Preparation method and use method of sorghum biological seed dressing agent
By preparing a biological seed dressing agent containing Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma, combined with a three-time seed dressing method, the problem of chemical pesticide pollution in sorghum cultivation was solved, and a high germination rate and disease resistance of sorghum seeds were achieved, which is suitable for green production in wineries.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510830870.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the mixing of chemical pesticides with sorghum seeds during planting causes soil pollution and food safety risks, is not suitable for the green production required by wineries, and lacks safe and efficient biological seed dressing agents.
Seed dressing agents 1 and 2 were prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma with corn flour. A protective film was formed on the surface of sorghum seeds through three seed dressing methods. Combined with sodium alginate and rose essence, the protective film promoted seed germination and enhanced disease resistance.
It significantly improves the germination rate of sorghum seeds and the growth and development of seedlings, enhances resistance to smut, is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and meets the green production requirements of wineries.
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a biological seed dressing agent for sorghum and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] Sorghum is an important food crop and forage crop, and is widely planted in the world. Shaanxi Province is an important production area of sorghum, and there are many distilleries in the region. Well-known distilleries include Xifeng Liquor and Liulin Liquor, and the requirements for sorghum planting technology are relatively high. In the process of sorghum planting, seed treatment is crucial for improving seed germination rate, enhancing seedling resistance, preventing diseases and insect pests, and ultimately improving the yield and quality of sorghum for liquor production. Traditional seed treatment methods mostly use chemical pesticide seed dressing, which can prevent and control diseases and insect pests to some extent. However, long-term and large-scale use of chemical pesticides not only causes soil pollution and ecological imbalance, but also may lead to residues in agricultural products, endangering food safety. With the emphasis on green agriculture and ecological agriculture, the development of safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly biological seed dressing agents is of great importance to the production of sorghum for liquor production in the region.
[0003] Currently, distilleries have high requirements for raw grains for liquor production, which generally should meet green production standards. Therefore, chemical pesticide seed dressing is generally not allowed for sorghum for liquor production, as it may result in poor emergence, weak resistance, and heavy diseases and insect pests. Therefore, the development of a biological seed dressing agent with excellent comprehensive performance, which can effectively promote seed germination and seedling growth and enhance the resistance of individual sorghum plants, is of great significance to the green production of sorghum for liquor production and the construction of raw grain bases. SUMMARY
[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a preparation method of a biological seed dressing agent for sorghum and a use method thereof. The prepared biological seed dressing agent can significantly improve the emergence rate of sorghum seeds, promote the growth and development of seedlings, and also enhance the resistance of sorghum plants to scab.
[0005] A preparation method of a biological seed dressing agent for sorghum, the biological seed dressing agent comprising a seed dressing agent 1 and a seed dressing agent 2, the preparation method comprising the following steps: (1) mixing Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma with corn flour, adding water to stir into a paste, and culturing at 25-30℃ for 48-60h to obtain a bacterial body; (2) kneading the bacterial body into a cube, drying at room temperature, and grinding into powder to obtain the seed dressing agent 1; (3) uniformly mixing sodium alginate with water to obtain the seed dressing agent 2.
[0006] Preferably, the total weight of the Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma to the weight of the corn flour is 1:300-500; and the weight ratio of the Bacillus subtilis to the Trichoderma is 1:1.
[0007] Preferably, the weight ratio of sodium alginate to water in step (3) is 1-5:100.
[0008] Preferably, step (2) is drying at room temperature to a moisture content of 13-15%.
[0009] Preferably, the grinding in step (2) is to a particle size of ≤50 μm.
[0010] Preferably, the side length of the cube is 1.5-2 cm.
[0011] A method for using a sorghum biological seed dressing agent, wherein the biological seed dressing agent is prepared by the preparation method of the present invention, and the method for using the biological seed dressing agent is as follows: (1) First seed dressing: Add seed dressing agent 2 to sorghum seeds and stir evenly to form a protective film on the seed surface; (2) Second seed dressing: add seed dressing agent 1, stir evenly, and dry at room temperature for 0.5-1h; (3) Three seed dressings: Add seed dressing agent 2 and rose essence, stir evenly, and a second layer of protective film with a warning color will form on the surface of the seeds.
[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the seed dressing agent 2 accounts for 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the sorghum seeds.
[0013] Preferably, the seed dressing agent 1 accounts for 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the sorghum seeds.
[0014] Preferably, in step (iii), the weight ratio of the seed dressing agent 2 to the rose essence is 500-1000:1, and the total weight of the seed dressing agent 2 and the rose essence accounts for 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the sorghum seeds.
[0015] Advantages of the present invention: (1) Promote germination and enhance disease resistance: Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma produce a variety of plant hormones and enzymes around the seeds, which improve the growth and development of seeds, and can form antibiotics, chitinase, etc. to inhibit or kill harmful pathogens; (2) Good stability: Seed dressing agent 1 and seed dressing agent 2 are used in sequence to maximize the synergistic effect, effectively promote the growth and disease resistance of seeds, and increase yields; the first seed dressing can form a protective film layer on the surface of sorghum seeds; the second seed dressing attaches the bioactive ingredients to the protective film layer on the surface of the sorghum seeds, making the contact uniform and without dead corners; the third seed dressing forms a protective film on the outer layer of the bioactive ingredients again, and is also equipped with a warning color. Through the three seed dressings, the uneven surface of the sorghum seeds is evenly covered with active ingredients and a protective film is formed, which can effectively protect the active ingredients in the seed dressing and slowly release them; (3) Green and environmentally friendly: The biological seed dressing agent of the present invention has microorganisms as its main component, does not contain harmful chemicals, and has no adverse effects on the soil and the environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] Example 1 1. A method for preparing a sorghum biological seed dressing agent, the biological seed dressing agent comprising a seed dressing agent 1 and a seed dressing agent 2, the preparation method comprising the following steps: (1) Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma are mixed with corn flour, water is added and stirred into a paste, and the mixture is cultured at 30°C for 48 hours to obtain bacterial cells; wherein the weight ratio of the total weight of the Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma to the corn flour is 1:300, and the weight ratio of the Bacillus subtilis to Trichoderma is 1:1; (2) The bacterial cells were kneaded into a cube with a side length of 2 cm, dried at room temperature to a moisture content of 14%, and ground into powder to a particle size of ≤50 μm to obtain seed dressing agent 1; (3) Sodium alginate and water were mixed evenly at a weight ratio of 5:100 to obtain seed dressing agent 2.
[0017] 2. The method for using the biological seed dressing comprises the following steps: (1) First seed dressing: Add seed dressing agent 2 to the sorghum seeds at a concentration of 0.1% by weight of the sorghum seeds and stir evenly to form a protective film on the surface of the seeds; (2) Second seed dressing: Add seed dressing agent 1 to the sorghum seeds at a concentration of 0.1% by weight, stir evenly, and dry at room temperature for 0.5 h. (3) Three seed dressings: Add seed dressing agent 2 and rose essence at a mass ratio of 500:1 to 0.1% of the weight of the sorghum seeds, stir evenly, and a second layer of protective film with a warning color will form on the surface of the seeds.
[0018] Example 2 1. A method for preparing a sorghum biological seed dressing agent, the biological seed dressing agent comprising a seed dressing agent 1 and a seed dressing agent 2, the preparation method comprising the following steps: (1) Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma are mixed with corn flour, water is added and stirred into a paste, and cultured at 25°C for 60 hours to obtain bacterial cells; wherein the weight ratio of the total weight of the Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma to the corn flour is 1:500, and the weight ratio of the Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma is 1:1; (2) The bacterial cells were kneaded into cubes with a side length of 1.5 cm, dried at room temperature to a moisture content of 15%, and ground into powder to a particle size of ≤50 μm to obtain seed dressing agent 1; (3) Sodium alginate and water were mixed evenly at a weight ratio of 1:100 to obtain seed dressing agent 2.
[0019] 2. The use method of the biological seed dressing, comprising the following steps: (I) first seed dressing: 0.3% of the biological seed dressing 2 is added to the sorghum seeds according to the weight of the sorghum seeds, and stirred uniformly to form a protective film on the surface of the seeds; (II) second seed dressing: 0.3% of the biological seed dressing 1 is added to the sorghum seeds according to the weight of the sorghum seeds, and stirred uniformly, and dried at room temperature for 1 h; (III) third seed dressing: 0.3% of the biological seed dressing 2 and rose essence with a mass ratio of 1000:1 are added to the sorghum seeds according to the weight of the sorghum seeds, and stirred uniformly to form a two-layer protective film with a warning color on the surface of the seeds.
[0020] Example 3 1. A preparation method of a biological seed dressing for sorghum, the biological seed dressing comprising a seed dressing 1 and a seed dressing 2, the preparation method comprising the following steps: (1) Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma sp. are mixed with corn flour, water is added and stirred into a paste, and the paste is cultured at 28°C for 50 h to obtain a bacterial body; wherein the total weight of the Bacillus subtilis and the Trichoderma sp. and the weight of the corn flour are in a ratio of 1:400, and the weight ratio of the Bacillus subtilis and the Trichoderma sp. is 1:1; (2) the bacterial body is kneaded into a cube with a side length of 2 cm, dried at room temperature to a moisture content of 13%, and ground to a particle size of ≤50 microns to obtain the seed dressing 1; (3) sodium alginate and water are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 3:100 to obtain the seed dressing 2.
[0021] 2. The use method of the biological seed dressing, comprising the following steps: (I) first seed dressing: 0.2% of the biological seed dressing 2 is added to the sorghum seeds according to the weight of the sorghum seeds, and stirred uniformly to form a protective film on the surface of the seeds; (II) second seed dressing: 0.2% of the biological seed dressing 1 is added to the sorghum seeds according to the weight of the sorghum seeds, and stirred uniformly, and dried at room temperature for 0.6 h; (III) third seed dressing: 0.2% of the biological seed dressing 2 and rose essence with a mass ratio of 600:1 are added to the sorghum seeds according to the weight of the sorghum seeds, and stirred uniformly to form a two-layer protective film with a warning color on the surface of the seeds.
[0022] Example 4 In 2022, Liaohua 19, a hybrid sorghum variety from Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, was selected as the test material. The test group, control group 1 and control group 2 were set up, each group had 3 repeats, and 100 seeds were planted in each group (row spacing 50 cm, plant spacing 18.75 cm); The seeds of the test group were dressed with the biological seed dressing prepared in Example 1 and the method; The control group 1 does not use the seed dressing agent (without treatment); The control group 2 uses the biological seed dressing agent prepared in example 1, but the use method is different from that of example 1, specifically as follows: after the seed dressing agent 1, the seed dressing agent 2 and the rose essence are uniformly mixed, they are mixed and stirred with the sorghum seeds, and then dried at room temperature for 0.5h to complete the seed dressing; the use amount of the seed dressing agent 1, the seed dressing agent 2 and the rose essence is the same as that of the test group; All seeds are sowed in sufficient soil, and field management is carried out according to the conventional sorghum planting management method. The seed emergence rate of three repetitions is determined 15 days after sowing, and the average value is taken; the seedling height of three repetitions is determined at the seedling stage (25 days after emergence), and the average value is taken; the occurrence of smut is investigated at the heading stage of sorghum growth, and the yield is counted at the mature stage, and the average value is taken. The test results are shown in Table 1; Table 1 Test results of Liaozha 19 Example 5 In 2023, the hybrid sorghum variety Hongdianzi from Northwest A & F University was selected as the test material. The test group used the seed dressing agent and use method of example 2, and the control group 2 used the seed dressing agent of example 2, dried at room temperature for 1h, and the others were the same as example 4. The results are shown in Table 2; Table 2 Test results of Hongdianzi Example 6 In 2024, the hybrid sorghum variety Liaozha 57 from Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences was selected as the test material. The test group used the seed dressing agent and use method of example 3, and the control group 2 used the seed dressing agent of example 3, dried at room temperature for 0.6h, and the others were the same as example 4. The results are shown in Table 3; Table 3 Test results of Liaozha 57 As can be seen from Tables 1-3, the method provided by the present application has a greater influence on the growth and development, disease resistance and yield of sorghum, and the effect is significantly better than that of the control group.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a sorghum biological seed dressing agent, characterized in that: The biological seed dressing agent includes seed dressing agent 1 and seed dressing agent 2, and the preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma are mixed with corn flour, water is added and stirred into a paste, and cultured at 25-30°C for 48-60 hours to obtain bacterial cells; (2) shaping the bacterial cells into cubes, drying them at room temperature, and grinding them into powder to obtain seed dressing agent 1; (3) Mix sodium alginate and water evenly to obtain seed dressing agent 2.
2. The method for preparing a sorghum biological seed dressing agent according to claim 1, wherein: The weight ratio of the total weight of the Bacillus subtilis and the Trichoderma to the corn flour is 1:300-500; the weight ratio of the Bacillus subtilis and the Trichoderma is 1:
1.
3. The method for preparing a sorghum biological seed dressing agent according to claim 2, wherein: The weight ratio of sodium alginate to water in step (3) is 1-5:
100.
4. The method for preparing a sorghum biological seed dressing agent according to claim 1, wherein: Step (2) is drying at room temperature to a moisture content of 13-15%.
5. The method for preparing a sorghum biological seed dressing agent according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step (2) is grinding the powder to a particle size of ≤50 μm.
6. The method for preparing a sorghum biological seed dressing agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side length of the cube is 1.5-2 cm.
7. A method for using a sorghum biological seed dressing agent, characterized in that: The biological seed dressing agent is prepared by the preparation method according to claim 1, and the method of use is as follows: (1) First seed dressing: Add seed dressing agent 2 to sorghum seeds and stir evenly; (2) Second seed dressing: add seed dressing agent 1, stir evenly, and dry at room temperature for 0.5-1h; (3) Third seed dressing: Add seed dressing agent 2 and rose essence and stir evenly.
8. The method for using the sorghum biological seed dressing agent according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (1), the seed dressing agent 2 accounts for 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the sorghum seeds.
9. The method for using the sorghum biological seed dressing agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: The seed dressing agent 1 accounts for 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the sorghum seeds.
10. The method for using the sorghum biological seed dressing agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (3), the weight ratio of the seed dressing agent 2 to the rose essence is 500-1000:1, and the total weight of the seed dressing agent 2 and the rose essence accounts for 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the sorghum seeds.