Research instrument for plant root disease and research method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of plant root disease research, and proposes a research instrument and method for plant root disease, which can form multiple independent root culture spaces for the same plant, actively guide the growth direction of the root system, and then facilitate the creation of multiple independent experimental environments for the same root system. The mutual independence between multiple experimental environments is better and more practical. The present application comprises a planting pot and multiple root guiding culture mechanisms. The planting pot is provided with a middle raised island. The bottom end of the planting pot is provided with an extended lower convex ring. The bottom end of the extended lower convex ring is provided with multiple root penetrating holes. Each root guiding culture mechanism comprises a root expansion culture box. Each root expansion culture box is detachably connected with the extended lower convex ring. Each root expansion culture box is provided with a first side vertical track and a second side vertical track. Each first side vertical track is provided with a first lifting pipe.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant root disease research, in particular to a research instrument for plant root disease and a research method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is known that plant root disease is one of the key factors affecting crop yield and quality, and with the development of agricultural modernization, the demand for in-depth research on plant roots is increasing, in order to facilitate the research of plant root disease, we propose a research instrument for plant root disease and a research method thereof.

[0003] After searching, the patent with the Chinese patent application number CN201820616266.2 discloses a culture box for brassica root disease research, which is roughly described as including a box body and a box cover, the box cover is screwed on the box body through a thread, a circle of anti-overflow boss is arranged on the upper surface of the box cover, a plurality of culture holes are arranged in the anti-overflow boss circle, the box body and the box cover are both transparent materials, the culture box is filled with culture solution, the nutrient solution overflowing the culture holes is surrounded by the anti-overflow boss, seeds are placed on the culture holes, and under experimental conditions, seedlings can be cultured, and the root disease situation can be observed through the transparent box body, and the box cover can be unscrewed to more intuitively observe the root situation, the patent with the Chinese patent application number CN201822118916.3 discloses a research instrument for plant root disease, which is roughly described as including a containing cavity for containing plant seeds, a plurality of connecting units are arranged on the bottom of the containing cavity and / or the outside of the containing cavity, and the plurality of connecting units are connected with the containing cavity, in use, the seeds of the crops for experimental research are placed in the containing cavity for rooting and germination, and the root system of the seeds will extend into each connecting unit after rooting, each connecting unit is connected with an external solution injection device, and the specific research on the complexity of the root disease / nutrition / microorganism diversity of a single crop can be realized, which has high experimental research value.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned prior art solutions can be used for plant cultivation and can be matched with the research of plant root disease formation, in actual situation, the types of diseases in soil are complex, and it is inevitable to perform repeated operations for matching the research of plant root disease formation, and it is also necessary to classify and adjust the research factors, and the control variable method or single variable method is used to form research and analysis of multiple factors. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a research instrument for plant root diseases and a research method thereof, which can form multiple independent root culture spaces for the same plant, actively guide the growth direction of the root system, facilitate the formation of a zoned culture mode for the root system of the same plant, and then facilitate the creation of multiple independent experimental environments for the same root system, and the mutual independence between the multiple experimental environments is better and more practical.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a research instrument for plant root diseases, comprising a planting pot, further comprising multiple root guiding culture mechanisms, the planting pot is provided with a middle raised island, the bottom end of the planting pot is provided with an extended lower convex ring, the bottom end of the extended lower convex ring is provided with multiple root penetrating holes, the multiple root guiding culture mechanisms each comprise a root expansion culture box, the multiple root expansion culture boxes are detachably connected with the extended lower convex ring, the multiple root expansion culture boxes are each provided with a first edge vertical rail and a second edge vertical rail, the multiple first edge vertical rails are each provided with a first lifting pipe, the multiple first lifting pipes are each fixedly connected with a first water distribution sponge, the multiple second edge vertical rails are each provided with a second lifting pipe, the multiple second lifting pipes are each fixedly connected with a second water distribution sponge, the multiple root expansion culture boxes are each provided with a lifting water storage assembly, the multiple lifting water storage assemblies are respectively matched with the multiple first lifting pipes, and the multiple lifting water storage assemblies are also respectively matched with the multiple second lifting pipes, and the planting pot is matched with a seed supporting mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the multiple root expansion culture boxes are each provided with two circular holes, the bottom end of the extended lower convex ring is fixedly connected with multiple first lower stretch frames and multiple second lower stretch frames, the multiple first lower stretch frames and the multiple second lower stretch frames are each threadedly connected with a mounting bolt, and the multiple mounting bolts respectively pass through the multiple circular holes.

[0008] Preferably, the multiple lifting water storage assemblies each comprise a fixed guide sleeve, the multiple fixed guide sleeves are respectively fixedly connected with the multiple root expansion culture boxes, the multiple fixed guide sleeves are each slidably connected with a lifting cylinder, the multiple lifting cylinders are each fixedly connected with a guide cylinder, the top end of the multiple guide cylinders is each communicated with a water storage box, the top end of the multiple water storage boxes is each rotatably provided with a rotating cap, the bottom end of the multiple guide cylinders is each communicated with a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, the multiple first branch pipes are respectively communicated with the multiple first lifting pipes, the multiple second branch pipes are respectively communicated with the multiple second lifting pipes, and the multiple fixed guide sleeves are each provided with a side pressing positioning structure.

[0009] Preferably, the plurality of fixed guide sleeves are fixedly connected with a plurality of closed frames and open frames, the plurality of lifting cylinders are slidingly connected in the plurality of closed frames, the plurality of lifting cylinders are slidingly fitted in the plurality of open frames, the top ends of the plurality of guide cylinders are communicated with a plurality of double bend pipes, the plurality of double bend pipes are communicated with a plurality of water storage boxes, and the external diameters of the plurality of double bend pipes are smaller than the slit widths of a plurality of strip-shaped openings on the plurality of open frames.

[0010] Preferably, the plurality of side pressure positioning structures each include an external edge frame, the plurality of external edge frames are fixedly connected with the plurality of closed frames, the plurality of external edge frames are each rotatably connected with a rotating pressure frame, the plurality of rotating pressure frames are matched with the plurality of lifting cylinders, and the plurality of rotating pressure frames are each connected with a tension spring, and the plurality of tension springs are connected with the plurality of external edge frames.

[0011] Preferably, the seed planting mechanism includes a moving base plate and a central column, the central column is fixedly connected with the moving base plate, the central column is matched with a quick hooking frame, the quick hooking frame is fixedly connected with a positioning frame, the positioning frame is fixedly connected with two permanent magnets, the central column is matched with the permanent magnets, the quick hooking frame is fixedly connected with an upper extension rod outside, the upper extension rod is fixedly connected with a supporting ring, and the supporting ring is rotatably connected with the planting pot.

[0012] Preferably, the planting pot is externally provided with a plurality of edge openings, the supporting ring is fixedly connected with a feeding hopper, the feeding hopper is matched with the plurality of edge openings, the feeding hopper is provided with an inclined slope surface, the inclined slope surface is provided with a feeding hole, the inclined slope surface is rotatably connected with a closing plate, and the closing plate is used for shielding the feeding hole.

[0013] Preferably, the plurality of first lower extension frames are each provided with a first inner slope surface, the plurality of first inner slope surfaces are matched with a plurality of first water distribution sponges, the plurality of second lower extension frames are each provided with a second inner slope surface, and the plurality of second inner slope surfaces are matched with a plurality of second water distribution sponges.

[0014] Preferably, the top end of the central protruding island is provided with a planting platform, the bottom ends of the plurality of first lifting pipes are fixedly connected with a plurality of synchronous half-rings, and the plurality of synchronous half-rings are fixedly connected with the plurality of second lifting pipes.

[0015] A method for studying plant root diseases, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, before the research, first of all, the plant needs to be cultivated, and the nutrient soil is matched and added in the planting pot and the multiple root extension culture boxes, when the nutrient soil is added in the planting pot, the height of the first water distribution sponge and the second water distribution sponge should be adjusted, so that the first water distribution sponge and the second water distribution sponge can form a corresponding root penetration hole to reduce the leakage of nutrient soil into the planting pot, the amount of nutrient soil added in the planting pot is preferably 1-3 cm to cover the top of the middle convex island, the amount of nutrient soil added in the root extension culture box is preferably flush with the top of the root extension culture box, when the nutrient soil is added in the root extension culture box, the first water distribution sponge and the second water distribution sponge should be controlled to be partially received in the corresponding first side vertical rail and the second side vertical rail respectively, so as to reduce the leakage of nutrient soil into the first side vertical rail and the second side vertical rail;

[0017] S2, after the nutrient soil is added, the plant to be cultivated is planted in the upper side area of the middle convex island, and the first water distribution sponge and the second water distribution sponge are controlled to form a corresponding root penetration hole, and water is added in the lifting water storage assembly, the water in the first water distribution sponge and the second water distribution sponge will wet the nutrient soil in the planting pot in the early stage of plant cultivation, because the root system of the plant grows towards water, which is a characteristic of the root system itself, so during the growth of the plant, the root system of the plant will grow towards the vicinity of the root penetration hole;

[0018] S3, periodically supplement water in the lifting water storage assembly, when the root system of the plant grows near the root penetration hole and is about to extend from the root penetration hole, adjust the height of the first water distribution sponge and the second water distribution sponge to reduce the height, so as to further guide the plant root system to grow downward, until the plant root system grows into the nutrient soil in the root extension culture box, then adjust the relative height of the first water distribution sponge in the first side vertical rail and the relative height of the second water distribution sponge in the second side vertical rail according to the growth speed of the plant root in the nutrient soil in the root extension culture box;

[0019] S4, because the first side vertical rail and the second side vertical rail are provided with water permeable holes, with the change of the height of the first water distribution sponge and the second water distribution sponge, the moisture content of the nutrient soil in the root extension culture box at the corresponding height is larger than that in other areas, so it can promote the growth of the plant root from top to bottom in the root extension culture box;

[0020] S5, after the plant root grows to a sufficient depth in the root extension culture box, apply bacteria at the box opening of the corresponding root extension culture box, the corresponding bacteria will infect the root system in the root extension culture box, so as to realize the research of plant root disease, because there is a gap between the top of the root extension culture box and the outer extension convex ring, and only the plant root passes through the gap, and there is no soil filling, so it can effectively block the spread of bacteria through the soil, and ensure the accuracy of the plant root disease research.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a research instrument for plant root diseases and a research method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) In the present application, through the setting of the root guiding culture mechanism, a corresponding external root stem guiding structure can be formed by matching the planting pots, and multiple independent root culture spaces can be formed for the same plant.

[0023] (2) In the present application, through the matching of the first water distribution sponge, the second water distribution sponge and the lifting water storage assembly, water source guiding and supplementing function components are provided for the root growth of the plant, which can actively guide the growth direction of the root system, facilitate the formation of a zoned culture mode for the root system of the same plant, and then facilitate the creation of multiple independent experimental environments for the same root system, and the mutual independence between multiple experimental environments is better.

[0024] (3) In the present application, through the design of the supporting mechanism, a movable support structure can be provided for the planting pot, which is convenient for supporting multiple planting pots and adjusting the space of multiple planting pots, and is more practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application planting pot, root extension culture box and lifting cylinder, etc.

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application planting pot, quick hooking rack and upper extension rod, etc.

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application supporting ring and feeding bucket, etc.

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application root extension culture box, first edge vertical rail and second edge vertical rail, etc.

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present application planting pot.

[0033] Figure 9 Figure 8 is a perspective view of the fixed guide sleeve, the closing frame and the opening frame of the present application;

[0034] Figure 10 Figure 9 is a bottom perspective view of the planting pot, the quick hooking frame and the upper extension rod of the present application;

[0035] Figure 11 Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of the middle C of the present application; Figure 10

[0036] Figure 12 Figure 11 is a bottom perspective view of the planting pot, the first lower extension frame and the second lower extension frame of the present application;

[0037] Figure 13 Figure 12 is a partial sectional view of the planting pot of the present application.

[0038] In the figure: 1, planting pot; 2, middle protruding island; 3, outer extension lower protruding ring; 4, root hole; 5, root outer expansion culture box; 6, first side vertical rail; 7, second side vertical rail; 8, first lifting pipe; 9, first water distribution sponge; 10, second lifting pipe; 11, second water distribution sponge; 12, circular hole; 13, first lower extension frame; 14, second lower extension frame; 15, mounting bolt; 16, fixed guide sleeve; 17, lifting cylinder; 18, guide cylinder; 19, water storage box; 20, rotating cap; 21, first branch pipe; 22, second branch pipe; 23, closing frame; 24, opening frame; 25, double elbow pipe; 26, strip-shaped opening; 27, external side frame; 28, rotating pressing frame; 29, tension spring; 30, moving base plate; 31, middle stand column; 32, quick hooking frame; 33, upper extension rod; 34, support ring; 35, side opening; 36, feeding hopper; 37, inclined slope surface; 38, feeding hole; 39, closing plate; 40, first inner slope surface; 41, second inner slope surface; 42, planting platform; 43, synchronous half ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] Embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-13 ​The utility model provides a research instrument for plant root disease, including planting pot 1, still include a plurality of root guiding culture mechanism, the inside of planting pot 1 is provided with middle part protruding island 2, the top of middle part protruding island 2 is provided with planting platform 42, and the seed or root seedling is formed horizontal support surface when planting, avoids the seed or root seedling to form sliding deviation relative to middle part protruding island 2 under the action of gravity, in turn influence the growth control of subsequent root, the bottom of planting pot 1 is provided with extension lower convex ring 3, a plurality of root holes 4 are seted up in the bottom of extension lower convex ring 3, a plurality of root guiding culture mechanism all include root external expansion culture box 5, a plurality of root external expansion culture box 5 all are detachably connected with extension lower convex ring 3, a plurality of root external expansion culture box 5 all are provided with two circular holes 12, the bottom of extension lower convex ring 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of first lower stretch frame 13 and a plurality of second lower stretch frame 14, a plurality of first lower stretch frame 13 and a plurality of second lower stretch frame 14 are all threadedly connected with mounting bolt 15, a plurality of mounting bolt 15 respectively pass through a plurality of circular holes 12, a plurality of root external expansion culture box 5 all are provided with first side vertical rail 6 and second side vertical rail 7, a plurality of first side vertical rail 6 all are provided with first lifting pipe 8, a plurality of first lifting pipe 8 all are fixedly connected with first water distribution sponge 9, a plurality of second side vertical rail 7 all are provided with second lifting pipe 10, a plurality of second lifting pipe 10 all are fixedly connected with second water distribution sponge 11, through the setting of root guiding culture mechanism, can be matched with planting pot 1 to form corresponding external root guiding structure, matched with the same plant to form a plurality of independent root culture spaces, a plurality of lifting water storage assemblies are installed outside a plurality of root external expansion culture boxes 5, a plurality of lifting water storage assemblies are matched with a plurality of first lifting pipes 8 respectively, a plurality of lifting water storage assemblies are also matched with a plurality of second lifting pipes 10 respectively, a plurality of lifting water storage assemblies all include fixed guide sleeve 16, a plurality of fixed guide sleeve 16 are fixedly connected with a plurality of root external expansion culture boxes 5, a plurality of fixed guide sleeve 16 all are slidably connected with lifting cylinder 17, a plurality of lifting cylinder 17 all are fixedly connected with guide cylinder 18, the top of a plurality of guide cylinder 18 all is communicated with water storage box 19, the top of a plurality of water storage box 19 all is rotatably installed with rotating cap 20, the bottom of a plurality of guide cylinder 18 all is communicated with first branch pipe 21 and second branch pipe 22, a plurality of first branch pipe 21 are communicated with a plurality of first lifting pipes 8 respectively, a plurality of second branch pipe 22 are communicated with a plurality of second lifting pipes 10 respectively, a plurality of fixed guide sleeve 16 all are installed with side pressure positioning structure, through the matching of first water distribution sponge 9, second water distribution sponge 11 and lifting water storage assembly, provide water source guide and supplementary functional components for the root growth of plant, can match the growth of root system to form the active guide of growth direction, it is convenient to form the cultivation mode of zoning for the root system of the same plant, in turn, it is convenient to create a plurality of independent experimental environment for the same root system, the mutual independence between a plurality of experimental environment is better.

[0041] It should be further pointed out that the plurality of fixed guide sleeves 16 are fixedly connected with the closed frame 23 and the open frame 24, the plurality of lifting cylinders 17 are respectively slidingly connected in the plurality of closed frames 23, the plurality of lifting cylinders 17 are respectively slidingly fitted in the plurality of open frames 24, the top ends of the plurality of guide cylinders 18 are respectively communicated with the double bend pipes 25, the plurality of double bend pipes 25 are respectively communicated with the plurality of water storage boxes 19, the external diameters of the plurality of double bend pipes 25 are respectively smaller than the slit widths of the plurality of strip-shaped openings 26 on the plurality of open frames 24, in the height adjustment process of the lifting cylinder 17, the double bend pipe 25 can move through the strip-shaped opening 26 on the open frame 24, ensuring that the height of the water storage box 19 is adjusted while the range of the height adjustment is wider, the plurality of side pressure positioning structures each include an external edge frame 27, the plurality of external edge frames 27 are respectively fixedly connected with the plurality of closed frames 23, the plurality of external edge frames 27 are respectively rotatably connected with the rotatable pressure frames 28, the plurality of rotatable pressure frames 28 are respectively matched with the plurality of lifting cylinders 17, the plurality of rotatable pressure frames 28 are respectively connected with the plurality of tension springs 29, under the action of the tension spring 29, the rotatable pressure frame 28 can be in contact with the lifting cylinder 17, when the lifting cylinder 17 is in the state of being pressed by the rotatable pressure frame 28, the height of the lifting cylinder 17 relative to the root of the culture box 5 is limited, so that the corresponding first water distribution sponge 9, second water distribution sponge 11 and water storage box 19 are height-limited, when the rotatable pressure frame 28 is pulled relative to the originally pressed lifting cylinder 17 to form a distance, the lifting cylinder 17 can be adjusted, so that the corresponding first water distribution sponge 9, second water distribution sponge 11 and water storage box 19 are height-adjusted, the planting pot 1 is matched with a seedling supporting mechanism, the seedling supporting mechanism includes a moving base plate 30 and a central column 31, the central column 31 is fixedly connected with the moving base plate 30, the central column 31 is matched with a quick hooking frame 32, the quick hooking frame 32 is fixedly connected with a positioning frame, the positioning frame is fixedly connected with two permanent magnets, the central column 31 is matched with the permanent magnets, the central column 31 is a material that can be magnetically attracted, when the permanent magnets are in contact with the central column 31, the contact effect between the quick hooking frame 32 and the central column 31 can be improved under the action of magnetism, to assist the relative positioning between the quick hooking frame 32 and the central column 31, and then the position of the planting pot 1 relative to the central column 31 is stabilized, so that the plurality of planting pots 1 can be placed relative to the central column 31, and the space occupation of the plurality of planting pots 1 in the cultivation state is smaller.

[0042] It also needs to be further explained that the quick hooking frame 32 is fixedly connected with an upper extension rod 33, the upper extension rod 33 is fixedly connected with a supporting ring 34, and the supporting ring 34 is rotatably connected with the planting pot 1. Through the design of the supporting mechanism, a movable support structure can be provided for the planting pot 1. On the one hand, it is convenient for the support of multiple planting pots 1, and on the other hand, it is also convenient for the space movement adjustment of multiple planting pots 1, which is more practical. When it is necessary to remove the planting pot 1 relative to the center column 31, only the quick hooking frame 32 needs to be rotated and adjusted relative to the center column 31, so that the end of the quick hooking frame 32 fixed to the upper extension rod 33 is raised in rotation. In this way, the pressing effect between the quick hooking frame 32 and the center column 31 is lost, and the quick hooking frame 32 is removed relative to the center column 31 in the state of maintaining the loss. The planting pot 1 is provided with a plurality of edge openings 35, and the supporting ring 34 is fixedly connected with a feeding hopper 36 which is matched with the plurality of edge openings 35. The feeding hopper 36 is provided with an inclined slope surface 37, and the inclined slope surface 37 is provided with a feeding hole 38. The inclined slope surface 37 is rotatably connected with a closing plate 39 which is used for shielding the feeding hole 38. It can ensure that the plurality of edge openings 35 are closed and that the plurality of edge openings 35 are matched to add fertilizer, which is more practical. The plurality of first lower stretch frames 13 are provided with first inner slope surfaces 40 which are respectively matched with the plurality of first water distribution sponges 9. The plurality of second lower stretch frames 14 are provided with second inner slope surfaces 41 which are respectively matched with the plurality of second water distribution sponges 11. Pushing the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 located on both sides of the same root penetrating hole 4 to guide each other to approach, when the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 respectively contact with the first inner slope surface 40 and the second inner slope surface 41 and continue to be pushed upward, the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 can be combined and approached to each other to shield the root penetrating hole 4. The bottom ends of the plurality of first lifting pipes 8 are fixedly connected with synchronous half rings 43 which are respectively fixedly connected with the plurality of second lifting pipes 10, so that the first lifting pipe 8 and the second lifting pipe 10 in the same root part expansion culture box 5 form a whole structure, which is convenient for synchronous height adjustment of the first lifting pipe 8 and the second lifting pipe 10 in the same root part expansion culture box 5.

[0043] In summary, the working process of the research instrument for plant root diseases and the research method thereof is as follows: before the research, first, the plant needs to be cultivated, and the nutrient soil is added in the planting pot 1 and the multiple root external expansion culture boxes 5. Before adding the nutrient soil, sterilization should be performed to avoid the pre-introduction of bacteria in the later cultivation process. When adding the nutrient soil into the planting pot 1, the height of the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 should be adjusted so that the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 can form a barrier corresponding to the root penetrating hole 4 to reduce the leakage of the nutrient soil in the planting pot 1 from the root penetrating hole 4. The amount of nutrient soil added in the planting pot 1 is preferably 1-3 cm higher than the highest position of the top of the central raised island 2. The amount of nutrient soil added in the root external expansion culture box 5 is preferably flush with the topmost position of the root external expansion culture box 5. When adding the nutrient soil into the root external expansion culture box 5, the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 should be controlled to be partially received in the first side vertical track 6 and the second side vertical track 7, respectively, to reduce the leakage of the nutrient soil into the first side vertical track 6 and the second side vertical track 7. After the addition of the nutrient soil is completed, the plant to be cultivated is planted on the upper side area of the planting platform 42 of the central raised island 2, and the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 are controlled to form a barrier corresponding to the root penetrating hole 4, and water is added to the water storage box 19 in the lifting water storage assembly. The water in the water storage box 19 will be guided into the first lifting pipe 8 and the second lifting pipe 10 through the guide cylinder 18, the first branch pipe 21 and the second branch pipe 22, respectively. The water in the first lifting pipe 8 will enter the first water distribution sponge 9, and the water in the second lifting pipe 10 will enter the second water distribution sponge 11, so that the nutrient soil near the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 is moistened. During the initial cultivation of the plant, the water in the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 will moisten the nutrient soil in the planting pot 1. Since the root system of the plant grows towards water, which is a characteristic of the root system itself, during the growth of the plant, the root system of the plant will grow towards the area near the root penetrating hole 4. The water storage box 19 of the lifting water storage assembly is regularly replenished with water. When the root system of the plant grows close to the root penetrating hole 4 and is about to extend from the root penetrating hole 4, the height of the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11 is adjusted to be lowered to further guide the plant root system to grow downward until the plant root system grows into the nutrient soil in the root external expansion culture box 5. Then, the relative height of the first water distribution sponge 9 in the first side vertical track 6 and the relative height of the second water distribution sponge 11 in the second side vertical track 7 are adjusted according to the growth of the plant root system in the nutrient soil in the root external expansion culture box 5.

[0044] Further, since the first side vertical track 6 and the second side vertical track 7 are both provided with water seepage holes, with the change of the height of the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11, the moisture of the nutrient soil in the corresponding matching height of the root outward expansion culture box 5 is larger than that in other areas, so as to promote the growth of the roots of the plant from the top to the bottom in the root outward expansion culture box 5. When the roots of the plant grow to a sufficient depth in the root outward expansion culture box 5, the corresponding pathogenic bacteria are applied at the box opening of the corresponding root outward expansion culture box 5, and the corresponding pathogenic bacteria will infect the root system in the root outward expansion culture box 5 to realize the research of plant root diseases. Since there is a gap between the top of the root outward expansion culture box 5 and the outwardly extending lower convex ring 3, and only the plant roots pass through the gap without soil filling, the spread of bacteria through the soil can be effectively blocked, ensuring the accuracy of the plant root disease research. For special bacteria that can spread through the air, the box opening of the root outward expansion culture box 5 can be sealed by tape after adding the bacteria into the root outward expansion culture box 5. The sealing tape should be matched with the hole through which the roots pass to avoid damaging the roots. In order to ensure the continuity of water replenishment in the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11, and to avoid the leakage of excess water in the first water distribution sponge 9 and the second water distribution sponge 11, the inner diameter of the first lifting pipe 8 and the inner diameter of the second lifting pipe 10 are both small, and the first lifting pipe 8 is provided with a first insertion box matched with the first water distribution sponge 9, and the second lifting pipe 10 is provided with a second insertion box matched with the second water distribution sponge 11. The top end height of the first insertion box and the top end height of the second insertion box are the same as the top end height of the water storage box 19. The bottom part of the first water distribution sponge 9 is fixedly inserted into the first insertion box, and the bottom part of the second water distribution sponge 11 is fixedly inserted into the second insertion box.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An instrument for studying plant root diseases, including a planting pot (1), characterized in that, It also includes multiple root-guided culture mechanisms. The planting pot (1) is provided with a central protruding island (2). The bottom end of the planting pot (1) is provided with an extended lower protruding ring (3). The bottom end of the extended lower protruding ring (3) is provided with multiple root-penetrating holes (4). Each of the multiple root-guided culture mechanisms includes a root expansion culture box (5). Each of the multiple root expansion culture boxes (5) is detachably connected to the extended lower protruding ring (3). Each of the multiple root expansion culture boxes (5) is provided with a first side vertical rail (6) and a second side vertical rail (7). Each of the multiple first side vertical rails (6) is provided with a first lifting tube (8). Each of the multiple first lifting tubes (8) has a first lifting tube on it. Each of the above is fixedly connected to a first water-distributing sponge (9), and each of the multiple second side vertical rails (7) is provided with a second lifting pipe (10). Each of the multiple second lifting pipes (10) is fixedly connected to a second water-distributing sponge (11). Each of the multiple root expansion culture boxes (5) is equipped with a lifting water storage component. Each of the multiple lifting water storage components is matched with a multiple first lifting pipe (8), and each of the multiple lifting water storage components is also matched with a multiple second lifting pipe (10). The planting pot (1) is equipped with a planting support mechanism. The planting support mechanism includes a movable base (30) and a central column (31). The central column (31) is fixedly connected to the movable base (30). Each of the root expansion culture boxes (5) has two circular holes (12). The bottom end of the extended lower convex ring (3) is fixedly connected to a plurality of first lower extension frames (13) and a plurality of second lower extension frames (14). Each of the plurality of first lower extension frames (13) and the plurality of second lower extension frames (14) is threaded with mounting bolts (15). Each of the plurality of mounting bolts (15) passes through a plurality of circular holes (12). Each of the plurality of first lower extension frames (13) is provided with a first inner slope surface (40). Each of the plurality of first inner slope surfaces (40) is matched with a plurality of first water distribution sponges (9). Each of the plurality of second lower extension frames (14) is provided with a second inner slope surface (41). Each of the plurality of second inner slope surfaces (41) is matched with a plurality of second water distribution sponges (11).

2. The research instrument for plant root diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the multiple lifting and water storage components includes a fixed guide sleeve (16), which is fixedly connected to the multiple root expansion culture boxes (5). Each of the multiple fixed guide sleeves (16) is slidably connected to a lifting cylinder (17). Each of the multiple lifting cylinders (17) is fixedly connected to a guide cylinder (18). Each of the multiple guide cylinders (18) has a water storage box (19) at its top. Each of the multiple water storage boxes (19) has a rotating cap (20) rotatably installed at its top. Each of the multiple guide cylinders (18) has a first branch pipe (21) and a second branch pipe (22) at its bottom. Each of the multiple first branch pipes (21) is connected to the multiple first lifting pipes (8), and each of the multiple second branch pipes (22) is connected to the multiple second lifting pipes (10). Each of the multiple fixed guide sleeves (16) is equipped with a side pressure positioning structure.

3. The research instrument for plant root diseases according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the fixed guide sleeves (16) is fixedly connected with a closed frame (23) and an open frame (24). Each of the lifting cylinders (17) is slidably connected to the closed frame (23) and slidably fitted into the open frame (24). The top of each of the guide cylinders (18) is connected to a double bend pipe (25). Each of the double bend pipes (25) is connected to a water storage box (19). The outer diameter of each double bend pipe (25) is smaller than the slit width of the strip opening (26) on the open frame (24).

4. The research instrument for plant root diseases according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the multiple side-pressure positioning structures includes an external side frame (27), and the multiple external side frames (27) are fixedly connected to the multiple closed frames (23). Each of the multiple external side frames (27) is rotatably connected to a rotating pressure frame (28). Each of the multiple rotating pressure frames (28) is matched with the multiple lifting cylinders (17). Each of the multiple rotating pressure frames (28) is connected to a tension spring (29), and the multiple tension springs (29) are connected to the multiple external side frames (27).

5. The research instrument for plant root diseases according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central column (31) is equipped with a quick hook bracket (32). A positioning frame is fixedly connected inside the quick hook bracket (32). Two permanent magnet blocks are fixedly connected inside the positioning frame. The central column (31) matches the permanent magnet blocks. An upper extension rod (33) is fixedly connected outside the quick hook bracket (32). A support ring (34) is fixedly connected to the upper extension rod (33). The support ring (34) is rotatably connected to the planting pot (1).

6. The research instrument for plant root diseases according to claim 5, characterized in that, The planting pot (1) has multiple side openings (35) on its outside. A feeding hopper (36) is fixedly connected to the support ring (34). The feeding hopper (36) matches the multiple side openings (35). An inclined slope (37) is provided on the feeding hopper (36). A feeding hole (38) is provided on the inclined slope (37). A sealing plate (39) is rotatably connected to the inclined slope (37). The sealing plate (39) is used to block the feeding hole (38).

7. The research instrument for plant root diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the central raised island (2) is provided with a planting platform (42), and the bottom of the plurality of first lifting pipes (8) are fixedly connected with synchronous half rings (43), and the plurality of synchronous half rings (43) are respectively fixedly connected to the plurality of second lifting pipes (10).

8. A research method for plant root diseases, characterized in that, The method of using the research instrument for plant root diseases according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: S1. Before conducting the research, it is necessary to cultivate the plants and add nutrient soil to both the planting pot (1) and the multiple root expansion culture boxes (5). When adding nutrient soil to the planting pot (1), the height of the first water distribution sponge (9) and the second water distribution sponge (11) should be adjusted so that the first water distribution sponge (9) and the second water distribution sponge (11) can be matched with the corresponding root penetration holes (4) to form a shield, so as to reduce the leakage of nutrient soil into the planting pot (1) from the root penetration holes (4). The amount of nutrient soil added to the planting pot (1) should be based on the following: It is advisable to cover the top of the central raised island (2) by 1cm-3cm. The amount of nutrient soil added to the root expansion culture box (5) should be level with the top of the root expansion culture box (5). When adding nutrient soil to the root expansion culture box (5), the first water distribution sponge (9) and the second water distribution sponge (11) should be partially absorbed into the corresponding first side vertical track (6) and second side vertical track (7) to reduce the occurrence of nutrient soil leaking into the first side vertical track (6) and second side vertical track (7). S2. After the nutrient soil is added, the plant to be cultivated is planted in the upper area of ​​the central raised island (2), and the first water-distributing sponge (9) and the second water-distributing sponge (11) are controlled to form a shield with the corresponding root-penetrating hole (4), and water is added to the lifting and lowering water storage component. In the early stage of plant cultivation, the water in the first water-distributing sponge (9) and the second water-distributing sponge (11) will moisten the nutrient soil in the planting pot (1). Since the root system of the plant grows towards water, it is a characteristic of the root system itself. Therefore, during the plant growth process, the root system of the plant will grow towards the area near the root-penetrating hole (4). S3. Regularly replenish water in the lifting and lowering water storage component. When the plant roots are close to the root penetration hole (4) and about to emerge from the root penetration hole (4), adjust the height of the first water distribution sponge (9) and the second water distribution sponge (11) to further guide the plant roots to grow downward until the plant roots grow into the nutrient soil in the root expansion culture box (5). Then, adjust the relative height of the first water distribution sponge (9) in the first side vertical track (6) and the relative height of the second water distribution sponge (11) in the second side vertical track (7) according to the growth rate of the plant roots in the nutrient soil in the root expansion culture box (5). S4. Since both the first side vertical track (6) and the second side vertical track (7) are equipped with water seepage holes, as the height of the first water distribution sponge (9) and the second water distribution sponge (11) changes, the moisture content of the nutrient soil at the matching height in the root expansion culture box (5) is greater than that in other areas, so it can promote the growth of plant roots from top to bottom in the root expansion culture box (5). S5. After the plant roots have grown to a sufficient depth in the root expansion culture box (5), pathogens are applied to the opening of the corresponding root expansion culture box (5). The pathogens will infect the roots in the root expansion culture box (5) to achieve the study of plant root diseases. Since there is a gap between the top of the root expansion culture box (5) and the outer lower convex ring (3), and only the plant roots pass through the gap without soil filling, it can effectively block the spread of bacteria through the soil and ensure the accuracy of plant root disease research.

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