Photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the photovoltaic field, and provides a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic cell comprises a cell substrate which is provided with two surface sides opposite to each other in a first direction, and at least one surface side comprises an interconnection region and a non-interconnection region which are opposite to each other in a second direction, and a connection region located between the interconnection region and the non-interconnection region; the grid lines are arranged at intervals in the second direction, are located on at least one surface side and extend in the third direction; the straight-through part is positioned on the non-interconnection region and extends along a second direction; the connecting block is positioned on one side, far away from the battery substrate, of the straight-through part; the inclined through part is positioned on the interconnection region and comprises two bus lines of which the extension directions are intersected; the surface side of the interconnection area is provided with a component electrically connected with two adjacent photovoltaic cells, the surface side of the non-interconnection area is not provided with a component electrically connected with two adjacent photovoltaic cells, and at least the shading area of the photovoltaic cells is reduced and the structural stability of the photovoltaic cells is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaics, and in particular to a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] With the gradual depletion of fossil fuels, photovoltaic cells are becoming increasingly popular as a new energy alternative. Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity. They utilize the principle of photovoltaics to generate charge carriers, which are then extracted using electrodes, facilitating the efficient use of the electricity. Current photovoltaic cell types include BC cells (Back Contact), TOPcon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact), PERC (Passivated Emitter and Real Cell), and heterojunction cells.

[0003] However, the region where the electrodes are provided in the photovoltaic cell can be regarded as a light-shielding region. The portion of the photovoltaic cell substrate located in this region receives less light, which is not conducive to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module, which are at least beneficial in reducing the shading area of ​​the photovoltaic cell and improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, on one hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic cell, comprising: a cell substrate having two surface sides opposite to each other along a first direction, at least one of the surface sides comprising an interconnected region and a non-interconnected region opposite to each other along a second direction, and a connection region located between the interconnected region and the non-interconnected region, the first direction being the thickness direction of the cell substrate, and the second direction intersecting the first direction; a plurality of grid lines arranged at intervals along the second direction, located on at least one of the surface sides, the grid lines extending along a third direction; a straight-through portion located on the non-interconnected region, the straight-through portion extending along the second direction; a connecting block located on a side of the straight-through portion away from the cell substrate; an oblique through portion located on the interconnected region, the oblique through portion comprising a bus bar whose two extension directions intersect, the second direction, the third direction and the extension direction of the bus bar being located on the same plane and intersecting in pairs; wherein the interconnected region is an area on the surface side where components electrically connecting two adjacent photovoltaic cells are provided, and the non-interconnected region is an area on the surface side where components electrically connecting two adjacent photovoltaic cells are not provided.

[0006] In some embodiments, there are multiple connection blocks in contact with a single straight-through portion; wherein, two adjacent connection blocks on the same straight-through portion are arranged at intervals, or two adjacent connection blocks on the same straight-through portion are in contact with each other.

[0007] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection shape of the connection block on the surface side is a quadrilateral, and one diagonal line of the quadrilateral is located in the orthographic projection of the through portion on the surface side.

[0008] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell further includes: a first solder pad that is in contact with the straight-through portion and is located on an area of ​​the connection region close to the non-interconnected region; a second solder pad that is in contact with the oblique through portion and is located on an area of ​​the connection region close to the interconnected region; wherein the first solder pad is in contact with at least one of the gate lines, and the second solder pad is in contact with at least one of the gate lines.

[0009] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell further includes: a plurality of welding blocks arranged at intervals along the second direction, the welding blocks being located between the first welding pad and the second welding pad adjacent to each other along the second direction, and the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding blocks on the surface side is smaller than the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding pad on the surface side, and the welding pad is the first welding pad or the second welding pad.

[0010] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection area of ​​the connection block on the surface side is smaller than or equal to an orthographic projection area of ​​the welding block on the surface side.

[0011] In some embodiments, a ratio of an orthographic projection area of ​​the solder bump on the surface side to an orthographic projection area of ​​the solder pad on the surface side is 0.25-0.625.

[0012] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell further includes: a plurality of welding points arranged at intervals along the second direction, the welding points being located between the first welding pad and the second welding pad adjacent to each other along the second direction, and a single welding point being in contact with a single gate line; wherein the welding point includes a welding line extending along the third direction and an extension line extending along the second direction, and two opposite sections of the welding line along the third direction are each in contact with and connected to one extension line.

[0013] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell further includes: a connecting line extending along the second direction, located between two adjacent welding points along the second direction, and in contact with and connected to the two adjacent welding lines along the second direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cell substrate includes a first edge side and a second edge side opposite to each other along the second direction, and the two surface sides opposite to each other along the first direction are respectively the first surface side and the second surface side; the grid line includes a first grid line located on the first surface side, and a second grid line located on the second surface side; in the same photovoltaic cell, the interconnected area includes a first interconnected area on the first surface side and a second interconnected area on the second surface side, the non-interconnected area includes a first non-interconnected area on the first surface side and a second non-interconnected area on the second surface side, the first interconnected area and the second non-interconnected area are both close to the first edge side, and the first non-interconnected area and the second interconnected area are both close to the second edge side.

[0015] In some embodiments, the gate line is located on one of the surface sides, and the gate line includes a first gate line and a second gate line arranged alternately along the second direction; the surface side on which the gate line is provided includes a first welding area and a second welding area arranged alternately along the second direction, the first welding area is used to position a component that collects currents on multiple first gate lines, and the second welding area is used to position a component that collects currents on multiple second gate lines; wherein each welding area includes the interconnected area and the non-interconnected area opposite to each other along the second direction, the interconnected area and the non-interconnected area are arranged alternately along the second direction, and the welding area is the first welding area or the second welding area.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, on the other hand, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a photovoltaic assembly, comprising: a cell string formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic cells as described above; a packaging film for covering the surface of the cell string; and a cover plate for covering the surface of the packaging film facing away from the cell string.

[0017] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has at least the following advantages: Compared to the two busbars extending in different directions in the oblique portion, the straight portion is a strip-shaped structure extending along the second direction. Thus, when the layout length along the second direction is consistent, the extension length of the straight portion is less than the extension length of the busbar. This, on the one hand, helps reduce the layout area occupied by the straight portion on the cell substrate, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the straight portion. On the other hand, it helps reduce the area of ​​the light-shielding area caused by the straight portion, so that more areas of the cell substrate are not blocked, thereby increasing the total amount of light received. Moreover, the component that subsequently electrically connects two adjacent photovoltaic cells is generally a soldering ribbon. Even if the soldering ribbon extends to part of the non-interconnected area, the orthographic projection of the soldering ribbon on the cell substrate mostly overlaps with the orthographic projection of the straight portion on the cell substrate, thus preventing excessive additional light-shielding areas on the cell substrate. Furthermore, unlike providing a straight-through portion in the non-interconnected area, an oblique-through portion is designed in the interconnected area, so that the overlap area between the orthographic projection of the oblique-through portion on the cell substrate and the orthographic projection of the soldering ribbon on the cell substrate is almost zero. This helps reduce the risk of the subsequent soldering ribbon exerting a large force on the oblique-through portion, thereby reducing the risk of the oblique-through portion breaking. Therefore, while the straight-through portion can be used to reduce the shading area of ​​the photovoltaic cell, the oblique-through portion can also be used to reduce the risk of its breaking, thereby preventing the inability to effectively collect carriers in the interconnected area. This allows the soldering ribbon to collect as many carriers as possible from each grid line, thereby not only improving the photovoltaic cell's photoelectric conversion efficiency by reducing the shading area, but also improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell by reducing the risk of breaking.

[0018] Furthermore, a connecting block is designed on the side of the through portion away from the cell substrate. Even if the subsequent welding strip extends to a part of the non-interconnected area and causes a large force on the non-interconnected area, the risk of the through portion breaking can be reduced by means of the connection and fixing effect of the connecting block on the through portion, thereby ensuring the effective collection of carriers in the non-interconnected area, thereby further improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell; moreover, the carriers collected by the through portion can be directly transmitted vertically to the welding strip along the first direction with the help of the connecting block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by the pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplified descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, the pictures in the drawings do not constitute a scale limitation. In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the traditional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A first partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 A second partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 A first partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of two adjacent photovoltaic cells after electrical connection provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 A second partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of two adjacent photovoltaic cells after electrical connection provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 A third partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 A fourth partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 7 A fifth partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 8 A first partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of three adjacent photovoltaic cells electrically connected according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 9 A second partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of three adjacent photovoltaic cells electrically connected according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 10 Another embodiment of the present application provides Figure 8 A schematic partial cross-sectional view of a corresponding photovoltaic module; Figure 11 Another embodiment of the present application provides Figure 9 A schematic partial cross-sectional view of the corresponding photovoltaic module.

[0021] Description of reference numerals: 100, battery substrate; 10, surface side; 110, first surface side; 120, second surface side; 11, interconnection area; 1101, first interconnection area; 1201, second interconnection area; 12, non-interconnection area; 1102, first non-interconnection area; 1202, second non-interconnection area; 13, connection area; 1103, first welding area; 1104, second welding area; 20, first edge side; 30, second edge side; 10 1. Gate line; 111. First gate line; 121. Second gate line; 102. Straight-through portion; 103. Connecting block; 104. Oblique-through portion; 114. Bus bar; 105. Solder pad; 115. First solder pad; 125. Second solder pad; 106. Solder block; 107. Solder point; 117. Solder line; 127. Extension line; 108. Connecting line; 40. Photovoltaic cell; 41. Encapsulation film; 42. Cover plate; 43. Solder ribbon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] As known from the background art, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells needs to be improved.

[0023] The disclosed embodiments provide a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module. In the photovoltaic cell, compared with the two busbars extending in different directions in the oblique portion, the straight portion is a strip-shaped structure extending along the second direction, which is beneficial to reducing the layout area occupied by the straight portion on the cell substrate, thereby reducing the preparation cost of the straight portion, and is beneficial to reducing the area of ​​the shading area caused by the straight portion, so that more areas in the cell substrate are not blocked, thereby increasing the total amount of light received. Moreover, even if the welding ribbon subsequently extends to part of the non-interconnected area, it will not cause too many additional shading areas on the cell substrate. In addition, unlike setting the straight portion on the non-interconnected area, the oblique portion is designed on the interconnected area, so that the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projection of the oblique portion on the cell substrate and the orthographic projection of the welding ribbon on the cell substrate is almost zero, which is beneficial to reducing the risk of the subsequent welding ribbon exerting a large force on the oblique portion, thereby reducing the risk of the oblique portion breaking. Therefore, while the straight-through portion can be used to reduce the shading area of ​​the photovoltaic cell, the inclined portion can be used to reduce its fracture risk to avoid the inability to effectively collect carriers in the interconnected area, so that the soldering ribbon can collect as many carriers as possible from each grid line. This not only improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell based on the reduction of the shading area, but also improves the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell based on the reduction of the fracture risk. Furthermore, a connecting block is designed on the side of the straight-through portion away from the cell substrate. Even if the subsequent soldering ribbon extends to a portion of the non-interconnected area and causes a large force on the non-interconnected area, the risk of the straight-through portion fracture can be reduced by the connecting and fixing effect of the connecting block on the straight-through portion, ensuring the effective collection of carriers in the non-interconnected area, thereby further improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell. Moreover, the carriers collected by the straight-through portion can be directly transmitted vertically to the soldering ribbon along the first direction by means of the connecting block.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0030] In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiments of the present application, the thickness and area of ​​the layers are exaggerated for better understanding and ease of description. When describing a component (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) as being on or on the surface of another component, the component may be "directly" located on the surface of the other component, or a third component may be present between the two components. Conversely, when describing a component as being on the surface of another component, or when describing a component as being formed or disposed on the surface of a component, it means that there is no third component between the two components. In addition, when describing a component as being "substantially" formed on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor is it formed on a portion of the edge of the entire surface.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, when a component "includes" another component, unless otherwise specified, other components are not excluded, and other components may be further included. In addition, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "on / located on" another component, it can be "directly on" the other component (i.e., located on the surface of the other component with no other components between them) or another component can be present between them. In addition, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is "directly on" another component, or when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is located on the surface of another component, it means that no other components are located between them.

[0032] The terms used herein in the description of the various embodiments are intended only to describe the specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various embodiments and the appended claims, "the component" is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. A component includes a layer, film, region, or plate.

[0033] The following describes various embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many technical details are provided in the various embodiments of the present disclosure to help readers better understand the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, even without these technical details and the various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0034] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic cell, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Combined with reference Figures 1 to 4 The photovoltaic cell includes: a cell substrate 100 having two surface sides 10 opposite to each other along a first direction X, at least one surface side 10 including an interconnected region 11 and a non-interconnected region 12 opposite to each other along a second direction Y, and a connection region 13 located between the interconnected region 11 and the non-interconnected region 12, the first direction X being the thickness direction of the cell substrate 100, and the second direction Y intersecting the first direction X; a plurality of grid lines 101 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, located on at least one surface side 10, and extending along a third direction Z; a through portion 102 located on the non-interconnected region 12, The straight-through portion 102 extends along the second direction Y; the connecting block 103 is located on the side of the straight-through portion 102 away from the battery substrate 100; the oblique through portion 104 is located on the interconnection area 11, and the oblique through portion 104 includes two bus bars 114 whose extension directions intersect, and the second direction Y, the third direction Z and the extension direction of the bus bars 114 are located on the same plane and intersect with each other; wherein, the interconnection area 11 is an area on the surface side 10 where components electrically connecting two adjacent photovoltaic cells are provided, and the non-interconnection area 12 is an area on the surface side 10 where components electrically connecting two adjacent photovoltaic cells are not provided.

[0036] in, Figure 1 A first partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 A second partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 A first partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of two adjacent photovoltaic cells after electrical connection provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 A second partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of two adjacent photovoltaic cells after electrical connection provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] It should be noted that Figures 1 to 4 The photovoltaic cells are cut off along the second direction Y by a cut-off wavy line to illustrate the non-interconnected area 12, the connected area 13 and the interconnected area 11 of the photovoltaic cells along the second direction Y; Figures 1 to 4 In each case, the photovoltaic cell is cut off along the third direction Z by another cut-off wavy line to indicate the two sides of the photovoltaic cell along the third direction Z; and Figures 1 to 4 In addition, based on the different types of photovoltaic cells, the arrangement of components such as the interconnected area 11, the non-interconnected area 12 and the grid line 101 on the surface side 10 will be different, and the following will be combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 Provide a detailed description of the different types of photovoltaic cells.

[0038] It is worth noting that, compared to the two busbars 114 extending in different directions in the oblique portion 104, the straight portion 102 is a strip-shaped structure extending along the second direction Y. Thus, when the layout lengths along the second direction Y are consistent, the extension length of the straight portion 102 is shorter than the extension length of the busbars 114. On the one hand, compared to the oblique portion 104, this helps reduce the layout area occupied by the straight portion 102 on the cell substrate 100, thereby reducing the material consumption of the straight portion 102 and thus reducing the manufacturing cost of the straight portion 102. On the other hand, compared to the oblique portion 104, this helps reduce the area of ​​the light-shielded area caused by the straight portion 102, so that more areas of the cell substrate 100 are not blocked, thereby increasing the total amount of light received by it.

[0039] Moreover, the subsequent component for electrically connecting two adjacent photovoltaic cells is generally a welding ribbon 43 (refer to Figure 3 or Figure 4), when subsequently setting the component that electrically connects two adjacent photovoltaic cells, namely the welding ribbon 43, the welding ribbon 43 needs to be located on the interconnection area 11 and the connection area 13. The opposite ends of the welding ribbon 43 along the second direction Y do not need to extend to the non-interconnection area 12. Even if the welding ribbon 43 extends to part of the non-interconnection area 12, the orthographic projection of the welding ribbon 43 on the cell substrate 100 mostly overlaps with the orthographic projection of the straight-through portion 102 on the cell substrate 100, and does not cause excessive additional light-shielding areas on the cell substrate 100. It is worth emphasizing that in order to clearly illustrate the layout position of the welding ribbon 43 on the photovoltaic cell, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The welding strip 43 is drawn in a perspective drawing manner.

[0040] Furthermore, since the interconnection region 11 is the area on the surface side 10 where components electrically connecting two adjacent photovoltaic cells are disposed, the soldering ribbon 43 extends along the second direction Y to be located on the two interconnection regions 11 of the two adjacent photovoltaic cells. Compared to the connection region 13, the interconnection region 11 is closer to the edge of the cell substrate 100. When the soldering ribbon 43 is subsequently soldered to the interconnection region 11, the soldering force exerted on the interconnection region 11 is greater, making it more susceptible to cracking or grid breakage. Therefore, unlike the straight-through portion 102 disposed on the non-interconnection region 12, an oblique through portion 104 is designed on the interconnection region 11. The second direction Y and the extension direction of the busbar 114 are located on the same plane and intersect. Therefore, the two intersecting busbars 114 in the oblique through portion 104 have different extension directions from the soldering ribbon 43. For example, the soldering ribbon 43 is disposed between two busbars 114 in the same oblique through portion 104. In other words, the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projection of the oblique portion 104 on the battery substrate 100 and the orthographic projection of the welding strip 43 on the battery substrate 100 is almost 0, and the oblique portion 104 will not be located directly below the welding strip 43, which is beneficial to reducing the risk of a large force on the oblique portion 104 when the welding strip 43 is subsequently welded to the interconnection area 11, thereby reducing the risk of the oblique portion 104 breaking.

[0041] It should be noted that multiple grid lines 101 are arranged at intervals in the interconnected area 11, the non-interconnected area 12, and the connection area 13. Generally speaking, the number of grid lines 101 located in the interconnected area 11 is less than the number of grid lines 101 located in the connection area 13, and the number of grid lines 101 located in the non-interconnected area 12 is less than the number of grid lines 101 located in the connection area 13. The straight portion 102 is electrically connected to the grid lines 101 located in the non-interconnected area 12 to collect carriers in the non-interconnected area 12, and the oblique portion 104 is electrically connected to the grid lines 101 located in the interconnected area 11 to collect carriers in the interconnected area 11. When the welding ribbon 43 is used to electrically connect two adjacent photovoltaic cells, the welding ribbon 43 exerts a greater force on the interconnected area 11 than on the non-interconnected area 12. Based on this, a straight-through portion 102 is designed on the non-interconnected area 12, and an oblique through portion 104 is designed on the interconnected area 11. This is beneficial for reducing the shading area of ​​the photovoltaic cell with the help of the straight-through portion 102, while reducing its fracture risk with the help of the oblique through portion 104 to avoid the inability to effectively collect carriers in the interconnected area 11, so that the welding strip 43 can collect as many carriers as possible in each grid line 101, thereby not only improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell based on the reduction of the shading area, but also improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell based on the reduction of the fracture risk.

[0042] Furthermore, a connecting block 103 is designed on the side of the straight-through portion 102 away from the cell substrate 100. Even if the subsequent welding strip 43 extends to a partial area of ​​the non-interconnected area 12 and causes a large force on the non-interconnected area 12, the risk of the straight-through portion 102 breaking can be reduced by means of the connection and fixing effect of the connecting block 103 on the straight-through portion 102, thereby ensuring the effective collection of carriers in the non-interconnected area, thereby further improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell; moreover, the carriers collected by the straight-through portion 102 can be directly transmitted vertically to the welding strip 43 along the first direction X with the help of the connecting block 103.

[0043] The photovoltaic cell provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 4 The situation where the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect includes: the first direction X and the second direction Y are orthogonal, or the angle formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y is an obtuse angle, or the angle formed by the situation where the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect is an acute angle.

[0045] In some cases, the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y may be 45° to 90°, for example, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, or 85°.

[0046] In some cases, the second direction Y, the third direction Z, and the extension direction of the bus bar 114 are located on the same plane and intersect each other, including: the second direction Y, the third direction Z, and the extension direction of the bus bar 114 are all perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0047] In one example, the second direction Y may be perpendicular to the third direction Z, and the angle formed by the extension direction of the busbar 114 and the second direction Y may be 30° to 60°, for example, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50° or 55°.

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 4 , along the third direction Z, the width of the through portion 102 can be greater than the width of the busbar 114. Based on the above analysis, when the welding ribbon 43 is subsequently welded to the photovoltaic cell, even if the welding ribbon 43 extends to part of the non-interconnected area 12 and exerts a large force on the non-interconnected area 12, the larger width of the through portion 102 can help reduce the risk of fracture due to the force and further reduce its own transmission resistance.

[0049] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 or Figure 2 , at least one of the multiple gate lines 101 connected to the bus line 114 will be disconnected at the bus line 114. In other words, along the third direction Z, at least one of the multiple gate lines 101 connected to the bus line 114 will not be arranged in the gap between two bus lines 114 in the same oblique portion 104.

[0050] In some cases, reference Figure 1 Among the multiple gate lines 101 connected to the bus line 114, the gate line 101 closer to the connection area 13 will be disconnected at the bus line 114. In other words, along the third direction Z, no gate line 101 will be set in the area close to the connection area 13 in the gap between two bus lines 114 in the same oblique portion 104.

[0051] In other cases, refer to Figure 2 , among the multiple grid lines 101 connected to the bus line 114, the grid line 101 closer to the edge of the photovoltaic cell will be disconnected at the bus line 114. In other words, along the third direction Z, no grid line 101 is provided near the edge of the photovoltaic cell in the interval between two bus lines 114 in the same oblique portion 104. In other embodiments, referring to Figure 3 or Figure 4 , the plurality of gate lines 101 connected to the bus lines 114 may all be located in the interval between two bus lines 114 in the same oblique portion 104 .

[0052] The number and arrangement of the connection blocks 103 are described in detail below.

[0053] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 5 The number of M connection blocks 103 that are in contact with and connected to a single through portion 102 can be multiple.

[0054] In some cases, reference Figures 1 to 4 , two adjacent connecting blocks 103 on the same straight portion 102 are arranged at intervals; in other cases, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a third partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which two adjacent connection blocks 103 located on the same through portion 102 are in contact and connected.

[0055] It should be noted that Figures 1 to 4 In the example, only two connection blocks 103 are connected to a single through portion 102 and the two connection blocks 103 are arranged at intervals. Figure 5 In the example, only three connection blocks 103 are in contact with a single straight-through portion 102, and the three connection blocks 103 are contacted and connected in sequence. In actual applications, the number of connection blocks in contact with a single straight-through portion can be flexibly designed based on the width of the non-interconnected area in the second direction.

[0056] In some examples, a single connection block 103 may contact and connect 1 to 3 gate lines 101. Figures 1 to 5 In the figure, only a single connection block 103 contacting and connecting 1 gate line 101 is taken as an example.

[0057] In some cases, reference Figures 1 to 4 The orthographic projection areas of the plurality of connection blocks 103 that are in contact with and connected to a single through portion 102 on the battery substrate 100 may be the same.

[0058] In other cases, refer to Figure 5 Because the number of grid lines 101 required to be fed by the through-hole 102 gradually decreases as it moves away from the connection area 13, and the effect of the soldering ribbon 43 on the through-hole gradually decreases when it is subsequently soldered to the photovoltaic cell, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the multiple connecting blocks contacting and connecting a single through-hole can be designed to gradually decrease as it moves away from the connection area. This helps to minimize the light-shielding area caused by the connecting blocks while ensuring their connection and fixation to the through-hole. It also reduces the materials required to prepare the connecting blocks, thereby reducing their production costs.

[0059] The orthographic projection shape of the connection block 103 will be described in detail below.

[0060] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 5The orthographic projection of the connecting block 103 on the surface side 10 can be a quadrilateral, with one diagonal of the quadrilateral located in the orthographic projection of the through portion 102 on the surface side 10. This helps to maximize the contact area between the connecting block 103 and the through portion 102 while improving the connection and fixation effect of the through portion 102 with the connecting block 103. In other words, the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projections of the connecting block 103 and the through portion 102 on the battery substrate 100 is maximized, thereby minimizing the additional light-shielding area of ​​the battery substrate 100 caused by the provision of the connecting block 103.

[0061] It should be noted that Figures 1 to 5 In the figure, the orthographic projection shape of the connecting block 103 on the surface side 10 is a rhombus as an example. In practical applications, the quadrilateral includes but is not limited to a rhombus, and can also be a rectangle or other parallelograms besides a rhombus.

[0062] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a fourth partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The photovoltaic cell may further include: a first soldering pad 115 that is in contact with and connected to the straight-through portion 102, and is located on an area of ​​the connection area 13 close to the non-interconnected area 12; a second soldering pad 125 that is in contact with and connected to the oblique through portion 104, and is located on an area of ​​the connection area 13 close to the interconnected area 11; wherein the first soldering pad 115 is in contact with and connected to at least one gate line 101, and the second soldering pad 125 is in contact with and connected to at least one gate line 101.

[0063] It is worth noting that in order to facilitate the subsequent passing of the welding strip 43 (reference Figure 3 or Figure 4) to achieve electrical connection between two adjacent photovoltaic cells. For any welding ribbon 43, one end of the ribbon 43 can serve as the starting weld end, and the other end as the tail weld end. The area of ​​the photovoltaic cell corresponding to the starting weld end of the ribbon 43 can be considered the starting weld, i.e., the point where welding begins; the area of ​​the photovoltaic cell corresponding to the tail weld end of the ribbon 43 can be considered the tail weld, i.e., the point where welding ends. Generally speaking, the ribbon 43 exerts a greater force on the starting and tail welds of the photovoltaic cell than on other areas of the ribbon 43 corresponding to the photovoltaic cell. Based on this, the first soldering pad 115 that is in contact with the through portion 102 can be regarded as a starting point for soldering or a tail point for soldering, so that the connection area between the end of the soldering ribbon 43 and the photovoltaic cell can be increased with the help of the first soldering pad 115, thereby avoiding the problem of cold soldering or desoldering caused by the soldering ribbon 43 exerting too much force on the first soldering pad 115 which serves as a starting point for soldering or a tail point, so as to improve the connection stability between the soldering ribbon 43 and the photovoltaic cell; moreover, it is beneficial to improve the alignment accuracy between the soldering ribbon 43 and the first soldering pad 115 and reduce the transmission resistance of the first soldering pad 115 itself with the help of the larger size of the first soldering pad 115. Furthermore, even if the soldering ribbon 43 extends to a partial area of ​​the non-interconnected area 12, the carriers collected by the straight-through portion 102 can not only be directly transmitted vertically to the soldering ribbon 43 along the first direction X with the help of the connecting block 103, but can also be first transmitted horizontally to the first soldering pad 115 and then vertically transmitted to the soldering ribbon 43 along the first direction X, thereby increasing the transmission path of the carriers in the battery substrate 100 to the soldering ribbon 43; if the soldering ribbon 43 does not extend to the non-interconnected area 12, the carriers collected by the straight-through portion 102 can also be first transmitted horizontally to the first soldering pad 115 and then vertically transmitted to the soldering ribbon 43 along the first direction X, so as to ensure that the soldering ribbon 43 collects the carriers in the non-interconnected area 12.

[0064] In addition, at the junction of two adjacent photovoltaic cells, the soldering ribbon 43 is electrically connected to both interconnection regions 11 of the two adjacent photovoltaic cells. Due to variations in the arrangement of the two adjacent photovoltaic cells, such as whether the front and back faces are facing the same or different directions, the soldering ribbon 43 may deform, such as bend, at the gap between the two adjacent photovoltaic cells. As a result, the soldering ribbon 43 exerts a significant force on the two interconnection regions 11 of the two adjacent photovoltaic cells. A second soldering pad 125 is provided in the connection region 13 near the interconnection region 11, and is contacted and connected to the oblique portion 104. This second soldering pad 125 can increase the connection area between the soldering ribbon 43 and the interconnection region 11, thereby preventing problems such as cold solder joints or desoldering caused by excessive force exerted by the soldering ribbon 43 on the interconnection region 11, thereby improving the connection stability between the soldering ribbon 43 and the photovoltaic cell. Furthermore, the larger size of the second soldering pad 125 can be used to improve the alignment accuracy between the soldering ribbon 43 and the second soldering pad 125 and reduce the transmission resistance of the second soldering pad 125 itself.

[0065] In some cases, reference Figure 6The first pads 115 and the straight-through portions 102 may correspond one to one, and the second pads 125 and the oblique-through portions 104 may correspond one to one.

[0066] In some cases, reference Figure 6 , the first pad 115 can be in contact with and connected to 2 to 3 gate lines 101, and the second pad 125 can also be in contact with and connected to 2 to 3 gate lines 101. It should be noted that, Figure 6 In the figure, only the first pad 115 is in contact with and connected to two gate lines 101 , and the second pad 125 is in contact with and connected to two gate lines 101 is taken as an example.

[0067] In some cases, reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a fifth partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The photovoltaic cell may also include: a plurality of welding blocks 106 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, the welding blocks 106 are located between the first welding pad 115 and the second welding pad 125 adjacent to each other along the second direction Y, and the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding block 106 on the surface side 10 is smaller than the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding pad 105 on the surface side 10, and is also smaller than the orthographic projection area of ​​the second welding pad 125 on the surface side 10, and the welding pad 105 is the first welding pad 115 or the second welding pad 125.

[0068] It is worth noting that the welding strip 43 (refer to Figure 3 or Figure 4 ) is generally a very long strip-shaped structure. Based on this, the welding ribbon 43 will undergo a certain degree of deformation within a certain extension length due to the influence of its own gravity and internal stress, thereby affecting the alignment accuracy of the welding ribbon 43 and the photovoltaic cell, and causing a greater force on the photovoltaic cell at the deformation point. To this end, two welding blocks 106 are set within the unit length of the welding ribbon 43 where it is easy to deform on its own. The welding blocks 106 fix the welding ribbon 43 to avoid the reduction in alignment accuracy caused by the self-deformation of the welding ribbon 43, such as avoiding the deviation of the welding ribbon 43, thereby ensuring a high connection accuracy between the welding ribbon 43 and the photovoltaic cell. In addition, the welding blocks 106 are used to resist the greater force caused by the self-deformation of the welding ribbon 43, so as to stabilize the connection between the welding ribbon 43 and the welding blocks 106, thereby further improving the connection stability between the welding ribbon 43 and the photovoltaic cell.

[0069] In addition, compared with the starting point of welding, the tail point of welding or the interconnection area 11 between two adjacent photovoltaic cells, the welding block 106 located on the connection area 13 is less subject to external forces, so the probability of cold welding or desoldering between the welding ribbon 43 and the welding block 106 is smaller. Therefore, the design of the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding block 106 on the surface side 10 is smaller than the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding pad 105 on the surface side 10, which is beneficial to stabilize the connection between the welding ribbon 43 and the welding block 106 while reducing the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding block 106 on the surface side 10 as much as possible, so as to reduce the shading area caused by the welding block 106 and reduce the preparation cost of the welding block 106.

[0070] In some examples, reference Figure 7 , 3 to 8 welding blocks 106 may be arranged between the first welding pad 115 and the second welding pad 125 adjacent to each other along the second direction Y. It should be noted that, Figure 7 Only one welding block 106 between the first welding pad 115 and the second welding pad 125 adjacent to each other along the second direction Y is illustrated.

[0071] In some examples, reference Figure 7 The orthographic projection areas of the first solder pad 115 and the second solder pad 125 on the battery substrate 100 may be equal, and both may be larger than the orthographic projection area of ​​the solder block 106 on the battery substrate 100 .

[0072] In some examples, reference Figure 7 The orthographic projection area of ​​the connecting block 103 on the surface side 10 can be less than or equal to the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding block 106 on the surface side 10. In this way, while ensuring that the through portion 102 is prevented from breaking as much as possible by the connecting block 103, the additional increase in the light-shielding area caused by the connecting block 103 is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the connecting block 103 is reduced.

[0073] In some examples, reference Figure 7 The ratio of the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding block 106 on the surface side 10 to the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding pad 105 on the surface side 10 can be 0.25~0.625, for example, it can be 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55 or 0.6, etc.

[0074] In some examples, the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding block 106 on the surface side 10 may be 0.5 mm 2 ~1.2mm 2 , for example, it can be 0.55mm 2 , 0.6mm 2 , 0.65mm 2 , 0.7mm 2 , 0.75mm 2 , 0.8mm 2, 0.85mm 2 , 0.9mm 2 , 0.95mm 2 , 1mm 2 , 1.05mm 2 , 1.1mm 2 or 1.15mm 2 etc.; The orthographic projection area of ​​the pad 105 on the surface side 10 is 0.48mm 2 ~1.2mm 2 , for example, it can be 0.5mm 2 , 0.6mm 2 , 0.7mm 2 , 0.8mm 2 , 0.9mm 2 , 1mm 2 or 1.1mm 2 wait.

[0075] In some examples, reference Figure 7 Along the third direction Z, the length of the welding block 106 and the length of the pad 105 can be equal, and along the second direction Y, the width of the welding block 106 is smaller than the length of the pad 105.

[0076] In one example, along the third direction Z, the length of the welding block 106 and the length of the welding pad 105 can both be 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, for example, 0.85 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.95 mm, 1 mm, 1.05 mm, 1.1 mm or 1.15 mm.

[0077] In one example, along the second direction Y, the width of the welding block 106 can be 0.2mm~0.5mm, for example, it can be 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm or 0.45mm, etc.; along the second direction Y, the width of the pad 105 can be 0.6mm~1mm, for example, it can be 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm or 0.95mm, etc.

[0078] In some cases, continue to refer to Figure 7The photovoltaic cell may further include: a plurality of welding points 107 spaced apart along the second direction Y, wherein the welding points 107 are located between a first welding pad 115 and a second welding pad 125 adjacent to each other along the second direction Y, and a single welding point 107 is in contact with a single grid line 101; wherein the welding points 107 include a welding line 117 extending along the third direction Z and an extension line 127 extending along the second direction Y, and two opposite sections of the welding line 117 along the third direction Z are each in contact with an extension line 127. In this way, the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding points 107 on the cell substrate 100 is similar to an I-shape, wherein the welding lines 117 mainly serve to contact and connect with the grid line 101 to collect carriers, and the extension lines 127 mainly serve to enhance the subsequent welding strips 43 (refer to Figure 3 or Figure 4 ) and solder joints 107. This helps ensure good connection strength between solder ribbon 43 and solder joints 107 by rationally arranging the orthographic projection of solder joints 107, while also reducing light-shielding areas caused by solder joints 107 and lowering the manufacturing cost of solder joints 107. Furthermore, the design of solder joints 107 allows for busbar-less photovoltaic cells, further reducing the manufacturing cost of photovoltaic cells.

[0079] In other cases, refer to Figures 1 to 6 The welding point 107 may also be a long strip structure extending along the third direction Z.

[0080] In some examples, continue to refer to Figure 7 The photovoltaic cell may further include: a connecting line 108 extending in the second direction Y, located between two adjacent welding points 107 along the second direction Y, and in contact with two adjacent welding lines 117 along the second direction Y. In this way, the connecting line 108 can directly connect the subsequent welding strip 43 (reference Figure 3 or Figure 4 ) A solder joint 107 with a cold joint, leaky solder joint, or desoldering problem is electrically connected to another solder joint 107. Even if some solder joints 107 have poor contact with the solder ribbon 43 and cannot transfer carriers to the solder ribbon 43, these solder joints 107 can still transfer the carriers directly to another solder joint 107 via the connecting wire 108, and then transfer them to the solder ribbon 43. In other words, the design of the connecting wire 108 helps further ensure that the subsequent solder ribbon 43 can collect carriers from all busbars 101, thereby further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the busbarless photovoltaic cell.

[0081] It should be noted that Figure 6 and Figure 7 The photovoltaic cells are cut off along the second direction Y by a cut-off wavy line to illustrate the non-interconnected area 12, the connected area 13 and the interconnected area 11 of the photovoltaic cells along the second direction Y; Figure 6 and Figure 7In the figure, the photovoltaic cell is cut off along the third direction Z by another cut-off wavy line to indicate the two sides of the photovoltaic cell along the third direction Z.

[0082] The surface side 10 , the interconnection region 11 , the non-interconnection region 12 , and the gate line 101 are described in detail below based on different types of photovoltaic cells.

[0083] In some embodiments, in conjunction with reference Figure 3 and Figure 8 The photovoltaic cell is a cell having grid lines 101 on both sides, such as a TOPcon cell; the cell substrate 100 includes a first edge side 20 and a second edge side 30 opposite to each other along a second direction Y, and two surface sides 10 opposite to each other along a first direction X are respectively a first surface side 110 and a second surface side 120; the grid lines 101 include a first grid line 111 located on the first surface side 110, and a second grid line 121 located on the second surface side 120; in the same photovoltaic cell, the interconnected region 11 includes a first interconnected region 1101 on the first surface side 110 and a second interconnected region 1201 on the second surface side 120, and the non-interconnected region 12 includes a first non-interconnected region 1102 on the first surface side 110 and a second non-interconnected region 1202 on the second surface side 120, the first interconnected region 1101 and the second non-interconnected region 1202 are both close to the first edge side 20, and the first non-interconnected region 1102 and the second interconnected region 1201 are both close to the second edge side 30.

[0084] in, Figure 8 This is a first partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of three adjacent photovoltaic cells electrically connected according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; in addition, Figure 3 The soldering ribbon 43 is cut off along the second direction Y by a cut-off wavy line, so as to indicate that the soldering ribbon 43 is bent in the gap between two adjacent photovoltaic cells, from the first surface side 110 to the second surface side 120 .

[0085] Based on this, for the first surface side 110 and the second surface side 120 of the same photovoltaic cell, the interconnected regions 11 are staggered, and the non-interconnected regions 12 are also staggered. For example, the first interconnected region 1101 of the first surface side 110 and the second non-interconnected region 1202 of the second surface side 120 are directly opposite each other along the first direction X, and the first non-interconnected region 1102 of the first surface side 110 and the second interconnected region 1201 of the second surface side 120 are directly opposite each other along the first direction X.

[0086] It's worth noting that when the first surface sides 110 of adjacent photovoltaic cells are on the same side, the soldering ribbon 43 connecting the adjacent photovoltaic cells needs to bend from the first surface side 110 to the second surface side 120 at the gap between the adjacent photovoltaic cells. Consequently, the soldering ribbon 43 exerts a significant force on the two interconnection regions 11 of the adjacent photovoltaic cells. To address this, an oblique portion 104 is designed on the interconnection region 11 to prevent the soldering ribbon 43 from being directly aligned with the busbar 114, ensuring that the oblique portion 104 effectively collects carriers in the interconnection region 11. Furthermore, a straight portion 102 is provided on the non-interconnection region 12 to avoid creating excessive light-shielding areas on the cell substrate 100.

[0087] In some embodiments, reference Figure 9 , Figure 9 A second partial cross-sectional schematic diagram after electrical connection of three adjacent photovoltaic cells is provided for an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the photovoltaic cell is a cell having a grid line 101 on a single side, such as a BC cell; the grid line 101 is located on a surface side 10, and the grid line 101 includes a first grid line 111 and a second grid line 121 alternately arranged along a second direction Y; the surface side 10 provided with the grid line 101 includes a first welding area 1103 and a second welding area 1104 alternately arranged along the second direction Y, the first welding area 1103 is used to position a component that collects currents on multiple first grid lines 111, and the second welding area 1104 is used to position a component that collects currents on multiple second grid lines 121; wherein each welding area includes an interconnected area 11 and a non-interconnected area 12 opposite to each other along the second direction Y, the interconnected area 11 and the non-interconnected area 12 are alternately arranged along the second direction Y, and the welding area is the first welding area 1103 or the second welding area 1104.

[0088] It should be noted that, for any photovoltaic cell, a single welding area corresponds to a welding strip 43. Figure 9 In the example, only a single welding ribbon 43 is located on the two first welding areas 1103 of two adjacent photovoltaic cells, or a single welding ribbon 43 is located on the two second welding areas 1104 of two adjacent photovoltaic cells to achieve parallel connection of adjacent photovoltaic cells. In actual applications, a single welding ribbon can also be located on the first welding area of ​​one of the two adjacent photovoltaic cells and the second welding area of ​​the other to achieve series connection of adjacent photovoltaic cells. Figure 9 In the example, the first welding areas 1103 of two adjacent photovoltaic cells are facing each other along the second direction Y, and the second welding areas 1104 of two adjacent photovoltaic cells are facing each other along the second direction Y. In actual applications, the first welding area of ​​one of the two adjacent photovoltaic cells can be facing each other along the second direction.

[0089] also, Figure 9In the figure, denser dotted lines are used to divide a single photovoltaic cell into a first welding area 1103 , a second welding area 1104 , an interconnected area 11 and a non-interconnected area 12 included in the first welding area 1103 , and an interconnected area 11 and a non-interconnected area 12 included in the second welding area 1104 .

[0090] It is worth noting that when the first surface sides 110 of adjacent photovoltaic cells are on the same side, the welding ribbon 43 can be laid flat on the two adjacent photovoltaic cells.

[0091] In summary, compared to the two busbars 114 extending in different directions in the oblique portion 104, the straight portion 102 is a strip-shaped structure extending along the second direction Y. Thus, when the layout lengths along the second direction Y are consistent, the extension length of the straight portion 102 is less than the extension length of the busbars 114. This, on the one hand, helps reduce the layout area occupied by the straight portion 102 on the cell substrate 100, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the straight portion 102. On the other hand, it helps reduce the area of ​​the light-shielding region caused by the straight portion 102, allowing more areas of the cell substrate 100 to be unblocked, thereby increasing the total amount of light received. Furthermore, the component that subsequently electrically connects two adjacent photovoltaic cells is generally a soldering ribbon 43. Even if the soldering ribbon 43 extends to a portion of the non-interconnected region 12, the orthographic projection of the soldering ribbon 43 on the cell substrate 100 largely overlaps with the orthographic projection of the straight portion 102 on the cell substrate 100, thus preventing the creation of excessive additional light-shielding regions on the cell substrate 100. Furthermore, unlike providing a straight-through portion 102 on the non-interconnected region 12, an oblique portion 104 is designed on the interconnected region 11, so that the overlap area between the orthographic projection of the oblique portion 104 on the cell substrate 100 and the orthographic projection of the welding ribbon 43 on the cell substrate 100 is almost zero. This helps reduce the risk of the subsequent welding ribbon 43 exerting a large force on the oblique portion 104, thereby reducing the risk of the oblique portion 104 breaking. Therefore, while the straight-through portion 102 reduces the shading area of ​​the photovoltaic cell, the oblique portion 104 also reduces its breakage risk to prevent the ineffective collection of carriers in the interconnected region 11. This allows the welding ribbon 43 to collect as many carriers as possible from each grid line 101. This not only improves the photovoltaic cell's photoelectric conversion efficiency by reducing the shading area, but also improves the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell by reducing the risk of breakage.

[0092] Furthermore, a connecting block 103 is designed on the side of the straight-through portion 102 away from the cell substrate 100. Even if the subsequent welding strip 43 extends to a partial area of ​​the non-interconnected area 12 and causes a large force on the non-interconnected area 12, the risk of the straight-through portion 102 breaking can be reduced by means of the connection and fixing effect of the connecting block 103 on the straight-through portion 102, thereby ensuring the effective collection of carriers in the non-interconnected area, thereby further improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic cell; moreover, the carriers collected by the straight-through portion 102 can be directly transmitted vertically to the welding strip 43 along the first direction X with the help of the connecting block 103.

[0093] Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic module, which is formed by connecting multiple photovoltaic cells provided in the above embodiments. The photovoltaic module provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that parts that are identical or corresponding to the above embodiments are not repeated here.

[0094] Combined with reference Figures 1 to 11 The photovoltaic module includes: a cell string, which is formed by connecting multiple photovoltaic cells 40 provided by the aforementioned embodiments; a packaging film 41, which is used to cover the surface of the cell string; and a cover plate 42, which is used to cover the surface of the packaging film 41 away from the cell string.

[0095] in, Figure 10 Another embodiment of the present application provides Figure 8 A schematic partial cross-sectional view of a corresponding photovoltaic module; Figure 11 Another embodiment of the present application provides Figure 9 A schematic partial cross-sectional view of the corresponding photovoltaic module.

[0096] In some embodiments, in conjunction with reference Figure 8 、 Figure 10 as well as Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figures 5 to 7 The photovoltaic cell 40 is a cell having grid lines 101 on both sides, including but not limited to a TOPcon cell, a PERC cell or a heterojunction cell.

[0097] It should be noted that, in conjunction with the reference Figure 3 、 Figure 8 or Figure 10 , multiple photovoltaic cells 40 can be electrically connected through welding ribbons 43. Figure 3 、 Figure 8 and Figure 10Only one positional relationship between the photovoltaic cells 40 is illustrated, i.e., the gridlines of the same polarity of the photovoltaic cells 40 are arranged in the same direction, or in other words, the first surface side 110 of each photovoltaic cell 40 having the first gridline 111 is arranged toward the same side, so that the welding ribbon 43 connects different sides of two adjacent photovoltaic cells 40. In other embodiments, the photovoltaic cells can also be arranged with the gridlines of different polarities facing the same side, i.e., the gridlines of multiple adjacent photovoltaic cells on the same side are arranged in the order of first gridline, second gridline, and first gridline, so that the welding ribbon connects two adjacent photovoltaic cells on the same side.

[0098] In other embodiments, in combination with reference Figure 9 、 Figure 11 as well as Figure 4 The photovoltaic cell 40 is a BC cell, and BC cells include but are not limited to IBC cells (Interdigitated Back Contact), HBC cells (Heterojunction Back Contact), TBC cells (TOPCon Back Contact), or HPBC cells (Hybrid Passivated Back Contact). In addition, the photovoltaic cell 40 is electrically connected in the form of a whole piece or multiple slices to form multiple cell strings, and the multiple cell strings are electrically connected in series and / or parallel. The photovoltaic cell 40 can be a whole cell or a sliced ​​cell. A sliced ​​cell refers to a cell formed by a complete whole cell through a cutting process.

[0099] It should be noted that, in conjunction with the reference Figure 4 、 Figure 9 or Figure 11 , multiple photovoltaic cells 40 can be electrically connected through welding ribbons 43. Figure 9 and Figure 11 Only one positional relationship between the photovoltaic cells 40 is illustrated, i.e., the grid lines of each photovoltaic cell 40 are arranged on the same side, so that the welding ribbons 43 connect the same side of two adjacent photovoltaic cells 40. In other embodiments, the photovoltaic cells can also be arranged such that the grid lines of two adjacent photovoltaic cells are located on different sides, and the welding ribbons connect two adjacent photovoltaic cells on different sides.

[0100] In some embodiments, the encapsulation film 41 includes a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer, wherein the first encapsulation layer covers one of the front and back sides of the photovoltaic cell 40, and the second encapsulation layer covers the other of the front and back sides of the photovoltaic cell 40. Specifically, at least one of the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer can be an organic encapsulation film such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, polyethylene octene co-elastomer (POE) film, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, or at least one of the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer can also be an EP film, EPE film, or PVP film. Among them, EP film refers to a co-extruded film composed of stacked EVA film and POE film, EPE film refers to a co-extruded film formed by stacking EVA film + POE film + EVA film in sequence, and PVP film refers to a co-extruded film formed by stacking POE film + EVA film + POE film. Co-extruded films can be prepared by sequentially extruding one or more raw materials onto another already manufactured film during the film processing process, or by bonding different types of already manufactured films together.

[0101] In some cases, there is a boundary line between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer before lamination. After the lamination process, the photovoltaic module is formed and there is no longer the concept of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer, that is, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer have formed an integral encapsulation film 41.

[0102] In some embodiments, the cover plate 42 may be a light-transmitting cover plate such as a glass cover plate or a plastic cover plate. Specifically, the surface of the cover plate 42 facing the encapsulation film 41 may have a concave-convex surface or a velvet surface including multiple raised structures, thereby increasing the utilization of incident light. The cover plate 42 includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate. The first cover plate faces the first encapsulation layer, and the second cover plate faces the second encapsulation layer.

[0103] In some cases, the surface of the photovoltaic cell 40 has multiple fine grids spaced apart along the second direction. In the process of constructing a cell string using the photovoltaic cell 40, the welding ribbon 43 is electrically connected to the multiple fine grids on each photovoltaic cell 40 of two adjacent photovoltaic cells 40.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present disclosure, and in actual applications, various changes may be made to them in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present disclosure shall be based on the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell, characterized in that: include: A battery substrate having two surface sides opposite to each other along a first direction, at least one of the surface sides including an interconnected region and a non-interconnected region opposite to each other along a second direction, and a connection region located between the interconnected region and the non-interconnected region, wherein the first direction is a thickness direction of the battery substrate, and the second direction intersects the first direction; a plurality of grid lines arranged at intervals along the second direction, located on at least one of the surface sides, the grid lines extending along a third direction; a straight-through portion located on the non-interconnected area, the straight-through portion extending along the second direction; a connecting block, located on a side of the through portion away from the battery substrate; an oblique passage portion located on the interconnection area, the oblique passage portion including two bus lines extending in intersecting directions, the second direction, the third direction, and the extending direction of the bus lines being located on the same plane and intersecting in pairs; The interconnected area is an area on the surface side where a component electrically connecting two adjacent photovoltaic cells is provided, and the non-interconnected area is an area on the surface side where no component electrically connecting two adjacent photovoltaic cells is provided.

2. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that There are multiple connection blocks in contact with a single straight-through portion; wherein, two adjacent connection blocks on the same straight-through portion are arranged at intervals, or two adjacent connection blocks on the same straight-through portion are in contact with each other.

3. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The orthographic projection shape of the connection block on the surface side is a quadrilateral, and one diagonal line of the quadrilateral is located in the orthographic projection of the through portion on the surface side.

4. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: A first pad in contact with the through portion and located on a region of the connection region close to the non-interconnection region; A second pad in contact with the oblique through portion and located in a region of the connection region close to the interconnection region; The first pad is connected to at least one gate line, and the second pad is connected to at least one gate line.

5. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 4, characterized in that Also includes: A plurality of welding blocks are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the welding blocks are located between the first welding pad and the second welding pad adjacent to each other along the second direction, and the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding blocks on the surface side is smaller than the orthographic projection area of ​​the welding pad on the surface side, and the welding pad is the first welding pad or the second welding pad.

6. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that An orthographic projection area of ​​the connection block on the surface side is smaller than or equal to an orthographic projection area of ​​the welding block on the surface side.

7. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A ratio of an orthographic projection area of ​​the solder bump on the surface side to an orthographic projection area of ​​the pad on the surface side is 0.25 to 0.

625.

8. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: Also includes: a plurality of solder joints arranged at intervals along the second direction, wherein the solder joints are located between the first solder pad and the second solder pad adjacent to each other along the second direction, and a single solder joint is in contact with and connected to a single gate line; The welding point includes a welding line extending along the third direction and an extension line extending along the second direction, and two opposite sections of the welding line along the third direction are respectively in contact with and connected to one of the extension lines.

9. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 8, characterized in that Also includes: The connecting line extending along the second direction is located between two adjacent welding points along the second direction, and is in contact with and connected to the two adjacent welding lines along the second direction.

10. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery substrate comprises a first edge side and a second edge side opposite to each other along the second direction, and the two surface sides opposite to each other along the first direction are respectively a first surface side and a second surface side; The gate lines include a first gate line located on the first surface side, and a second gate line located on the second surface side; In the same photovoltaic cell, the interconnected area includes a first interconnected area on the first surface side and a second interconnected area on the second surface side, the non-interconnected area includes a first non-interconnected area on the first surface side and a second non-interconnected area on the second surface side, the first interconnected area and the second non-interconnected area are both close to the first edge side, and the first non-interconnected area and the second interconnected area are both close to the second edge side.

11. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The gate lines are located on one of the surface sides, and the gate lines include first gate lines and second gate lines alternately arranged along the second direction; the surface side provided with the gate lines includes first welding areas and second welding areas alternately arranged along the second direction, the first welding areas being used to position a component for collecting currents on a plurality of the first gate lines, and the second welding areas being used to position a component for collecting currents on a plurality of the second gate lines; Each welding area includes the interconnected area and the non-interconnected area opposite to each other along the second direction, the interconnected area and the non-interconnected area are alternately arranged along the second direction, and the welding area is the first welding area or the second welding area.

12. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A cell string, formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic cells according to any one of claims 1 to 11; A packaging film, used to cover the surface of the battery string; A cover plate is used to cover the surface of the packaging film facing away from the battery string.

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