Subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment. The subcritical system comprises a subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle, a solid waste feeding mechanism, a liquid waste feeding mechanism, a steam boiler and a solid-liquid separator, the upper part of the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle is provided with a feed port, an air inlet and an exhaust port, the lower part of the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle is provided with a discharge port, a feed valve is arranged in the feed port, an air inlet valve is arranged in the air inlet, an exhaust valve is arranged in the exhaust port, and a discharge valve is arranged in the discharge port; the solid waste feeding mechanism is used for feeding solid waste into the feeding port. The liquid waste feeding mechanism is used for feeding liquid waste into the feeding opening. The steam boiler is used for providing high-temperature steam for the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle; and the solid-liquid separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the material discharged from the discharge port. The solid waste and liquid waste can be treated at the same time, and solid-liquid separation can be directly carried out in the discharging process of the reaction kettle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste treatment, in particular to a subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of waste treatment, the special physical and chemical properties of subcritical fluid (such as water, ethanol, etc.) under high temperature and high pressure can be utilized to place solid waste and liquid waste in the same reaction system, and through dissolution, penetration, oxidation, hydrolysis and other reactions to realize common degradation or resource conversion. This technology is especially suitable for mixed solid and liquid waste (such as municipal sludge, kitchen waste, and mixtures of chemical waste residues and waste liquid), and the core is to improve the treatment efficiency through "solid-liquid interaction" and reduce the cost and energy consumption of separate treatment.

[0003] After the subcritical hydrolysis of solid waste and liquid waste in the reaction kettle, solid-liquid separation is needed, the separated liquid is adjusted in composition to obtain liquid organic fertilizer, and the separated solid is adjusted in composition, dried and granulated to obtain solid organic fertilizer. However, in the prior art, after the subcritical hydrolysis of solid waste and liquid waste in the reaction kettle, unloading is needed first, and then filtration is needed to obtain filtrate and residue, which cannot directly perform solid-liquid separation during the unloading process. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present application provides a subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment to realize simultaneous treatment of solid waste and liquid waste and directly perform solid-liquid separation during the unloading process of the reaction kettle.

[0005] The present application provides a subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment, comprising:

[0006] A subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle, the upper part of the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle is provided with a feeding port, an air inlet and an exhaust port, the lower part of the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle is provided with an unloading port, the feeding port is provided with a feeding valve, the air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve, the exhaust port is provided with an exhaust valve, and the unloading port is provided with a discharge valve;

[0007] A solid waste feeding mechanism, the solid waste feeding mechanism is used to feed solid waste into the feeding port;

[0008] A liquid waste feeding mechanism, the liquid waste feeding mechanism is used to feed liquid waste into the feeding port;

[0009] A steam boiler, the steam boiler is connected with the feeding port and used to provide high-temperature steam to the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle;

[0010] A solid-liquid separator is connected with the discharge port and used for solid-liquid separation of the material discharged from the discharge port.

[0011] Further, a condenser is connected with the exhaust port and used for condensation of the discharged gas.

[0012] Further, the subcritical hydrolysis reactor is provided with a stirring shaft and a first driving mechanism.

[0013] The subcritical hydrolysis reactor is fixed on a rack, the stirring shaft rotates in the subcritical hydrolysis reactor, and both ends of the stirring shaft pass out from both ends of the subcritical hydrolysis reactor, respectively.

[0014] The first driving mechanism is connected with the stirring shaft and used for driving the stirring shaft to rotate.

[0015] Further, the first driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain, the first motor is fixed on the rack, the driving sprocket is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the first motor, the driven sprocket is coaxially fixed on one end of the stirring shaft, and the chain is sleeved between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket.

[0016] Further, both ends of the subcritical hydrolysis reactor are provided with water cooling jackets, both ends of the stirring shaft are respectively rotatably sealed structures installed in the corresponding water cooling jackets, the sleeve wall of the water cooling jacket is provided with a water cooling cavity, and the water cooling jacket is provided with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet in communication with the water cooling cavity.

[0017] Further, the solid-liquid separator comprises a shell, a spiral shaft, a second driving mechanism and an end plate.

[0018] The shell is arranged below the subcritical hydrolysis reactor and fixed on the rack, a filter cylinder extending in the transverse direction is arranged in the shell, a material receiving port in communication with the filter cylinder is arranged on the top of one end of the shell, the material receiving port is connected with the discharge port, a side port in abutment with the side end of the filter cylinder and a support opposite to the outside of the side port are arranged on the other end of the shell, a liquid receiving hopper below the filter cylinder and a solid receiving hopper below the outside of the side port are arranged on the bottom of the shell.

[0019] The spiral shaft transversely penetrates the filter cylinder, both ends of the spiral shaft are rotatably installed on the side end of the shell and the support, respectively, and the spiral shaft is provided with spiral blades matched with the filter cylinder.

[0020] The second driving mechanism is connected with the spiral blades and used for driving the spiral shaft to rotate.

[0021] The end plate covers the outer side of the side port and is slidably mounted on the spiral shaft. The outer sleeve of the spiral shaft is provided with a spring supported between the end plate and the bracket.

[0022] Furthermore, the second driving mechanism includes a second motor, and the second motor is transmission-connected to one end of the screw shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, the bracket includes a fixed ring, a plurality of support rods distributed in an annular shape, and a rotating sleeve;

[0024] The device is fixed to the side end of the housing and surrounds the outside of the side port;

[0025] One end of each support rod is fixed on the fixing ring, and the other end of each support rod extends outward, bends toward the center and is connected to the outside of the rotating sleeve. The spring is supported on the side end of the rotating sleeve.

[0026] Furthermore, a plurality of notches are provided around the end plate for slidingly guiding each of the support rods.

[0027] Furthermore, baffles are provided on both sides of the upper end of the solid receiving hopper, extending upward and respectively located on both sides of the bracket.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0029] During operation, solid waste and liquid waste are fed into the subcritical hydrolysis reactor through the solid waste feeding mechanism and the liquid waste feeding mechanism respectively. The materials in the subcritical hydrolysis reactor are then heated, and high-temperature steam is introduced into the subcritical hydrolysis reactor through the steam boiler, so that the subcritical hydrolysis reactor is maintained in a subcritical state (temperature 100-374°C, pressure 0.5-22MPa). The dielectric constant of the fluid (such as water) is reduced and the diffusivity is enhanced, which can not only dissolve organic matter (such as waste oil and phenols) in the liquid waste, but also penetrate into the solid waste. The method can remove the solid and liquid wastes (such as plastics and biomass) and break the mass transfer barrier of the solid-liquid interface to realize the treatment of solid and liquid wastes. After the treatment of solid and liquid wastes is completed, the exhaust valve is opened to exhaust the subcritical hydrolysis reactor to discharge the steam in the subcritical hydrolysis reactor in advance. After the exhaust is completed, the discharge valve is opened, and the treated solid and liquid wastes are discharged into the solid-liquid separator through the discharge port. The solid and liquid wastes are separated by the solid-liquid separator to obtain solid treated material and liquid treated material. Finally, the solid treated material is subjected to component adjustment and drying to obtain solid organic fertilizer, and the liquid treated material is subjected to component adjustment to obtain liquid organic fertilizer.

[0030] Therefore, the present invention realizes the simultaneous treatment of solid waste and liquid waste, and can directly perform solid-liquid separation during the process of unloading the reactor, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a subcritical hydrolysis reactor and a solid-liquid separator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is an external stereoscopic diagram of a solid-liquid separator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is an internal cross-sectional view of a solid-liquid separator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the accompanying drawings, 100-subcritical hydrolysis reactor; 110-feed port; 111-feed valve; 120-air inlet; 121-air inlet valve; 130-exhaust port; 131-exhaust valve; 140-discharge port; 141-drain valve; 150-stirring shaft; 161-first motor; 162-driving sprocket; 163-driven sprocket; 164-chain; 170-water cooling jacket; 171-rotating sealing structure; 172-water cooling chamber; 173-circulating water inlet; 174-circulating water outlet; 200-solid waste feeding mechanism; 300-liquid waste feeding mechanism Mechanism; 400-steam boiler; 500-solid-liquid separator; 510-housing; 511-material receiving port; 512-side port; 513-liquid receiving hopper; 514-solid receiving hopper; 5141-baffle; 520-screw shaft; 521-screw blade; 530-second motor; 540-end plate; 541-notch; 550-filter cartridge; 560-bracket; 561-fixing ring; 562-support rod; 563-rotating sleeve; 570-spring; 600-condenser; 700-liquid discharge mechanism; 800-solid discharge mechanism; 900-frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0039] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment, comprising a subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100, a solid waste feeding mechanism 200, a liquid waste feeding mechanism 300, a steam boiler 400 and a solid-liquid separator 500.

[0040] The upper part of the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 is provided with a feeding port 110, an air inlet 120 and an exhaust port 130, the lower part of the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 is provided with a discharge port 140, the feeding port 110 is provided with a feeding valve 111, the air inlet 120 is provided with an air inlet valve 121, the exhaust port 130 is provided with an exhaust valve 131, and the discharge port 140 is provided with a discharge valve 141.

[0041] The solid waste feeding mechanism 200 is used to send solid waste into the feeding port 110, and the solid waste feeding mechanism 200 can specifically adopt a belt conveyor.

[0042] The liquid waste feeding mechanism 300 is used to send liquid waste into the feeding port 110, and the liquid waste feeding mechanism 300 can specifically adopt a pump and a pipeline.

[0043] The steam boiler 400 is connected with the feeding port 110 and used to provide high-temperature steam to the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100.

[0044] The solid-liquid separator 500 is connected with the discharge port 140 and used to separate the material discharged from the discharge port 140 into solid and liquid.

[0045] In operation, the solid waste and the liquid waste are sent into the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 through the solid waste feeding mechanism 200 and the liquid waste feeding mechanism 300 respectively, the material in the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 is heated, and high-temperature steam is introduced into the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 through the steam boiler 400, so that the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 maintains a subcritical state (temperature 100-374℃, pressure 0.5-22MPa), in which the dielectric constant of the fluid (such as water) is reduced and the diffusion is enhanced, which can not only dissolve the organic matter (such as waste oil and phenols) in the liquid waste, but also penetrate into the solid waste (such as plastics and biomass), break the mass transfer barrier of the solid-liquid interface, and realize the treatment of the solid and liquid waste, after the treatment of the solid and liquid waste is completed, the exhaust valve 131 is opened to exhaust the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100, so as to discharge the steam in the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 in advance, after the exhaust is completed, the discharge valve 141 is opened, the treated solid and liquid waste is discharged into the solid-liquid separator 500 through the discharge port 140, the solid and liquid waste is separated by the solid-liquid separator 500 to obtain solid treated material and liquid treated material, and finally the solid treated material is adjusted in composition and dried to obtain solid organic fertilizer, and the liquid treated material is adjusted in composition to obtain liquid organic fertilizer.

[0046] Therefore, the application realizes simultaneous treatment of solid waste and liquid waste, and can directly perform solid-liquid separation during unloading of the reaction kettle, thereby improving treatment efficiency.

[0047] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 The system further comprises a condenser 600 connected with the exhaust port 130, for condensing the discharged gas, and the condensed water produced by condensation can be produced for reuse.

[0048] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 The subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle 100 is fixed on the rack 900, the stirring shaft 150 rotates in the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle 100, and the two ends of the stirring shaft 150 respectively pass out from the two ends of the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle 100.

[0049] The first driving mechanism is connected with the stirring shaft 150 and is used for driving the stirring shaft 150 to rotate. Specifically, the first driving mechanism comprises a first motor 161, a driving sprocket 162, a driven sprocket 163 and a chain 164. The first motor 161 is fixed on the rack 900, the driving sprocket 162 is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the first motor 161, the driven sprocket 163 is coaxially fixed on one end of the stirring shaft 150, and the chain 164 is sleeved between the driving sprocket 162 and the driven sprocket 163. During the reaction process of the materials in the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle 100, the first motor 161 can drive the stirring shaft 150 to rotate, thereby stirring the materials in the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle 100, so as to accelerate the reaction.

[0050] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 2 The two ends of the subcritical hydrolysis reaction kettle 100 are provided with water cooling jackets 170, the two ends of the stirring shaft 150 are respectively installed in the corresponding water cooling jackets 170 through rotary sealing structures 171, the sleeve wall of the water cooling jacket 170 is provided with a water cooling cavity 172, and the water cooling jacket 170 is provided with a circulating water inlet 173 and a circulating water outlet 174 in communication with the water cooling cavity 172.

[0051] It can be understood that the rotary sealing structure 171 of the present embodiment can adopt a mechanical seal, a packing seal or the like. Since the temperature of the subcritical state is relatively high, the high temperature may affect the sealing effect of the rotary sealing structure 171. The present embodiment sets a circulating cooling water channel at the position of the rotary sealing structure 171 to perform water circulation type water cooling, so as to reduce the temperature of the rotary sealing structure 171 and ensure the sealing effect.

[0052] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4The solid-liquid separator 500 comprises a housing 510, a spiral shaft 520, a second driving mechanism and an end plate 540.

[0053] The housing 510 is arranged below the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 and fixed on the frame 900. The housing 510 is internally provided with a filter cylinder 550 extending in the transverse direction. The housing 510 is provided with a material receiving port 511 at the top of one end thereof, which is in communication with the filter cylinder 550 and is in abutment with the discharge port 140. The other end of the housing 510 is provided with a side port 512 in abutment with the side end of the filter cylinder 550 and a support 560 opposite to the outside of the side port 512. The bottom of the housing 510 is provided with a liquid receiving hopper 513 below the filter cylinder 550 and a solid receiving hopper 514 below the outside of the side port 512.

[0054] The spiral shaft 520 transversely penetrates the filter cylinder 550. The two ends of the spiral shaft 520 are rotatably installed on the side end of the housing 510 and the support 560, respectively. The spiral shaft 520 is externally provided with spiral blades 521 adapted to the filter cylinder 550.

[0055] The second driving mechanism is connected with the spiral blades 521 and used for driving the spiral shaft 520 to rotate. Specifically, the second driving mechanism comprises a second motor 530 in driving connection with one end of the spiral shaft 520.

[0056] The end plate 540 is slidably installed on the spiral shaft 520 and covers the outside of the side port 512. The spiral shaft 520 is externally provided with a spring 570 supported between the end plate 540 and the support 560.

[0057] Specifically, the support 560 comprises a fixed ring 561, a plurality of support rods 562 distributed in a ring shape and a rotating sleeve 563. The fixed ring 561 is fixed on the side end of the housing 510 and surrounds the outside of the side port 512. One end of each of the support rods 562 is fixed on the fixed ring 561. The other end of each of the support rods 562 extends outwardly, then bends towards the center and is connected to the outside of the rotating sleeve 563. The spring 570 is supported at the side end of the rotating sleeve 563.

[0058] In order to improve the stability of the sliding of the end plate 540, a plurality of notches 541 in sliding guiding cooperation with the support rods 562 are arranged around the end plate 540.

[0059] When the subcritical hydrolysis reactor 100 is unloading, the material flows into the filter cylinder 550 through the discharge port 140, and the second motor 530 drives the screw shaft 520 to rotate, driving the material to move toward one end of the side port 512. The liquid in the material is filtered out from the filter cylinder 550 and flows into the liquid receiving hopper 513. After being collected by the liquid receiving hopper 513, it is discharged through the liquid discharging mechanism 700 (pump and pipeline). The solid in the material is squeezed toward the side port 512 and pushes the end plate 540 to open the side port 512. The solid material is pushed out of the side port 512 and falls into the solid receiving hopper 514. After being collected by the solid receiving hopper 514, it is discharged through the solid discharging mechanism 800 (belt conveyor), thereby realizing solid-liquid separation. The separated solid is squeezed, which can reduce the moisture content in the solid and reduce the energy consumption of subsequent drying.

[0060] In order to prevent the solid materials pushed out of the side port 512 from falling out of the solid receiving hopper 514 , baffles 5141 extending upward and located on both sides of the bracket 560 are provided on both sides of the upper end of the solid receiving hopper 514 .

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment, characterized in that include: A subcritical hydrolysis reactor, wherein the upper portion of the subcritical hydrolysis reactor is provided with a feed port, an air inlet and an exhaust port, the lower portion of the subcritical hydrolysis reactor is provided with a discharge port, the feed port is provided with a feed valve, the air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve, the exhaust port is provided with an exhaust valve, and the discharge port is provided with a discharge valve; A solid waste feeding mechanism, which is used to feed solid waste into a feeding port; A liquid waste feeding mechanism, wherein the liquid waste feeding mechanism is used to feed the liquid waste into the feeding port; a steam boiler connected to the feed inlet and used to provide high-temperature steam to the subcritical hydrolysis reactor; A solid-liquid separator is connected to the discharge port and is used for performing solid-liquid separation on the material discharged from the discharge port.

2. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a condenser, which is connected to the exhaust port and is used to condense the exhausted gas.

3. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that The subcritical hydrolysis reactor is provided with a stirring shaft and a first driving mechanism; The subcritical hydrolysis reactor is fixed on a frame, and the stirring shaft rotates in the subcritical hydrolysis reactor, with both ends of the stirring shaft passing through both ends of the subcritical hydrolysis reactor respectively; The first driving mechanism is connected to the stirring shaft and is used to drive the stirring shaft to rotate.

4. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that The first driving mechanism includes a first motor, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain. The first motor is fixed on the frame, the driving sprocket is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the first motor, the driven sprocket is coaxially fixed on one end of the stirring shaft, and the chain is sleeved between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket.

5. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that Water cooling jackets are provided at both ends of the subcritical hydrolysis reactor, and rotary sealing structures at both ends of the stirring shaft are respectively installed in the corresponding water cooling jackets. A water cooling cavity is provided in the jacket wall of the water cooling jacket, and a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet connected to the water cooling cavity are provided outside the water cooling jacket.

6. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that The solid-liquid separator includes a housing, a screw shaft, a second driving mechanism and an end plate; The housing is arranged below the subcritical hydrolysis reactor and fixed on the frame, a filter cartridge extending in the transverse direction is provided in the housing, a material receiving port communicating with the filter cartridge is provided at the top of the housing near one end, the material receiving port is docked with the discharge port, a side port docked with the side end of the filter cartridge and a bracket facing the outside of the side port are provided at the other end of the housing, a liquid receiving hopper located below the filter cartridge and a solid receiving hopper located below the outside of the side port are provided at the bottom of the housing; The spiral shaft passes through the filter cartridge transversely, and both ends of the spiral shaft are rotatably mounted on the side ends of the shell and the bracket respectively. The spiral shaft is provided with spiral blades adapted to fit in the filter cartridge. The second driving mechanism is connected to the spiral blade and is used to drive the spiral shaft to rotate; The end plate covers the outer side of the side port and is slidably mounted on the spiral shaft. The outer sleeve of the spiral shaft is provided with a spring supported between the end plate and the bracket.

7. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that The second driving mechanism includes a second motor, and the second motor is transmission-connected to one end of the screw shaft.

8. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that The bracket includes a fixed ring, a plurality of support rods distributed in an annular shape, and a rotating sleeve; The device is fixed to the side end of the housing and surrounds the outside of the side port; One end of each support rod is fixed on the fixing ring, and the other end of each support rod extends outward, bends toward the center and is connected to the outside of the rotating sleeve. The spring is supported on the side end of the rotating sleeve.

9. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 8, characterized in that A plurality of notches are provided around the end plate for slidingly guiding with each of the support rods.

10. The subcritical system for solid and liquid waste treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that Baffles extending upward and located on both sides of the bracket are provided on both sides of the upper end of the solid receiving hopper.

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