Intelligent control system for field operation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent screening, in particular to a field operation intelligent control system which comprises a harvesting adjusting module, an environment monitoring module, a crop monitoring module, a crop conveying module, a screening monitoring module and a screening control module. The harvesting adjusting module can transport harvested crops to a field material grading and screening position, the environment monitoring module obtains environment data, the crop monitoring module determines the characterization state of the crops and determines the pressure of a pressure roller, and the screening control module is provided with a camera used for obtaining corresponding crop falling videos. And determining a screening adjustment strategy. According to the invention, crops are harvested and analyzed in a targeted manner, and screening parameters are adjusted, so that the crop screening efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent screening, and in particular to an intelligent control system for field operations. Background Art

[0002] When harvesting different varieties of crops, due to differences in their maturity periods, the crops grow at different heights. Harvesting often involves varying degrees of dryness and wetness in the cobs, resulting in incomplete husk removal. For example, a harvester encountering early-ripening corn will experience significant kernel loss, while the same operation may result in incomplete husk removal when harvesting late-ripening corn. Prior art approaches to this problem often employ graded screening technology. While this approach improves impurity separation capabilities by introducing a mechatronic solution that combines a vibrating screen with airflow classification, it still faces issues such as high energy consumption and insufficient compatibility. Currently, intelligent sensing technologies are gradually being integrated, enabling multi-dimensional, precise classification such as quality defect detection, but challenges remain.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN114522871A discloses a crop harvesting device with screening and grading functions. The device includes a mounting frame fixedly connected to a connecting block, which is fixedly connected to a ring. The ring is rotatably connected to a rotating disk and a screening drum via a connecting protrusion. The rotating disk is movably connected to a connecting shaft via a connecting rod. The rotating disk is threadedly connected to a threaded ring via a threaded rod. The screening drum has a slot, the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to a spiral plate, the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to a clamping rod, the screening drum is movably sleeved with a connecting disk, the connecting disk is fixedly connected to a connecting bar, the connecting disk is fixedly connected to a second discharge pipe, the mounting frame has a connecting slot, and the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the first discharge pipe. The device is capable of screening and grading crop particles and transporting them in a classified manner during the crop harvesting process.

[0004] It can be seen that the prior art has the following problems: During harvesting and screening, no consideration was given to initial screening of impurities and broken crops when the crops were fed, and the screening parameters were adjusted according to monitoring data during the screening process, resulting in low screening efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides an intelligent control system for field operations to overcome the problem of low screening efficiency caused by not considering the initial screening of impurities and broken crops when crops are fed during harvesting and screening, and adjusting the screening parameters according to monitoring data during the screening process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an intelligent control system for field operations, comprising: A harvesting and adjustment module, used for harvesting crops and transporting the crops to a field material grading and screening location; An environmental monitoring module is used to obtain environmental data at the field material grading and screening location, the environmental data including temperature data and humidity data; A crop monitoring module is used to obtain a video feed of the crop at the feed end to determine the crop characterization status and determine the pressure of the pressure roller; a crop conveying module, connected to the environmental monitoring module and the crop monitoring module, for conveying the crops to the feed port of the multi-layer screen; a screening monitoring module connected to the crop conveying module, comprising an impurity monitoring unit for detecting impurity concentrations during crop screening and a video monitoring unit for detecting video of crops falling below the supporting surfaces of each layer of screens during screening; a screening control module connected to the crop conveying module and the screening monitoring module, configured to determine a crop conveying suction force based on the environmental data, modify the crop conveying suction force based on the impurity concentration, determine a screening trend based on the crop falling video, and determine a screening adjustment strategy based on the crop conveying suction force; The screening adjustment strategy includes adjusting the crop conveying suction force and adjusting the screen surface vibration parameters.

[0007] Furthermore, the crop conveying module includes a vacuum adsorption belt conveyor and a pressure roller, wherein: The conveyor belt of the vacuum adsorption belt conveyor is a porous conveyor belt, and the opening rate of the porous conveyor belt is greater than 50%, so as to absorb impurities in crops; The pressure roller is located on a side of the porous conveyor belt close to the crops, and is used to apply pressure to the crops to disperse the clumped crops; The axial direction of the pressure roller is parallel to the conveying plane of the porous conveyor belt and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the porous conveyor belt.

[0008] Furthermore, the screening monitoring module includes an impurity monitoring unit and a video monitoring unit, wherein: The impurity monitoring unit includes at least one impurity monitoring sensor, which is located on the inner wall of the screen box of the multi-layer screen and is used to obtain the impurity concentration during crop screening; The video monitoring unit includes a plurality of high-definition and high-speed cameras located on the inner wall of the multi-layer screen and on one side of the support surface of each layer of screen. The line formed by the high-definition and high-speed cameras is parallel to the line connecting the center points of each screen to capture the corresponding crop falling video; The number of the high-definition and high-speed cameras is equal to the number of the screen meshes of the multi-layer screen.

[0009] Furthermore, the screening control module pre-stores a crop suction comparison table.

[0010] Furthermore, the crop monitoring module is used to obtain a video of the crops at the feeding end to determine the characteristic state of the crops and the pressure of the pressure roller, including: for determining a plurality of crop feed frames based on a feed video of the crop; for determining a key feeding frame in the crop feeding frame according to a crop conveying speed; inputting the key feed frames into a machine learning model to determine a representative state of the crop; for determining the pressure of the pressure roller according to the determination result of the agglomeration state and the average agglomeration area; for determining that the pressure of the pressure roller is zero according to the determination result of the dispersion state; The characterization states include agglomeration state and dispersion state.

[0011] Furthermore, the crop monitoring module determines the pressure of the pressure roller according to the determination result of the agglomeration state and the average agglomeration area, including: to obtain the agglomeration area of ​​each of the key feed frames to determine the average agglomeration area; Determining the average area ratio based on the ratio of the average agglomeration area to the key feed frame area; The pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the average area ratio and the preset area ratio.

[0012] Furthermore, the crop monitoring module determines the pressure of the pressure roller according to the average area ratio and the preset area ratio, wherein: If the average area ratio is less than or equal to the preset area ratio, the pressure of the pressure roller is the standard pressure; If the average area ratio is greater than the preset area ratio, the pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the standard pressure, the average area ratio and the preset area ratio.

[0013] Furthermore, the screening control module determines the crop conveying suction force according to the environmental data, including: To obtain historical impurity concentration data and corresponding historical screening results; for determining the effective impurity concentration in the historical impurity concentration according to the historical screening results; for determining a preset impurity concentration according to the effective impurity concentration; It is used to adjust the crop conveying suction force according to the impurity concentration in the screening working state and the preset impurity concentration.

[0014] Furthermore, the screening control module corrects the crop conveying suction force according to the impurity concentration, including: It is used to determine whether to adjust the current crop conveying suction according to the impurity concentration in the screening working state and the preset impurity concentration, wherein, If the impurity concentration is greater than the preset impurity concentration, it is determined to adjust the current crop conveying suction; The adjusted crop conveying suction force is determined according to the determination result of adjusting the current crop conveying suction force and the ratio of the impurity concentration to the preset impurity concentration.

[0015] Furthermore, the screening control module determines the screening trend according to the crop falling video and determines the screening adjustment strategy in combination with the crop conveying suction, including: Sending the crop falling videos to a machine learning model for synchronous processing to determine the synchronous falling mass flow of each screen; It is used to determine the ideal number of screen layers and determine whether to formulate a screening adjustment strategy based on the falling mass flow rate, wherein: If the falling mass flow rate difference corresponding to the crop falling video adjacent to the ideal screen layer is not within the preset mass flow rate range, it is determined that a screening adjustment strategy is formulated; The screening adjustment strategy is determined based on the determination result of the screening adjustment strategy and the relationship between the falling mass flow difference and the preset mass flow range, wherein: If the falling mass flow rate difference is less than or equal to the preset mass flow rate range, it is determined that the screening adjustment strategy is to adjust the crop conveying suction; If the falling mass flow rate difference is greater than the preset mass flow rate range, it is determined that the screening adjustment strategy is to adjust the screen surface vibration parameters of the ideal screen.

[0016] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the intelligent control system for field operations provided by the present invention realizes the precision, automation and efficiency of crop harvesting and grading and screening processes by integrating crop harvesting, environmental monitoring, crop status analysis, real-time screening feedback and intelligent control system; dynamically adjusts the transmission suction according to temperature and humidity to ensure stable transportation of crops; impurity monitoring is linked to suction correction; vibration parameters are adjusted in real time based on video analysis to improve grading accuracy and yield; a data closed loop is formed from feeding to screening, preliminary screening is performed when crops are conveyed, and screening parameters are adjusted according to screening data during the screening process, thereby improving the efficiency of crop screening and significantly reducing the need for manual intervention.

[0017] In particular, the intelligent control system for field operations provided by the present invention adjusts the suction force for crop transmission in real time according to environmental data through the collaboration between the screening control module and the environmental monitoring module, thereby enhancing environmental adaptability and ensuring the safety of equipment and crops; by obtaining the crop feeding video, the pressure of the pressure roller is intelligently adjusted to optimize the crop feeding status and improve the screening effect; during the screening process, the suction force is adjusted according to the impurity concentration to reduce impurity contamination, and the vibration frequency or screen surface inclination angle is dynamically adjusted based on the crop falling video to improve the screening quality, thereby comprehensively improving the efficiency of crop grading and screening and product quality.

[0018] In particular, the present invention first determines key feed frames based on crop feed video and conveyor speed, efficiently and comprehensively capturing crop status and providing highly representative data for subsequent analysis. A machine learning model is then used to process key feed frames, accurately determining crop characterization status and improving processing intelligence. In practice, due to varying degrees of maturity, crops may adhere to their husks, leading to agglomeration and affecting screening efficiency. Based on this, the present invention determines pressure roller pressure based on agglomeration status determination results and average agglomeration area, achieving targeted crop processing, ensuring screening quality and efficiency, reducing the adverse effects of crops with husks, and optimizing the entire crop grading and screening process. In particular, the present invention achieves precise control of the pressure of the pressure roller through a rigorous process to improve the efficiency of crop screening. First, the average agglomeration area is determined through the key feed frame to truly reflect the degree of crop agglomeration and adapt to the actual scene; the average area ratio is calculated to quantify the severity of agglomeration and provide an accurate basis for pressure adjustment; based on the relationship between the average area ratio and the preset area ratio, standard pressure is applied to non-serious agglomerations to protect crops and maintain smooth screening. A greater pressure is applied to severe agglomerations through scientific calculations, which effectively copes with complex agglomeration situations, improves the adaptability to different agglomeration situations, and ensures the overall effect of crop grading and screening.

[0019] In particular, the present invention obtains historical impurity concentration data and corresponding screening results, determines the effective impurity concentration through calculation, and sets a scientific and reasonable preset impurity concentration in combination with the standard deviation; in actual screening, the real-time impurity concentration is compared with the preset value to accurately determine whether the crop conveying suction needs to be adjusted, and the adjusted suction is scientifically calculated based on the ratio of the impurity concentration to the preset concentration; it can not only optimize the screening environment, reduce impurity escape, and reduce erosion of equipment, but also improve product quality, prevent impurities from contaminating crops, and ensure production stability, effectively deal with various factors that cause changes in impurity concentration, and improve production efficiency and corporate economic benefits.

[0020] In particular, the present invention uses a machine learning model to synchronously process the video of falling crops, accurately obtain the falling mass flow rate of each screen, and scientifically determine whether a screening adjustment strategy needs to be formulated based on the ideal number of screen layers and the preset mass flow rate range; if the falling mass flow rate difference is less than or equal to the preset range, the crop transmission suction is adjusted to separate the broken crops and impurities, and crop quality problems are discovered in time; if it is greater than the preset range, the vibration parameters of the ideal screen surface are adjusted to avoid clogging of the screen holes; this strategy can effectively control the proportion of broken crops, reduce impurities, increase the purity of crops, and improve product quality; ensure production continuity and stability, and improve production efficiency; reduce rework waste, reduce equipment wear and maintenance costs, and comprehensively improve processing benefits.

[0021] In particular, precise screening adjustment strategies can effectively control the proportion of broken crops, reduce the mixing of impurities into crops, improve the purity of crops, and ensure that crops are always screened according to the expected quality standards throughout the screening process, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of products in the market. Scientific screening adjustment strategies enable the processing process to better cope with factors such as fluctuations in crop characteristics and changes in equipment operating status, promptly discover and resolve problems in the screening process, avoid production interruptions caused by uneven crop distribution or screen blockage, ensure the continuity and stability of the production process, and improve production efficiency. Reasonable adjustment strategies can reduce rework and waste caused by crop quality problems, reduce equipment wear and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an intelligent control system for field operations according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A logic block diagram of determining the pressure of the pressure roller according to the average area ratio and the preset area ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for determining a screening trend based on the crop falling video and determining a screening adjustment strategy in combination with the crop conveying suction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the field operation intelligent control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention provides a field operation intelligent control system, including: A harvesting and adjustment module, used for harvesting crops and transporting the crops to a field material grading and screening location; An environmental monitoring module is used to obtain environmental data at the field material grading and screening location, wherein the environmental data includes temperature data and humidity data. It is understood that the temperature data and humidity data can be obtained using any temperature sensor and humidity sensor in the prior art; A crop monitoring module is used to obtain a video feed of the crop at the feed end to determine the crop characterization status and determine the pressure of the pressure roller; a crop conveying module, connected to the environmental monitoring module and the crop monitoring module, for conveying the crops to the feed port of the multi-layer screen; a screening monitoring module connected to the crop conveying module, comprising an impurity monitoring unit for detecting impurity concentrations during crop screening and a video monitoring unit for detecting video of crops falling below the supporting surfaces of each layer of screens during screening; a screening control module connected to the crop conveying module and the screening monitoring module, configured to determine a crop conveying suction force based on the environmental data, modify the crop conveying suction force based on the impurity concentration, determine a screening trend based on the crop falling video, and determine a screening adjustment strategy based on the crop conveying suction force; The screening adjustment strategy includes adjusting the crop conveying suction force and adjusting the screen surface vibration parameters.

[0028] It can be understood that the environmental monitoring module of the embodiment of the present invention collects temperature and humidity data in real time; the screening control module automatically adjusts the suction force for crop transportation based on the environmental data. For example, in a high humidity environment, it chooses to increase the suction force to effectively prevent crops from sliding and piling up due to moisture, ensuring the stability of crops during transportation, avoiding uneven dispersion of crops due to environmental changes, and maintaining the smooth progress of the screening process; the screening control module optimizes the equipment operating parameters in advance based on the environmental data, reduces the adverse effects of environmental factors on crops and equipment, extends the service life of the equipment, and at the same time ensures the suitability of the crop processing environment, which helps to improve the quality of crops.

[0029] Specifically, there is no limitation on the specific structure of the harvesting adjustment module. The harvesting adjustment module can be a harvester thresher for crops, for example, a harvester thresher for corn. After the corn is harvested by the harvester thresher, the corn is transported to the field material grading and screening area. Those skilled in the art can select the corresponding model of harvester thresher according to their needs, which will not be repeated here.

[0030] Specifically, the crop conveying module includes a vacuum adsorption belt conveyor and a pressure roller, wherein, The conveyor belt of the vacuum adsorption belt conveyor is a porous conveyor belt with an open area ratio greater than 50%, which is used to absorb impurities in crops. It is understood that vacuum adsorption belt conveyors are existing technology, so their structure will not be described in detail. The vacuum adsorption belt conveyor of the present invention increases its open area ratio based on the existing structure and sets the maximum aperture to half the ideal particle size of the crops (the ideal particle size of the crops) to perform preliminary screening of impurities and unqualified crops. The pressure roller is located on the side of the porous conveyor belt close to the crops, and is used to apply pressure to the crops to disperse clumped crops. In practice, based on the existing structure of the vacuum adsorption belt conveyor, this application adds a pressure roller on the feed side to apply pressure to the clumped crops and separate them. In practice, the pressure roller is connected to the vacuum adsorption belt conveyor via a rotatable support arm, and the distance between the pressure roller and the porous conveyor belt can be adjusted by the support arm to adjust the pressure applied by the pressure roller. In practice, the distance between the pressure roller and the feed point is generally one-fifth to one-quarter of the length of the porous conveyor belt. The axial direction of the pressure roller is parallel to the conveying plane of the porous conveyor belt, and the axial direction of the pressure roller is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the porous conveyor belt.

[0031] It can be understood that the crop monitoring module is a high-definition camera used to capture the feeding video of the crops at the feeding end; the crop monitoring module is located between the pressure roller and the feeding place, and usually captures the feeding video between the pressure roller and the feeding place.

[0032] It is understandable that the porous conveyor belt of the vacuum adsorption belt conveyor has an opening rate greater than 50%, and the maximum aperture is set to half of the ideal particle size of the crops. This design can efficiently adsorb impurities in crops and improve the impurity removal rate in the initial screening stage; for example, when the ideal particle size of corn is 2.0 cm, the aperture is ≤1.0 cm, which can effectively adsorb fine impurities, and the unique aperture design ensures that only unqualified particles are adsorbed to avoid the loss of qualified crops; a pressure roller is added to the feed side, and the distance between it and the porous conveyor belt is adjusted by a rotatable support arm to adjust the pressure on the agglomerated crops to disperse them. The distance between the pressure roller position and the feed point is one-fifth to one-quarter of the length of the porous conveyor belt, which can effectively improve the feeding state of the crops, ensure that the crops are evenly dispersed on the conveyor belt, and provide good crop conditions for subsequent screening processes.

[0033] It is understandable that, in this embodiment, clumping of crops means that due to different humidity, crops and their outer skins are adhered to each other, thereby forming clumping crops.

[0034] Specifically, the screening monitoring module includes an impurity monitoring unit and a video monitoring unit, wherein: The impurity monitoring unit includes at least one impurity monitoring sensor located on the inner wall of the screen box of the multi-layer screen, for obtaining the impurity concentration during crop screening; in implementation, the impurity monitoring sensor is any one of the prior art, including a laser impurity sensor, a beta-ray impurity meter, an electrostatic impurity sensor, and a light scattering sensor; The video monitoring unit includes a plurality of high-definition, high-speed cameras located on the inner wall of the multi-layer screen and on one side of the support surface of each layer of screen. The line formed by the high-definition, high-speed cameras is parallel to the line connecting the center points of each screen to capture the corresponding crop falling video. It is understood that a high-definition, high-speed camera is installed on one side of the support surface of each screen to capture the video of the corresponding screen when the crop falls. The number of the high-definition and high-speed cameras is equal to the number of the screen meshes of the multi-layer screen.

[0035] It is understandable that the impurity monitoring unit is located on the inner wall of the screen box of the multi-layer screen. When it is detected that the impurity concentration exceeds the standard, the screening control module automatically increases the negative pressure of the dust collection system, effectively reducing the escape of impurities, reducing the pollution of impurities to equipment and crops, and ensuring the sanitary quality of crop screening; the video monitoring unit obtains the video of the falling crops through the high-definition high-speed camera on one side of the support surface of each layer of the screen. By analyzing the falling status of the crops, such as when the proportion of broken crops is abnormal, the screening control module can dynamically adjust the vibration frequency or the inclination angle of the screen surface to increase the extraction rate of complete crops, optimize the effect of crop grading and screening, and improve product quality.

[0036] Specifically, the screening control module pre-stores a crop suction comparison table.

[0037] Understandably, vacuum conveyors are factory-installed with various suction forces corresponding to the normal or recommended suction force for conveying crops. This can be determined by searching a crop suction table for similar-sized crops based on the particle size of the crops being screened, or by simply setting the suction force to the default normal force. In practice, this pre-stored suction force table allows for precise control of the suction force, minimizing excessive equipment wear and crop damage caused by improper suction.

[0038] Specifically, the crop monitoring module is used to obtain the feeding video of the crops at the feeding end to determine the characteristic state of the crops and determine the pressure of the pressure roller, including: for determining a plurality of crop feed frames based on a feed video of the crop; The method is used to determine a key feed frame in the crop feed frame according to the crop conveying speed. It is understandable that the length that can be photographed in the crop conveying direction is determined by the crop feed frame to determine the time from when the crop enters the shooting field of view to when it exits the shooting field of view (the ratio of the length to the speed). The standard frame number is determined according to the product of the frame rate and the duration of the captured video. The standard frame number represents that the same portion of the crop exists in several frames of the image. Therefore, in implementation, one frame is arbitrarily selected from the first standard frame number of all crop feed frames as the key feed frame, and the crop feed frames separated by a preset number of frames are recorded as key feed frames, and so on to determine all key feed frames; that is, the same number of crop feed frames are included between any two key feed frames. It is understood that the preset frame number should be as close to the standard frame number as possible but less than the standard frame number, in order to understand the complete crop feeding status; preferably, the preset frame number is greater than or equal to 0.5 times the standard frame number and less than the standard frame number; It is understandable that a number of crop feeding frames are determined based on the crop feeding video, and key feeding frames are determined based on the crop transmission speed. By calculating the length of time that the crops are in the shooting field of view and combining it with the video frame rate to obtain the standard frame number, key feeding frames are then selected from all crop feeding frames. This method can efficiently screen out representative frames from a large number of feeding frames, ensuring that the complete crop feeding status is understood while reducing the amount of data processing. For example, among a large number of crop feeding frames, key feeding frames are determined according to preset rules, which neither misses important information nor avoids complicated analysis of all frames, thereby improving work efficiency. In addition, any two key feeding frames include the same number of crop feeding frames, and the preset frame number is close to the standard frame number but less than the standard frame number, which ensures that the key feeding frames can comprehensively and evenly reflect the state changes of the crops during the feeding process. The crop status at different stages has the opportunity to be captured by the key feeding frames, providing a rich and reliable data basis for the subsequent accurate judgment of the crop characterization status. The key feed frame is input into a machine learning model to determine a crop characterization state. It is understood that a trained machine learning model / artificial intelligence exists in the prior art that can determine the number and size of crops in the key feed frame, and determine whether agglomeration occurs based on the determined size of each crop. If the size of a single crop exceeds the size corresponding to the ideal particle size of the crop, the characterization state is determined to be agglomerated. If the size of a single crop does not exceed the size corresponding to the ideal particle size of the crop, the characterization state is determined to be a dispersed state.

[0039] It is understandable that key feed frames are input into a machine learning model to determine the crop's characterization state. Leveraging existing mature machine learning models, it is possible to accurately identify the number and size of crops in key feed frames and determine whether they are clumping based on their size. This intelligent judgment method is more accurate and efficient than manual judgment, avoiding errors caused by human factors. For example, it can quickly and accurately determine whether the size of a single crop exceeds the size corresponding to the ideal particle size of the crop, thereby determining whether the crop's characterization state is clumping or dispersion. The machine learning model can quickly process large amounts of image data and provide real-time feedback on crop status information, providing an accurate basis for subsequent pressure roller pressure adjustments, thereby improving the automation and intelligence of the entire processing process. Used to determine the pressure of the pressure roller according to the determination result of the agglomeration state in combination with the average agglomeration area; it can be understood that the pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the determination result of the agglomeration state in combination with the average agglomeration area; the average agglomeration area is determined by obtaining the agglomeration area of ​​each key feed frame, and the ratio thereof to the area of ​​the key feed frame is calculated to obtain the average area ratio, and the pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the average area ratio and the preset area ratio: when the average area ratio is less than or equal to the preset area ratio, the standard pressure is applied, and the crops with less severe agglomeration can be treated with a smaller pressure to avoid damage to the crops caused by excessive pressure; when the average area ratio is greater than the preset area ratio, the pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the average area ratio and the preset area ratio. When setting the area ratio, the maximum pressure is determined based on relevant parameters to effectively deal with severely clumping crops, ensuring that clumped crops can be fully dispersed and providing good crop conditions for subsequent screening processes. This method of precisely adjusting the pressure roller pressure according to the actual clumping situation of the crops not only ensures the effective treatment of crops with different clumping degrees, but also prevents unnecessary damage to crops due to improper pressure, thereby ensuring the quality of crop processing. At the same time, reasonable pressure adjustment helps to improve processing efficiency, reduce problems such as poor conveying and screening difficulties caused by crop clumping, and make the entire crop processing, grading and screening process smoother and more efficient. for determining that the pressure of the pressure roller is zero according to the determination result of the dispersion state; The characterization states include agglomeration state and dispersion state.

[0040] Specifically, the crop monitoring module determines the pressure of the pressure roller according to the determination result of the agglomeration state and the average agglomeration area, including: to obtain the agglomeration area of ​​each of the key feed frames to determine the average agglomeration area; It can be understood that the average clumping area is determined by obtaining the clumping area of ​​each key feeding frame. Since the key feeding frames comprehensively cover the feeding status of the crops, the average clumping area calculated based on these frames can accurately reflect the actual clumping scale of the crops during the feeding stage. Used to determine the average area ratio based on the ratio of the average agglomeration area to the key feed frame area; it is understandable that the scale of the key feed frame and the actual shooting range is not 1:1, so the agglomeration area and the average agglomeration area are both determined in the key feed frame area, which is the agglomeration area or average agglomeration area on the key feed frame image, rather than the actual agglomeration area on the conveyor belt; considering that the scale of the key feed frame and the actual shooting range is not 1:1, it is clear that the agglomeration area is determined on the key feed frame image, which fully conforms to the image acquisition situation in actual processing; in actual operation, the shooting range and installation position of the camera will cause the image to be scaled, and calculating the relevant data based on the key feed frame area makes the acquired agglomeration area data more practical and guiding, can truly reflect the agglomeration state of the crops on the conveyor belt, and provide an accurate reference for subsequent pressure adjustment; It can be understood that by calculating the ratio of the average clumping area to the area of ​​the key feed frame, the quantitative indicator of average area ratio is obtained, which converts the clumping situation of the crop into a specific value, making it convenient and intuitive to assess the severity of clumping. Compared with relying solely on clumping area to make judgments, the average area ratio eliminates the interference caused by differences in the areas of different key feed frames, making the clumping situation of different batches and at different times comparable. As a standardized value, the average area ratio provides an accurate and easy-to-use basis for the subsequent determination of the pressure of the pressure roller. In actual processing, technicians or automated systems can quickly make judgments based on this ratio and decide which pressure adjustment strategy to adopt, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of pressure adjustment. The pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the average area ratio and the preset area ratio.

[0041] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for determining the pressure of the pressure roller based on the determination result of the agglomeration state and the average agglomeration area. Specifically, the crop monitoring module determines the pressure of the pressure roller based on the average area ratio and the preset area ratio, wherein: If the average area ratio is less than or equal to the preset area ratio, the pressure of the pressure roller is the standard pressure; If the average area ratio is greater than the preset area ratio, the pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the standard pressure, the average area ratio and the preset area ratio.

[0042] It can be understood that when the area ratio is less than or equal to the preset area ratio, the clumping condition is not serious, and a small pressure can be applied to the clumped crops to disperse them; when the area ratio is greater than the preset area ratio, the clumping condition is serious, and a large pressure needs to be applied to the clumped crops to disperse them. In this embodiment, the objects are crops, and since the clumping condition of crops is not particularly serious, the preset area ratio should not be too large, and is usually selected within the range of [20%, 35%]. It can be understood that when the average area ratio is less than or equal to the preset area ratio, the standard pressure is applied. This setting ensures that when the agglomeration state is not serious, the crops are processed with a smaller pressure to avoid damage to the crops due to excessive pressure, and the integrity of the crops is protected to the greatest extent, thereby improving product quality. At the same time, the smaller pressure is sufficient to disperse the minor agglomerations, ensuring that the crops can smoothly enter the subsequent screening process and maintain the smooth progress of the processing flow. When the average area ratio is greater than the preset area ratio, the larger pressure is determined according to the standard pressure, the average area ratio and the preset area ratio. That is, for the severely agglomerated crops, the appropriate larger pressure is obtained through scientific calculation, which can effectively disperse the agglomerates and ensure that the crops are evenly distributed on the conveyor belt, providing good crop conditions for subsequent screening processes. This method of dynamically adjusting the pressure according to the actual agglomeration severity greatly improves the adaptability of the processing process to different agglomeration conditions and ensures the overall effect of crop processing, grading and screening.

[0043] In practice, the pressure of the pressure roller is determined by the distance between the pressure roller and the porous conveyor belt, that is, the pressure is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the pressure roller and the porous conveyor belt; when the distance between the pressure roller and the porous conveyor belt is 3 to 10 times the ideal particle size of the crop, the pressure roller can be regarded as being at a standard pressure.

[0044] Specifically, the screening control module determines the crop conveying suction force according to the environmental data, including: To obtain historical impurity concentration data and corresponding historical screening results; for determining the effective impurity concentration in the historical impurity concentration according to the historical screening results; it can be understood that the screening process whose historical screening results meet the production standards is recorded as an effective screening process, and the average value and standard deviation of the historical impurity concentration during screening corresponding to each effective screening process are calculated, and the average value is determined as the effective impurity concentration; It can be understood that historical impurity concentration data and corresponding historical screening results are obtained to determine the effective impurity concentration; the screening process whose historical screening results meet the production standards is defined as an effective screening process, and the average value and standard deviation of the historical impurity concentration during screening in these processes are calculated to finally determine the effective impurity concentration; this process can mine impurity concentration information related to good screening effects from a large amount of historical data, and provide a solid data foundation for the subsequent setting of reasonable preset impurity concentrations, that is, by analyzing historical data of multiple batches, the reasonable range of impurity concentrations under the premise of ensuring screening quality can be accurately found, thereby avoiding production problems caused by blindly setting standards; for determining a preset impurity concentration according to the effective impurity concentration; it can be understood that the preset impurity concentration is determined according to the effective impurity concentration and the standard deviation, that is, the preset impurity concentration is the sum of the effective impurity concentration and the standard deviation; It can be understood that the preset impurity concentration is determined based on the effective impurity concentration and the standard deviation. This setting method takes into account the average impurity concentration under normal production conditions and combines the discrete degree of the data, making the preset impurity concentration more scientific and adaptable. The standard deviation reflects the fluctuation of the data. Incorporating it into the calculation of the preset impurity concentration can ensure the stability of equipment operation and the reliability of screening effect in the face of natural fluctuations in impurity concentration in actual production. It is used to adjust the crop conveying suction force according to the impurity concentration in the screening working state and the preset impurity concentration.

[0045] Specifically, the screening control module corrects the crop conveying suction force according to the impurity concentration, including: It is used to determine whether to adjust the current crop conveying suction according to the impurity concentration in the screening working state and the preset impurity concentration, wherein, If the impurity concentration is greater than the preset impurity concentration, it is determined to adjust the current crop conveying suction; If the impurity concentration is still greater than the preset impurity concentration after adjusting the current crop conveying suction, it may be that the impurity concentration has increased due to factors such as screen wear and changes in crop characteristics after the equipment has been running for a period of time. Therefore, the screen needs to be repaired after the current screening is completed. It can be understood that based on the comparison between the impurity concentration in the screening working state and the preset impurity concentration, it is accurately judged whether the current crop conveying suction needs to be adjusted; when the impurity concentration is greater than the preset impurity concentration, it is determined that the suction needs to be adjusted. This judgment standard can promptly detect abnormal increases in impurity concentration during the production process; It is used to determine the adjusted crop conveying suction based on the judgment result of adjusting the current crop conveying suction combined with the ratio of the impurity concentration to the preset impurity concentration; in implementation, the adjusted crop conveying suction is the product of the crop conveying suction before adjustment and the impurity concentration coefficient, and the impurity concentration coefficient is the ratio of the impurity concentration to the preset impurity concentration.

[0046] It can be understood that the adjusted crop conveying suction is determined based on the judgment result of the suction adjustment and the ratio of the impurity concentration to the preset impurity concentration. This calculation method can reasonably adjust the crop conveying suction according to the actual deviation degree of the impurity concentration. The more the impurity concentration exceeds the preset value, the greater the suction adjustment range, ensuring that under different abnormal impurity concentration conditions, the impurities can be effectively controlled by adjusting the suction. That is, when the impurity concentration significantly exceeds the preset value, the crop conveying suction is correspondingly significantly increased to enhance the adsorption capacity of impurities, thereby reducing the diffusion of impurities and improving the working environment. At the same time, it also reduces the contamination of impurities to crops and ensures product quality.

[0047] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for determining the screening trend based on the crop falling video and determining the screening adjustment strategy in combination with the crop conveying suction. Specifically, the screening control module determines the screening trend based on the crop falling video and determines the screening adjustment strategy in combination with the crop conveying suction, including: Sending the crop falling videos to a machine learning model for synchronous processing to determine the synchronous falling mass flow of each screen; It is understood that each crop falling video is sent to the machine learning model for synchronous processing to determine the synchronous falling mass flow rate of each screen. The falling mass flow rate represents the mass of crops passing through each screen per unit time. The machine learning model can efficiently and accurately analyze the crop flow in the video, converting the complex crop falling state into specific mass flow data, avoiding the subjectivity and error of human judgment. It is used to determine the ideal number of screen layers and determine whether to formulate a screening adjustment strategy based on the falling mass flow rate, wherein: If the difference in mass flow rate between the falling crops captured by the high-definition, high-speed camera adjacent to the ideal screen layer is not within the preset mass flow rate range, a screening adjustment strategy is determined. The screening mass flow rate above the ideal screen layer should be close to the mass flow rate range of crops transported by the vacuum adsorption belt conveyor (the mass flow rate of crops transported by the vacuum adsorption belt conveyor is recorded as the standard mass flow rate), while the screening mass flow rate below the ideal screen layer should be smaller (after impurities and small particles are sucked away by the vacuum belt conveyor, very little crops should be screened out by the ideal screen layer). It is understandable that in actual production, the standard situation is that the crops falling on the ideal screen layer should be more than 90%, and the crops falling below the ideal screen layer should not exceed 5% (the proportion of broken crops should be controlled to be less than 5%. A large proportion of broken crops indicates excessive wear of the screening or substandard quality, which requires additional consideration). Therefore, the preset mass flow range is selected within the range of [0.8 times the standard mass flow rate, 0.87 times the standard mass flow rate]. It is understandable that the maximum preset mass flow rate is set to 0.87 times the standard mass flow rate in order to increase some fluctuation for the ideal screen crops; It can be understood that by determining the ideal number of screen layers and judging whether to formulate a screening adjustment strategy based on the synchronously processed data, a preset mass flow rate range is set according to the requirements for crop distribution above and below the ideal screen layer in actual production; when the falling mass flow rate difference corresponding to the falling crop video captured by the high-definition high-speed camera adjacent to the ideal screen layer is not within the preset range, it is determined that a screening adjustment strategy needs to be formulated; this scientific judgment method can promptly detect abnormal conditions in the screening process, such as uneven crop distribution and abnormal proportion of broken crops, providing a basis for subsequent targeted adjustments; The screening adjustment strategy is determined based on the determination result of the screening adjustment strategy and the relationship between the falling mass flow difference and the preset mass flow range, wherein: If the falling mass flow rate difference is less than or equal to the preset mass flow rate range, the screening adjustment strategy is determined to be to adjust the crop conveying suction. It can be understood that if the falling mass flow rate difference is less than the preset mass flow rate range, it means that the proportion of broken crops is too high or there are too few crops on the ideal screen. In this case, the crop conveying suction should be adjusted to separate more broken crops / impurities. If the falling mass flow rate difference is still less than the preset mass flow rate range after correction, it means that the proportion of broken crops in this batch of crops is very high and the overall crop quality is low. If the falling mass flow rate difference is greater than the preset mass flow rate range, the screening adjustment strategy is determined to be to adjust the screen surface vibration parameters of the ideal screen. It can be understood that if the falling mass flow rate difference is greater than the preset mass flow rate range, it means that the proportion of broken crops is less than 5% or a particularly large amount of crops fall on the ideal screen. In this case, the screen holes may be blocked by too many crops on the ideal screen. Therefore, the screen surface vibration parameters can be adjusted, such as increasing the vibration frequency or increasing the screen surface inclination angle. After adjusting the screen surface vibration parameters, if the falling mass flow rate difference is still greater than the preset mass flow rate range, the adjustment will not be continued until the screening is completed. It can be understood that when it is determined that the falling mass flow rate difference is less than or equal to the preset mass flow rate range, the screening adjustment strategy is determined to be adjusting the crop conveying suction; this means that when the proportion of broken crops is too high or there are too few crops on the ideal screen, more broken crops and impurities can be separated by correcting the crop conveying suction. Properly increasing the crop conveying suction can enhance the adsorption capacity of fine impurities and broken crops, so that the crops can be more effectively screened during the conveying process, thereby improving the quality of the crops entering the subsequent screening process; if the falling mass flow rate difference is greater than the preset mass flow rate range, it is determined that the screening adjustment strategy is to adjust the screen surface vibration parameters of the ideal screen. This adjustment The adjustment method is suitable for situations where the proportion of broken crops is less than 5% but the ideal screen has too many crops blocking the screen holes. By adjusting the vibration parameters, the flow of crops on the screen can be promoted, the screening efficiency can be improved, and poor screening caused by screen hole blockage can be avoided: Increasing the vibration frequency can make the crops jump faster on the screen, increasing the chance of crops passing through the screen holes; increasing the inclination angle of the screen surface can speed up the sliding speed of the crops on the screen and reduce the accumulation of crops on the screen; after adjusting the screen surface vibration parameters, if the falling mass flow rate difference is still greater than the preset range, stop adjusting to avoid excessive adjustment causing adverse effects on equipment and crops, while also ensuring the stability of the screening process.

[0048] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent control system for field operations, characterized in that: include: A harvesting and adjustment module, used for harvesting crops and transporting the crops to a field material grading and screening location; An environmental monitoring module is used to obtain environmental data at the field material grading and screening location, the environmental data including temperature data and humidity data; A crop monitoring module is used to obtain a video feed of the crop at the feed end to determine the crop characterization status and determine the pressure of the pressure roller; a crop conveying module, connected to the environmental monitoring module and the crop monitoring module, for conveying the crops to the feed port of the multi-layer screen; a screening monitoring module connected to the crop conveying module, comprising an impurity monitoring unit for detecting impurity concentrations during crop screening and a video monitoring unit for detecting video of crops falling below the supporting surfaces of each layer of screens during screening; a screening control module connected to the crop conveying module and the screening monitoring module, configured to determine a crop conveying suction force based on the environmental data, modify the crop conveying suction force based on the impurity concentration, determine a screening trend based on the crop falling video, and determine a screening adjustment strategy based on the crop conveying suction force; The screening adjustment strategy includes adjusting the crop conveying suction force and adjusting the screen surface vibration parameters.

2. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crop conveying module includes a vacuum adsorption belt conveyor and a pressure roller, wherein: The conveyor belt of the vacuum adsorption belt conveyor is a porous conveyor belt, and the opening rate of the porous conveyor belt is greater than 50%, so as to absorb impurities in crops; The pressure roller is located on a side of the porous conveyor belt close to the crops, and is used to apply pressure to the crops to disperse the clumped crops; The axial direction of the pressure roller is parallel to the conveying plane of the porous conveyor belt and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the porous conveyor belt.

3. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening monitoring module includes an impurity monitoring unit and a video monitoring unit, wherein: The impurity monitoring unit includes at least one impurity monitoring sensor, which is located on the inner wall of the screen box of the multi-layer screen and is used to obtain the impurity concentration during crop screening; The video monitoring unit includes a plurality of high-definition and high-speed cameras located on the inner wall of the multi-layer screen and on one side of the support surface of each layer of screen. The line formed by the high-definition and high-speed cameras is parallel to the line connecting the center points of each screen to capture the corresponding crop falling video; The number of the high-definition and high-speed cameras is equal to the number of the screen meshes of the multi-layer screen.

4. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening control module pre-stores a crop suction comparison table.

5. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crop monitoring module is used to obtain a video of the crops at the feeding end to determine the characteristic state of the crops and the pressure of the pressure roller, including: for determining a plurality of crop feed frames based on a feed video of the crop; for determining a key feeding frame in the crop feeding frame according to a crop conveying speed; inputting the key feed frames into a machine learning model to determine a representative state of the crop; for determining the pressure of the pressure roller according to the determination result of the agglomeration state and the average agglomeration area; for determining that the pressure of the pressure roller is zero according to the determination result of the dispersion state; The characterization states include agglomeration state and dispersion state.

6. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crop monitoring module determines the pressure of the pressure roller according to the determination result of the agglomeration state and the average agglomeration area, including: to obtain the agglomeration area of ​​each of the key feed frames to determine the average agglomeration area; Determining the average area ratio based on the ratio of the average agglomeration area to the key feed frame area; The pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the average area ratio and the preset area ratio.

7. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crop monitoring module determines the pressure of the pressure roller according to the average area ratio and the preset area ratio, wherein: If the average area ratio is less than or equal to the preset area ratio, the pressure of the pressure roller is the standard pressure; If the average area ratio is greater than the preset area ratio, the pressure of the pressure roller is determined according to the standard pressure, the average area ratio and the preset area ratio.

8. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening control module determines the crop conveying suction force according to the environmental data, including: To obtain historical impurity concentration data and corresponding historical screening results; for determining the effective impurity concentration in the historical impurity concentration according to the historical screening results; for determining a preset impurity concentration according to the effective impurity concentration; It is used to adjust the crop conveying suction force according to the impurity concentration in the screening working state and the preset impurity concentration.

9. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The screening control module modifies the crop conveying suction force according to the impurity concentration. include, It is used to determine whether to adjust the current crop conveying suction according to the impurity concentration in the screening working state and the preset impurity concentration, wherein, If the impurity concentration is greater than the preset impurity concentration, it is determined to adjust the current crop conveying suction; The adjusted crop conveying suction force is determined according to the determination result of adjusting the current crop conveying suction force and the ratio of the impurity concentration to the preset impurity concentration.

10. The intelligent control system for field operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening control module determines the screening trend based on the crop falling video and determines the screening adjustment strategy based on the crop conveying suction. include, Sending the crop falling videos to a machine learning model for synchronous processing to determine the synchronous falling mass flow of each screen; To determine the ideal number of screen layers and determine whether to formulate a screening adjustment strategy based on the falling mass flow rate, wherein: If the falling mass flow rate difference corresponding to the crop falling video adjacent to the ideal screen layer is not within the preset mass flow rate range, it is determined that a screening adjustment strategy is formulated; The screening adjustment strategy is determined based on the determination result of the screening adjustment strategy and the relationship between the falling mass flow difference and the preset mass flow range, wherein: If the falling mass flow rate difference is less than or equal to the preset mass flow rate range, it is determined that the screening adjustment strategy is to adjust the crop conveying suction; If the falling mass flow rate difference is greater than the preset mass flow rate range, it is determined that the screening adjustment strategy is to adjust the screen surface vibration parameters of the ideal screen.

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