Healthy and environment-friendly lawn and ornamental plant indoor planting insect prevention method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of indoor plant planting, in particular to a healthy and environment-friendly lawn and ornamental plant indoor planting insect prevention method which comprises the following steps: S1, physical barrier and air tightness detection; s2, establishing a plant barrier and evaluating efficiency; s3, high and low temperature synergistic deinsectization; s4, acidizing, fermenting and adding microorganisms; s5, physicochemical regulation and control of the matrix; s6, fermenting liquid atomization, insect prevention and fertilization; and S7, preparation and application of the plant-derived stimulant. S8, chemical stabilization treatment; and S9, spraying specification and effect tracking. According to the method, the substrate is treated in a high-low temperature switching physical mode, and chemical insecticides are completely abandoned in cooperation with low-pH-value environment damage and odor insect expelling of the plant fermentation liquor. Chemical residues and environmental pollution are eliminated from the source, a healthy and environment-friendly ecological environment is created for indoor planting, and the requirements of people for the environment-friendly and pollution-free planting environment are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of indoor plant planting, and in particular to a healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing insects from being planted indoors in lawns and ornamental plants. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the improvement of my country's economic strength and living standards, people are increasingly focusing on healthy, high-quality indoor living environments. This has greatly increased urban residents' demand for green plants for home landscaping and landscaping inside and outside office buildings. Furthermore, with the explosive growth in the number of pets, indoor lawns that protect their physical and mental health have also become popular.

[0003] However, even though many plants are grown in greenhouses, the soil and plants they grow in are still susceptible to pests. Therefore, large amounts of pesticides are required during the planting phase and daily maintenance. This not only causes significant environmental pollution, but also results in consumers purchasing plants and the soil in which they grow containing large amounts of chemical residues. These chemical residues can release toxic gases, stain clothing and skin, and are very likely to be accidentally ingested by children and pets, seriously endangering the health of family members. Although so-called natural pesticides are currently available on the market, their insecticide effect is poor and they are not completely non-toxic (slightly toxic or toxic to pets), which cannot meet people's demand for a healthy, high-quality living environment. Therefore, we propose a healthy and environmentally friendly method for indoor pest control for lawns and ornamental plants. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing insects from growing lawns and ornamental plants indoors, thereby solving the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing pests in indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Physical barrier and airtightness testing: By installing insect-proof nets and using the pressure differential detection method, physical barrier and airtightness of the planting shed can be guaranteed;

[0008] S2: Establish plant barriers and evaluate their effectiveness. By planting insect-repellent plants and combining portable instruments with manual olfactory evaluation, the construction and effectiveness of three-dimensional plant barriers can be achieved.

[0009] S3: High and low temperature synergistic pest control, through the synergistic effect of ultra-low temperature freezing and high temperature steam, it can effectively kill and inactivate insects, eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the matrix;

[0010] S4: Acidification, fermentation and addition of microorganisms: By creating a low pH environment and adding beneficial microorganisms, the substrate ecology can be regulated and the hatching of insect eggs can be inhibited.

[0011] S5: Physical and chemical regulation of the matrix, stabilizing the matrix environment through acid-base neutralization reaction;

[0012] S6: Fermentation liquid atomization for insect control and fertilization. By preparing fermentation liquid and spraying it, the dual effects of insect control and fertilization during the planting period are achieved;

[0013] S7: Preparation and application of plant-derived stimulants, by preparing capsaicin soaking solution and pepper essential oil emulsion and spraying them alternately to achieve dynamic pest control during the planting period;

[0014] S8: Pharmaceutical stabilization treatment, through the stabilization of fermentation broth and plant-derived extracts, to achieve the extension of shelf life and optimization of performance of finished pharmaceutical products;

[0015] S9: Spraying specifications and effect tracking. By formulating spraying specifications and establishing an effect tracking system, the scientific standardization of pest control management can be achieved.

[0016] In a possible implementation, in step S1:

[0017] The insect screen is a high-density polyethylene mesh with a pore size of 0.4 mm, fixed with aluminum alloy strips, and the edges are embedded 12 cm into the ground and sealed with concrete;

[0018] The pressure difference detection method uses a portable barometer to detect the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the shed. The pressure attenuation is ≤2Pa, which is considered qualified.

[0019] A sticky insect board is hung on the outside of the insect-proof net. A single sticky insect board is considered qualified if it captures ≤2 flying insects.

[0020] In a possible implementation, in step S2:

[0021] The insect-resistant plants planted include pepper, mugwort and pyrethrum, and the planting density and physiological indicators must meet the set standards;

[0022] Use a portable odor detector to test the relative concentration of volatile substances. A reading of ≥70% of the benchmark value is considered qualified.

[0023] The artificial olfactory evaluation method is qualified if two of the three testers confirm that they can smell a clear irritating odor.

[0024] In a possible implementation, in step S3:

[0025] The matrix was frozen in a freezer at −28 ± 2°C for 4 h, with a temperature fluctuation of no more than ± 1°C;

[0026] After freezing, the cells were moved into a steam treatment chamber and 0.5 MPa saturated steam was introduced to raise the center temperature of the matrix to 88 ± 3 °C and kept warm for 50 minutes.

[0027] After treatment, random samples are cultured for 14 days. If the number of hatched larvae is 0 / sample, it is qualified. If the number of hatched larvae is greater than 0 / sample, the high and low temperature treatment needs to be repeated once.

[0028] In a possible implementation, in step S4:

[0029] Mix EM bacterial solution with fermented plant liquid with a pH value of 3.8, adjust the pH value to 5.0±0.1, spray the substrate, and seal and ferment for 24 hours;

[0030] After the fermentation, the pH value of the substrate extract was 4.8-5.2, and the total number of microorganisms was ≥1×10 7 CFU / g;

[0031] Add chitosan oligosaccharide solution and soak for 28 hours, and the residual chitosan oligosaccharide content is ≥0.25 mg / g.

[0032] In a possible implementation, in step S5:

[0033] Use wood ash and quicklime in a mass ratio of 3:1 to adjust the pH value of the substrate to 6.7 ± 0.1;

[0034] The substrate was air-dried to a moisture content of ≤7% and stored in a cold storage at -20±1°C;

[0035] Before storage, an egg resurrection test is carried out. If there are no live insects or hatched eggs, it is qualified. If live insects or hatched eggs are found, the entire batch of substrates needs to be re-processed with S3-S5.

[0036] In a possible implementation, in step S6:

[0037] The fermentation liquid was diluted to a pH of 6.7 ± 0.1, and sodium alginate was added as a synergist to prepare the atomized liquid;

[0038] Use electric atomizer to spray at a rate of 180 mL / m 2 After spraying, the leaf chlorophyll SPAD value increased by ≥15%, and the insect population reduction rate was ≥60%.

[0039] In a possible implementation, in step S7:

[0040] The spiciness of the capsaicin soaking solution is ≥4000SHU, and the essential oil concentration of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil emulsion is 0.20%;

[0041] Establish a 14-day alternating spraying program, in which

[0042]

[0043] If the pest reduction rate is lower than 60% or the plant disease incidence rate is higher than 8%, shorten the alternation cycle to 10 days and add one more spray of 0.2% allicin solution.

[0044] In a possible implementation, in step S8:

[0045] The fermentation dilution is added with xanthan gum and rosemary extract, and the shelf life is 4 months after homogenization;

[0046] Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil and β-cyclodextrin are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3.5, and the embedding efficiency is ≥88%. The calculation formula is: The free limonene content is detected by headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography, and is required to be ≤0.12%. If the embedding rate is <85%, the amount of cyclodextrin is increased to 1:4 and the inclusion is repeated.

[0047] In a possible implementation, in step S9:

[0048] Spray the fermentation stabilized liquid and the plant-derived stabilized liquid alternately every 14 days, and control the spraying amount to 50-80ml / pot;

[0049] Test the leaf SPAD value every month, and test the substrate EC value and pH value every quarter to ensure that the EC value is less than 1.2mS / cm and the pH value is 6.5-7.0.

[0050] Beneficial effects compared with existing technologies:

[0051] 1. This solution uses a physical method of switching between high and low temperatures to treat the substrate, combined with the low pH of the plant fermentation liquid to destroy the environment and the odor to repel insects, completely eliminating chemical pesticides. This eliminates chemical residues and environmental pollution at the root, creating a healthy and environmentally friendly ecological environment for indoor cultivation and meeting people's demand for a green and pollution-free cultivation environment.

[0052] 2. In this solution, the plant fermentation liquid is made into a stable dilution that combines insect repellent and fertilizing functions. After spraying, the nutrients in the fermentation liquid can be absorbed and utilized by the plants, promoting plant growth and improving their resistance to pests and diseases. This dual effect simplifies the planting management process, reduces planting costs, and improves planting efficiency.

[0053] 3. In this solution, through the implementation of this invention, plants can be effectively protected from insect pests without harming the environment or the health of people and pets. This insect control technology is not only applicable to domestic lawns and ornamental plant cultivation, but can also be extended to municipal green plant maintenance and agricultural and forestry insect control. Its significant insect control effectiveness and environmental friendliness provide a practical and effective solution to insect pest problems in various fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the indoor planting insect prevention method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can also be implemented in various forms, so the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. In addition, in order to describe the present invention more clearly, parts that are not connected with the invention will be omitted from the accompanying drawings.

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are to solve the problems of the above-mentioned background technology, which are generally as follows:

[0058] Example:

[0059] This embodiment introduces a healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing insects from growing lawns and ornamental plants indoors, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1: Physical barrier and airtightness testing

[0061] This step achieves physical isolation and airtightness assurance of the growing shed by installing an insect-proof net and using a pressure differential detection method. The details are as follows:

[0062] Install high-density polyethylene insect screens with a 0.4mm pore size around the vents, entrances, and light-permeable areas of the greenhouse. The screens are constructed with 25mm-wide aluminum alloy strips secured with expansion screws. The edges are embedded 12cm into the ground and sealed with concrete. The seams should overlap 5cm or more and be sealed with a hot-melt welder to ensure they are wrinkle-free and free of holes.

[0063] After setting up the barrier net, use the pressure difference detection method and use a portable barometer to detect the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the greenhouse. Start the fan in the greenhouse and set the air volume to 1500m 3 / h. When the air pressure in the shed is stable at 8-12Pa, if the pressure decay is ≤2Pa within 10 minutes, it indicates that there is little leakage through the mesh gaps and the sealing is qualified. If the decay is greater than 2Pa, apply soapy water to the joints. The location of bubbles is the leak point and needs to be re-welded or glued until the pressure decay is ≤2Pa.

[0064] Hang 10 sticky boards (25 cm x 30 cm) evenly on the outside of the insect screen, spaced 3 meters apart and level with the planting area. Leave them in place for 7 days. The effectiveness of the sticky boards is assessed by the number of adult insects captured.

[0065] A single sticky board is considered qualified if it captures ≤2 flying insects. If it captures ≥3, inspect the net for damage or gaps, focusing on corners and areas embedded in the ground. Repair the net and retest until the number of insects captured by a single sticky board is ≤2.

[0066] S2: Establish plant barriers and evaluate their effectiveness

[0067] This step involves planting insect-repellent plants and combining portable instruments with manual olfactory evaluation to build and ensure the effectiveness of a three-dimensional plant barrier. The details are as follows:

[0068] Plant pepper within 1.5m outside the greenhouse, with a spacing of 0.7m and a seedling height of ≥30cm; plant mugwort with a planting density of 8 plants / m 2 , the number of branches ≥ 5; plant pyrethrum with a spacing of 0.35m and a crown width ≥ 20cm. Increase the planting density by 30% within a 0.8m range in the greenhouse. Apply a composite matrix of decomposed wormwood residue and pepper cake meal at a rate of 10kg / m 2 Specifically, wormwood residue and pepper cake meal were mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, crushed to a particle size of <2 mm, and composted at 55°C for 90 days. The compost was turned over 3 times per week to ensure that the organic matter content was ≥45% and the retention rate of volatile substances (cineole, pepper oil) was ≥60%. After planting, the compost was irrigated with 500 times the amount of EM bacterial solution, and the number of viable bacteria was ≥1×10 9 CFU / mL, and ensure that the root system is covered with soil to a depth of 6-8 cm.

[0069] Detect plant physiological indicators 30 days after planting. Among them, the length of the new shoots of pepper should reach ≥15cm, the chlorophyll SPAD value of mugwort leaves should be ≥35, and the height of pyrethrum plants should be ≥40cm. If the compliance rate of any indicator is less than 70%, spray the leaves with 1% fish protein fertilizer (amino acid ≥100g / L) diluted 500 times and spray it at an interval of 7 days for 2 consecutive times. Retest again 15 days after spraying. If it still does not meet the standard, replant plants of the same age.

[0070] In addition, a portable odor detector was used to measure the relative concentration of volatile substances 1 meter outside the plant belt. The baseline response value for zanthoxylum and pyrethrin was set at 100%, and the sample was considered qualified when the instrument reading was ≥70% of the baseline value.

[0071] At the same time, the artificial olfactory evaluation method is used as an auxiliary method. Three trained inspectors will smell the plants at a distance of 0.5m. The plants will be qualified if two people confirm that they smell a distinct irritating odor. If the instrument reading is less than 60% or the manual evaluation does not meet the standard, the plants need to be sprayed with a mixture of 0.5% alginate fertilizer (diluted 800 times) + 0.2% pepper essential oil emulsion, 7 days apart, for 2 consecutive times. After 7 days, retest. If it still does not meet the standard, prune the dense branches and leaves, the pruning amount of branches and leaves ≤30% and apply biological fertilizer. The number of effective live bacteria in the biological fertilizer should be ≥200 million / g.

[0072] S3: High and low temperature synergistic pest control

[0073] This step uses the synergistic effect of ultra-low temperature freezing and high temperature steam to effectively kill and inactivate insects, eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the matrix. The details are as follows:

[0074] The pure plant matrix with a humidity of ≤15% and crushed to a particle size of <3mm is placed in a breathable mesh bag, with each mesh bag containing 25kg. The mesh bag filled with the matrix is ​​placed in a freezer at a temperature of -28±2℃, with a cooling capacity of 5kW / 10m 3 The freezing time is 4 hours. The cell membrane of the insect body is destroyed by ice crystal puncture. During the freezing process, the temperature fluctuation in the storage room is required to not exceed ±1℃.

[0075] Three temperature sensors with an accuracy of ±0.5°C are installed in the warehouse, recording data every 30 minutes. The temperature must remain below -28°C for at least 3.5 hours, with the temperature difference between each point not exceeding 2°C. If the temperature at a particular point exceeds -26°C for more than 15 minutes, the freezing period must be extended by one hour and retested until all temperatures meet the standard.

[0076] Immediately after freezing, move into a 10m 3 In the steam treatment chamber, introduce 0.5MPa saturated steam at a steam temperature of 151°C to raise the center temperature of the substrate to 88±3°C and maintain this temperature for 50 minutes. The steam flow rate is controlled at 200kg / h to ensure that the substrate heating rate is ≥5°C / min.

[0077] Use an 8-channel embedded temperature recorder to monitor temperatures at different depths in the substrate. The surface, middle, and bottom layers must all be ≥85°C and maintained for ≥45 minutes. If the temperature at any depth falls below 85°C, extend the holding time by 8 minutes for each 1°C drop. Repeat the test until the entire layer reaches the standard temperature.

[0078] After treatment, randomly sample 5 portions, each 100 grams, and incubate them at 25°C and 80% humidity for 14 days. If the number of hatched larvae is greater than 0 per portion, repeat the high and low temperature treatment.

[0079] S4: Acidification, fermentation and addition of microorganisms

[0080] This step achieves substrate ecological regulation and egg hatching inhibition by creating a low pH environment and adding beneficial microorganisms, as follows:

[0081] Dilute an EM bacterial solution containing ≥10 billion microbial agents / g at a ratio of 1:150 and mix it with a fermented plant broth with a pH of 3.8. Adjust the pH of the mixture to 5.0±0.1 with citric acid. Then, spray the solution with the substrate at a ratio of 1:1.3 by weight to achieve a moisture content of 96±2%. Seal and ferment for 24 hours. During the fermentation process, maintain the temperature in the fermentation bag at 28-32°C to prevent the hatching of insect eggs by creating an anaerobic environment.

[0082] The pH and temperature of the fermentation liquid were checked every 8 hours. If the pH was > 5.3, 0.5% citric acid solution was added to adjust the temperature. If the temperature exceeded 35°C, the air cooling system was turned on to cool it down. After the fermentation was completed, samples were taken for testing. The pH of the substrate extract was required to be between 4.8 and 5.2, and the total number of microorganisms was ≥ 1×10 7 CFU / g. If the number of microorganisms is less than 8×10 6 CFU / g, it is necessary to add 0.8% of the composite microbial agent (EM bacteria: lactic acid bacteria = 2:1) and extend the fermentation time by 16 hours.

[0083] Chitosan oligosaccharides (2000 Da) are dissolved in 35°C warm water at a ratio of 1:10, at a ratio of 0.35% by weight. The solution is then sprayed evenly and soaked for 28 hours. The concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide solution is controlled at 3.2-3.8‰, enhancing insect resistance by inducing chitinase production in plants.

[0084] During the soaking process, the solution concentration was checked every 12 hours using a sugar meter with an accuracy of ±0.5°Brix. If the concentration was lower than 3.0‰, chitosan oligosaccharide powder was added. The addition amount was calculated as follows: After soaking, sample the substrate to detect the residual amount of chitosan oligosaccharide, which should be ≥ 0.25 mg / g. If the residual amount is less than 0.2 mg / g, spray it with 0.2% chitosan oligosaccharide solution again and continue soaking for 12 hours.

[0085] S5: Matrix physicochemical regulation

[0086] Mix 80-mesh plant ash and quicklime (92% purity or higher) in a 3:1 mass ratio. Sprinkle the mixture into the substrate in three batches, with a 2-hour interval between each batch. Stir at a speed of 30 rpm and adjust the pH to 6.7 ± 0.1. This acid-base neutralization reaction stabilizes the substrate environment while releasing minerals such as calcium and potassium.

[0087] Use a pH meter to test different parts of the substrate every 30 minutes. When the pH value of the entire layer is within the range of 6.6-6.8 and the range is ≤0.2, it is considered qualified. If the pH is greater than 6.9, add decomposed pine needles to adjust it. The decomposed pine needles need to be crushed to 2mm and the addition amount is 5kg / m 3 If pH < 6.6, add mixed alkaline agent at a dosage of 2 kg / m 3 , until the target is reached.

[0088] Lay the substrate flat on a ventilation rack with a spacing of 25 cm between layers. Air-dry for 48 hours at a temperature of 22±3°C and a wind speed of 1.8 m / s until the moisture content is ≤7%. Use a dehumidifier with a dehumidification capacity of 30 L / d to assist in drying. When the substrate moisture content is ≤8%, place it in aluminum foil composite bags with an oxygen transmission rate of less than 3 cc / day and store in a cold storage at -20±1°C.

[0089] Before storage, samples are taken for an egg resurrection test. 50g of substrate is placed in a culture dish, 10mL of distilled water is added, and the substrate is incubated at 28°C for 10 days. The substrate is then observed under a 10x stereomicroscope. If live insects or hatched eggs are found, the entire batch of substrate must be reprocessed with S3-S5. In addition, samples of the substrate in stock are tested monthly, and the total number of microorganisms must be ≥5×10 6 CFU / g, otherwise the compost needs to be turned and 100mL / m 3 EM bacterial solution.

[0090] S6: Fermentation liquid atomization for insect prevention and fertilization

[0091] This step prepares the fermentation liquid and sprays it to achieve the dual effects of insect prevention and fertilization during the planting period. The details are as follows:

[0092] A fermentation solution with a pH of 4.2 and an amino acid content of ≥1.5% was diluted at a ratio of 1:220 and adjusted to a pH of 6.7 ± 0.1 using a 1 mol / L NaOH solution. 0.15% sodium alginate (1500 cP viscosity) was then added as a synergist. The mixture was then stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes to produce an atomized solution.

[0093] The formula for calculating the ratio is: Among them, V 水 is the amount of water added, V 原液 is the volume of fermentation broth, pH 原液 =4.2, pH 目标 =6.7.

[0094] Use an electric atomizer with a particle size of 60-90 μm and a flow rate of 0.8 L / min to spray the plants and substrate once every 4 weeks at a spraying rate of 180 mL / m 2, ensure that the leaf surface and the substrate surface are evenly sprayed. The spraying time is selected in the evening (18:00-19:00) to avoid strong light leading to decomposition of the pesticide.

[0095] The amount of liquid droplets on the leaves is detected 2 hours after spraying, and the number of liquid droplets on each square centimeter of the leaves is required to be not less than 30. If the number of liquid droplets is less than 20, the atomization pressure needs to be increased to 0.3 MPa. The detection is performed 7 days after spraying, and the increase in the SPAD value of the chlorophyll of the leaves is required to be ≥15%, and the reduction rate of the insect population is required to be ≥60%. If the increase in the chlorophyll is less than 10%, 0.3% of urea is added in the next spraying; if the reduction rate of the insect population is less than 50%, the concentration of the fermentation liquid needs to be increased to 1:200, and the pH value is controlled between 6.5-6.8.

[0096] S7: Preparation and application of plant source stimulant

[0097] In this step, the capsaicin soaking liquid and the pepper oil emulsion are prepared and alternately sprayed to achieve the prevention and control of dynamic insect pests during the planting period, which is as follows:

[0098] Preparation of capsaicin soaking liquid: dry chili with a pungency ≥50000 SHU is crushed to 60 mesh, and warm water with a temperature of 45±2℃ is added at a mass ratio of 1:7, and sealed for soaking for 30 hours. Stir every 8 hours during the period, and the stirring speed is 100 r / min. After soaking, filter to prepare a soaking liquid with a concentration of 14.3%. When used, dilute it by 12 times, and the amount of water added is 11 times the volume of the soaking liquid.

[0099] Use a portable pungency meter to detect the pungency of the diluted liquid, and the pungency is required to be ≥4000 SHU. If the pungency is less than 3500 SHU, add dry chili according to the original proportion, and soak for another 12 hours until the pungency meets the standard.

[0100] Preparation of pepper oil emulsion: take pepper essential oil with a limonene content ≥88%, and add emulsifier (Tween-80) at a ratio of 1:25, stir and emulsify at 60℃ for 30 minutes, and the stirring speed is 300 r / min, to prepare an essential oil mother liquor. When used, dilute the mother liquor by 25 times to make the concentration of essential oil reach 0.20%.

[0101] Let the diluted liquid stand for 48 hours, and observe whether there is a stratification phenomenon, and the oil phase precipitation amount is required to be ≤5%. If the stratification is obvious, the amount of emulsifier needs to be increased to 1:20, and the emulsification operation is performed again until the diluted liquid does not stratify after standing for 72 hours.

[0102] An alternating spraying program with a cycle of 14 days is established: S6 fermentation liquid with a pH value of 6.7 is sprayed in the first week, and plant source stimulant (pepper liquid or pepper emulsion) is sprayed in the second week, and the spraying amount is 150-180 mL / m 2. At the alternate interval, use 500 times EM bacteria liquid (100 mL / m 2 ) to root irrigation to enhance the activity of microorganisms in the substrate.

[0103] Period effect evaluation: After the end of each cycle, statistics are conducted:

[0104]

[0105] If the pest reduction rate is less than 60% or the plant disease rate is higher than 8%, the alternate cycle is shortened to 10 days, and the spraying of 0.2% garlicin solution is increased once.

[0106] S8: Stabilization treatment of the agent

[0107] This step realizes the shelf life extension and performance optimization of the finished agent by stabilizing the fermentation broth and plant source extract, as follows:

[0108] The planting period fermentation diluent with a pH value of 6.7 is filtered through a 0.45 μm membrane, 0.25% food-grade xanthan gum and 0.05% rosemary extract are added, and homogenization treatment is carried out at 35°C for 20 minutes, with a homogenization pressure of 15 MPa, to produce a stable liquid with a shelf life of 4 months. When stored at 25°C, the pH value fluctuation of the stable liquid is not more than 0.2.

[0109] Stability test: The finished liquid is stored at 40°C for 14 days, and the following indicators are required to be met:

[0110] (1) Turbidity ≤5 NTU; (2) pH value change ≤0.3; (3) Total number of microorganisms ≤500 CFU / mL.

[0111] If any of the indicators is unqualified, 0.1% xanthan gum is added and the homogenization time is extended to 30 minutes, and then the detection is carried out again.

[0112] The Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil with a limonene content of 1.5% is mixed with β-cyclodextrin at a mass ratio of 1:3.5, 5 times the volume of deionized water is added, and stirring is carried out at 45°C and pH 7.5 for 2.5 hours, with a stirring speed of 200 r / min, to produce a stable liquid with an embedding rate of ≥88%. When used, the stable liquid is diluted by 22 times.

[0113] The embedding rate calculation formula is: Wherein, the free limonene content is detected by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography, and the requirement is ≤0.12%. If the embedding rate is <85%, the amount of cyclodextrin is increased to 1:4, and the embedding is carried out again.

[0114] S9: Spraying specification and effect tracking

[0115] This step will achieve standardized and scientific pest control management by formulating spraying specifications and establishing a results tracking system. The details are as follows:

[0116] Use a handheld air pressure sprayer with a capacity of 1L and an atomized particle size of 120-150μm to spray the fermentation stabilized liquid and the plant-derived stabilized liquid alternately every 14 days.

[0117] Shake the solution well before spraying. Dilute the fermented liquid to a ratio of 1:50 and the plant-derived liquid to a ratio of 1:30. Spray evenly from a distance of 30-40 cm, until droplets just appear on the leaves but do not drip. Apply 50-80 ml per pot. Avoid watering within 2 hours after spraying.

[0118] Pest warning: Check the back of the plant leaves and the surface of the substrate every week. If the number of pests such as aphids and red spiders is ≥1 per plant, immediately increase the spraying of plant-based pesticides and increase the concentration by 20%.

[0119] Fertilizer efficiency evaluation: Use a portable chlorophyll meter to test the leaf SPAD value every month. If the decrease is more than 10% compared with the previous month, add 0.5% alginate fertilizer (diluted 800 times) + 0.2% pepper essential oil emulsion when spraying the fermentation liquid next time.

[0120] Substrate health: Check the substrate quarterly using a soil EC / pH meter with an accuracy of ±3%. The EC value should be <1.2mS / cm and the pH should be between 6.5-7.0. If outside these ranges, rinse the substrate with clean water at a volume twice the substrate volume.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above description are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to provide an exhaustive list of all embodiments. However, obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing insects from growing lawns and ornamental plants indoors, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Physical barrier and airtightness testing: By installing insect-proof nets in the growing shed and using the pressure differential detection method, physical barrier and airtightness of the growing shed can be guaranteed; S2: Establish plant barriers and evaluate their effectiveness. By planting insect-repellent plants and combining portable instruments with manual olfactory evaluation, the construction and effectiveness of three-dimensional plant barriers can be achieved. S3: High and low temperature synergistic pest control, through the synergistic effect of ultra-low temperature freezing and high temperature steam, it can effectively kill and inactivate insects, eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the matrix; S4: Acidification, fermentation and addition of microorganisms: By creating a low pH environment and adding beneficial microorganisms, the substrate ecology can be regulated and the hatching of insect eggs can be inhibited. S5: Physical and chemical regulation of the matrix, stabilizing the matrix environment through acid-base neutralization reaction; S6: Fermentation liquid atomization for insect control and fertilization. By preparing fermentation liquid and spraying it, the dual effects of insect control and fertilization during the planting period are achieved; S7: Preparation and application of plant-derived stimulants, by preparing capsaicin soaking solution and pepper essential oil emulsion and spraying them alternately to achieve dynamic pest control during the planting period; S8: Pharmaceutical stabilization treatment, through the stabilization of fermentation broth and plant-derived extracts, to achieve the extension of shelf life and optimization of performance of finished pharmaceutical products; S9: Spraying specifications and effect tracking. By formulating spraying specifications and establishing an effect tracking system, the scientific standardization of pest control management can be achieved.

2. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants to prevent insects as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1: The insect screen is a high-density polyethylene mesh with a pore size of 0.4 mm, fixed with aluminum alloy strips, and the edges are embedded 12 cm into the ground and sealed with concrete; The pressure difference detection method uses a portable barometer to detect the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the shed. The pressure attenuation is ≤2Pa, which is considered qualified. A sticky insect board is hung on the outside of the insect-proof net. A single sticky insect board is considered qualified if it captures ≤2 flying insects.

3. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing pests in indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2: The insect-resistant plants planted include pepper, mugwort and pyrethrum, and the planting density and physiological indicators must meet the set standards; Use a portable odor detector to test the relative concentration of volatile substances. A reading of ≥70% of the benchmark value is considered qualified. The artificial olfactory evaluation method is qualified if two of the three testers confirm that they can smell a clear irritating odor.

4. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing pests in indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3: The matrix was frozen in a freezer at −28 ± 2°C for 4 h, with a temperature fluctuation of no more than ± 1°C; After freezing, the cells were moved into a steam treatment chamber and 0.5 MPa saturated steam was introduced to raise the center temperature of the matrix to 88 ± 3 °C and kept warm for 50 minutes. After treatment, random samples are cultured for 14 days. If the number of hatched larvae is 0 / sample, it is qualified. If the number of hatched larvae is greater than 0 / sample, the high and low temperature treatment needs to be repeated once.

5. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing pests in indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4: Mix EM bacterial solution with fermented plant liquid with a pH value of 3.8, adjust the pH value to 5.0±0.1, spray the substrate, and seal and ferment for 24 hours; After the fermentation, the pH value of the substrate extract was 4.8-5.2, and the total number of microorganisms was ≥1×10 7 CFU / g; Add chitosan oligosaccharide solution and soak for 28 hours, and the residual chitosan oligosaccharide content is ≥0.25 mg / g.

6. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing pests in indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5: Use wood ash and quicklime in a mass ratio of 3:1 to adjust the pH value of the substrate to 6.7 ± 0.1; The substrate was air-dried to a moisture content of ≤7% and stored in a cold storage at -20±1°C; Before storage, an egg resurrection test is carried out. If there are no live insects or hatched eggs, it is qualified. If live insects or hatched eggs are found, the entire batch of substrates needs to be re-processed with S3-S5.

7. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing pests in indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6: The fermentation liquid was diluted to a pH of 6.7 ± 0.1, and sodium alginate was added as a synergist to prepare the atomized liquid; Use electric atomizer to spray at a rate of 180 mL / m 2 After spraying, the leaf chlorophyll SPAD value increased by ≥15%, and the insect population reduction rate was ≥60%.

8. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing pests in indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7: The spiciness of the capsaicin soaking solution is ≥4000SHU, and the essential oil concentration of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil emulsion is 0.20%; Establish a 14-day alternating spraying program, in which If the pest reduction rate is lower than 60% or the plant disease incidence rate is higher than 8%, shorten the alternation cycle to 10 days and add one more spray of 0.2% allicin solution.

9. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing pests in indoor planting of lawns and ornamental plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S8: The fermentation dilution is added with xanthan gum and rosemary extract, and the shelf life is 4 months after homogenization; Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil and β-cyclodextrin are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3.5, and the embedding efficiency is ≥88%. The calculation formula is: The free limonene content is detected by headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography, and is required to be ≤0.12%. If the embedding rate is <85%, the amount of cyclodextrin is increased to 1:4 and the inclusion is repeated.

10. A healthy and environmentally friendly method for preventing insects from growing lawns and ornamental plants indoors as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S9: Spray the fermentation stabilized liquid and the plant-derived stabilized liquid alternately every 14 days, and control the spraying amount to 50-80ml / pot; Test the leaf SPAD value every month, and test the substrate EC value and pH value every quarter to ensure that the EC value is less than 1.2mS / cm and the pH value is 6.5-7.0.

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