the wear trend, the oxidation grade of the wire clamp is dynamically judged, and a maintenance threshold value is adjusted. After the contact resistance original data and the environment temperature data of the wire clamp are obtained, the wire resistance interference is eliminated through the four-wire method, the original contact resistance value of the wire clamp is preliminarily calculated, then the actual contact resistance value is obtained by conducting temperature compensation correction on the original resistance value, and therefore the abrasion resistance of the wire clamp is calculated according to the actual contact resistance value and the abrasion trend. And dynamically judging the oxidation grade of the wire clamp and adjusting the maintenance threshold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power equipment maintenance, in particular to a set of tools for live working and a method for detecting oxidation degree of a wire clamp. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, live maintenance work at substations is a key link in ensuring the stable operation of the power grid. With the development of smart grid technology, maintenance robots are gradually being used in live operation scenarios to replace manual labor to complete high-risk operations.

[0003] Existing maintenance robots usually have basic movement and image acquisition functions, and are equipped with different working tools, such as equipotential detection devices, short-circuit bonding tools, equipment maintenance tools, etc., to perform live maintenance work in substations.

[0004] To prevent surface oxidation of the wire clamp during short-circuit bonding, which could lead to deviations in actual performance parameters measured during short-circuit bonding and affect the true circuit state, existing techniques primarily determine the degree of clamp oxidation by measuring contact resistance. Conventional methods employ a two-wire method to directly measure the resistance between the clamp and the conductor. This method not only fails to eliminate interference from the conductor's own resistance but also directly uses a fixed resistance threshold to categorize oxidation levels.

[0005] In addition, existing methods for determining the degree of oxidation on the wire clamp surface do not consider the temperature sensitivity of the wire clamp's copper material, resulting in significant temperature interference in the test results. At the same time, existing technologies do not record the historical wear data of the wire clamp, and cannot distinguish between natural oxidation and abnormal wear, and lack dynamic adaptability to maintenance strategies for the wire clamp surface. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a facility that can protect the wire clamp and reduce the degree of oxidation on the wire clamp surface when the wire clamp is idle.

[0007] The above technical problems are solved by the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a set of tools for live working, including:

[0008] A support assembly for carrying a tool and adjusting the working height, and a rotating assembly provided on the circumferential side of the end of the support assembly close to the tool;

[0009] The rotating assembly includes a mounting frame with ends arranged at equal angles and intervals, a support member arranged on the top of the mounting frame, a wire clamp arranged on the top of the support member and used to connect the wires, a protective member arranged on the outer wall of the support member, and a detection module arranged at an end of the mounting frame away from the support member; the detection module is used to measure the contact resistance of the wire clamp and perform temperature compensation correction to determine the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp;

[0010] The support member includes a connecting rod, a mounting post arranged on the top of the connecting rod, a slide groove arranged on the outer wall of the mounting post, a roller arranged on the inner wall of the slide groove, an inclined groove arranged on one end of the slide groove close to the roller, and an arc groove connected to the inclined groove;

[0011] The protective member includes a connecting shell, a notch arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shell, and a sliding block arranged on the inner wall of the connecting shell.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the live working tool set of the present invention, the support assembly includes a chassis, an extension arm arranged above the chassis, and a telescopic arm arranged at one end of the extension arm away from the chassis.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the live working tool set of the present invention: a grinding wheel is installed at one end of the mounting frame away from the support member and the detection module, and the mounting frame is connected to one end of the telescopic arm away from the extension arm.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the live working tool set of the present invention, the inner wall of the connecting shell is slidably connected to the outer wall of the mounting column, and the outer wall of the sliding block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention realizes automatic protection and operation avoidance of the wire clamp through the gravity-driven connecting shell and roller coupling structure, and can complete the wrapping and locking of the wire clamp when idle and the vibration release when in use without additional power, which can well protect the wire clamp without affecting the use of the wire clamp.

[0016] The technical problem that the present invention also aims to solve is: to provide a set of tools and equipment for live working and a method for detecting the oxidation degree of wire clamps, so as to solve the problems that the existing wire clamp oxidation detection does not eliminate the interference of wire resistance and does not compensate for the temperature influence, resulting in misjudgment and missed detection; the fixed threshold cannot distinguish the wear type and the maintenance strategy lacks dynamic adaptability.

[0017] The above technical problem is solved by the following technical solution: The present invention provides a method for detecting the oxidation degree of a wire clamp, which comprises obtaining a wire clamp resistance dataset and an ambient temperature dataset during live operation to determine that temperature is an influencing factor of the measured resistance of the wire clamp;

[0018] The four-wire method is used to measure the contact resistance between the clamp and the conductor, and the original contact resistance value is calculated to eliminate the interference of the conductor resistance.

[0019] Obtaining the resistance temperature coefficient of the clamp material and the real-time temperature data of the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor, performing temperature compensation correction on the original contact resistance value to obtain the actual contact resistance value;

[0020] The actual contact resistance value is compared with various preset thresholds of the oxidation level of the wire clamp to determine the oxidation level and degree of oxidation to which the wire clamp belongs.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the method for detecting the degree of oxidation of a wire clamp of the present invention, the method of measuring the contact resistance between the wire clamp and the conductor using a four-wire method and calculating the original contact resistance value after eliminating interference from the conductor resistance comprises the following steps:

[0022] The voltage drop across the clamp is measured through an independent current loop;

[0023] The test current is measured through an independent voltage measurement circuit;

[0024] The original contact resistance value is obtained by calculation based on the ratio of the voltage drop to the test current.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the wire clamp oxidation degree detection method described in the present invention: the temperature compensation correction of the original contact resistance value is realized through the calculation process of the temperature compensation correction formula, and the specific calculation parameters of the temperature compensation correction formula include the resistance temperature coefficient of the wire clamp material, the difference between the real-time temperature data of the contact surface between the wire clamp and the conductor and the reference temperature, and the influence parameters of the oxide layer on the contact resistance.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the method for detecting the degree of oxidation of a wire clamp according to the present invention, the temperature compensation correction formula is: ;

[0027] in, Indicates the original contact resistance value; T indicates the real-time temperature of the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor; It represents the reference temperature, which is a pre-set base temperature under standard working conditions and is used to calculate the effect of the difference between the real-time temperature and the base temperature on the resistance; α represents the temperature coefficient of the clamp material; represents the oxide layer influence coefficient; Indicates the thickness of the oxide layer; Indicates the actual contact resistance value after temperature compensation and correction for the influence of the oxide layer. It is used to more accurately determine the oxidation degree of the wire clamp and reflect the true resistance characteristics of the wire clamp at the current temperature and oxidation state.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the method for detecting the oxidation degree of a wire clamp of the present invention, the oxidation level of the wire clamp includes three levels: light oxidation, moderate oxidation and heavy oxidation.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the method for detecting the oxidation degree of a wire clamp of the present invention, the oxidation level of the wire clamp further includes recording historical resistance data, operation type, and temperature data of the wire clamp, calculating the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp, and dynamically adjusting various preset thresholds of the oxidation level of the wire clamp;

[0030] Based on the low wear rate, the starting threshold of the mild oxidation level is adjusted upward to reduce the false alarm rate caused by natural oxidation fluctuations;

[0031] Based on the medium wear rate, the starting threshold of the moderate oxidation level is lowered to trigger the maintenance process in advance to address the risk of accelerated oxidation caused by environmental factors;

[0032] Based on the high wear rate, the starting threshold of the severe oxidation level is lowered, and the wire clamp replacement warning is triggered simultaneously to prevent sudden failure of the wire clamp due to arc ablation.

[0033] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that after obtaining the original contact resistance data and ambient temperature data of the wire clamp, the present invention eliminates the interference of the wire resistance through the four-wire method to preliminarily calculate the original contact resistance value of the wire clamp, and then obtains the actual contact resistance value by temperature compensation correction of the original resistance value, thereby dynamically determining the oxidation level of the wire clamp and adjusting the maintenance threshold according to the actual contact resistance value and wear trend. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Among them:

[0035] Figure 1 The figure shows the overall structure of a complete set of tools for live working according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 shows a structural diagram of the support assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 Shows a structural diagram of the rotating assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 Shows a structural diagram of the support member of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 Shows a structural diagram of some components of the support member of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A structural diagram showing the rear view angle of the protective element of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the protective member of the present invention after being connected to the support member is shown.

[0042] In the figure: 100, support assembly; 101, chassis; 102, extension arm; 103, telescopic arm; 200, rotation assembly; 201, mounting frame; 202, support member; 202-1, connecting rod; 202-2, mounting column; 202-3, slide groove; 202-4, roller; 202-5, inclined groove; 202-6, arc groove; 203, wire clamp; 204, protective member; 204-1, connecting shell; 204-2, notch; 204-3, sliding block; 205, detection module; 206, grinding wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0044] The terms used in the present invention are those commonly used in the art in view of the functions of the present invention, but these terms may vary according to the intentions of those skilled in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms may be selected by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the present invention. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but rather as the meanings of the terms and the overall description of the present invention.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 7 , as one embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for detecting the oxidation degree of a wire clamp, comprising:

[0046] S100: Obtaining a wire clamp resistance dataset and an ambient temperature dataset during live working to determine that temperature is an influencing factor of the measured wire clamp resistance;

[0047] S200: Use the four-wire method to measure the contact resistance between the clamp and the conductor, and calculate the original contact resistance value after eliminating the interference of the conductor resistance.

[0048] S300: Obtain the resistance temperature coefficient of the clamp material and the real-time temperature data of the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor, perform temperature compensation correction on the original contact resistance value, and obtain the actual contact resistance value;

[0049] S400: Compare the actual contact resistance value with various preset thresholds of the oxidation level of the wire clamp to determine the oxidation level and degree of oxidation of the wire clamp.

[0050] It should be noted that during live maintenance work at substations, wire clamps are usually made of gold-plated phosphor bronze, and the corresponding resistance temperature coefficient of this material is 0.00393 / °C. In order to clarify the impact of temperature on the wire clamp resistance measurement results, the control variable method was used to verify the results, excluding other environmental interference factors. In the experiment, the humidity and dust concentration were kept stable, and it was ensured that the wire clamp was not deformed by external forces. The humidity was kept stable at , dust concentration Under these conditions, the measured resistance value fluctuates by approximately 4% for every 10°C change in ambient temperature, which can be quantified using the resistance-temperature characteristic formula: ;

[0051] in, represents the change in resistance, represents the initial resistance of the clamp, represents the temperature change, Indicates the temperature coefficient of resistance of the conductor material.

[0052] Substitute the resistance temperature coefficient of phosphor bronze gold-plated material to make =0.00393 / ℃, when =10℃, the theoretical resistance change ratio is: ;

[0053] The theoretical calculation results of the resistance-temperature characteristic formula closely match the "approximately 4% fluctuation in measured resistance" observed in the controlled variable test. This indicates that, after eliminating interference from humidity, dust, and mechanical stress, temperature is the core factor causing the fluctuation in measured resistance. Therefore, in actual maintenance operations, if temperature effects are not compensated, the results of wire clamp oxidation tests will be significantly affected by temperature.

[0054] It should be noted that, since the prior art uses a two-wire method to directly measure the contact resistance between the wire clamp and the conductor, it not only fails to effectively eliminate the interference of the conductor body resistance, resulting in inaccurate measured contact resistance values ​​and affecting the judgment of the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp, but also fails to compensate for the resistance change caused by temperature, resulting in the measurement results being significantly affected by temperature fluctuations. Therefore, this embodiment first uses the four-wire method in steps S100-S400 to measure the contact resistance value of the wire clamp to eliminate the interference of the conductor body resistance and obtain the original contact resistance value of the wire clamp affected by temperature; secondly, based on the known resistance temperature coefficient of the conductor material (for example, the resistance temperature coefficient of phosphor bronze plated with gold is 0.00393 / °C), the measured original contact resistance value of the wire clamp is temperature compensated to obtain the actual contact resistance value of the wire clamp under standard conditions. The actual oxidation degree of the wire clamp is further judged by the actual contact resistance value of the wire clamp, thereby determining whether the wire clamp requires maintenance due to oxidation.

[0055] It should be noted that the working principle of the four-wire method for measuring the contact resistance of the wire clamp is to separate the "current loop" and the "voltage measurement loop" from each other, and pass a constant test current into the wire clamp through two current leads. At the same time, two other independent voltage leads are used to accurately measure the voltage drop at both ends of the wire clamp. Since the current flowing through the voltage measurement loop is extremely small, the voltage drop generated by the current flowing through the voltage measurement loop in the wire can be ignored, thereby effectively avoiding the interference of the wire body resistance on the measurement result. Based on the four-wire measurement method, the original contact resistance value of the wire clamp is calculated by the calculation formula to eliminate the influence of the wire body resistance on the measurement result; the calculation formula is expressed as:

[0056] ;in, Indicates the original contact resistance value of the clamp excluding the influence of the conductor body resistance; It represents the voltage drop across the clamp measured by the voltage measurement circuit; I represents the test current flowing into the current loop.

[0057] As an optional embodiment, this embodiment describes the details of a method for detecting the oxidation degree of a wire clamp.

[0058] The four-wire method is used to measure the contact resistance between the clamp and the conductor, and the original contact resistance value is calculated to eliminate the interference of the conductor resistance. The following steps are included:

[0059] The voltage drop across the clamp is measured through an independent current loop;

[0060] The test current is measured through an independent voltage measurement circuit;

[0061] The original contact resistance value is calculated based on the ratio of voltage drop to test current.

[0062] It should be noted that the four-wire method in this embodiment adopts the Kelvin four-wire method principle. Through an independent constant current source circuit and a high-impedance voltage measurement circuit, it can completely eliminate the interference of the wire body resistance and contact impedance on the wire clamp contact resistance measurement result.

[0063] The calculation formula is: ;

[0064] V represents the actual voltage drop at the contact surface between the wire clamp and the conductor. The value range of V is 0.001V to 0.1V. The specific value of V is measured by an independent voltage measurement circuit and only reflects the actual voltage change at the contact surface between the wire clamp and the conductor. I represents the stable test current output by the constant current source circuit. The industry-standard test current is 1A. Indicates the original contact resistance value of the clamp excluding the influence of the conductor body resistance and contact impedance. It is calculated based on the ratio between the actual voltage drop (V) between the contact surface of the wire clamp and the wire and the stable test current (I) output by the constant current source circuit.

[0065] Furthermore, the temperature compensation correction of the original contact resistance value is achieved through the calculation process of the temperature compensation correction formula. The specific calculation parameters of the temperature compensation correction formula include the resistance temperature coefficient of the wire clamp material, the difference between the real-time temperature data of the contact surface between the wire clamp and the wire and the reference temperature, and the influence parameters of the oxide layer on the contact resistance.

[0066] It should be noted that in order to eliminate the temperature interference of the original contact resistance, a temperature compensation formula is required.

[0067] Furthermore, the temperature compensation correction formula is: ;

[0068] in, Indicates the original contact resistance value; T indicates the real-time temperature of the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor; It represents the reference temperature, which is a pre-set base temperature under standard working conditions and is used to calculate the effect of the difference between the real-time temperature and the base temperature on the resistance; α represents the temperature coefficient of the clamp material; represents the oxide layer influence coefficient; Indicates the thickness of the oxide layer; Indicates the actual contact resistance value after temperature compensation and correction for the influence of the oxide layer. It is used to more accurately determine the oxidation degree of the wire clamp and reflect the true resistance characteristics of the wire clamp at the current temperature and oxidation state.

[0069] It should be noted that the oxide layer influence coefficient (K) is determined experimentally. Specifically, an accelerated oxidation experiment is conducted on a phosphor bronze gold-plated wire clip in a constant temperature and humidity laboratory (temperature 20±1°C, humidity 50±5%RH). The oxide layer thickness (d) at different oxidation stages is measured using a laser confocal microscope. At the same time, the contact resistance increment (d) corresponding to the oxide layer thickness is measured using a four-wire method. ), based on the linear relationship between oxide thickness and resistance increment The K value is obtained by fitting calculation. Experimental data show that the K value of phosphor bronze gold-plated oxide layer (mainly Cu2O) is (This value is related to the conductivity of the oxide layer material and the contact area of ​​the wire clamp, and is an inherent parameter of a specific material).

[0070] Among them, K is used to quantify the contribution of oxide layer thickness to contact resistance. The increase in contact resistance of the wire clamp is mainly due to the oxide layer (the oxide layer is a poor conductor, the thicker it is, the greater the resistance). " is specifically used to calculate the resistance increment caused by the oxide layer to ensure the actual contact resistance value ( ) only reflects the degree of oxidation (interferences such as temperature and wire resistance have been eliminated) and is the core basis for determining the oxidation grade.

[0071] It should be noted that the reference temperature ( The standard operating conditions for cable clamps are a constant temperature and humidity laboratory environment. Specific parameters include: temperature of 20±1°C, relative humidity of 50±5%RH, no dust contamination (dust concentration <0.1mg / m³), and no external deformation between the clamp and the conductor (stable contact pressure). This operating condition is achieved through strict laboratory control and serves as the benchmark environment for cable clamp performance testing.

[0072] This is not a temperature at which "no resistance interference occurs" (the temperature effect on resistance is a physical property and cannot be eliminated). Rather, it is a "reference point" used to unify the resistance measurement benchmark. The core function is to convert the original resistance value ( ) converted to the same temperature reference ( ), eliminating the effects of temperature fluctuations on resistance (such as the natural increase in resistance at high temperatures and the natural decrease at low temperatures), so that the corrected resistance value is determined solely by the oxide layer thickness. For example, if the actual measurement temperature is 30°C, "T0 = 20°C" can be used to calculate the "resistance deviation caused by the temperature difference between 30°C and 20°C" and correct it to the "equivalent resistance value at 20°C," ensuring comparability of measurement results at different temperatures.

[0073] It should be noted that an ambient temperature sensor is used to measure the overall ambient temperature at the work site. A PT100 temperature sensor (accuracy of ±0.2°C) is installed on the surface of the wire clamp to obtain the actual working temperature of the wire clamp under different ambient temperatures in real time. An infrared non-contact sensor (accuracy of ±1°C) is used to measure the temperature of the wire connected to the wire clamp to monitor the temperature rise of the wire caused by the passage of current. The Kalman filter algorithm is used to fuse the data from the PT100 temperature sensor and the infrared non-contact sensor to eliminate the measurement error caused by local temperature differences, and the real-time temperature of the contact surface between the wire clamp and the wire is obtained. Combined with the calculation of the temperature compensation correction formula, the original contact resistance value is corrected to eliminate the influence of temperature on the resistance measurement results of the copper material (specifically phosphor bronze gold-plated material) wire clamp, and the actual contact resistance value that only reflects the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp is obtained. The actual contact resistance value is used to judge the actual degree of oxidation of the wire clamp, and thus determine whether the wire clamp requires maintenance due to oxidation.

[0074] It should also be noted that the PT100 temperature sensor (accuracy ±0.2°C) is installed in the core area where the wire clamp contacts the wire, such as near the fitting surface where the wire clamp and the wire are crimped. During installation, the probe of the PT100 temperature sensor (accuracy ±0.2°C) is fixed with high-temperature resistant adhesive to ensure close contact between the probe and the surface of the wire clamp.

[0075] It should also be noted that the infrared non-contact sensor is mounted on the mounting bracket 201 by means of bolts. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the sensor lens is vertically aligned with the contact area between the wire clamp and the wire.

[0076] It should also be noted that the Kalman filter algorithm is an "intelligent averaging and automatic weighting" algorithm used to fuse the temperature data of two sensors and eliminate local temperature difference interference.

[0077] It should also be noted that the thickness of the oxide layer is measured by laser confocal technology in the detection module.

[0078] Preferably, the original contact resistance value of "temperature interference has not been eliminated, but the interference of the wire body resistance has been eliminated" is calculated based on the four-wire measurement method; then the real-time temperature data after the contact surface of the wire clamp and the wire is fused and the resistance temperature coefficient of the wire clamp material is combined to obtain the original contact resistance value of the wire clamp. Perform temperature compensation correction to obtain the actual contact resistance value.

[0079] Furthermore, the oxidation level of the wire clamp includes three levels: light oxidation, moderate oxidation and heavy oxidation.

[0080] Furthermore, the wire clamp oxidation degree detection method further includes recording historical resistance data, operation type, and temperature data of the wire clamp, calculating the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp, and dynamically adjusting various preset thresholds of the wire clamp oxidation level;

[0081] Based on the low wear rate, the starting threshold of the mild oxidation level is adjusted upward to reduce the false alarm rate caused by natural oxidation fluctuations;

[0082] Based on the medium wear rate, the starting threshold of the moderate oxidation level is lowered to trigger the maintenance process in advance to address the risk of accelerated oxidation caused by environmental factors;

[0083] Based on the high wear rate, the starting threshold of the severe oxidation level is lowered, and the wire clamp replacement warning is triggered simultaneously to prevent sudden failure of the wire clamp due to arc ablation.

[0084] In a constant temperature and humidity laboratory (temperature 20±1°C, humidity 50±5%RH), an accelerated oxidation test was conducted on a gold-plated wire clip made of phosphor bronze (conductivity 22% IACS). The steps are as follows:

[0085] In the initial state, the contact resistance of the clamp is 28 μΩ and the oxide layer thickness is less than 1 μm;

[0086] When the oxidation time is three days, the thickness of the oxide layer is 5-8μm, the measured contact resistance is 52-58μΩ, and the surface of the wire clamp is slightly discolored;

[0087] When the oxidation time is seven days, the thickness of the oxide layer is 12-15μm, the measured contact resistance is 95-105μΩ, and an obvious oxide film appears on the surface of the wire clamp;

[0088] When the oxidation time is fifteen days, the thickness of the oxide layer is 40-50μm, the measured contact resistance is 180-200μΩ, and the surface color of the wire clamp turns dark brown;

[0089] When the oxidation time is twenty days, the thickness of the oxide layer is greater than 50μm, the measured contact resistance is greater than 200μΩ, and the surface of the wire clamp is rough and peeling.

[0090] Based on the above experimental data, the number of oxidation levels of the wire clamp and the initial judgment threshold of each oxidation level are clarified:

[0091] When the contact resistance between the clamp and the conductor is 50 μΩ, the clamp begins to show slight oxidation;

[0092] When the contact resistance between the clamp and the conductor is 100 μΩ, the clamp begins to show moderate oxidation;

[0093] When the contact resistance between the clamp and the conductor is 200 μΩ, the clamp begins to be severely oxidized.

[0094] Therefore, in this embodiment, when judging the actual oxidation degree of the clamp based on the actual contact resistance value, the following conditions can be used for judgment:

[0095] When the actual contact resistance value is 50μΩ≤<100μΩ, the surface of the wire clamp will be slightly discolored and the oxidation level of the wire clamp is slightly oxidized;

[0096] When the actual contact resistance value is 100μΩ≤<200μΩ, an obvious oxide film appears on the surface of the wire clamp, and the oxidation level of the wire clamp is moderate oxidation;

[0097] When the actual contact resistance value is ≥200μΩ, the surface of the wire clamp is rough and peeling, and the wire clamp needs to be replaced. The oxidation level of the wire clamp is severely oxidized.

[0098] Furthermore, the historical resistance data, operation type and temperature data of the wire clamp are recorded, and after calculating the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp, the preset thresholds of the wire clamp oxidation level are dynamically adjusted;

[0099] Based on the low wear rate, the starting threshold of the mild oxidation level is adjusted upward to reduce the false alarm rate caused by natural oxidation fluctuations;

[0100] Based on the medium wear rate, the starting threshold of the moderate oxidation level is lowered to trigger the maintenance process in advance to address the risk of accelerated oxidation caused by environmental factors;

[0101] Based on the high wear rate, the starting threshold of the severe oxidation level is lowered, and the wire clamp replacement warning is triggered simultaneously to prevent sudden failure of the wire clamp due to arc ablation.

[0102] It should be noted that since the fixed threshold value of the wire clamp oxidation level does not take into account the personalized wear characteristics of the wire clamp under different usage frequencies, operation types and temperature environments, in this embodiment, on the basis of judging the wire clamp oxidation level based on the actual contact resistance value (the temperature effect has been eliminated), it is necessary to further combine the historical wear trend of the wire clamp to comprehensively evaluate whether the wire clamp has reached a state requiring maintenance or replacement due to oxidation.

[0103] The specific judgment method is as follows:

[0104] After each operation, record the actual contact resistance value of the clamp (temperature compensated), operation type (such as the number of short circuit overlaps) and ambient temperature data;

[0105] When a new clamp is used for the first time, record the initial contact resistance value as a reference for the non-oxidized state;

[0106] After each subsequent operation, the correspondence between the number of operations and the actual contact resistance value is updated to form a wear trend sequence of the wire clamp;

[0107] Call the wear trend sequence of the wire clamp and calculate the single operation increase of the actual contact resistance value of the wire clamp (that is, the difference between the actual contact resistance values ​​of two adjacent operations);

[0108] Based on the increase in the actual contact resistance value of the wire clamp during a single operation, the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp during multiple operations is calculated; the calculation formula for the oxidation wear rate is: ;

[0109] in, represents the oxidation wear rate; represents the actual contact resistance value after the i-th operation (after compensating for the influence of temperature and oxide layer); n represents the number of statistical operations (usually 5-10 times, balancing stability and timeliness); Indicates the After the first operation, the actual contact resistance value of the clamp is corrected for temperature compensation and oxide layer.

[0110] It should be noted that the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp is divided into three levels according to the increase in the actual contact resistance value in multiple consecutive operations: low-rate wear, medium-rate wear and high-rate wear.

[0111] Among them, if the actual contact resistance value increases slightly after each operation, it is a low-rate wear caused by normal slight oxidation; if the increase each time is between a low amplitude and a high amplitude, it is a medium-rate wear caused by accelerated oxidation; if the increase each time increases significantly and is higher than the maximum value of the low and high amplitude ranges, it is judged to be an increase far beyond the normal range, which is a high-rate wear caused by abnormal conditions such as arc erosion.

[0112] Low amplitude means that the resistance increase in a single operation is ≤ the maximum increase in natural oxidation, that is, the "natural upper limit" of resistance growth when the wire clamp has no abnormal working conditions; high amplitude means that the resistance increase in a single operation is ≥ the minimum increase in abnormal working conditions, that is, the "abnormal lower limit" of the wire clamp's resistance sudden change due to abnormalities such as arcing and heavy load.

[0113] For example, when the range from low amplitude to high amplitude is [5μΩ, 15μΩ]: when the resistance increase of a single operation is lower than 5μΩ, the resistance increase of this operation is a low amplitude increase; when the resistance increase of a single operation is higher than 15μΩ, the resistance increase of this operation is a high amplitude increase.

[0114] For example, the wear rate classification standard is established as follows (taking [5μΩ, 15μΩ] as an example):

[0115] When the resistance increase in a single operation is less than 5μΩ, the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp is low-rate wear, the wire clamp is in a normal slightly oxidized state, and the resistance growth is in line with the natural oxidation trend;

[0116] When the resistance increase in a single operation is between 5μΩ and 15μΩ, the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp is medium-rate wear. The wire clamp is affected by environmental factors and oxidation is accelerated, but it is still within a controllable range.

[0117] When the resistance increase in a single operation is greater than 15 μΩ, the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp is high-rate wear. The wire clamp has encountered abnormal conditions such as arc erosion and heavy load, resulting in a sharp increase in resistance. Immediate maintenance measures are required.

[0118] The oxidation level threshold will be dynamically and adaptively adjusted for different wear rates: when low-rate wear is judged for many consecutive times, the system will appropriately increase the oxidation level threshold (such as the starting judgment value for mild oxidation) based on historical data to avoid unnecessary warnings caused by normal mild wear fluctuations; when high-rate wear is detected, the system will appropriately lower the oxidation level threshold (such as the starting judgment value for severe oxidation) to prevent sudden failure of the wire clamp due to arc erosion.

[0119] It should be noted that the system automatically determines the "appropriate adjustment amount" through "historical data fitting + wear trend prediction". The core logic is: based on the "wear rate stability" of the wire clamp, dynamically correct the oxidation level threshold to balance the risk of misjudgment and the timeliness of warning.

[0120] The "appropriate adjustment amount" is determined by the following method:

[0121] Assume that the starting thresholds of the oxidation levels are (such as mild oxidation threshold 、 ), the adjustment amount is , the adjusted starting threshold .

[0122] Calculated by the following formula: ;

[0123] Where k is the risk factor (preset manually, such as k=0.1 at low wear rate and k=0.2 at medium wear rate); is the standard deviation of the historical wear rate (reflecting the degree of wear fluctuation, The smaller it is, the more stable the wear); It is the average value of historical wear rate (reflecting the current wear level of the clamp).

[0124] Among them, when it is judged as low-rate wear for 5 consecutive times ( <5 / times), the oxidation level threshold will be raised:

[0125] For example, when When , the adjustment amount is: ;

[0126] The adjusted threshold is then calculated: ;

[0127] For the convenience of calculation, the value greater than 50 is rounded to the integer, and the result is output as 55. , which makes operation and maintenance easier. At this time, the wire clamp oxidation is stable, and the system will increase the threshold to "tolerate" larger normal fluctuations (such as temperature compensation error and measurement noise) to avoid false triggering of early warnings due to small fluctuations.

[0128] When a high rate of wear is detected ( >15 / times), the oxidation level threshold will be lowered:

[0129] For example, when When: ;

[0130] The adjusted threshold is then calculated: ;

[0131] Similarly, the output value is simplified and the Simplify and round to 90 , which facilitates operation and maintenance. At this time, the oxidation of the wire clamp is accelerated, and lowering the threshold can "early" identify the risk of moderate oxidation.

[0132] Threshold adjustment example: At low speeds, the starting value for mild oxidation is adjusted from 50 μΩ to 55 μΩ; at high speeds, the starting value for moderate oxidation is adjusted from 100 μΩ to 90 μΩ. An adjustment range of approximately 10% is reasonable. This not only avoids standard failure caused by excessive adjustment, but also effectively distinguishes different wear risks. For example, relaxing the threshold by 5 μΩ at low wear rates can reduce false alarms, while tightening it by 10 μΩ at high wear rates can trigger maintenance in advance.

[0133] Temperature compensation eliminates resistance variations in the clamp material caused by ambient temperature fluctuations, such as artificially high resistance at high temperatures and artificially low resistance at low temperatures. The actual resistance value reflects only the contact resistance variation caused by the oxide layer on the clamp surface. This prevents a normal clamp in a high-temperature environment from being misidentified as oxidized and requiring maintenance simply because of a temperature-induced resistance increase, reducing tool waste caused by excessive maintenance. It also prevents an oxidized clamp in a low-temperature environment from being misidentified as normal due to temperature offsetting some of the resistance increase. This prevents the risk of short-circuit failures caused by delayed maintenance, such as when a thick oxide layer prevents rapid current discharge.

[0134] Table 1: Specific temperature compensation correction gradient

[0135] Refer to Table 1. Ambient temperature represents the ambient temperature during actual measurement, ranging from -10°C to 40°C, simulating the temperature range of wire clamp operation. Measured raw resistance represents the wire clamp resistance directly measured at different temperatures. Due to the influence of temperature on conductor resistance (metal resistance increases with temperature), the resistance increases with increasing temperature. The theoretical compensation value represents the temperature coefficient of the wire clamp material (for example, the temperature coefficient of copper is approximately 0.00393 / °C). Measured compensated resistance represents the resistance value obtained after temperature compensation (combining theoretical formulas with actual measurement error calibration) of the measured raw resistance. This value more closely reflects the actual resistance of the wire clamp under standard operating conditions at 20°C. The error rate represents the deviation between the measured compensated resistance and the theoretical compensation value, reflecting the accuracy of the temperature compensation correction method. A lower error rate indicates a more reliable compensation logic.

[0136] By comparing the measured and compensated data at different temperature points, the error rates were all at a low level (up to 0.65%), proving that the temperature compensation formula in this embodiment can effectively eliminate the interference of temperature on resistance measurement, ensuring that the resistance data obtained at different temperatures can be used to fairly determine the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp.

[0137] In summary, the present invention dynamically adjusts the oxidation level judgment threshold based on the resistance increase rate of the wire clamp during continuous operation. The system automatically increases the oxidation level threshold, such as adjusting the starting value of mild oxidation from 50μΩ to 55μΩ. The judgment criteria for low-rate wear wire clamps are relaxed, thereby reducing unnecessary tool replacement and maintenance frequency. Through wear rate trend analysis, the hidden dangers of accelerated oxidation can be identified in advance.

[0138] As an optional embodiment, a set of tools for live working is provided, including:

[0139] A support assembly 100 for carrying a tool and adjusting the working height, and a rotating assembly 200 provided on the circumferential side of the end of the support assembly 100 close to the tool;

[0140] The rotating assembly 200 includes a mounting frame 201 with ends arranged at equal angles and spacings, a support member 202 disposed on the top of the mounting frame 201, a wire clamp 203 disposed on the top of the support member 202 and used to connect the wires, a protective member 204 disposed on the outer wall of the support member 202, and a detection module 205 disposed at the end of the mounting frame 201 away from the support member 202; the detection module 205 is used to measure the contact resistance of the wire clamp 203 and perform temperature compensation correction to determine the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp 203; wherein;

[0141] The support member 202 includes a connecting rod 202-1, a mounting post 202-2 disposed on the top of the connecting rod 202-1, a slide 202-3 disposed on the outer wall of the mounting post 202-2, a roller 202-4 disposed on the inner wall of the slide 202-3, an inclined groove 202-5 disposed at one end of the slide 202-3 near the roller 202-4, and an arcuate groove 202-6 connected to the inclined groove 202-5.

[0142] The protection member 204 includes a connection shell 204 - 1 , a notch 204 - 2 provided on an outer wall of the connection shell 204 - 1 , and a sliding block 204 - 3 provided on an inner wall of the connection shell 204 - 1 .

[0143] The mounting frame 201 has three tool mounting positions at 120° intervals, which are used to carry the support 202, the detection module 205 and the grinding wheel 206 respectively. The mounting frame 201 adopts a triangular design and integrates a conductive slip ring (transmission current ≥10A, signal channels ≥8) to ensure continuous transmission of power and data during rotation.

[0144] It should be noted that mounting bracket 201 incorporates integrated conductive slip rings. The triangular, enclosed space allows for regular wiring, providing a stable installation environment for the slip rings. When mounting bracket 201 rotates (for example, to adjust the tool angle during operation), the slip rings utilize a design that separates the static and dynamic contacts. The static end connects to the external power supply and data receiver, while the rotating end rotates synchronously with mounting bracket 201. Continuous contact between the carbon brushes and the slip ring track ensures that power (≥10A to power the tool) and multi-channel signals (≥8 channels for coverage detection and data transmission) are not interrupted by the rotation. This synergy between the triangular structural support layout and the adaptive rotation of the conductive slip rings ensures continuous power and data transmission during rotation, supporting the stable operation of the tool assembly.

[0145] It should be noted that the cross-sectional outer contours of the connecting rod 202-1 and the mounting column 202-2 are hexagonal, the cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting column 202-2 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting rod 202-1, the mounting column 202-2 and the connecting rod 202-1 are of an integrated design and are both made of insulating material. Two connecting rods 202-1 and mounting columns 202-2 are fixedly connected at one end of the mounting frame 201, and wire clamps 203 are fixedly installed on the two mounting columns 202-2. When the two wire clamps 203 are performing short-circuit detection, it is necessary to install a wire between the two wire clamps 203.

[0146] It should also be noted that the cross-sectional outer contour of the connecting shell 204-1 is a hexagon, hollowed in the middle, and the top and both sides are used to open a slot 204-2. The shape of the slot 204-2 is compatible with the shape and size of the wire clamp 203, and the two can be coupled.

[0147] It should also be noted that the wire clamp 203 is made of phosphor bronze (conductivity ≥ 20% IACS), with gold plating on the surface (plating thickness ≥ 5μm), the initial contact resistance value is <30μΩ, the opening angle of the wire clamp 203 is 60°, and it is suitable for wires with a diameter of 10mm-35mm.

[0148] It should also be noted that the detection module 205 is installed on one end of the mounting frame 201 through a clamp. The principle of the detection module 205 adopts the four-wire measurement method. The detection module 205 includes: a constant current source module that can provide a constant DC current of 2A, with a ripple factor of <0.1%, and a voltage measurement module; a voltage measurement module includes a 24-bit ADC chip (resolution 0.1μV), input impedance >10MΩ, and a built-in FPGA chip (clock frequency 200MHz), which executes the temperature compensation formula in real time. At the same time, a laser confocal microscope is also provided in the detection module 205, which can detect the thickness of the oxide layer on the wire clamp 203, and an isopotentiometer is also provided in the detection module 205.

[0149] The support assembly 100 includes a chassis 101, an extension arm 102 disposed above the chassis 101, and a telescopic arm 103 disposed at one end of the extension arm 102 away from the chassis 101. It should be noted that the chassis 101 can be installed on a maintenance robot or on other machine components, such as Figure 2 As shown, motors are provided at both ends of the extension arm 102, wherein the motor output end of the extension arm 102 away from the chassis 101 is connected to one end of the telescopic arm 103, and the telescopic arm 103 adopts an electric telescopic rod that can receive electrical signals to perform telescopic work, and the end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to a motor, and the motor output end is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting frame 201 by bolts, and the mounting frame 201 can be driven to rotate by the motor, so that different tools can be replaced to detect or maintain the wires.

[0150] A grinding wheel 206 is installed at one end of the mounting frame 201, wherein the grinding wheel 206 is rotatably connected to one end of the mounting frame 201 via a connecting shaft. The rotating shaft connected to the grinding wheel 206 is connected to a motor, and the motor is installed at one end of the mounting frame 201 via bolts. It should be noted that the grinding wheel 206 uses a detachable diamond-coated grinding head (grain size is 800 mesh) with a diameter of 20 mm, which can be quickly replaced after wear.

[0151] The outer wall of the connecting shell 204-1 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the mounting column 202-2, and the outer wall of the sliding block 204-3 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove 202-3. When the wire clamp 203 is idle, the mounting frame 201 rotates to drive the grinding wheel 206 to work, and the wire clamp 203 will rotate 120 degrees. At this time, the connecting shell 204-1 will slide to the wire clamp 203 under the influence of gravity. At this time, the connecting shell 204-1 will wrap the outer wall of the wire clamp 203, thereby preventing the surface of the wire clamp 203 from being damaged when the wire clamp 203 is idle. At the same time, when the connecting shell 204-1 moves, it will drive the sliding block 204-3 to slide to the inclined groove 202-5. Due to the change in angle, the roller 202-4 in the inclined groove 202-5 will roll and contact the sliding block 204-3. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a semicircular notch is provided on the side of the sliding block 204-3 facing the roller 202-4. When the sliding block 204-3 moves to the inclined groove 202-5, the roller 202-4 couples with the semicircular notch. At this time, if the connecting shell 204-1 is subjected to an external force, it will push the sliding block 204-3. Because the connecting shell 204-1 is tilted as a whole, when the external force pushes the connecting shell 204-1, it will further drive the sliding block 204-3 to move. The sliding block 204-3 slides toward the arc-shaped groove 202-6, and the roller 202-4 falls into the notch on the back of the sliding block 204-3, restricting the movement of the sliding block 204-3. At this time, the connecting shell 204-1 cannot move.

[0152] When the wire clamp 203 needs to be used, the mounting frame 201 drives the wire clamp 203 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the connecting shell 204-1, the connecting rod 202-1 and the mounting column 202-2 are gradually vertical. At this time, as the mounting column 202-2 moves, vibration will be generated. At this time, the roller 202-4 will roll along the inclined groove 202-5 under the influence of the force, and the sliding block 204-3 will be able to slide downward. At this time, the connecting shell 204-1 can slide downward, so that when the wire clamp 203 is used, the connecting shell 204-1 can slide downward autonomously without wrapping the wire clamp 203.

[0153] Finally, it should be pointed out that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complete set of tools for live working, characterized by: include, A support assembly (100) for carrying a tool and adjusting a working height, and a rotating assembly (200) arranged on a circumferential side surface of an end portion of the support assembly (100) close to the tool; The rotating assembly (200) comprises a mounting frame (201) with ends arranged at equal angles and intervals, a support member (202) arranged on the top of the mounting frame (201), a wire clamp (203) arranged on the top of the support member (202) and used for connecting wires, a protective member (204) arranged on the outer wall of the support member (202), and a detection module (205) arranged at one end of the mounting frame (201) away from the support member (202); the detection module (205) is used to measure the contact resistance of the wire clamp (203) and perform temperature compensation correction to determine the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp (203); The support member (202) comprises a connecting rod (202-1), a mounting post (202-2) arranged at the top of the connecting rod (202-1), a sliding groove (202-3) arranged on the outer wall of the mounting post (202-2), a roller (202-4) arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove (202-3), an inclined groove (202-5) arranged at one end of the sliding groove (202-3) close to the roller (202-4), and an arc-shaped groove (202-6) connected to the inclined groove (202-5); The protective member (204) comprises a connecting shell (204-1), a notch (204-2) arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shell (204-1), and a sliding block (204-3) arranged on the inner wall of the connecting shell (204-1).

2. A complete set of tools for live working according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (100) comprises a chassis (101), an extension arm (102) arranged above the chassis (101), and a telescopic arm (103) arranged at one end of the extension arm (102) away from the chassis (101).

3. A complete set of tools for live working according to claim 2, characterized in that: A grinding wheel (206) is mounted on one end of the mounting frame (201) away from the support member (202) and the detection module (205), and the mounting frame (201) is connected to one end of the telescopic arm (103) away from the extension arm (102).

4. A complete set of tools for live working according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting shell (204-1) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the mounting column (202-2), and the outer wall of the sliding block (204-3) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (202-3).

5. A method for detecting oxidation degree of a wire clamp, using a live working tool set as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include, Obtain a data set of wire clamp resistance and ambient temperature during live working to determine whether temperature is an influencing factor of the measured wire clamp resistance. The four-wire method is used to measure the contact resistance between the clamp and the conductor, and the original contact resistance value is calculated to eliminate the interference of the conductor resistance. Obtaining the resistance temperature coefficient of the clamp material and the real-time temperature data of the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor, performing temperature compensation correction on the original contact resistance value to obtain the actual contact resistance value; The actual contact resistance value is compared with various preset thresholds of the oxidation level of the wire clamp to determine the oxidation level and degree of oxidation to which the wire clamp belongs.

6. A method for detecting oxidation degree of a wire clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of measuring the contact resistance between the clamp and the conductor using a four-wire method and calculating the original contact resistance value after eliminating the interference of the conductor resistance comprises the following steps: The voltage drop across the clamp is measured through an independent current loop; The test current is measured through an independent voltage measurement circuit; The original contact resistance value is obtained by calculation based on the ratio of the voltage drop to the test current.

7. The method for detecting the degree of oxidation of a wire clamp according to claim 6, wherein: The temperature compensation correction of the original contact resistance value is achieved through the calculation process of the temperature compensation correction formula. The specific calculation parameters of the temperature compensation correction formula include the resistance temperature coefficient of the wire clamp material, the difference between the real-time temperature data of the contact surface between the wire clamp and the wire and the reference temperature, and the influence parameters of the oxide layer on the contact resistance.

8. The method for detecting the degree of oxidation of a wire clamp according to claim 7, wherein: The temperature compensation correction formula is: ； in, Indicates the original contact resistance value; T indicates the real-time temperature of the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor; It represents the reference temperature, which is a pre-set base temperature under standard working conditions and is used to calculate the effect of the difference between the real-time temperature and the base temperature on the resistance; α represents the temperature coefficient of the clamp material; represents the oxide layer influence coefficient; Indicates the thickness of the oxide layer; Indicates the actual contact resistance value after temperature compensation and correction for the influence of the oxide layer. It is used to more accurately determine the oxidation degree of the wire clamp and reflect the true resistance characteristics of the wire clamp at the current temperature and oxidation state.

9. A method for detecting oxidation degree of a wire clamp according to claim 8, characterized in that: The oxidation levels of the wire clamp include light oxidation, moderate oxidation and heavy oxidation.

10. A method for detecting oxidation degree of a wire clamp according to claim 9, characterized in that: The oxidation level of the wire clamp also includes recording historical resistance data, operation type and temperature data of the wire clamp, calculating the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp, and dynamically adjusting various preset thresholds of the wire clamp oxidation level; Based on the low wear rate, the starting threshold of the mild oxidation level is adjusted upward to reduce the false alarm rate caused by natural oxidation fluctuations; Based on the medium wear rate, the starting threshold of the moderate oxidation level is lowered to trigger the maintenance process in advance to address the risk of accelerated oxidation caused by environmental factors; Based on the high wear rate, the starting threshold of the severe oxidation level is lowered, and the wire clamp replacement warning is triggered simultaneously to prevent sudden failure of the wire clamp due to arc ablation.

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