Recyclable intestine stoma reinfusion device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical supplies, and particularly discloses a recyclable reinfusion intestinal stoma device which comprises a stoma bottom sheet, a drainage tube, a drainage tube, a drainage tube and a drainage tube, and the stoma bottom sheet is used for being attached to a stoma position of a patient; the outer ring plate is rotationally sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring plate at the top of the stoma bottom sheet through a clamping component; the clamping assembly comprises a sleeve installed on the outer side face of the circumference of the outer ring plate. The inner pipe is inserted into the sleeve, and the elastic force of the first elastic piece drives the inner pipe to move inwards; and the rotating rod is spirally inserted into the inner pipe, and the inwards-moving rotating rod pushes the extrusion part to make contact with the inner side wall of the annular groove of the inner annular plate. The inner side end of the inner pipe and the extrusion part are clamped in the annular groove through the elastic force of the first elastic part, the outer annular plate is limited through cooperation of the inner pipe and the extrusion part, the ostomy bag and the ostomy bottom piece are prevented from being separated due to rotation or collision, and the continuous connection effect of the ostomy bag and the ostomy bottom piece is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical supplies, and in particular relates to a circulatory enterostomy device. Background Art

[0002] The intestinal fluid lost in the patient's stoma excreta contains rich digestive enzymes, water and electrolytes. Large amounts of loss can lead to malnutrition and water and electrolyte disorders.

[0003] The traditional reinfusion method involves collecting intestinal fluid, filtering it, and then reinfusing it into the body, all of which is done manually by nurses. The entire process is cumbersome and the intestinal fluid is easily dissipated, leading to intestinal fluid leakage.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a circulatory enterostomy device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a circulatory return enterostomy device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a recyclable enterostomy device, comprising: a stoma base plate for attaching to the stoma position of a patient; an ostomy bag, an outer ring plate of which is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of an inner ring plate on the top of the stoma base plate by a clamping assembly; the clamping assembly comprises: a sleeve, which is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring plate; an inner tube, which is inserted into the sleeve, and the elastic force of the first elastic member drives the inner tube to move inward; a rotating rod, which is spirally inserted into the inner tube, and the inward-moving rotating rod pushes the extrusion component to contact the inner side wall of the annular groove of the inner ring plate; a liquid storage tank, which uses a first pipe to extract intestinal fluid inside the ostomy bag, and a driving component uses a second pipe to pass the intestinal fluid inside the liquid storage tank into the patient's intestine.

[0007] Furthermore, a drainage port is provided at the center of the stoma bottom film, and the patient's intestinal fluid flows into the stoma bag through the drainage port, and the inner end of the second pipe is inserted into the patient's intestine through the drainage port.

[0008] Furthermore, the extrusion component includes: an inner rod, which passes through the inner end of the inner tube; a pressure head, which is fixed to the end of the inner rod, and the rotating rod causes the inner rod to move inward; and a second elastic member, which drives the inner rod to move outward.

[0009] Furthermore, a sliding groove corresponding to the inner rod is opened on the surface of the inner tube, the second elastic member is located inside the sliding groove, and a round rod corresponding to the inner tube is provided at the center of the inner rod, and the outer circumferential surface of the round rod is in contact with the inner wall of the inner tube.

[0010] Furthermore, a placement groove corresponding to the inner rod is opened on the inner side wall of the outer ring plate, and the outward-moving inner rod drives the pressure head into the placement groove.

[0011] Further, the stoma bag side is provided with a locking assembly for defining a second pipeline, the locking assembly comprising: a pasting plate mounted on the stoma bag side by a bolt component; a defining ring for sleeving outside the second pipeline; a pressing head for pressing the circumferential outer side of the second pipeline; and an elastic ring for driving the inner side end of the pressing head to be close to the second pipeline.

[0012] Further, the circumferential outer side of the defining ring is provided with two side grooves, and the inner side end of the pressing head is inserted into the side grooves.

[0013] Further, the side grooves are both fixed with a stop edge, the inner side of the stop edge is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the two side faces of the pressing head are both fixed with a convex rod, the pressing head is lowered in the arc-shaped groove by the convex rod, and the inner side end of the lowered pressing head is close to the second pipeline.

[0014] Technical effects and advantages of the present application: 1. The elastic force of the first elastic member enables the inner side end of the inner tube and the pressing component to be clamped in the ring groove, the outer ring plate is defined by the cooperation of the inner tube and the pressing component, the separation of the stoma bag and the stoma bottom sheet due to rotation or collision is avoided, and the continuous connection effect of the stoma bag and the stoma bottom sheet is ensured.

[0015] 2. The elastic force of the elastic ring enables the inner side end of the pressing head to press the second pipeline, the two pressing heads enable the second pipeline to be defined inside the defining ring, the connection stability of the second pipeline and the stoma bag is ensured, the second pipeline is prevented from being pulled out of the stoma bag, and the injury of the intestinal tract of the patient due to pulling out is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a whole schematic view of a recyclable intestinal stoma device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic view of an outer ring plate sleeved on an inner ring plate according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a whole schematic view of a clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a whole schematic view of a locking assembly according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic view of an elastic ring bottom end connected with a pressing head according to an embodiment of the present application; In the figure: 1, stoma bottom sheet; 101, inner ring plate; 102, ring groove; 103, liquid outlet; 2, stoma bag; 201, outer ring plate; 202, placing groove; 3, sleeve; 301, movable groove; 4, inner tube; 401, side rod; 5, first elastic member; 6, rotating rod; 7, liquid storage tank; 701, first pipeline; 702, second pipeline; 8, inner rod; 9, pressurizing head; 10, second elastic member; 11, sticking plate; 111, nut; 12, limiting ring; 121, side groove; 122, blocking edge; 123, arc-shaped groove; 13, extruding head; 131, convex rod; 14, elastic ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0018] The present application provides a recyclable intestinal stoma device, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which comprises a stoma bottom sheet 1 and a stoma bag 2. The stoma bottom sheet 1 is made of soft material, and the bottom surface of the stoma bottom sheet 1 is provided with adhesive. The bottom surface of the stoma bottom sheet 1 is attached to the stoma position of a patient by means of the adhesive, and the liquid outlet 103 at the center of the stoma bottom sheet 1 corresponds to the stoma position. The top surface of the stoma bottom sheet 1 is provided with an inner ring plate 101. The stoma bag 2 is located at the top of the stoma bottom sheet 1. The bottom of the stoma bag 2 is provided with an outer ring plate 201. The inner side wall of the outer ring plate 201 is provided with internal threads. The circumferential outer side surface of the inner ring plate 101 is provided with external threads. The outer ring plate 201 is screw-coupled to the outer side of the inner ring plate 101.

[0019] The bottom surface of the stoma bag 2 is provided with a bottom opening corresponding to the outer ring plate 201. The intestinal fluid flowing out of the stoma position of the patient enters the inside of the stoma bag 2 through the liquid outlet 103 and the bottom opening. The intestinal fluid inside the stoma bag 2 is introduced into the inside of the liquid storage tank 7 through the first pipeline 701. The inside of the liquid storage tank 7 is internally provided with a driving component. The driving component comprises a small water pump and a controller. A power supply supplies power to the driving component. The output end of the small water pump is connected to the second pipeline 702. The second pipeline 702 penetrates through the side surface of the stoma bag 2. The inside end of the second pipeline 702 is inserted into the intestinal tract of the patient through the liquid outlet 103. Exemplarily, the inside end of the second pipeline 702 can be extended into the inside of the intestinal tract through the stoma. The length of the extension into the inside of the intestinal tract is 20 to 30 centimeters.

[0020] Specifically, the stoma bottom sheet 1 is attached to the patient's stoma by gluing, and the outer ring plate 201 of the stoma bag 2 is aligned with the inner ring plate 101. The outer ring plate 201 is spirally sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring plate 101 by rotating. Intestinal fluid overflowing due to intestinal peristalsis enters the stoma bag 2 through the drainage port 103 and the bottom opening. The small water pump is started to extract the intestinal fluid inside the stoma bag 2 through the first pipe 701. The intestinal fluid gradually accumulates inside the liquid storage tank 7. At this time, the small water pump passes the intestinal fluid inside the liquid storage tank 7 into the patient's intestines through the second pipe 702.

[0021] In this embodiment, the spiral cooperation of the outer ring plate 201 and the inner ring plate 101 facilitates the collection of intestinal fluid by the ostomy bag 2, which can avoid the waste of residual intestinal fluid. The liquid storage tank 7 and the driving component cooperate to facilitate the return of the intestinal fluid collected by the ostomy bag 2 to the patient's intestines, ensuring the circulation of the intestinal fluid and the cleanliness of the patient's body.

[0022] In order to limit the outer ring plate 201 to the outside of the inner ring plate 101, the ostomy bag 2 is limited to the top of the ostomy base plate 1 by using the clamping assembly. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the clamping assembly includes: a sleeve 3, an inner tube 4, a first elastic member 5, a rotating rod 6 and an extrusion component. The first elastic member 5 is set as a spring sheet. The inner end of the sleeve 3 is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring plate 201. The inner tube 4 passes through the sleeve 3 and the outer ring plate 201, and the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring plate 101 is provided with an annular groove 102 corresponding to the inner tube 4. The outer circumferential surface of the inner tube 4 is fixed with two opposite side rods 401, and the surface of the sleeve 3 is provided with two movable grooves 301, two The movable groove 301 corresponds to the two side rods 401 one-to-one. The side rods 401 pass through the movable groove 301. The moving inner tube 4 causes the side rods 401 to slide inside the movable groove 301. The first elastic member 5 is located inside the movable groove 301. The inner end of the first elastic member 5 is connected to the side rod 401, and the outer end of the first elastic member 5 is connected to the outer end of the movable groove 301. The elastic force of the first elastic member 5 is applied to the inner tube 4 through the side rods 401, thereby causing the inner tube 4 to move inwardly inside the sleeve 3. The rotating rod 6 is screwed into the inner tube 4. The rotating rotating rod 6 gradually moves inwardly inside the inner tube 4, pushing the extrusion component close to the inner side wall of the annular groove 102 of the inner ring plate 101.

[0023] Specifically, the side rod 401 is pulled outward, and the side rod 401 squeezes the first elastic member 5 inside the movable groove 301. The outward-moving inner tube 4 pulls the extrusion component outward, and when the outer ring plate 201 at the bottom of the ostomy bag 2 is aligned with the inner ring plate 101 of the ostomy base plate 1, the ostomy bag 2 is rotated. The ostomy bag 2 causes the outer ring plate 201 to rotate on the outside of the inner ring plate 101, and the rotating outer ring plate 201 is gradually sleeved on the outside of the inner ring plate 101 until the inner end of the inner tube 4 corresponds to the annular groove 102. The tension applied to the side rod 401 is released, and the elastic force of the first elastic member 5 is applied to the inner tube 4 through the side rod 401, so that the inner tube 4 drives the rotating rod 6 to move inward synchronously until the inner end of the extrusion component squeezes the inner wall of the annular groove 102.

[0024] In this embodiment, the elastic force of the first elastic member 5 enables the inner end of the inner tube 4 and the extrusion component to be clamped inside the annular groove 102, and the inner tube 4 and the extrusion component cooperate to limit the outer ring plate 201, thereby preventing the ostomy bag 2 from being separated from the ostomy base film 1 due to rotation or collision, thereby ensuring the continuous connection effect between the ostomy bag 2 and the ostomy base film 1.

[0025] In order to ensure the continuous connection between the ostomy bag 2 and the ostomy base plate 1, the connection stability between the outer ring plate 201 and the inner ring plate 101 is improved by the extrusion component. Figure 3 In the figure, the extrusion component includes: an inner rod 8, a pressure head 9 and a second elastic member 10. The second elastic member 10 is set as a spring sheet. A sliding groove corresponding to the inner rod 8 is opened on the surface of the inner tube 4. The inner rod 8 passes through the inner tube 4 through the sliding groove. A round rod corresponding to the inner tube 4 is set at the center of the inner rod 8. The outer side surface of the circular rod is in contact with the inner wall of the inner tube 4. Pressure heads 9 are fixed at both ends of the inner rod 8, and a placement groove 202 corresponding to the inner rod 8 is opened on the inner wall of the outer ring plate 201. The outward-moving inner rod 8 drives the pressure head 9 to enter the placement groove 202. The second elastic member 10 is inside the sliding groove. The inner end of the second elastic member 10 is connected to the inner rod 8, and the outer end of the second elastic member 10 is connected to the outer end of the sliding groove. The elastic force of the second elastic member 10 pulls the inner rod 8 outward, and the outward-moving inner rod 8 causes the round rod to contact the inner end of the rotating rod 6.

[0026] Specifically, the elastic force of the first elastic member 5 causes the inner tube 4 to move inward, and the inner tube 4 drives the inner rod 8 of the extrusion component to move out of the placement groove 202 until the inner end of the inner tube 4 contacts the inner wall of the annular groove 102, and the rotating rod 6 is rotated. The rotating rotating rod 6 drives the round rod to move inward, and the round rod causes the inner rod 8 to move inward inside the slide groove. The inward-moving inner rod 8 pulls the second elastic member 10 until the inner end of the pressure head 9 squeezes the inner wall of the annular groove 102. The reaction force of the inner wall of the annular groove 102 on the pressure head 9 causes the inner tube 4 to move outward. At this time, the inner tube 4 causes the side rod 401 to squeeze the first elastic member 5.

[0027] In this embodiment, the inner end of the pressure head 9 is squeezed against the inner wall of the annular groove 102 by rotating the rotating rod 6, and the elastic force of the first elastic member 5 is used to increase the pressure of the pressure head 9 on the inner wall of the annular groove 102. The friction between the pressure head 9 and the inner wall of the annular groove 102 is used to limit the outer ring plate 201, thereby preventing the outer ring plate 201 from rotating arbitrarily outside the inner ring plate 101, thereby further improving the continuous connection effect between the ostomy bag 2 and the ostomy base film 1.

[0028] In order to define the second channel 702 on the side of the ostomy bag 2, the second channel 702 is defined by the locking assembly. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the figure, the locking assembly includes: a patch 11, a limiting ring 12, an extrusion head 13 and an elastic ring 14. The rear side of the patch 11 is attached to the side of the ostomy bag 2. The side of the ostomy bag 2 is set as a bolt component. The bolt component includes a screw and a nut 111. The screw passes through the patch 11. The nut 111 is spirally matched with the screw, so that the patch 11 is installed on the side of the ostomy bag 2.

[0029] A limiting ring 12 is fixed to the front side of the plate 11, and two side grooves 121 are provided on the outer side of the circumference of the limiting ring 12. The inner end of the extrusion head 13 is inserted into the side groove 121. Both side walls of the side groove 121 are fixed with a rib 122, and an arc groove 123 is provided inside the rib 122. Both side surfaces of the extrusion head 13 are fixed with a protruding rod 131. The downward-moving extrusion head 13 moves downward inside the arc groove 123 using the protruding rod 131. The inner end of the downward-moving extrusion head 13 is close to the second pipe 702. The elastic ring 14 is clamped on the outside of the limiting ring 12, and the top surface of the extrusion head 13 is connected to the end of the elastic ring 14.

[0030] Specifically, the elastic ring 14 is pulled upward, and the elastic ring 14 pulls the extrusion head 13 upward inside the side groove 121. The extrusion head 13 causes the protruding rod 131 to move upward inside the arc groove 123. The arc groove 123 limits the protruding rod 131. The upward-moving protruding rod 131 causes the inner end of the extrusion head 13 to gradually enter the inside of the side groove 121, and the second pipe 702 is inserted into the inside of the ostomy bag 2 through the limiting ring 12 until the inner end of the second pipe 702 enters the patient's intestine through the drainage port 103.

[0031] The elastic ring 14 is moved downward by pressing, and the elastic ring 14 pushes the extrusion head 13 downward. The extrusion head 13 causes the protruding rod 131 to move downward inside the arc groove 123. The extrusion head 13 uses the protruding rod 131 to move downward inside the arc groove 123. The inner end of the downward-moving extrusion head 13 approaches the second pipe 702 until the inner end of the extrusion head 13 squeezes the second pipe 702.

[0032] In this embodiment, the elastic force of the elastic ring 14 causes the inner end of the extrusion head 13 to squeeze the second pipe 702, and the two extrusion heads 13 are used to confine the second pipe 702 to the inside of the limiting ring 12, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the second pipe 702 and the ostomy bag 2, preventing the second pipe 702 from being pulled out from the inside of the ostomy bag 2, and avoiding damage to the patient's intestines due to the withdrawal.

[0033] Working principle of the present invention: Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the stoma base plate 1 is attached to the patient's stoma position by pasting, the outer ring plate 201 of the stoma bag 2 is aligned with the inner ring plate 101, the side rod 401 is pulled outward, and the side rod 401 squeezes the first elastic member 5 inside the movable groove 301. The outward-moving inner tube 4 pulls the extrusion component outward, and when the outer ring plate 201 at the bottom of the stoma bag 2 is aligned with the inner ring plate 101 of the stoma base plate 1, the stoma bag 2 is rotated, and the stoma bag 2 causes the outer ring plate 201 to rotate on the outside of the inner ring plate 101. The rotating outer ring plate 201 is gradually sleeved on the outside of the inner ring plate 101 until the inner end of the inner tube 4 corresponds to the annular groove 102. The tension applied to the side rod 401 is released, and the elastic force of the first elastic member 5 is applied to the inner tube 4 through the side rod 401, so that the inner tube 4 drives the rotating rod 6 to move inward synchronously until the inner end of the extrusion component squeezes the inner wall of the annular groove 102.

[0034] The elastic force of the first elastic member 5 causes the inner tube 4 to move inward, and the inner tube 4 drives the inner rod 8 of the extrusion component to move out of the placement groove 202 until the inner end of the inner tube 4 contacts the inner wall of the annular groove 102, and the rotating rod 6 is rotated. The rotating rotating rod 6 drives the round rod to move inward, and the round rod causes the inner rod 8 to move inward inside the sliding groove. The inward-moving inner rod 8 pulls the second elastic member 10 until the inner end of the pressure head 9 squeezes the inner wall of the annular groove 102. The reaction force of the inner wall of the annular groove 102 on the pressure head 9 causes the inner tube 4 to move outward. At this time, the inner tube 4 causes the side rod 401 to squeeze the first elastic member 5.

[0035] Pull the elastic ring 14 upward, and the elastic ring 14 pulls the extrusion head 13 upward inside the side groove 121. The extrusion head 13 causes the protruding rod 131 to move upward inside the arc groove 123. The arc groove 123 limits the protruding rod 131. The upward moving protruding rod 131 causes the inner end of the extrusion head 13 to gradually enter the inside of the side groove 121, and the second pipe 702 is inserted into the inside of the ostomy bag 2 through the limiting ring 12 until the inner end of the second pipe 702 enters the patient's intestine through the drainage port 103.

[0036] The elastic ring 14 is moved downward by pressing, and the elastic ring 14 pushes the extrusion head 13 downward. The extrusion head 13 causes the protruding rod 131 to move downward inside the arc groove 123. The extrusion head 13 uses the protruding rod 131 to move downward inside the arc groove 123. The inner end of the downward-moving extrusion head 13 approaches the second pipe 702 until the inner end of the extrusion head 13 squeezes the second pipe 702.

[0037] By rotating the outer ring plate 201, it is spirally sleeved onto the outer side of the inner ring plate 101. Intestinal fluid overflowing due to intestinal peristalsis enters the ostomy bag 2 through the drainage port 103 and the bottom opening. The small water pump is started to extract the intestinal fluid from the ostomy bag 2 through the first pipe 701. The intestinal fluid gradually accumulates in the liquid storage tank 7. At this time, the small water pump passes the intestinal fluid in the liquid storage tank 7 into the patient's intestines through the second pipe 702.

[0038] The spiral cooperation between the outer ring plate 201 and the inner ring plate 101 facilitates the collection of intestinal fluid by the ostomy bag 2, which can avoid the waste of residual intestinal fluid. By using the cooperation of the liquid storage tank 7 and the driving component, the intestinal fluid collected by the ostomy bag 2 can be conveniently returned to the patient's intestines, ensuring the circulation of the intestinal fluid and the cleanliness of the patient's body.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same.

Claims

1. A circulatory enterostomy device, characterized in that: include: A stoma base sheet (1) for attaching to the stoma position of a patient; The ostomy bag (2) has an outer ring plate (201) that is rotatably sleeved onto the outer side of the inner ring plate (101) at the top of the ostomy base plate (1) by using a snap-fit ​​assembly; The clamping assembly comprises: A sleeve (3) is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring plate (201); An inner tube (4) is inserted into the sleeve (3), and the elastic force of the first elastic member (5) drives the inner tube (4) to move inward; A rotating rod (6) is screwed into the inner tube (4), and the rotating rod (6) moves inward to push the extrusion component to contact the inner side wall of the annular groove (102) of the inner ring plate (101); The liquid storage tank (7) uses the first pipe (701) to extract the intestinal fluid inside the ostomy bag (2), and the driving component uses the second pipe (702) to pass the intestinal fluid inside the liquid storage tank (7) into the patient's intestine.

2. The recirculating enterostomy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage port (103) is provided at the center of the stoma base film (1), and the patient's intestinal fluid flows into the interior of the stoma bag (2) through the drainage port (103), and the inner end of the second pipe (702) is inserted into the patient's intestine through the drainage port (103).

3. The recirculating enterostomy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion component comprises: An inner rod (8) passing through the inner end of the inner tube (4); A pressure head (9) is fixed to the end of the inner rod (8), and the rotating rod (6) is rotated to move the inner rod (8) inward; The second elastic member (10) drives the inner rod (8) to move outward.

4. The recirculating enterostomy device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sliding groove corresponding to the inner rod (8) is provided on the surface of the inner tube (4), the second elastic member (10) is located inside the sliding groove, and a round rod corresponding to the inner tube (4) is provided at the center of the inner rod (8), and the outer circumferential surface of the round rod is in contact with the inner wall of the inner tube (4).

5. The recirculating enterostomy device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the outer ring plate (201) is provided with a placement groove (202) corresponding to the inner rod (8), and the inner rod (8) that moves outward drives the pressure head (9) to enter the placement groove (202).

6. The recirculating enterostomy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the ostomy bag (2) is provided with a locking assembly that defines the second pipe (702), and the locking assembly comprises: A patch (11) is mounted on the side of the ostomy bag (2) via a bolt assembly; A limiting ring (12) for sleeve-fitting onto the outside of the second pipe (702); An extrusion head (13) for extruding the circumferential outer side surface of the second pipe (702); The elastic ring (14) is used to drive the inner end of the extrusion head (13) to approach the second pipe (702).

7. The recirculating enterostomy device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two side grooves (121) are provided on the circumferential outer side surface of the limiting ring (12), and the inner end of the extrusion head (13) is inserted into the inside of the side groove (121).

8. The recirculating enterostomy device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both side walls of the side groove (121) are fixed with retaining edges (122), and an arc-shaped groove (123) is provided inside the retaining edges (122). Both side surfaces of the extrusion head (13) are fixed with protruding rods (131). The downwardly moving extrusion head (13) moves downward inside the arc-shaped groove (123) using the protruding rods (131), and the inner side end of the downwardly moving extrusion head (13) is close to the second pipe (702).

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