Forest management method for improving quality and efficiency of chinese fir plantation, application and chinese fir plantation

Abstract

The application discloses a forest management method for improving quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations, application and Chinese fir plantations, and the management method for improving quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations comprises the following steps: cutting part of trees in the Chinese fir forest, so that the remaining density of the existing stand is 100-1050 trees per hectare; planting valuable and native tree species in the gaps of the stand, and the number of the planted trees is 300-1260 trees per hectare; and the planted tree species are at least three of the following: Phoebe zhennan, Liquidambar formosana, Schima superba, Cinnamomum camphora, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Taxus wallichiana, Ginkgo biloba, Machilus zuihoensis, Melia azedarach and Sapium rotundifolium. 2 2 2 2 The valuable and native tree species are selected according to the local conditions, and the different-age, multi-layer and mixed stands are cultivated, the valuable timber is reserved, and the management purpose of improving quality and efficiency of the Chinese fir plantations is achieved.​​​

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of forest management technology, specifically relating to a forest management method and application for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations, and Chinese fir plantations. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is a tall tree belonging to the genus Cunninghamia in the family Cupressaceae. Its wood is yellowish-white and can be used as raw material for construction, bridges, and shipbuilding. Chinese fir is also wind-resistant and resistant to smoke and dust, making it suitable as a street tree and for creating windbreaks. As an important fast-growing timber species in southern my country, Chinese fir is characterized by its adaptability, rapid growth, and excellent wood quality, and it plays a dominant role in the cultivation of artificial forests throughout Hunan Province.

[0003] Traditional Chinese fir plantations adopt a monoculture management model, which can achieve high economic benefits in the short term. However, the long-term monoculture leads to problems such as soil degradation, biodiversity loss, and frequent pests and diseases, which seriously restrict the sustainable management of Chinese fir plantations.

[0004] Therefore, how to implement forest management methods that improve the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations is a key issue for enhancing the stability of forest ecosystems, storing precious timber, and achieving high-quality development of forestry in the province. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a forest management method, application, and Chinese fir plantation for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations. This forest management method can achieve the effects of improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations and sustainable management.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations includes the following steps:

[0008] Part of the Chinese fir forest will be felled to maintain a stand density of 100 trees / hm². 2 -1050 plants / hm 2 ;

[0009] Replant precious and native tree species in the gaps between forest stands, with a replanting density of 300 trees per hectare. 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 ;

[0010] The replanted tree species shall be at least three of the following: Phoebe bournei, Liquidambar formosana, Schima superba, Cinnamomum camphora, Quercus glauca, Taxus wallichiana, Ginkgo biloba, Schima superba, Magnolia officinalis, Melia toosendan, and Sapium sebiferum.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the age group of the Chinese fir plantation is at least one of middle-aged forest, near-mature forest and mature forest.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, based on the stand retention density after the transformation of the Chinese fir plantation, the number of replanted precious, native tree species satisfies any of the following:

[0013] The stand density of the transformed Chinese fir plantation is 100 trees / hm². 2 -250 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native tree species replanted was 675 trees / hm². 2 -890 plants / hm 2 ;

[0014] The stand density of the transformed Chinese fir plantation is 500 trees / hm². 2 -650 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native tree species replanted was 540 trees / hm². 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 ;

[0015] The stand density of the transformed Chinese fir plantation was 750 trees / hm². 2 -1050 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native tree species to be replanted is 300 trees / hm². 2 -870 plants / hm 2 .

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when felling part of the trees in a Chinese fir forest, the stand retention density after the transformation of the Chinese fir plantation for different age groups meets any of the following:

[0017] The Chinese fir plantation is a middle-aged forest, and the stand density after transformation is 800 trees / hm². 2 -1020 plants / hm 2 ;

[0018] The Chinese fir plantation is a near-mature forest, and the stand density after transformation is 500 trees / hm². 2 -600 plants / hm 2 ;

[0019] The Chinese fir plantation is a mature forest, and the stand density after transformation is 700 trees / hm². 2 -800 plants / hm 2 .

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the number of replanted precious and native tree species for different age groups satisfies any of the following:

[0021] The forest is classified as middle-aged, and the number of replanted precious and native tree species is 300 trees / hm². 2 -600 plants / hm 2 ;

[0022] The forest is classified as near-mature forest, with 540 trees / hm² of precious and native species replanted. 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 ;

[0023] The forest is classified as mature forest, with 675 trees / hm² of precious and native species replanted. 2 -870 plants / hm 2 .

[0024] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the age group of the planted Chinese fir forest is any one of middle-aged forest, near-mature forest and mature forest, and the precious and native tree species to be replanted are at least three of the following: Phoebe bournei, Liquidambar formosana, Quercus glauca, Cinnamomum camphora, Taxus wallichiana, Ginkgo biloba, Schima superba, Magnolia officinalis, Melia toosendan and Sapium sebiferum.

[0025] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the age group of the Chinese fir plantation is a middle-aged forest, and the ratio of the number of Chinese fir trees to precious and native tree species is (1.5-3):1.

[0026] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the age group of the Chinese fir plantation is a near-mature forest, and the ratio of the number of Chinese fir trees to precious and native tree species is 1:(1.0-2).

[0027] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the age group of the Chinese fir plantation is a mature forest, and the ratio of Chinese fir to precious and native tree species is 1:(1.5-6).

[0028] Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0029] A Chinese fir plantation obtained by a forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of the above-mentioned Chinese fir plantation.

[0030] Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0031] The application of a forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations in the improvement of the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations or the transformation of low-efficiency forests.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. This invention targets Chinese fir plantations of different age groups, and through dynamic adjustment of tree species configuration structure and stand density, selects precious and native tree species for replanting according to local conditions, so as to achieve the management goal of improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations.

[0034] 2. This invention, through early replanting of precious and native tree species, enables both the replanted species and the existing Chinese fir to better adapt to the environment, avoiding the problem of niche suppression faced by later replanting. When the stand density is high, the replanted tree species prioritize allocating resources to vertical growth to obtain sunlight. Therefore, implementing quality improvement and efficiency enhancement measures for Chinese fir plantations in the middle and young stages, while simultaneously replanting common precious and native tree species in the province such as Phoebe bournei, Schima superba, Quercus glauca, Liquidambar formosana, and Cinnamomum camphora, can achieve better quality improvement and efficiency enhancement results. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the growth performance of different age groups of Chinese fir and replanted tree species in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the growth performance of different replanted tree species in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0039] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations, including steps 1-2.

[0040] Step 1: Remove some of the existing Chinese fir trees to maintain a stand density of 100 trees / hm². 2 -1050 plants / hm 2 .

[0041] Specifically, thinning will keep the density of existing forest stands within a reasonable range, providing space for the replanting of precious and native tree species.

[0042] Step 2: Replant precious and native tree species in the thinned stands, with a replanting density of 300 trees / hm². 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 .

[0043] Specifically, at least three of the following precious and native tree species should be replanted: Phoebe bournei, Liquidambar formosana, Schima superba, Cinnamomum camphora, Quercus glauca, Taxus wallichiana, Ginkgo biloba, Schima superba, Magnolia officinalis, Melia toosendan, and Sapium sebiferum. The replanting will promote the growth of the Chinese fir forest by responding to the invasion and competition of the replanted tree species, while the replanted tree species will also show excellent growth performance.

[0044] Furthermore, the existing Chinese fir plantations are of at least one of the following age groups: middle-aged forest, near-mature forest, and mature forest. Replanting with precious and native tree species can help form a stable root system and canopy structure, thereby maximizing the growth potential of precious and native tree species and improving forest stand quality.

[0045] Furthermore, based on the retention density of the stands after thinning of Chinese fir, the number of replanted precious and native tree species should meet any of the following conditions: the retention density of the stands after thinning of Chinese fir is 100 trees / hm². 2 -250 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native tree species replanted was 675 trees / hm². 2 -890 plants / hm 2 The stand density after thinning of Chinese fir was 500 trees / hm². 2 -650 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native tree species replanted was 540 trees / hm². 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 The stand density after thinning of Chinese fir was 750 trees / hm². 2 -1050 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native plants to be replanted is 300 per hectare. 2 -870 plants / hm 2 .

[0046] Specifically, by controlling the retention density and the number of replanted trees, both the cedar trees and the replanted species showed good growth performance after replanting.

[0047] Furthermore, when felling some trees in the Chinese fir forest, the remaining density of Chinese fir trees should meet any of the following requirements for different age groups: if the Chinese fir plantation is a middle-aged forest, the retention density of the stand after transformation is 800 trees / hm². 2 -1020 plants / hm 2 The Chinese fir plantation is a near-mature forest, and the stand density after transformation is 500 trees / hm². 2 -600 plants / hm 2 The Chinese fir plantation is a mature forest, and the stand density after transformation is 700 trees / hm². 2 -800 plants / hm 2 .

[0048] Specifically, controlling the retention density for different age groups can better promote the growth of Chinese fir.

[0049] Furthermore, for different age groups, the number of replanted precious and native tree species should meet any of the following criteria: for middle-aged forests, the number of replanted precious and native tree species should be 300 trees / hm². 2 -600 plants / hm 2 The forest is classified as near-mature forest, with 540 trees / hm² of precious and native species replanted. 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 The forest is classified as mature forest, with 675 trees / hm² planted for precious and native species. 2 -870 plants / hm 2 .

[0050] Specifically, the responses of Chinese fir forests of different age groups to the invasion and competition of precious and native tree species are somewhat different. Controlling the number of precious and native tree species replanted according to age group can better optimize the growth of Chinese fir.

[0051] Furthermore, the age group of the Chinese fir forest can be any one of middle-aged, near-mature, or mature forests. The replanting of precious and native tree species includes at least three of the following: *Machilus chinensis*, *Liquidambar formosana*, *Quercus glauca*, *Cinnamomum camphora*, *Quercus glauca*, *Taxus wallichiana*, *Ginkgo biloba*, *Schima superba*, *Magnolia officinalis*, *Melia azedarach*, and *Sapium sebiferum*. For plantations of Chinese fir, the age group is middle-aged, with a ratio of Chinese fir to precious and native tree species of (1.5-3):1; for near-mature forests, the ratio is 1:(1.0-2); and for mature forests, the ratio is 1:(1.5-6). Combining Chinese fir forests of the above age groups with precious and native tree species in certain ratios can simultaneously promote the growth of both Chinese fir and precious and native tree species.

[0052] Furthermore, when replanting precious and native tree species, the tree pit is filled from bottom to top with soil mixed with bamboo fiber, soil mixed with modified zeolite powder, and soil mixed with unmodified zeolite powder. The modified zeolite powder is zeolite powder loaded with hyaluronic acid. Fertilizer is applied on top of the unmodified soil. After the soil is filled in the tree pit, it is watered.

[0053] Specifically, the bamboo fiber has a mesh size of 30-60 mesh, and the mixing ratio of bamboo fiber to soil is (3-5):20. The mixing ratio of modified zeolite powder to soil is (1-3):10, and the mixing ratio of unmodified zeolite powder to soil is (1-3):10. After fertilization, the fertilizer dissolves in water, and the water containing the fertilizer seeps down for the tree roots to absorb. The soil layer with added unmodified zeolite powder has high porosity, which can accelerate water infiltration. When water seeps into the soil layer mixed with modified zeolite powder, the zeolite powder can absorb the water containing fertilizer due to the strong water absorption of hyaluronic acid, achieving a storage effect. After the free fertilizer in the soil layer is absorbed, the zeolite powder can release the absorbed fertilizer for the trees to absorb and grow. Water permeates through a soil layer mixed with modified zeolite powder and then into a soil layer mixed with bamboo fiber. Bamboo fiber has good moisture absorption and release properties, which can conduct water and accelerate the flow of water containing fertilizer in the soil layer, thus making it more conducive to the absorption of tree roots.

[0054] Furthermore, the modified zeolite powder has a particle size of 100-120 mesh, while the unmodified zeolite powder has a particle size of 60-80 mesh. By controlling the mesh size, the soil layer mixed with unmodified zeolite powder has larger pores, which is conducive to the infiltration of water containing fertilizer, while the soil layer mixed with modified zeolite powder has smaller pores, resulting in slower water infiltration, which is conducive to the adsorption of fertilizer components by the modified zeolite powder.

[0055] Furthermore, the modified zeolite powder is prepared as follows:

[0056] Zeolite powder is soaked in a 25%-35% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and then heated at 70℃-80℃ for 1-2 hours to activate the zeolite powder and increase its hydroxyl content. The powder is then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain activated zeolite powder.

[0057] Activated zeolite powder and a hyaluronic acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 2 mg / ml-3 mg / ml are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(3-4), soaked for 2-3 hours, and filtered to obtain modified zeolite powder.

[0058] Specifically, the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid is 800,000 to 1,500,000 Daltons. Choosing a suitable molecular weight of hyaluronic acid is beneficial for it to be loaded onto the pores and surface of zeolite powder, so that when hyaluronic acid absorbs water, it can also load the fertilizer components in the water onto the zeolite powder.

[0059] Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides a Chinese fir plantation obtained by the above-mentioned forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations.

[0060] Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations in the improvement of the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations.

[0061] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] Nine experimental plots and two control plots were selected in Jindong Forest Farm of Qiyang City, Yangtang Forest Farm of Ningyuan County, Tian'eshan Forest Farm of Zixing City, and Taodong Forest Farm and Chaoyang Forest Farm of Guidong County, Hunan Province. Specifically, Jindong Forest Farm had plots 1, 2, and 2 (control plot 2-DZYD); Yangtang Forest Farm had plots 3, 4, and 4 (control plot 4-DZYD); Tian'eshan Forest Farm had plots 5 and 6; Taodong Forest Farm had plot 7; and Chaoyang Forest Farm had plots 8 and 9. The age groups of the Chinese fir forests in this invention are: young forests: 1-10 years; middle-aged forests: 11-20 years; near-mature forests: 21-25 years; and mature forests: 26-35 years.

[0064] Before March, the Chinese fir forests in the experimental and control plots were thinned to maintain a certain density. A certain number of precious and native tree species were replanted in the experimental plots. The original tree species composition, age group of Chinese fir forests, initial planting density, replanted tree species, age group of replanted tree species, total number of replanted trees, and existing stand density after replanting in the experimental and control plots are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1. Setup of experimental and control plots

[0066]

[0067] Table 2. Specific tree species configurations after replanting in the experimental and control plots.

[0068]

[0069] After replanting precious and native tree species, the basic information of the sample plots was monitored for three consecutive years (October 2022, October 2023, and October 2024), and growth index factors such as diameter at breast height (or ground diameter / d) and tree height (h) were measured. The details are shown in Table 3, where d is the average diameter at breast height and h is the average tree height.

[0070] Table 3 Tree species growth indicators over three years

[0071]

[0072] Table 4. Growth differences among tree species in stands with different Chinese fir retention densities

[0073]

[0074] Note: * indicates measurement data for trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm or more.

[0075] Table 5. Growth performance of Chinese fir at different retention densities in different age groups.

[0076]

[0077] Table 6. Growth performance of each tree species in different age groups of forest stands.

[0078]

[0079] Note: * indicates measurement data for trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm or more.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] Select 120-mesh zeolite powder, mix it with a 30% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 1:5, heat at 70℃ for 1 hour, then filter, wash with water, and dry to obtain activated zeolite powder. Dissolve hyaluronic acid with a molecular weight of 1 million Daltons in water to prepare a 2 mg / ml treatment solution, mix the activated zeolite powder and the treatment solution at a mass ratio of 1:4, soak for 2 hours, filter, and obtain modified zeolite powder.

[0082] Plot A was established at Jindong Forest Farm, with the same tree species configuration as plot 2. Plot B was established at Yangtang Forest Farm, with the same tree species configuration as plot 4. Corresponding tree species were replanted in March. The planting pit depth was set at 25cm. When backfilling the soil, soil mixed with 50-mesh bamboo fiber was filled at a depth of 22cm (bamboo fiber to soil mass ratio of 5:20), soil mixed with 120-mesh modified zeolite powder was filled at a depth of 20cm (modified zeolite powder to soil mass ratio of 1:10), and soil mixed with 80-mesh zeolite powder was filled at a depth of 17cm (zeolite powder to soil mass ratio of 1:10). Fertilizer was applied at a depth of 15cm in the tree pit, at a rate of 110g per tree. The fertilizer used was a commercially available fertilizer; in this example, the fertilizer was selected from Stanley. The fertilizer contained 15% total nitrogen (N), 15% water-soluble phosphorus (P2O5), and 15% soluble potassium (K2O), with a total nutrient content ≥45%. After filling the pit with soil, the soil was watered appropriately.

[0083] At the same time, deep tillage was carried out on other tree species in the Chinese fir forest, with a tillage depth of 20 cm and a tillage area of ​​10 m². 2 Fertilize each plant during deep tilling, at a depth of 15cm and a dosage of 100g per plant.

[0084] After replanting the trees, deep tilling and fertilization should be carried out once a year in March using the same deep tilling method.

[0085] Table 7 Tree species growth indicators in plots A and B over three years

[0086]

[0087] Analysis of tree species configuration, as shown in Table 3, revealed that the experimental plots exhibited superior growth compared to the control plots. Specifically, plots 3 and 4 showed excellent growth of Chinese fir, with average annual diameter at breast height (DBH) increases of 0.4-0.6 cm and 0.4-0.9 cm, respectively, and average annual tree height increases of 0.9-1.4 m and 0.7-1.4 m, respectively. These two plots represented middle-aged and near-mature forests, respectively. The replanted species were *Machilus chinensis*, *Liquidambar formosana*, and *Photinia serratifolia*, *Machilus chinensis*, and *Symplocos edulis*, respectively. The ratio of dominant species (Chinese fir) to replanted species was 1.9:1 and 1:1.9, respectively. The remaining seven plots showed slower growth of Chinese fir, with average annual DBH increases between 0.2-0.6 cm and average annual tree height increases between 0.1-0.9 m. In addition, the growth of the replanted tree species all showed a year-on-year growth trend. The tree species replanted in plot 7 grew the best, followed by the tree species replanted in plots 2 and 4, while the tree species replanted in plots 1, 8 and 9 grew the worst.

[0088] Analysis of the retention density of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and, as shown in Table 4, revealed a significant impact of different stand retention densities on Chinese fir growth. The average annual growth of average diameter at breast height (DBH) and average tree height was positively correlated with retention density. For replanted tree species, the average annual growth of average DBH did not differ significantly among the three Chinese fir retention densities, while the average annual growth of average tree height differed significantly, showing a positive correlation with Chinese fir retention density. According to Table 5, under different Chinese fir retention densities, stand No. 3 showed the best growth in the middle-aged forest stage, stand No. 4 showed the best growth in the near-mature forest stage, and stand No. 9 showed the best growth in the mature forest stage.

[0089] From age group analysis, combined Figure 1 As shown in Table 6, the growth of the dominant tree species *Cunninghamia lanceolata* varied significantly across different age groups. The average annual increase in diameter at breast height (DBH) was 0.47 cm, 0.40 cm, and 0.52 cm for the middle-aged, near-mature, and mature forests, respectively, with the mature forest showing the highest value, followed by the middle-aged forest. The average annual increase in tree height was 0.57 m, 0.40 m, and 0.45 m, respectively, with the middle-aged forest showing the highest value, followed by the mature forest. The near-mature forest had the lowest average annual increase in both indicators among the three age groups. Significant differences in growth among replanted tree species were observed across the three age groups. The average annual increase in DBH and tree height was negatively correlated with the age group of the stand. In the middle-aged, near-mature, and mature *Cunninghamia lanceolata* forests, the average annual increase in DBH for replanted tree species was 0.94 cm, 0.72 cm, and 0.35 cm, respectively, and the average annual increase in tree height was 0.89 m, 0.54 m, and 0.27 m, respectively. In the three age groups of forest stands, the average number of replanted trees was 450 per hectare. 2 ,917 plants / hm 2 and 773 plants / hm 2 .

[0090] Based on the analysis of the growth performance of the replanted tree species, combined with Figure 2 According to Table 2, the average annual growth of diameter at breast height (DBH) among the replanted species in the Chinese fir plantation is ranked as follows: *Quercus glauca* > *Symplocos macrantha* > *Cinnamomum camphora* > *Liquidambar formosana* > *Machilus chinensis* > *Magnolia officinalis* > *Taxus wallichiana* > *Ginkgo biloba*. The average annual growth of tree height is ranked as follows: *Quercus glauca* > *Symplocos macrantha* > *Liquidambar formosana* > *Machilus chinensis* > *Cinnamomum camphora* > *Magnolia officinalis* > *Taxus wallichiana* > *Ginkgo biloba*. *Quercus glauca* and *Symplocos macrantha* showed relatively good growth, while *Machilus chinensis*, *Liquidambar formosana*, and *Cinnamomum camphora* exhibited stable growth. *Taxus wallichiana* and *Ginkgo biloba* showed relatively poor growth. When broad-leaved trees such as *Machilus chinensis* and *Liquidambar formosana* were replanted together with *Magnolia officinalis*, the performance was the worst, while *Magnolia officinalis* also showed only average growth.

[0091] Therefore, as shown in Example 1, the growth of both Chinese fir and the replanted tree species in stands planted with common and precious native broad-leaved tree species such as *Machilus macrantha*, *Liquidambar formosana*, *Schima superba*, *Cinnamomum camphora*, and *Quercus glauca* was good. The stands and replanted tree species showed better growth primarily in middle-aged forests, while those showing poorer growth were mainly in mature forests. This indicates that trees replanted early are better able to adapt to the environment, forming stable root systems and canopy structures; later replanting faces the suppression of established ecological niches. Improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations should be carried out in the young and middle-aged forest stage, and should not exceed the near-mature forest stage.

[0092] As can be seen from Example 2, when replanting trees, the soil in the tree pit is treated with modified zeolite powder, which allows the modified zeolite powder to adsorb and gradually release fertilizer components, so that there are continuous nutrients for the roots to absorb, which is beneficial to the growth of trees.

[0093] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Part of the Chinese fir forest will be felled to maintain a stand density of 100 trees / hm². 2 -1050 plants / hm 2 ; Replant precious and native tree species in the gaps between forest stands, with a replanting density of 300 trees per hectare. 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 ; The replanted tree species shall be at least three of the following: Phoebe bournei, Liquidambar formosana, Camphor tree, Quercus glauca, Taxus wallichiana, Ginkgo biloba, Schima superba, Magnolia officinalis, Melia toosendan, and Sapium sebiferum. When replanting precious and native tree species, the soil mixed with bamboo fiber, soil mixed with modified zeolite powder, and soil mixed with unmodified zeolite powder are filled into the tree pit from bottom to top. The modified zeolite powder is zeolite powder loaded with hyaluronic acid. Fertilizer is applied on top of the soil mixed with unmodified zeolite powder. After the soil is filled into the tree pit, water is applied. The mesh size of bamboo fiber is 30-60 mesh. The mixing mass ratio of bamboo fiber to soil is (3-5):

20. The mixing mass ratio of modified zeolite powder to soil is (1-3):

10. The mixing mass ratio of unmodified zeolite powder to soil is (1-3):

10.

2. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The age group of the Chinese fir plantation is at least one of the following: middle-aged forest, near-mature forest, and mature forest.

3. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the stand retention density after the transformation of the Chinese fir plantation, the number of replanted precious and native tree species shall meet any of the following requirements: The stand density of the transformed Chinese fir plantation is 100 trees / hm². 2 -250 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native tree species replanted was 675 trees / hm². 2 -890 plants / hm 2 ; The stand density of the transformed Chinese fir plantation is 500 trees / hm². 2 -650 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native tree species replanted was 540 trees / hm². 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 ; The stand density of the transformed Chinese fir plantation was 750 trees / hm². 2 -1050 plants / hm 2 The number of precious and native tree species to be replanted is 300 trees / hm². 2 -870 plants / hm 2 .

4. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that, When felling some trees in a Chinese fir forest, the stand retention density after the transformation of the Chinese fir plantation should meet any of the following requirements for different age groups: The Chinese fir plantation is a middle-aged forest, and the stand density after transformation is 800 trees / hm². 2 -1020 plants / hm 2 ; The Chinese fir plantation is a near-mature forest, and the stand density after transformation is 500 trees / hm². 2 -600 plants / hm 2 ; The Chinese fir plantation is a mature forest, and the stand density after transformation is 700 trees / hm². 2 -800 plants / hm 2 .

5. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that, For different age groups, the number of replanted precious and native tree species should meet any of the following requirements: The forest is classified as middle-aged, and the number of replanted precious and native tree species is 300 trees / hm². 2 -600 plants / hm 2 ; The forest is classified as near-mature forest, with 540 trees / hm² of precious and native species replanted. 2 -1260 plants / hm 2 ; The forest is classified as mature forest, with 675 trees / hm² of precious and native species replanted. 2 -870 plants / hm 2 .

6. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The age group of the planted Chinese fir forest is any one of middle-aged forest, near-mature forest, and mature forest, and the precious and native tree species to be replanted are at least three of the following: Phoebe bournei, Liquidambar formosana, Quercus glauca, Cinnamomum camphora, Taxus wallichiana, Ginkgo biloba, Schima superba, Magnolia officinalis, Melia toosendan, and Sapium sebiferum.

7. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plantation of Chinese fir is a middle-aged forest, and the ratio of Chinese fir to precious and native tree species is (1.5-3):

1.

8. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plantation of Chinese fir is a near-mature forest, and the ratio of Chinese fir to precious and native tree species is 1:(1.0-2).

9. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plantation of Chinese fir is a mature forest, and the ratio of Chinese fir to precious and native tree species is 1:(1.5-6).

10. The Chinese fir plantation obtained by the forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. The forest management method for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations as described in any one of claims 1-9 is applied to the improvement of the quality and efficiency of Chinese fir plantations or the transformation of low-efficiency forests.

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