Water-based fire extinguishing agent, preparation method thereof and fire extinguisher

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-based fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The water-based fire extinguishing agent comprises a solubilizer, a flame retardant, a surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a synergist and water, wherein the solubilizer comprises metal chloride. The water-based fire extinguishing agent is high in water dissolution rate, the problem of hydrolytic deterioration in the long-term storage process can be solved, and the fire extinguishing performance and stability are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing, and in particular to a water-based fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method thereof, and a fire extinguisher. Background Art

[0002] Currently, climate change is causing more frequent forest fires worldwide. Compared to other types of fire, forest fires have become a major concern worldwide due to their rapid spread, low controllability, and high level of damage. Water-based fire extinguishing agents are often used as the primary extinguishing agent for forest firefighting due to their low cost, rapid cooling rate, and wide availability.

[0003] Water-based fire extinguishing agents are chemicals used for fire extinguishing, with water as the basic component and supplemented with different types of additives. According to the classification of form, water-based fire extinguishing agents are divided into liquid fire extinguishing agents and water-soluble solid fire extinguishing agents that have emerged in recent years. Among them, liquid fire extinguishing agents are difficult to carry, which greatly limits the efficiency of firefighting and rescue in many occasions such as forest fires and grassland fires. In addition, the fire extinguishing performance is poor, and there are problems such as easy reignition and long fire extinguishing time. Although the water-soluble solid agent disclosed by Patent ZL202211068816.9 solves the shortcoming of traditional liquid fire extinguishing agents being difficult to carry, when facing fire rescue, there is still the defect that it needs to be prepared into an aqueous solution, which consumes fire rescue time.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a water-based fire extinguishing agent that has a fast water solubility rate and can have both good fire extinguishing performance and high stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a water-based fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method thereof, and a fire extinguisher. The water-based fire extinguishing agent provided in this application has a fast water dissolution rate, high fire extinguishing performance, and high stability.

[0006] In one aspect of the present invention, a water-based fire extinguishing agent is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing agent comprises a solubilizer, a flame retardant, a surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a synergist, and water, wherein the solubilizer comprises a metal chloride.

[0007] According to the water-based fire extinguishing agent of the above embodiment of the present invention, the use of metal chloride as a solubilizer can help other ingredients dissolve better in water, which allows the flame retardant to be more evenly distributed in the fire extinguishing agent system. When the fire extinguishing agent acts on the flame, the evenly distributed flame retardant can more effectively cover the surface of the burning object and block the chain reaction of combustion. The metal chloride decomposes to produce chloride ions, which terminate the chain reaction of combustion and work together with the flame retardant to prevent the spread of flames, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. The surfactant can reduce the surface tension of the liquid, allowing the fire extinguishing agent to spread better on the surface of the burning object, which can further improve the fire extinguishing performance. The foam stabilizer helps to form a stable foam structure. When the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed onto the flame, the foam formed can isolate the air, prevent oxygen from contacting the burning object, quickly extinguish the fire, and prevent it from rekindling, further improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. Synergists can produce synergistic effects with flame retardants, surfactants, etc., provide a large amount of flame retardant elements (such as phosphorus, etc.), enhance the inhibitory effect on the combustion reaction or improve the coverage performance of the fire extinguishing agent, thereby making the fire extinguishing efficiency of the entire fire extinguishing agent system higher. In addition, synergists can also maintain the acid-base balance of the fire extinguishing agent and improve the stability of the fire extinguishing agent. Metal chlorides can change the solubility of other components in water as solubilizers, and surfactants can make insoluble or slightly soluble components better dispersed in the aqueous phase. Therefore, under the joint action of solubilizers and surfactants, the agglomeration or precipitation of the components can be prevented, thereby maintaining the uniform distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in water and achieving good miscibility. Thus, the water-based fire extinguishing agent provided by the present application has a fast water solubility rate, high fire extinguishing performance and stability.

[0008] In addition, the water-based fire extinguishing agent according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in the following weight fractions: 2-8 parts solubilizer, 20-60 parts flame retardant, 1-20 parts surfactant, 1-10 parts foam stabilizer, 2-8 parts synergist, and 40-80 parts water. Thus, the water-based fire extinguishing agent provided herein has a rapid water dissolution rate, high fire extinguishing performance, and a long shelf life.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the metal chloride includes at least one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, and barium chloride. Thus, by selecting the above-mentioned solubilizer, the dissolution rate of the fire extinguishing agent in water can be accelerated and the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent can be improved.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the synergist includes at least one of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and calcium phosphate. Thus, the use of the above synergist can improve the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame retardant includes at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, melamine polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, potassium silicate, monoammonium phosphate, and diammonium phosphate. Therefore, the use of the aforementioned flame retardants can effectively improve the fire extinguishing performance of the water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the surfactant includes at least one of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium octylsulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfonate, sodium laurylamphoacetate, sodium α-olefinsulfonate, Tween-60, dodecyldiethanolamide, alkyl glycosides, alkyl glycosides, dodecyldimethyl betaine, octylamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and hexadecylsulfobetaine. Thus, by selecting the above surfactants, the dissolution rate of the fire extinguishing agent in water can be accelerated, and the fire extinguishing performance and storage life of the fire extinguishing agent can be improved.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the foam stabilizer includes at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxycellulose, sodium carboxymethyl sulfate, guar gum, sodium alginate, carrageenan, and xanthan gum. This ensures that the performance of the fire extinguishing agent during use is not affected, thereby extending the shelf life of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0015] In its second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the aforementioned water-based fire extinguishing agent. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises mixing a solubilizer, a flame retardant, a surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a synergist, and water to produce the water-based fire extinguishing agent, wherein the solubilizer comprises a metal chloride. This method is simple, and the resulting coolant is odorless and exhibits both good insulation and safety properties.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing temperature is 20°C-50°C.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing speed is 800 r / min-1200 r / min.

[0018] In its third aspect, the present invention provides a fire extinguisher. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguisher comprises the water-based fire extinguisher of the first aspect or a water-based fire extinguisher prepared using the method of the second aspect. Thus, the fire extinguishing agent has both good fire extinguishing performance and a long shelf life.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In one aspect of the present invention, a water-based fire extinguishing agent is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing agent comprises a solubilizer, a flame retardant, a surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a synergist, and water, wherein the solubilizer comprises a metal chloride.

[0022] According to the water-based fire extinguishing agent of the above embodiment of the present invention, the use of metal chloride as a solubilizer can help other ingredients dissolve better in water, which allows the flame retardant to be more evenly distributed in the fire extinguishing agent system. When the fire extinguishing agent acts on the flame, the evenly distributed flame retardant can more effectively cover the surface of the burning object and block the chain reaction of combustion. The metal chloride decomposes to produce chloride ions, which terminate the chain reaction of combustion and work together with the flame retardant to prevent the spread of flames, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. The surfactant can reduce the surface tension of the liquid, allowing the fire extinguishing agent to spread better on the surface of the burning object, which can further improve the fire extinguishing performance. The foam stabilizer helps to form a stable foam structure. When the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed onto the flame, the foam formed can isolate the air, prevent oxygen from contacting the burning object, quickly extinguish the fire, and prevent it from rekindling, further improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. Synergists can produce synergistic effects with flame retardants, surfactants, etc., provide a large amount of flame retardant elements (such as phosphorus, etc.), enhance the inhibitory effect on the combustion reaction or improve the coverage performance of the fire extinguishing agent, thereby making the fire extinguishing efficiency of the entire fire extinguishing agent system higher. In addition, synergists can also maintain the acid-base balance of the fire extinguishing agent and improve the stability of the fire extinguishing agent. Metal chlorides can change the solubility of other components in water as solubilizers, and surfactants can make insoluble or slightly soluble components better dispersed in the aqueous phase. Therefore, under the joint action of solubilizers and surfactants, the agglomeration or precipitation of the components can be prevented, thereby maintaining the uniform distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in water and achieving good miscibility. Thus, the water-based fire extinguishing agent provided by the present application has a fast water solubility rate, high fire extinguishing performance and stability.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the weight percentages of the components in the fire extinguishing agent are as follows: 2-8 parts solubilizer, 20-60 parts flame retardant, 1-20 parts surfactant, 1-10 parts foam stabilizer, 2-8 parts synergist, and 40-80 parts water. By limiting the solubilizer content within the above range, some ingredients with poor water solubility, such as flame retardants and synergists, can be better dissolved in water. By limiting the flame retardant content within the above range, it is ensured that during the fire extinguishing process, the flame retardant can form an effective flame retardant layer on the surface of the burning object or release sufficient flame retardant substances in the gas phase to suppress the combustion reaction. By limiting the surfactant content within the above range, the fire extinguishing agent can be better spread on the surface of the burning object, facilitating full contact between the fire extinguishing agent and the burning object. By limiting the foam stabilizer content within the above range, the foam can be prevented from quickly breaking during the fire extinguishing process, continuously isolating the air and effectively preventing the combustion reaction. By limiting the synergist content to the aforementioned range, it can, on the one hand, interact with ingredients such as flame retardants and surfactants to improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent; on the other hand, the synergist can maintain the acid-base balance of the fire extinguishing agent, improving its stability. By limiting the water content to the aforementioned range, it ensures that the fire extinguishing agent is primarily water-based. As a result, the water-based fire extinguishing agent provided herein has a rapid water dissolution rate, high fire extinguishing performance, and high stability.

[0024] As an example, the mass fraction of the solubilizer can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, etc.; the mass fraction of the flame retardant can be 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, etc.; the mass fraction of the surfactant can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, etc. The mass parts of the foam stabilizer can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, etc.; the mass parts of the synergist can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, etc.; the mass parts of the water can be 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts, 80 parts, etc.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in the following weight fractions: 4-8 parts solubilizer, 40-60 parts flame retardant, 10-20 parts surfactant, 5-10 parts foam stabilizer, 4-8 parts synergist, and 40-60 parts water. This further improves the water-dissolution rate, fire-extinguishing performance, and shelf life of the water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the metal chloride includes at least one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, barium chloride. The metal chloride is used as a solubilizer, on one hand, it can produce chloride ions in water, which can react with active free radicals (such as hydrogen radicals) in the combustion process to generate hydrogen chloride, thereby terminating the chain reaction of combustion, thereby enhancing the fire extinguishing effect. On the other hand, the sodium ions and chloride ions produced by ionization can surround the polar groups in the flame retardant, reducing the tendency of the flame retardant to agglomerate in water, thereby increasing its solubility; the potassium ions produced by ionization can better insert into the intermolecular gaps of the flame retardant, helping the flame retardant to disperse and dissolve in water through electrostatic attraction and steric hindrance effect; the calcium ions produced by ionization can be combined with negative groups such as carboxylate in the flame retardant through electrostatic attraction, and synergize with chloride ions to enhance the solubility of the entire system, so that the flame retardant is better dissolved in water. The barium ions and chloride ions produced by ionization can interact with the polar parts in the raw material components to destroy their original aggregation state and improve the solubility of each component in water. Therefore, by selecting the above solubilizer, the dissolution rate of the fire extinguishing agent in water can be accelerated and the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent can be improved.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, the synergist includes at least one of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium phosphate. The above-mentioned synergist can decompose to produce substances such as phosphoric acid, which can react with active free radicals (such as hydrogen radicals and hydroxyl radicals) in the combustion process to consume free radicals, thereby interrupting the chain reaction of combustion. For example, phosphoric acid reacts with hydrogen radicals to terminate the propagation path of free radicals, effectively inhibiting the spread of flames. Moreover, the phosphorus oxides (such as diphosphorus pentoxide) produced by the decomposition of phosphate can form a glassy protective film on the surface of the burning material, which can isolate oxygen and prevent the burning material from further contacting oxygen, thereby further improving the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent. In addition, the phosphate produced by the above-mentioned synergist can also maintain the acid-base balance of the fire extinguishing agent, thereby improving the stability of the fire extinguishing agent. Therefore, the selection of the above-mentioned synergist can improve the fire extinguishing performance and stability of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present application, the flame retardant comprises at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, melamine polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, potassium silicate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate. Most of the above-mentioned flame retardants contain phosphorus or nitrogen elements. The flame retardants containing phosphorus elements release phosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid and other substances when decomposed by heat, which can capture free radicals generated by combustion in the gas phase. For example, phosphoric acid can react with hydrogen radicals, thereby interrupting the chain reaction of combustion and inhibiting the spread of flames. The flame retardants containing nitrogen elements release inert gases such as nitrogen, which can dilute the concentration of oxygen and flammable gases in the combustion area, making it difficult for the combustion reaction to continue. Furthermore, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate and other flame retardants can form a protective film on the surface of the burning material, which can isolate oxygen, prevent the burning material from contacting oxygen, and prevent the heat generated by combustion from being transmitted to the internal unburned material, thereby playing a heat insulation role. Therefore, the use of the above-mentioned flame retardants can effectively improve the fire extinguishing performance of the water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present application, the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium octyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium lauryl amphipathic acetate, sodium α-alkenyl sulfonate, Tween-60, dodecyl diethanol amide, alkyl glycoside, alkyl glycoside, dodecyl dimethyl betaine, octyl amido propyl betaine, cocamide propyl betaine, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and cetyl sulfobetaine. The use of the above-mentioned surfactants can reduce the surface tension of water on the one hand. When the surface tension is reduced, water molecules can more easily penetrate into the agglomerates of other fire extinguishing agent components (such as flame retardants, synergists, etc.). For example, the molecules of sodium dodecyl sulfate are arranged in a specific direction on the surface of water, with the hydrophilic sulfate group facing the water phase and the hydrophobic dodecyl chain stretching towards the air. This arrangement reduces the surface tension of water, allowing water to better wet and disperse other components and accelerate the dissolution of each component in water. On the other hand, the surfactant also works synergistically with other fire extinguishing agent components such as flame retardants and synergists, which can make the flame retardant better distributed on the surface of the burning material and improve the utilization rate of the flame retardant. For example, when used with ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant, the surfactant can help ammonium polyphosphate to be evenly distributed on the surface of the burning material, making the protective film formed by ammonium polyphosphate on the surface of the burning material more complete and enhancing the fire extinguishing effect. In addition, the surfactant can keep the fire extinguishing agent system in a uniform and stable state during storage by wrapping and dispersing other components. For example, the surfactant can be adsorbed on the surface of other component particles, preventing the aggregation of particles and thus preventing precipitation, ensuring the stability of the fire extinguishing agent during long-term storage. Therefore, the use of the above-mentioned surfactants can accelerate the dissolution rate of the fire extinguishing agent in water while improving the fire extinguishing performance and storage life of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the foam stabilizer includes at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxycellulose, sodium carboxymethyl sulfate, guar gum, sodium alginate, carrageenan, and xanthan gum. When such a foam fire extinguishing agent is selected, the foam stabilizer can prevent foam breakage and component stratification during storage, maintaining the fire extinguishing agent in a stable foam state or a uniformly mixed state. For example, carrageenan can prevent the foam from gradually disappearing or the liquid and solid components from separating during storage, ensuring that the performance of the fire extinguishing agent is not affected during use and extending the shelf life of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0031] In the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a method for preparing the above-mentioned water-based fire extinguishing agent. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises: mixing a solubilizer, a flame retardant, a surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a synergist and water to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent, wherein the solubilizer comprises a metal chloride. The preparation method provided by the present application is simple, and the water-based fire extinguishing agent obtained has the advantages of high fire extinguishing performance, fast miscibility with water and long storage life. Moreover, the water-based fire extinguishing agent obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method is easy to carry and miscible with water, which greatly shortens the defect of traditional solid fire extinguishing agents that need to be prepared and consume firefighting and rescue time, and the fire extinguishing components will not be hydrolyzed and ineffective due to the form of concentrated liquid, and the storage time is long. In addition, this method is conducive to large-scale production and preparation, and is expected to comprehensively improve firefighting and rescue capabilities and actual firefighting capabilities in practical applications.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing temperature is 25°C-50°C. For example, it can be 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, etc. By limiting the mixing temperature to the above range, the raw material components can have appropriate dissolution rates and diffusion rates in water, so that the solubilizer, flame retardant, surfactant, foam stabilizer and synergist can be fully dissolved and dispersed in water to form a uniform fire extinguishing agent system.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing speed is 800 r / min-1200 r / min. For example, it can be 800 r / min, 900 r / min, 1000 r / min, 1200 r / min, etc. By limiting the mixing speed to the above range, the various components of the fire extinguishing agent (solubilizer, flame retardant, surfactant, foam stabilizer, synergist and water) can be quickly and evenly mixed.

[0034] It should be noted that there is no particular limitation on the mixing method. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mixing method includes stirring.

[0035] In its third aspect, the present invention provides a fire extinguisher. According to embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguisher comprises the water-based fire extinguisher of the first aspect or a water-based fire extinguisher prepared using the method of the second aspect. Thus, the fire extinguishing agent exhibits both excellent fire-extinguishing performance and a long shelf life. It should be noted that the features and advantages described above for the water-based fire extinguishing agent also apply to this fire extinguisher and will not be further elaborated here.

[0036] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or the product specifications are used. Where the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, all are conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and a stirring speed of 1000 r / min to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 40 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 8 parts of sodium chloride, 60 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 20 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 8 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and stirring at 1000 r / min to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 60 parts of tap water into a suitable container and dissolve 4 parts of potassium chloride, 40 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, 5 parts of sodium alginate, and 4 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and stirring at 1000 r / min to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 30°C and 1000 r / min stirring to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0045] Example 5

[0046] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 50°C and 1000 r / min stirring to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0047] Example 6

[0048] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and 800 r / min stirring to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0049] Example 7

[0050] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and 1200 r / min stirring to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, shake and mix to obtain a water-based solid powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in sequence at 25°C and stirring at 1000 r / min to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and a stirring speed of 1000 r / min to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and a stirring speed of 1000 r / min to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0059] Comparative Example 5

[0060] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and a stirring speed of 1000 r / min to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0061] Comparative Example 6

[0062] Preparation of water-based fire extinguisher: Weigh 80 parts of tap water into a suitable container, dissolve 2 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 2 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate in sequence at 25°C and a stirring speed of 1000 r / min to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0063] Testing and Analysis

[0064] Under the same conditions, the water-based fire extinguishing agents prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were subjected to water solubility, aging performance tests, and fire extinguishing performance tests. The specific test methods are as follows:

[0065] Water solubility test: The obtained water-based fire extinguishing agent sample was dissolved in 1000 parts of water at 25°C and stirring at 1000 r / min, and the dissolution time was recorded.

[0066] Aging test: Take an appropriate amount of the obtained water-based fire extinguishing agent sample, place it in an 80°C oven, keep it for 7 days, and obtain an aged sample.

[0067] Fire extinguishing performance test: The water-based fire extinguishing agents before and after aging were respectively prepared into 5% mass concentration water-based fire extinguishing agents, and a fire extinguishing test was carried out on a standard Class 3A wood pile fire. The fire extinguishing time and re-ignition phenomenon were recorded.

[0068] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0069] Table 1

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Results and Discussion

[0073] As shown in Table 1, compared with the fire extinguishing agents of Comparative Examples 1-6, the fire extinguishing agents of Examples 1-7 have a better dissolution rate in water, and also have better fire extinguishing performance and higher stability. This is because the use of metal chloride as a solubilizer can significantly accelerate the water dissolution rate of the fire extinguishing agent. In addition, the addition of the synergist can effectively improve the stability and fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0074] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-based fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent comprises a solubilizer, a flame retardant, a surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a synergist and water, and the solubilizer comprises a metal chloride.

2. The water-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass parts of the components in the fire extinguishing agent are as follows: 2 to 8 parts of solubilizer, 20 to 60 parts of flame retardant, 1 to 20 parts of surfactant, 1 to 10 parts of foam stabilizer, 2 to 8 parts of synergist and 40 to 80 parts of water.

3. The water-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The metal chloride includes at least one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and barium chloride.

4. The water-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The synergist includes at least one of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and calcium phosphate.

5. The water-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The flame retardant includes at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, melamine polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, potassium silicate, monoammonium phosphate, and diammonium phosphate.

6. The water-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The surfactant includes at least one of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium octylsulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfonate, sodium laurylamphoacetate, sodium α-olefinsulfonate, Tween-60, dodecyldiethanolamide, alkyl glycoside, alkyl glucoside, dodecyldimethyl betaine, octylamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and hexadecyl sulfobetaine.

7. The water-based fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The foam stabilizer includes at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl sulfate, guar gum, sodium alginate, carrageenan, and xanthan gum.

8. A method for preparing the water-based fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: A solubilizer, a flame retardant, a surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a synergist and water are mixed to obtain a water-based fire extinguishing agent, wherein the solubilizer comprises a metal chloride.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The mixing temperature is 25°C-50°C; And / or, the mixing speed is 800 r / min-1200 r / min.

10. A fire extinguisher, characterized in that: The fire extinguisher comprises the water-based fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the water-based fire extinguishing agent prepared by the method according to claim 8 or 9.

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