A live working complete tool set and a method for detecting the oxidation degree of a wire clamp

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of power equipment maintenance, and more particularly to a live working complete tool and a line clamp oxidation degree detection method, comprising obtaining contact resistance original data and environmental temperature data of the line clamp in live working; adopting four-wire method to exclude wire resistance interference and calculate the original contact resistance value of the line clamp; based on the temperature coefficient of copper material and the influence coefficient of oxide layer, temperature compensation correction is performed on the original resistance value to obtain the actual contact resistance value; according to the actual contact resistance value and the wear trend, the oxidation grade of the line clamp is dynamically determined and the maintenance threshold is adjusted. After obtaining the contact resistance original data and environmental temperature data of the line clamp, the four-wire method is used to exclude wire resistance interference to preliminarily calculate the original contact resistance value of the line clamp, and then the temperature compensation correction is performed on the original resistance value to obtain the actual contact resistance value, so as to dynamically determine the oxidation grade of the line clamp and adjust the maintenance threshold according to the actual contact resistance value and the wear trend.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment maintenance, and in particular to a complete set of tools and fixtures for live-line work and a method for detecting the degree of oxidation of wire clamps. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, live-line maintenance of substations is a key link in ensuring the stable operation of the power grid. With the development of smart grid technology, maintenance robots are gradually being applied to live-line work scenarios to replace manual labor in high-risk operations.

[0003] Existing maintenance robots typically have basic movement and image acquisition capabilities, and are equipped with various tools, such as equipotential testing devices, short-circuit connection tools, and equipment maintenance tools, to perform live-line maintenance work in substations.

[0004] In the use of short-circuit bonding tools, to prevent oxidation of the clamp surface from causing deviations in the actual performance parameters measured during short-circuit bonding, thus affecting the judgment of the true circuit state, existing technologies mainly determine the degree of oxidation of the clamp by measuring the contact resistance value. Conventional methods use a two-wire method to directly measure the resistance between the clamp and the conductor, which not only fails to eliminate the interference of the conductor's own resistance but also directly uses a fixed resistance threshold to classify the oxidation level.

[0005] Furthermore, existing methods for determining the degree of oxidation on the surface of wire clamps do not take into account the temperature sensitivity of the copper material in the wire clamps, resulting in significant temperature interference in the test results. At the same time, existing technologies do not record historical wear data of the wire clamps, making it impossible to distinguish between natural oxidation and abnormal wear, and lacking dynamic adaptability for maintenance strategies on the surface of the wire clamps. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device that can protect the wire clamp and reduce the degree of oxidation on the surface of the wire clamp when the wire clamp is idle.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention provides a complete set of tools and equipment for live-line working, including,

[0008] A support assembly for supporting tools and adjusting the working height, and a rotating assembly disposed on the circumferential side of the end of the support assembly near the tool;

[0009] The rotating assembly includes a mounting bracket with equal angles and spacing at its ends, a support member disposed on the top of the mounting bracket, a wire clamp disposed on the top of the support member for connecting wires, a protective member disposed on the outer wall of the support member, and a detection module disposed on the end of the mounting bracket away from the support member; the detection module is used to measure the contact resistance of the wire clamp and perform temperature compensation correction to determine the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp.

[0010] The support piece comprises a connecting rod, a mounting column arranged at the top of the connecting rod, a sliding groove arranged on the outer wall of the mounting column, a roller arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove, an inclined chute arranged at the end of the sliding groove close to the roller, and an arc-shaped groove communicated with the inclined chute.

[0011] The protection piece comprises a connecting shell, a notch arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shell, and a sliding block arranged on the inner wall of the connecting shell.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the live working complete tool kit, the support assembly comprises a base plate, an extension arm arranged above the base plate, and a telescopic arm arranged at the end of the extension arm away from the base plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the live working complete tool kit, a grinding wheel is arranged at the end of the mounting rack away from the support piece and the detection module, and the mounting rack is connected to the end of the telescopic arm away from the extension arm.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the live working complete tool kit, the inner wall of the connecting shell is in sliding connection with the outer wall of the mounting column, and the outer wall of the sliding block is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sliding groove.

[0015] The present application has the advantages that the coupling structure of the gravity-driven connecting shell and the roller realizes automatic protection and work avoidance of the wire clamp, and the wire clamp can be wrapped and locked when idle and released from vibration when in use without additional power, thereby protecting the wire clamp well without affecting the use of the wire clamp.

[0016] The present application further solves the technical problems of providing a live working complete tool kit and a wire clamp oxidation degree detection method, and solving the problems of existing wire clamp oxidation detection that does not exclude the interference of wire resistance and does not compensate for the temperature influence, resulting in misjudgment and missed detection; and the fixed threshold value cannot distinguish the wear type and the maintenance strategy lacks dynamic adaptability.

[0017] The above technical problems are solved by the following technical solutions: the present application provides a wire clamp oxidation degree detection method, which comprises obtaining a wire clamp resistance data set and an environmental temperature data set in live working to determine the temperature as an influence factor of the measured resistance of the wire clamp.

[0018] The four-wire method is used to measure the contact resistance of the contact surface between the wire clamp and the wire, and the original contact resistance value eliminating the interference of the wire resistance is calculated and obtained.

[0019] The resistance temperature coefficient of the wire clamp material and the real-time temperature data of the contact surface between the wire clamp and the wire are obtained, the original contact resistance value is temperature-compensated and corrected, and the actual contact resistance value is obtained.

[0020] The actual contact resistance value is compared with each preset threshold value of the clamp oxidation grade to determine the oxidation grade and the oxidation degree of the clamp.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the clamp oxidation degree detection method, the four-wire method is used to measure the contact resistance of the clamp and the conductor contact surface, and the original contact resistance value is calculated by eliminating the interference of the conductor resistance, including the following steps:

[0022] The voltage drop across the clamp is measured by an independent current loop.

[0023] The test current is measured by an independent voltage measurement loop.

[0024] The original contact resistance value is calculated based on the ratio of the voltage drop to the test current.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the clamp oxidation degree detection method, the temperature compensation correction of the original contact resistance value is realized by the calculation process of the temperature compensation correction formula, and the specific calculation parameters of the temperature compensation correction formula include the resistance temperature coefficient of the clamp material, the difference between the real-time temperature data of the clamp and conductor contact surface and the reference temperature, and the influence parameter of the oxidation layer on the contact resistance.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the clamp oxidation degree detection method, the temperature compensation correction formula is:

[0027] ;

[0028] wherein, represents the original contact resistance value; T represents the real-time temperature of the clamp and conductor contact surface; represents the reference temperature, which is a preset reference temperature under standard working conditions, and is used to calculate the influence of the difference between the real-time temperature and the reference temperature on the resistance; a represents the temperature coefficient of the clamp material; represents the oxidation layer influence coefficient; represents the oxidation layer thickness; represents the actual contact resistance value after temperature compensation and oxidation layer influence correction, which is used to more accurately determine the oxidation degree of the clamp, to reflect the real resistance characteristics of the clamp under the current temperature and oxidation state.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the clamp oxidation degree detection method, the oxidation grade of the clamp includes three grades of mild oxidation, moderate oxidation and severe oxidation.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the wire clamp oxidation degree detection method, the oxidation grade to which the wire clamp belongs further comprises recording the historical resistance data, operation type and temperature data of the wire clamp, and dynamically adjusting the preset threshold values of the wire clamp oxidation grade after the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp is calculated.

[0031] According to the low wear rate, the starting threshold value of the mild oxidation grade is adjusted upwards, and the false alarm rate caused by natural oxidation fluctuation is reduced.

[0032] According to the medium wear rate, the starting threshold value of the moderate oxidation grade is adjusted downwards, and the maintenance process is triggered in advance to cope with the risk of accelerated oxidation due to environmental factors.

[0033] According to the high wear rate, the starting threshold value of the severe oxidation grade is adjusted downwards, and the wire clamp replacement warning is triggered synchronously to prevent sudden failure of the wire clamp caused by arc ablation.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present application are that, by obtaining the contact resistance raw data and environmental temperature data of the wire clamp, the four-wire method is used to exclude the interference of wire resistance, the raw contact resistance value of the wire clamp is calculated, the actual contact resistance value is obtained by temperature compensation and correction of the raw resistance value, and the oxidation grade of the wire clamp is dynamically determined and the maintenance threshold is adjusted according to the actual contact resistance value and the wear trend. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present application, but not limit the present application. Among them:

[0036] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the whole set of live working tools of the present application is shown;

[0037] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the support assembly of the present application is shown;

[0038] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the rotating assembly of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the support member of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 5 The structure diagram of part of the components of the support member of the present application is shown;

[0041] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the rear view angle of the protective member of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 7 The cross-sectional view of the protective member and the support member after connection of the present application is shown.

[0043] In the figure: 100, support assembly; 101, chassis; 102, extension arm; 103, telescopic arm; 200, rotating assembly; 201, mounting frame; 202, support; 202-1, connecting rod; 202-2, mounting column; 202-3, sliding groove; 202-4, roller; 202-5, inclined chute; 202-6, arc-shaped chute; 203, wire clamp; 204, guard; 204-1, connecting shell; 204-2, notch; 204-3, sliding block; 205, detection module; 206, polishing wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order for those skilled in the art to have a better understanding of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0045] The terms used in the present application are those general terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functions about the present application, but these terms can be changed according to the intention of those skilled in the art, precedents, or new technology in the art. In addition, specific terms can be selected by the applicant, and in this case, the detailed meaning thereof will be described in the detailed description of the present application. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but based on the meaning of the terms and the overall description of the present application.

[0046] REFERENCE Figures 1-7 For one embodiment of the present application, a wire clamp oxidation degree detection method is provided, comprising:

[0047] S100: Obtain the live working wire clamp resistance data set and the environmental temperature data set to determine the temperature as the influence factor of the measured resistance of the wire clamp;

[0048] S200: Measure the contact resistance of the wire clamp and the conductor contact surface using the four-wire method, and calculate to obtain the original contact resistance value eliminating the interference of the conductor resistance;

[0049] S300: Obtain the resistance temperature coefficient of the wire clamp material and the real-time temperature data of the wire clamp and the conductor contact surface, and perform temperature compensation correction on the original contact resistance value to obtain the actual contact resistance value;

[0050] S400: Compare the actual contact resistance value with each preset threshold value of the wire clamp oxidation grade to determine the oxidation grade and the oxidation degree to which the wire clamp belongs.

[0051] It should be noted that when carrying out live maintenance work of the transformer substation, the line clamp is usually made of phosphor bronze gold-plated material, and the resistance temperature coefficient corresponding to this material is 0.00393 / °C. To determine the influence of temperature on the resistance measurement result of the line clamp, the control variable method is used for verification under the premise of excluding other environmental interference factors. In the experiment, the humidity and dust concentration are kept stable, and it is ensured that the line clamp is not deformed by external force. Among them, the humidity is kept stable at , and the dust concentration . Under this condition, when the environmental temperature changes by 10°C, the measured resistance value fluctuates by about 4%, which can be quantitatively verified by the resistance temperature characteristic formula: ;

[0052] Among them, represents the change of resistance, represents the initial resistance of the line clamp, represents the change of temperature, represents the resistance temperature coefficient of the conductor material.

[0053] Substitute the resistance temperature coefficient of the phosphor bronze gold-plated material, that is, = 0.00393 / °C, when = 10°C, the theoretical resistance change ratio is: ;

[0054] The theoretical calculation result of the resistance temperature characteristic formula is highly consistent with the "measured resistance value fluctuates by about 4%" in the control variable test, which shows that after isolating humidity, dust, mechanical stress and other interferences, temperature is the core factor leading to the fluctuation of the measured resistance value. Therefore, in the actual maintenance operation scene, if the temperature influence is not compensated, the oxidation detection result of the line clamp will be significantly affected by the temperature interference.

[0055] It should be noted that since the prior art directly measures the contact resistance between the line clamp and the conductor wire by the two-wire method, not only the interference of the conductor wire body resistance cannot be effectively excluded, leading to inaccurate measured contact resistance value and affecting the judgment of the oxidation degree of the line clamp, but also the resistance change caused by temperature is not compensated, leading to that the measurement result is significantly affected by temperature fluctuation. Therefore, the embodiment first measures the contact resistance value of the line clamp by the four-wire method in steps S100-S400 to exclude the interference of the conductor wire body resistance, and obtains the original contact resistance value of the line clamp affected by temperature; secondly, based on the known resistance temperature coefficient of the conductor material (for example, the resistance temperature coefficient of the phosphor bronze gold-plated material is 0.00393 / °C), the measured original contact resistance value of the line clamp is compensated and corrected for temperature, to obtain the actual contact resistance value of the line clamp under standard conditions, and the actual oxidation degree of the line clamp is further judged by the actual contact resistance value of the line clamp, so as to judge whether the line clamp needs to be maintained due to oxidation.

[0056] It should be noted that the working principle of the four-wire method for measuring the contact resistance of the clamp is that the "current loop" and the "voltage measurement loop" are separated from each other, a constant test current is passed to the clamp through two current leads, and the voltage drop across the clamp is accurately measured using two independent voltage leads. Since the current flowing through the voltage measurement loop is very small, the voltage drop generated by the current flowing through the voltage measurement loop in the wire can be ignored, thereby effectively avoiding the interference of the wire body resistance on the measurement result. On the basis of the four-wire method, the original contact resistance value of the clamp is calculated by a calculation formula, and the influence of the wire body resistance on the measurement result is excluded. The calculation formula is expressed as:

[0057] ; wherein, represents the original contact resistance value of the clamp excluding the influence of the wire body resistance; represents the voltage drop across the clamp measured by the voltage measurement loop; and I represents the test current passed in the current loop.

[0058] As an optional embodiment, the embodiment describes the details of the clamp oxidation degree detection method.

[0059] The four-wire method is used to measure the contact resistance of the contact surface between the clamp and the wire, and the original contact resistance value excluding the interference of the wire resistance is calculated, including the following steps:

[0060] The voltage drop across the clamp is measured by an independent current loop;

[0061] The test current is measured by an independent voltage measurement loop;

[0062] The original contact resistance value is obtained based on the ratio of the voltage drop to the test current.

[0063] It should be noted that the four-wire method in the embodiment is based on the Kelvin four-wire method principle, and the independent constant current source loop and the high-impedance voltage measurement loop can completely eliminate the interference of the wire body resistance and the contact impedance on the measurement result of the contact resistance of the clamp.

[0064] The calculation formula is:

[0065] ;

[0066] Wherein, V represents the true voltage drop of the contact surface between the clamp and the wire, the value range of V is 0.001V~0.1V, and the specific value of V is measured by an independent voltage measurement loop and only reflects the true voltage change of the contact surface between the clamp and the wire; I represents the stable test current output by the constant current source loop, and the industry general test current is 1A; represents the original contact resistance value of the clamp excluding the influence of the wire body resistance and the contact impedance, It is calculated based on the ratio between the actual voltage drop (V) at the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor and the stable test current (I) output by the constant current source circuit.

[0067] Furthermore, the original contact resistance value is corrected for temperature through the calculation process of the temperature compensation correction formula. The specific calculation parameters of the temperature compensation correction formula include the temperature coefficient of resistance of the clamp material, the difference between the real-time temperature data of the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor and the reference temperature, and the parameters of the influence of the oxide layer on the contact resistance.

[0068] It should be noted that in order to eliminate temperature interference in the original contact resistance, a temperature compensation formula is required.

[0069] Furthermore, the temperature compensation correction formula is as follows:

[0070] ;

[0071] in, This indicates the initial contact resistance value; T represents the real-time temperature of the contact surface between the clamp and the conductor. The reference temperature is a pre-set baseline temperature under standard operating conditions, used to calculate the effect of the difference between the real-time temperature and the reference temperature on the resistance; α represents the temperature coefficient of the clamp material. Indicates the influence coefficient of the oxide layer; Indicates the thickness of the oxide layer; This represents the actual contact resistance value after temperature compensation and correction for the effects of the oxide layer. It is used to more accurately determine the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp, so as to reflect the true resistance characteristics of the wire clamp under the current temperature and oxidation state.

[0072] It should be noted that the oxide layer influence coefficient (K) was determined experimentally. Specifically, an accelerated oxidation experiment was conducted on phosphor bronze gold-plated wire clamps in a constant temperature and humidity laboratory (temperature 20±1℃, humidity 50±5%RH). The oxide layer thickness (d) at different oxidation stages was measured using a laser confocal microscope, and the contact resistance increment at the corresponding oxide layer thickness was measured using the four-wire method. Based on the linear relationship between oxide layer thickness and resistance increment The K value was calculated using fitting. Experimental data showed that the K value of the phosphor bronze gold oxide layer (mainly Cu2O) was... (This value is related to the conductivity of the oxide layer material and the contact area of ​​the wire clamp, and is an inherent parameter for a specific material.)

[0073] Here, K quantifies the contribution of oxide layer thickness to contact resistance. The increase in wire clamp contact resistance mainly stems from the oxide layer (the oxide layer is a poor conductor; the greater the thickness, the greater the resistance), as stated in the formula. This item is specifically used to calculate the resistance increment caused by the oxide layer, ensuring the actual contact resistance value. It only reflects the degree of oxidation (after eliminating interference from temperature, wire resistance, etc.), and is the core basis for determining the oxidation level.

[0074] It should be noted that the reference temperature ( The standard operating conditions are a constant temperature and humidity laboratory environment, with specific parameters as follows: temperature 20±1℃, relative humidity 50±5%RH, no dust pollution (dust concentration <0.1mg / m³), and no external force deformation of the clamp and conductor (stable contact pressure). This operating condition is strictly controlled in the laboratory and serves as the benchmark environment for clamp performance testing.

[0075] It is not a temperature that "will not produce resistance interference" (the resistance itself is affected by temperature, which is a physical characteristic and cannot be eliminated), but a "reference point" used to unify the standard for resistance measurement. Its core function is to convert the original resistance value under different ambient temperatures ( Convert to the same temperature reference ( This eliminates the influence of temperature fluctuations on resistance (such as resistance naturally increasing at high temperatures and naturally decreasing at low temperatures), ensuring that the corrected resistance value is determined solely by the oxide layer thickness. For example, if the actual measurement temperature is 30℃, the "resistance deviation caused by the temperature difference between 30℃ and 20℃" can be calculated using "T0=20℃" and corrected to "the resistance value equivalent to 20℃", ensuring the comparability of measurement results at different temperatures.

[0076] It should be noted that an ambient temperature sensor is used to measure the overall ambient temperature of the work site. A PT100 temperature sensor (accuracy ±0.2℃) is installed on the surface of the wire clamp to obtain the actual working temperature of the wire clamp in real time under different ambient temperatures. An infrared non-contact sensor (accuracy ±1℃) is used to measure the temperature of the wire connected to the wire clamp to monitor the temperature rise of the wire due to current flow. A Kalman filter algorithm is used to fuse the data from the PT100 temperature sensor and the infrared non-contact sensor to eliminate measurement errors caused by local temperature differences, and obtain the real-time temperature of the contact surface between the wire clamp and the wire. Then, combined with the temperature compensation correction formula, the original contact resistance value is corrected to eliminate the influence of temperature on the resistance measurement results of copper wire clamps (specifically, phosphor bronze plated with gold), and the actual contact resistance value reflecting only the degree of oxidation of the wire clamp is obtained. The actual degree of oxidation of the wire clamp is determined by the actual contact resistance value, thereby determining whether the wire clamp needs maintenance due to oxidation.

[0077] It should be further explained that the PT100 temperature sensor (precision ±0.2℃) is installed in the core area where the clamp contacts the wire, such as the bonding surface near the crimping of the clamp and the wire. When installing, the probe of the PT100 temperature sensor (precision ±0.2℃) is fixed by high-temperature resistant glue to ensure that the probe is in close contact with the surface of the clamp.

[0078] It should be further explained that the infrared non-contact sensor is installed on the mounting bracket 201 by bolts. When installing, it is necessary to ensure that the sensor lens is vertically aligned with the contact area of the clamp and the wire.

[0079] It should be further explained that the Kalman filter algorithm is an algorithm that can "intelligently average and automatically weight" to fuse the temperature data of the two sensors and eliminate local temperature difference interference.

[0080] It should be further explained that the thickness of the oxide layer is measured by the laser confocal technology in the detection module.

[0081] Preferably, based on the four-wire measurement method, the original contact resistance value is calculated, which is not eliminated by temperature interference but excludes the resistance interference of the wire body; then, in combination with the real-time temperature data of the fusion of the contact surface of the clamp and the wire and the resistance temperature coefficient of the clamp material, the actual contact resistance value is obtained after temperature compensation correction.

[0082] Further, the oxidation level of the clamp includes three levels: light oxidation, moderate oxidation and heavy oxidation.

[0083] Further, the clamp oxidation degree detection method further includes recording the historical resistance data, operation type and temperature data of the clamp, calculating the oxidation wear rate of the clamp, and dynamically adjusting the preset threshold values of the clamp oxidation level;

[0084] According to the low wear rate, the starting threshold value of the light oxidation level is adjusted upward to reduce the false alarm rate caused by natural oxidation fluctuations;

[0085] According to the medium wear rate, the starting threshold value of the moderate oxidation level is adjusted downward to trigger the maintenance process in advance to cope with the risk of accelerated oxidation due to environmental factors;

[0086] According to the high wear rate, the starting threshold value of the heavy oxidation level is adjusted downward, and the clamp replacement warning is triggered synchronously to prevent sudden failure of the clamp caused by arc ablation.

[0087] Among them, in the constant temperature and humidity laboratory (temperature 20±1℃, humidity 50±5%RH), the clamp with gold plating on the surface of phosphor bronze material (conductivity 22%IACS) is subjected to accelerated oxidation experiment, and the steps are as follows:

[0088] ​The contact resistance of the terminal is 28 μΩ, and the thickness of the oxide layer is less than 1 μm in the initial state;

[0089] When the oxidation time is three days, the thickness of the oxide layer is 5-8 μm, the measured contact resistance is 52-58 μΩ, and the surface of the terminal is slightly discolored;

[0090] When the oxidation time is seven days, the thickness of the oxide layer is 12-15 μm, the measured contact resistance is 95-105 μΩ, and the surface of the terminal is obviously oxidized;

[0091] When the oxidation time is fifteen days, the thickness of the oxide layer is 40-50 μm, the measured contact resistance is 180-200 μΩ, and the surface of the terminal is dark brown;

[0092] When the oxidation time is twenty days, the thickness of the oxide layer is greater than 50 μm, the measured contact resistance is greater than 200 μΩ, and the surface of the terminal is rough and peeled.

[0093] According to the above experimental data, the number of terminal oxidation grades and the initial judgment threshold of each oxidation grade are determined:

[0094] When the contact resistance of the terminal contact surface with the wire is 50 μΩ, the terminal begins to appear slight oxidation;

[0095] When the contact resistance of the terminal contact surface with the wire is 100 μΩ, the terminal begins to appear moderate oxidation;

[0096] When the contact resistance of the terminal contact surface with the wire is 200 μΩ, the terminal begins to appear severe oxidation.

[0097] Therefore, in the present embodiment, when judging the actual oxidation degree of the terminal according to the actual contact resistance value, the following conditions can be used for judgment:

[0098] When 50 μΩ≤ actual contact resistance value <100 μΩ, the surface of the terminal appears slight discoloration, and the oxidation grade of the terminal is slight oxidation;

[0099] When 100 μΩ≤ actual contact resistance value <200 μΩ, the surface of the terminal appears obvious oxide film, and the oxidation grade of the terminal is moderate oxidation;

[0100] When the actual contact resistance value is greater than or equal to 200 μΩ, the surface of the terminal is rough and peeled, the terminal needs to be replaced, and the oxidation grade of the terminal is severe oxidation.

[0101] Further, the historical resistance data, operation type and temperature data of the terminal are recorded, and the oxidation wear rate of the terminal is calculated to dynamically adjust the preset threshold values of the terminal oxidation grades;

[0102] According to the low wear rate, the starting threshold value of the slight oxidation grade is raised, and the false alarm rate caused by natural oxidation fluctuation is reduced;

[0103] Based on the wear rate, the starting threshold for the moderate oxidation level is lowered to trigger the maintenance process earlier in order to address the risk of accelerated oxidation due to environmental factors.

[0104] Based on the high wear rate, the starting threshold of the severe oxidation level is lowered, and a clamp replacement warning is triggered simultaneously to prevent sudden clamp failure caused by arc erosion.

[0105] It should be noted that since the fixed threshold for the oxidation level of the wire clamp does not take into account the individual wear characteristics of the wire clamp under different usage frequencies, operation types and temperature environments, in this embodiment, in addition to judging the oxidation level of the wire clamp based on the actual contact resistance value (after eliminating the influence of temperature), it is also necessary to further combine the historical wear trend of the wire clamp to comprehensively evaluate whether the wire clamp has reached the state of needing maintenance or replacement due to oxidation.

[0106] The specific judgment method is as follows:

[0107] After each operation, record the actual contact resistance value of the clamp (after temperature compensation), the operation type (such as the number of short-circuit connections), and the ambient temperature data;

[0108] When using a new wire clamp for the first time, record the initial contact resistance value as a reference for the non-oxidized state;

[0109] After each subsequent operation, the correspondence between the number of operations and the actual contact resistance value is updated to form a wear trend sequence of the wire clamp;

[0110] Call the wear trend sequence of the wire clamp and calculate the single-operation increase of the actual contact resistance value of the wire clamp (i.e., the difference of the actual contact resistance value between two adjacent operations).

[0111] The oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp during multiple operations is calculated based on the single-operation increase of the actual contact resistance value of the clamp. The formula for calculating the oxidation wear rate is: ;

[0112] in, Indicates the rate of oxidative wear; This represents the actual contact resistance value after the i-th operation (after compensating for the effects of temperature and oxide layer); n represents the number of operations counted (usually 5-10 times, balancing stability and timeliness). It indicates that it is the first The actual contact resistance value of the clamp after temperature compensation and oxide layer correction following the operation.

[0113] It should be noted that the oxidation wear rate of the wire clamp is divided into three levels according to the increase of the actual contact resistance value in consecutive operations: low-rate wear, medium-rate wear, and high-rate wear.

[0114] If the actual contact resistance value increases by a small amount after each operation, it is considered to be a low-rate wear of normal slight oxidation. If the increase is between the low and high rates, it is considered to be a medium-rate wear of accelerated oxidation. If the increase is significantly greater than the maximum value in the interval between the low and high rates, it is determined to be an increase far beyond the normal range, which is considered to be a high-rate wear caused by abnormal conditions such as arc ablation.

[0115] The low rate is represented by the single-operation resistance increase ≤ the maximum increase of natural oxidation, i.e., the "natural upper limit" of resistance growth when the clamp is in normal working condition. The high rate is represented by the single-operation resistance increase ≥ the minimum increase of abnormal working condition, i.e., the "abnormal lower limit" of resistance mutation caused by arc, heavy load, etc.

[0116] For example, when the interval between the low and high rates is [5 μΩ, 15 μΩ]: if the single-operation resistance increase is less than 5 μΩ, it is a low-rate increase. If the single-operation resistance increase is greater than 15 μΩ, it is a high-rate increase.

[0117] For example, when the interval between the low and high rates is [5 μΩ, 15 μΩ]: if the single-operation resistance increase is less than 5 μΩ, it is a low-rate increase. If the single-operation resistance increase is greater than 15 μΩ, it is a high-rate increase.

[0118] When the single-operation resistance increase is less than 5 μΩ, the oxidation wear rate of the clamp is a low-rate wear, and the clamp is in a normal slight oxidation state, with resistance growth consistent with natural oxidation trends.

[0119] When the single-operation resistance increase is between 5 μΩ and 15 μΩ, the oxidation wear rate of the clamp is a medium-rate wear, and the clamp is affected by environmental factors, with accelerated oxidation but still within a controllable range.

[0120] When the single-operation resistance increase is greater than 15 μΩ, the oxidation wear rate of the clamp is a high-rate wear, and the clamp encounters abnormal conditions such as arc ablation, heavy load, etc., resulting in a sharp increase in resistance, which requires immediate maintenance measures.

[0121] For different wear rates, the oxidation level threshold is dynamically adjusted: when the low-rate wear is continuously determined, the oxidation level threshold (such as the starting value for determining slight oxidation) is adjusted upward based on historical data to avoid unnecessary warnings due to normal slight wear fluctuations. When high-rate wear is detected, the oxidation level threshold (such as the starting value for determining severe oxidation) is adjusted downward to prevent sudden failure of the clamp caused by arc ablation.

[0122] It needs to be explained that the system is automatically judged by "historical data fitting + wear trend prediction" "appropriate adjustment amount", the core logic is: based on the "wear rate stability" of the clamp, dynamically correct the oxidation grade threshold, balance the risk of misjudgment and the timeliness of early warning.

[0123] "Appropriate adjustment amount" is judged by the following method:

[0124] Let the initial threshold of oxidation grade be (such as the threshold of mild oxidation , ), the adjustment amount is , and the adjusted initial threshold is .

[0125] It is calculated by the following formula:

[0126] ;

[0127] Where k is the risk coefficient (preset by artificial, such as k=0.1 when the wear rate is low, k=0.2 when the wear rate is medium); is the standard deviation of historical wear rate (reflecting the degree of wear fluctuation, the smaller, the more stable wear); is the average value of historical wear rate (reflecting the current wear level of the clamp).

[0128] When the continuous 5 times are judged as low wear rate (5 <5 times), the oxidation grade threshold will be adjusted up:

[0129] For example, when , the adjustment amount is:

[0130] ;

[0131] Then calculate the adjusted threshold:

[0132] ;

[0133] Here, in order to facilitate the calculation, the value greater than 50 is rounded, that is, the result is output as 55 , so as to facilitate operation and maintenance, and when the clamp oxidation is stable, the system will adjust the threshold to "tolerate" larger normal fluctuations (such as temperature compensation error, measurement noise), to avoid false triggering of early warning due to small fluctuations.

[0134] When high-speed wear is detected (15 >15 times), the oxidation grade threshold will be adjusted down:

[0135] For example when then:

[0136] ;

[0137] The adjusted threshold is then calculated:

[0138] ;

[0139] The same engineering simplification is applied to the output value, which is simplified to 90 , thus facilitating operation and maintenance, while the oxidation of the clamp accelerates, and the lowered threshold can identify moderate oxidation risk in advance.

[0140] Threshold adjustment example: at low speed, the starting value of mild oxidation is 50 μΩ→55 μΩ, and at high speed, the starting value of moderate oxidation is 100 μΩ→90 μΩ, with an adjustment range of about 10%, which is reasonable, avoiding excessive adjustment leading to standard failure, and effectively distinguishing different wear risks, such as reducing false alarms by 5 μΩ for low-speed wear, and triggering maintenance in advance by tightening 10 μΩ for high-speed wear.

[0141] Through temperature compensation correction, the resistance change caused by the fluctuation of the environmental temperature of the clamp material is removed, such as the virtual high resistance at high temperature and the virtual low resistance at low temperature, so that the actual resistance value only reflects the contact resistance change caused by the oxide layer on the surface of the clamp; avoiding misjudgment of normal clamps in high-temperature environments as oxidation requiring maintenance due to temperature-induced resistance increase, reducing tool waste caused by excessive maintenance. Avoiding the misjudgment of oxidized clamps in low-temperature environments as normal state due to temperature offsetting part of the resistance increase, preventing short-circuit failure risks caused by delayed maintenance, such as the inability to quickly discharge current due to an excessively thick oxide layer.

[0142] Table 1: Specific temperature compensation correction gradient

[0143]

[0144] Referring to Table 1, the environmental temperature represents the external temperature condition at the time of actual measurement, covering -10°C to 40°C, simulating the temperature range of the clamp operation; the measured original resistance represents the clamp resistance value directly measured at different temperatures, which shows an increasing trend with the increase of temperature due to the influence of temperature on the conductor resistance (metal resistance increases with the increase of temperature); the theoretical compensation value represents the temperature coefficient based on the material of the clamp (such as the temperature coefficient of copper is about 0.00393 / ℃); the measured compensated resistance represents the resistance value obtained after temperature compensation correction (combined with the theoretical formula and actual measurement error calibration) of the measured original resistance, which is closer to the real resistance performance of the clamp under the standard working condition of 20°C; the error rate represents the deviation proportion of the measured compensated resistance and the theoretical compensation value, reflecting the accuracy of the temperature compensation correction method, the lower the error rate, the more reliable the compensation logic.

[0145] By comparing the measured and compensated data at different temperature points, the error rate is at a low level (the highest is 0.65%), which proves that the temperature compensation formula in the embodiment can effectively eliminate the interference of temperature on resistance measurement, and ensure that the resistance data obtained at different temperatures can be used to determine the oxidation degree of the clamp.

[0146] In summary, based on the resistance increase rate of the clamp in continuous operation, the oxidation grade determination threshold is dynamically adjusted, the oxidation grade threshold is automatically adjusted, for example, the starting value of mild oxidation is adjusted from 50 mu Omega to 55 mu Omega, the determination standard for low-speed wear clamp is relaxed, unnecessary tool replacement is reduced, the maintenance frequency is reduced, and through wear rate trend analysis, oxidation acceleration hidden dangers are identified in advance.

[0147] As an optional embodiment, a live working complete tool is provided, comprising:

[0148] A support assembly 100 for carrying the tool and adjusting the working height, and a rotating assembly 200 arranged on the end circumferential side of the support assembly 100 close to the tool;

[0149] The rotating assembly 200 comprises mounting racks 201 arranged at equal angles and intervals, a support 202 arranged on the top of the mounting rack 201, a clamp 203 arranged on the top of the support 202 and used for lapping the conductor, a protective member 204 arranged on the outer wall of the support 202, and a detection module 205 arranged on the end of the mounting rack 201 away from the support 202; the detection module 205 is used for measuring the contact resistance of the clamp 203 and performing temperature compensation correction to determine the oxidation degree of the clamp 203; wherein;

[0150] The support 202 comprises a connecting rod 202-1, a mounting column 202-2 arranged on the top of the connecting rod 202-1, a sliding groove 202-3 arranged on the outer wall of the mounting column 202-2, a roller shaft 202-4 arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove 202-3, an inclined groove 202-5 arranged on the end of the sliding groove 202-3 close to the roller shaft 202-4, and an arc-shaped groove 202-6 in communication with the inclined groove 202-5;

[0151] The protective member 204 comprises a connecting shell 204-1, a slot 204-2 arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shell 204-1, and a sliding block 204-3 arranged on the inner wall of the connecting shell 204-1.

[0152] The mounting rack 201 is arranged at an interval of 120°, and three tool mounting positions are arranged for carrying the support 202, the detection module 205 and the grinding wheel 206, respectively; the mounting rack 201 adopts a triangular design, and an electrically conductive slip ring (transmission current ≥10A, signal channel ≥8) is integrated inside to ensure continuous transmission of power and data during rotation.

[0153] It should be noted that the inside of the mounting frame 201 is integrated with a conductive slip ring. The triangular closed space can be regularly wired to provide a stable installation environment for the conductive slip ring. When the mounting frame 201 rotates (such as adjusting the angle of the tool during operation), the conductive slip ring is designed to separate the dynamic and static contacts. The static end is connected to the external power supply and data receiving end, and the rotating end rotates synchronously with the mounting frame 201. The continuous contact between the carbon brush and the slip ring track allows power (≥10A to meet tool power supply) and multi-channel signals (≥8 channels to cover detection data transmission) to be uninterrupted during rotation. The cooperation of the "triangular structure support layout and the conductive slip ring adaptive rotation" ensures continuous power and data transmission during rotation and supports stable operation of the tool group.

[0154] It should be noted that the cross-sectional outline of the connecting rod 202-1 and the mounting column 202-2 is hexagonal, the cross-sectional area of the mounting column 202-2 is smaller than that of the connecting rod 202-1, the mounting column 202-2 and the connecting rod 202-1 are designed as one body, and are made of insulating material. Two connecting rods 202-1 and mounting columns 202-2 are fixedly connected at one end of the mounting frame 201, and two wire clamps 203 are fixedly installed on the two mounting columns 202-2. When performing short circuit detection, a wire needs to be installed between the two wire clamps 203.

[0155] It should be further noted that the cross-sectional outline of the connecting shell 204-1 is hexagonal, hollow in the middle, and the top together with the front and back surfaces are used to open the slot 204-2. The shape and size of the slot 204-2 are adapted to the shape and size of the wire clamp 203, and the two can be coupled.

[0156] It should be further noted that the wire clamp 203 is made of phosphor bronze material (conductivity ≥20% IACS), the surface is gold plated (plating thickness ≥5μm), the initial value of the contact resistance is <30μΩ, the opening angle of the wire clamp 203 is 60°, and the wire clamp 203 is adapted to the wire with a diameter of 10mm-35mm.

[0157] It should be further noted that the detection module 205 is installed at one end of the mounting frame 201 through a clamp. The principle of the detection module 205 adopts four-wire measurement. The detection module 205 includes a constant current source module that can provide a constant direct current of 2A, a ripple coefficient <0.1%, and a voltage measurement module; a voltage measurement module includes a 24-bit ADC chip (resolution 0.1μV), input impedance >10MΩ, and a built-in FPGA chip (clock frequency 200MHz) that executes a temperature compensation formula in real time. A laser confocal microscope is also provided in the detection module 205 to detect the thickness of the oxide layer on the wire clamp 203, and an equal potential device is also provided in the detection module 205.

[0158] The support assembly 100 comprises a base plate 101, an extension arm 102 arranged above the base plate 101, and a telescopic arm 103 arranged at an end of the extension arm 102 away from the base plate 101. It should be noted that the base plate 101 can be mounted on a maintenance robot or other machine components. As shown in Figure 2 The extension arm 102 is provided with a motor at each end. The output end of the motor at the end of the extension arm 102 away from the base plate 101 is connected to one end of the telescopic arm 103. The telescopic arm 103 is an electric telescopic rod that can receive electrical signals to perform telescopic work. The electric telescopic rod is connected to a motor at the end. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting bracket 201 by bolts. The mounting bracket 201 can be rotated by the motor to replace different tools for detecting or maintaining the wires.

[0159] The mounting bracket 201 is provided with a grinding wheel 206 at one end. The grinding wheel 206 is rotatably connected to one end of the mounting bracket 201 by a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft of the grinding wheel 206 is connected to a motor. The motor is mounted on one end of the mounting bracket 201 by bolts. It should be noted that the grinding wheel 206 is a detachable diamond coating grinding head (particle size of 800 mesh) with a diameter of 20 mm. The grinding wheel 206 can be quickly replaced after wear.

[0160] The connecting shell 204-1 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the mounting column 202-2. The outer wall of the sliding block 204-3 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 202-3. When the mounting bracket 201 rotates to drive the grinding wheel 206 to work while the wire clamp 203 is idle, the wire clamp 203 will rotate by 120°. At this time, the connecting shell 204-1 will slide to the wire clamp 203 under the influence of gravity. At this time, the connecting shell 204-1 will wrap the outer wall of the wire clamp 203, thereby preventing the surface of the wire clamp 203 from being damaged when the wire clamp 203 is idle. When the connecting shell 204-1 moves, the sliding block 204-3 will slide to the inclined groove 202-5. Because of the change in angle, the roller 202-4 in the inclined groove 202-5 will roll and come into contact with the sliding block 204-3, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The side of the sliding block 204-3 facing the roller 202-4 is provided with a semicircular notch. When the sliding block 204-3 moves to the inclined groove 202-5, the roller 202-4 will be coupled with the semicircular notch. At this time, if the connecting shell 204-1 is subjected to an external force, the sliding block 204-3 will be pushed. Because the connecting shell 204-1 is inclined as a whole, when the connecting shell 204-1 is pushed by an external force, the sliding block 204-3 will be further moved. The sliding block 204-3 slides to the arc-shaped groove 202-6. The roller 202-4 falls into the notch on the back of the sliding block 204-3 to limit the movement of the sliding block 204-3. At this time, the connecting shell 204-1 cannot move;

[0161] When the wire clamp 203 is needed to be used, the mounting frame 201 drives the wire clamp 203 to rotate reversely, at this time, the connecting shell 204-1, the connecting rod 202-1 and the mounting column 202-2 are gradually vertical, at this time, along with the movement of the mounting column 202-2, vibration is generated, at this time, the roller 202-4 is affected by force and rolls along the inclined groove 202-5, at this time, the sliding block 204-3 is able to slide downward, at this time, the connecting shell 204-1 is able to slide downward, so that the connecting shell 204-1 is able to slide downward autonomously without wrapping the wire clamp 203 when the wire clamp 203 is used.

[0162] It should be noted that the methods and devices described above are merely embodiments and can be modified in various ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A live working kit, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a support assembly (100) for carrying tools and adjusting work height and a rotating assembly (200) arranged on the end circumferential side of the support assembly (100) close to the tools, The rotating assembly (200) comprises equiangular and spaced mounting racks (201), a support (202) arranged on the top of the mounting racks (201), wire clamps (203) arranged on the top of the support (202) and used for clamping wires, a protective member (204) arranged on the outer wall of the support (202), and a detection module (205) arranged on the end of the mounting rack (201) away from the support (202); the detection module (205) is used for measuring the contact resistance of the wire clamps (203) and performing temperature compensation correction to determine the oxidation degree of the wire clamps (203); The support (202) comprises a connecting rod (202-1), a mounting column (202-2) arranged on the top of the connecting rod (202-1), a sliding groove (202-3) arranged on the outer wall of the mounting column (202-2), a roller shaft (202-4) arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove (202-3), an inclined groove (202-5) arranged on the end of the sliding groove (202-3) close to the roller shaft (202-4), and an arc-shaped groove (202-6) in communication with the inclined groove (202-5); The protective member (204) comprises a connecting shell (204-1), a notch (204-2) arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shell (204-1), and a sliding block (204-3) arranged on the inner wall of the connecting shell (204-1). The support assembly (100) comprises a base plate (101), an extension arm (102) arranged above the base plate (101), and a telescopic arm (103) arranged on the end of the extension arm (102) away from the base plate (101).

2. A live working kit according to claim 1, characterised in that: A polishing wheel (206) is arranged on the end of the mounting rack (201) away from the support (202) and the detection module (205), and the mounting rack (201) is connected to the end of the telescopic arm (103) away from the extension arm (102).

3. A live working kit according to claim 2, characterised in that: The inner wall of the connecting shell (204-1) is in sliding connection with the outer wall of the mounting column (202-2), and the outer wall of the sliding block (204-3) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sliding groove (202-3).

4. A live working kit according to claim 3, characterised in that: The utility model relates to a support assembly (100) for carrying tools and adjusting work height and a rotating assembly (200) arranged on the end circumferential side of the support assembly (100) close to the tools, 5. A method for detecting the oxidation degree of a wire clamp, using the live working tool kit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a support assembly (100) for carrying tools and adjusting work height and a rotating assembly (200) arranged on the end circumferential side of the support assembly (100) close to the tools, The utility model relates to a support assembly (100) for carrying tools and adjusting work height and a rotating assembly (200) arranged on the end circumferential side of the support assembly (100) close to the tools, The utility model relates to a support assembly (100) for carrying tools and adjusting work height and a rotating assembly (200) arranged on the end circumferential side of the support assembly (100) close to the tools, The utility model relates to a support assembly (100) for carrying tools and adjusting work height and a rotating assembly (200) arranged on the end circumferential side of the support assembly (100) close to the tools, ​ The temperature compensation correction of the original contact resistance value is realized by a calculation process of a temperature compensation correction formula, and specific calculation parameters of the temperature compensation correction formula include an electrical resistance temperature coefficient of a clamp material, a difference between real-time temperature data of a clamp and a conductor contact surface and a reference temperature, and an influence parameter of an oxide layer on contact resistance; The temperature compensation correction formula is: Wherein, represents the original contact resistance value; T represents the real-time temperature of the contact surface between the clamp and the wire; represents the reference temperature, which is a reference temperature preset under standard working conditions, and is used to calculate the influence of the difference between the real-time temperature and the reference temperature on the resistance; and a represents the temperature coefficient of the clamp material; represents the oxide layer influence coefficient; represents the oxide layer thickness; represents the actual contact resistance value after temperature compensation and oxide layer influence correction, and is used to more accurately determine the oxidation degree of the clamp, so as to reflect the real resistance characteristics of the clamp under the current temperature and oxidation state.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: The contact resistance of the clamp and the conductor contact surface is measured by the four-wire method, and the original contact resistance value eliminating the interference of the conductor resistance is obtained by calculation, including the following steps: The voltage drop across the clamp is measured by an independent current loop; The test current is measured by an independent voltage measurement loop; The original contact resistance value is obtained by calculation based on the ratio of the voltage drop to the test current.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: The oxidation grade of the clamp includes three grades of mild oxidation, moderate oxidation and severe oxidation.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: The oxidation grade of the clamp also includes recording historical resistance data, operation type and temperature data of the clamp, and dynamically adjusting each preset threshold of the oxidation grade of the clamp after calculating the oxidation wear rate of the clamp; According to the low wear rate, the starting threshold of the mild oxidation grade is adjusted upward to reduce the false alarm rate caused by natural oxidation fluctuation; According to the medium wear rate, the starting threshold of the moderate oxidation grade is adjusted downward to trigger the maintenance process in advance to cope with the risk of accelerated oxidation due to environmental factors; According to the high wear rate, the starting threshold of the severe oxidation grade is adjusted downward, and the clamp replacement warning is triggered synchronously to prevent sudden failure of the clamp caused by arc ablation.

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