Vertical disc crusher

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical disc crusher, which belongs to the technical field of crushing devices, and is characterized in that the vertical disc crusher comprises a fixed disc and a rotating disc, and further comprises a power motor, a lifting device, an air injection device, a ball brush and a shell, the two grinding discs are located in the shell, the fixed disc is located above the rotary disc, and a feeding hole is formed in the fixed disc; a hopper is mounted above the fixed disc; the power motor drives the rotating disc to rotate; the air injection device comprises an air pump, a pipeline and a nozzle, and the air pump is communicated with the nozzle through the pipeline; the nozzles are respectively positioned at the hopper and on the shell; the lifting device comprises a lifting motor and a transmission device; the lifting motor provides power, and the power of the motor is converted into acting force in the vertical direction through the transmission device to lift the fixing disc. Compared with the prior art, the interior of the crusher can be conveniently and quickly cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a crushing device, in particular to a vertical disc crusher. Background Art

[0002] A vertical disc mill is a key piece of equipment widely used in geological and mineral exploration institutes, laboratories, and research institutions for preparing mineral and rock samples. Its core working component typically consists of a pair of vertically arranged, counter-rotating grinding discs (one fixed, the other rotating). By adjusting the gap between the two discs and feeding material between them for extrusion, shearing, and grinding, the desired powder sample is obtained.

[0003] In geological mineral analysis, it is crucial to ensure the representativeness of samples and avoid cross-contamination, which is directly related to the accuracy of subsequent mineral identification, chemical composition analysis (such as XRF, ICP, etc.) and mineral processing test results. However, the vertical disc crusher in the existing technology faces a significant problem in actual use: after completing the crushing of a specific mineral sample, a trace amount of this mineral powder will inevitably remain in the crushing chamber (especially in the grinding disc gap, inner wall, discharge channel, etc.). If the next mineral sample is directly added for crushing without being thoroughly cleaned, these residual powders will inevitably be mixed into the new sample, causing serious sample contamination (sample cross-contamination). This phenomenon will not only contaminate subsequent samples, resulting in distortion or even errors in analytical test results, seriously affecting the reliability of experimental data and the rigor of geological science research, but may also cause significant economic losses or deviations in research conclusions due to confusion between the characteristics of different samples.

[0004] To address the contamination caused by residual powder, the traditional approach requires thorough manual cleaning whenever the type of material being crushed changes. This requires the operator to interrupt the crushing operation, remove some protective shields or covers, and repeatedly clean and wipe the crusher interior using tools such as brushes, air guns, and wiping cloths to ensure cleanliness. However, this approach has several significant drawbacks: ① It is cumbersome and time-consuming: The disassembly, cleaning, and reassembly process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, significantly reducing laboratory efficiency and extending sample preparation cycles. This issue is particularly prominent in laboratories that frequently change between different mineral types. ② Unstable cleaning results: Manual operation is difficult to completely and thoroughly remove stubborn residual powder from tiny crevices and corners. This is especially true for minerals with fine particle sizes or adhesive properties, where the risk of incomplete cleaning is always present. ③ Dust pollution can even pose a safety hazard: When using brushes or air guns to remove dust, some dust can become airborne, causing dust pollution that can then be inhaled. This is especially true for mineral dust containing harmful elements, posing a health risk.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution to effectively address the problem of residual contamination within vertical disc mills during material changes. This is particularly true for applications such as laboratories at geological and mineral exploration institutes, which require extremely high sample purity. It is crucial to develop a mechanism that can be integrated into the equipment, eliminates the need for frequent disassembly, and efficiently and completely automatically remove residual mineral powder. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical task of the present invention is to provide a vertical disc crusher in view of the above deficiencies in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a vertical disc crusher, characterized in that: it includes a fixed disc and a rotating disc, and also includes a power motor, a lifting device, an air jet device, a ball brush and a shell; the two grinding discs are located in the shell, with the fixed disc on the top and the rotating disc on the bottom, and a feed hole is provided on the fixed disc; a hopper is installed above the fixed disc; the rotating disc is driven to rotate by the power motor; the air jet device includes an air pump, a pipe and a nozzle, and the air pump is connected to the nozzle through the pipe; the nozzle is respectively located at the hopper and on the shell; the lifting device includes a lifting motor and a transmission device; the lifting motor provides power, and the power of the motor is converted into a vertical force through the transmission device to lift the fixed disc.

[0008] An inclined annular channel is provided below the periphery of the fixed disk; a discharge port is provided at the lowest point of the annular channel; and a sealed chamber is provided below the discharge port, in which a storage box is provided.

[0009] An air outlet is provided on the shell, and the air outlet is located at a lower position close to the annular channel; an air channel is provided on the outside of the air outlet, and the air mixed with dust in the crusher is discharged through the air channel; the air channel is inclined upward near the air outlet.

[0010] The air passage is connected to an air purification device.

[0011] The above-mentioned air purification device includes a cyclone dust collector.

[0012] The above-mentioned transmission device includes a worm gear structure, a rotating ring and a fixed ring; the output shaft of the lifting motor is provided with a worm gear structure, and the rotating ring is provided with a worm gear structure, and the lifting motor drives the rotating ring to rotate through the worm gear structure; the rotating ring is a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of inclined strip holes are provided on the side wall of the rotating ring; the fixed ring is fixed on the fixed disk, and the fixed ring is provided with a columnar protrusion adapted to the strip holes, and the columnar protrusion passes through the strip holes; a limiting device is provided between the fixing ring and the shell, and the fixing ring is limited by the limiting device to move only in the vertical direction and cannot rotate.

[0013] The above-mentioned limiting device includes a slider and a slide rail; the slide rail is vertically installed on the shell, and the slider is fixed on the fixed ring. Through the joint action of the slide rail and the slider, the fixed ring and the fixed plate can only move in the vertical direction.

[0014] A cylindrical cover is provided below the above-mentioned rotating disk; the upper surface of the cover is a basin-shaped structure with a concave middle portion, the upper edge of the basin-shaped structure is close to the rotating disk, and a gap is formed between the edge of the basin-shaped structure and the rotating disk; a cavity is formed between the middle part of the basin-shaped structure and the lower surface of the rotating disk, a number of blades are provided on the lower surface of the rotating disk, and an air inlet is provided on the basin-shaped structure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

[0016] It can clean the materials attached to the inside of the crushing device conveniently and efficiently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is an appearance diagram of the hopper cover of the present invention when it is opened.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an appearance diagram of the hopper cover of the present invention when it is closed.

[0019] Figure 3 It is an internal structure diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the ball brush of the present invention during cleaning.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the grinding disc structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention includes two grinding discs, namely a fixed disc 18 and a rotating disc 19 , and also includes a power motor 1 , a lifting device, an air jet device, an air purification device, a ball brush 25 and a housing 5 .

[0025] The two grinding discs are located within the housing 5, with a fixed disc 18 on top and a rotating disc 19 on the bottom. A feed hole is provided on the fixed disc 18. A hopper 4 is mounted above the fixed disc 18, and the opening below the hopper 4 is mounted on the feed hole. Material flows from the hopper 4 through the feed hole and into the grinding discs. The rotating disc 19 is driven by a power motor 1.

[0026] The ground powder falls out from the periphery of the two grinding discs. An inclined annular channel 20 is provided below the periphery of the fixed disc 18. The powder that emerges from the grinding discs falls onto the annular channel 20 and slides downward there. A discharge port 22 is provided at the lowest point of the annular channel 20, through which the powder falls. Below discharge port 22 is a sealed chamber containing a storage box 8, into which the falling powder enters.

[0027] The air injection device comprises an air pump, a pipe 9, and a nozzle 3. The air pump is connected to the nozzle 3 via the pipe 9, which injects a high-speed airflow into the grinder, thereby blowing out any remaining material. A hopper cover 2 is provided at the upper opening of the hopper 4, which is also equipped with a nozzle 3. After grinding is completed, the hopper cover 2 is fastened to the hopper 4. The nozzle 3 on the hopper cover 2 injects a high-speed airflow into the hopper 4, which flows through the feed hole into the grinding disc, blowing away any remaining powder along the way.

[0028] A series of nozzles 3 are provided on the side walls of the housing 5. When the airflow ejected from the nozzles 3 on the hopper 4 flows onto the grinding disc, the airflow velocity decreases and the impact force weakens, so some powder cannot be blown off. The powder attached to the grinding disc is blown off at high speed and close distance through the nozzles 3 on the side walls of the housing 5.

[0029] The shell 5 is provided with an air outlet 24, which is located at a lower position near the annular channel 20, that is, near the discharge port 22. An air channel 7 is provided on the outside of the air outlet 24, through which the air mixed with dust in the grinder is discharged. The air channel 7 is tilted upward near the air outlet 24 to prevent powder from entering the air channel 7 during the grinding process. The air channel 7 is connected to an air purification device, which is used to separate the dust in the air and discharge the clean air into the atmosphere. The air purification device includes a cyclone dust collector 6. The dust is preliminarily separated by the cyclone dust collector 6, and the separated powder can be recycled.

[0030] The lifting device includes a lifting motor 10 and a transmission device. The lifting motor 10 provides power, and the transmission device converts the power of the motor into a vertical force to lift the fixed plate 18.

[0031] Specifically, the transmission device comprises a worm gear 12, a worm 11 structure, a rotating ring 15, and a fixed ring 26. The worm gear 11 is mounted on the output shaft of the lifting motor 10, and the rotating ring 15 is equipped with a worm gear 12. The lifting motor 10 drives the rotating ring 15 to rotate via the worm gear 12 and worm 11 structure. The rotating ring 15 is cylindrical in structure, with several inclined strip-shaped holes 13 defined on its sidewall. The fixed ring 26 is secured to the fixed plate 18 and is provided with cylindrical protrusions 14 that fit within the strip-shaped holes 13 and pass through the strip-shaped holes 13. A limiter is provided between the fixed ring 26 and the housing 5, restricting the fixed ring 26 to vertical movement and preventing rotation. When the lifting motor 10 drives the rotating ring 15 to rotate, the strip-shaped holes 13 and cylindrical protrusions 14 act together to drive the fixed ring 26 and the fixed plate 18 to move up and down. The limiting device includes a slider 16 and a slide rail 17. The slide rail 17 is vertically mounted on the housing 5, and the slider 16 is fixed on the fixing ring 26. Through the combined action of the slide rail 17 and the slider 16, the fixing ring 26 and the fixing plate 18 can only move in the vertical direction.

[0032] For mineral samples with low purity requirements, air flow flushing can meet the requirements. When the purity requirements for the mineral samples are relatively high, or minerals attached to the grinder are difficult to remove, the ball brush 25 can be used to deeply clean the inside of the grinder.

[0033] The ball brush 25 includes a sphere and bristles, wherein the sphere is used to fix the bristles, and the bristles extend outward from the surface of the sphere to form a chestnut-like structure. Figure 5 As shown, the fixed disk 18 is lifted to a certain height by a lifting device; a certain number of ball brushes 25 are placed in the hopper 4, and then the power motor 1 is started to drive the rotating disk 19 to rotate slowly. The ball brushes 25 enter the grinding disk from the hopper 4 through the feed hole. As the rotating disk 19 rotates, the ball brushes 25 are driven to move in the grinding disk until they fall out. During the movement, the bristles of the ball brush 25 clean the inside of the grinder, thereby further cleaning out the powder attached to the inside of the grinder, ensuring that no powder remains in the internal chamber of the grinder. After cleaning, the ball brush 25 needs to be cleaned. It can be placed in an ultrasonic water tank to clean the powder attached to the ball brush 25.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, a cylindrical housing 21 is located below the rotating disk 19. The upper surface of the housing 21 is a concave, basin-shaped structure 23. The upper edge of the basin 23 is adjacent to the rotating disk 19, forming a gap between the edge of the basin 23 and the rotating disk 19. A cavity is formed between the middle portion of the basin 23 and the lower surface of the rotating disk 19. Several blades 27 are provided on the lower surface of the rotating disk 19. When the rotating disk 19 drives the blades 27 to rotate, a fan structure is formed. The blades 27 blow air from the cavity outward through the gap. The basin 23 is provided with air inlet holes, thus ensuring a continuous flow of air. In the natural state, powder will enter the gap during the grinding process. When the grinding material is changed, the powder in the gap will be disturbed by the airflow and float out, contaminating the new material. The fan continuously blows air outward from the gap within the basin 23, preventing the powder from entering the gap and thus preventing the old powder from contaminating the new material.

[0035] It should be noted that the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes to it without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical disc crusher, characterized by: It includes a fixed disk and a rotating disk, as well as a power motor, a lifting device, an air jet device, a ball brush and a shell; the two grinding disks are located in the shell, with the fixed disk on the top and the rotating disk on the bottom, and a feed hole is provided on the fixed disk; a hopper is installed above the fixed disk; the rotating disk is driven to rotate by the power motor; the air jet device includes an air pump, a pipe and a nozzle, and the air pump is connected to the nozzle through the pipe; the nozzle is respectively located at the hopper and the shell; the lifting device includes a lifting motor and a transmission device; the lifting motor provides power, and the power of the motor is converted into a vertical force through the transmission device to lift the fixed disk.

2. A vertical disc crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined annular channel is provided below the periphery of the fixed disk; a discharge port is provided at the lowest point of the annular channel; and a sealed chamber is provided below the discharge port, in which a storage box is provided.

3. A vertical disc crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell is provided with an air outlet, which is located at a lower position close to the annular channel; an air channel is provided outside the air outlet, and the air mixed with dust in the pulverizer is discharged through the air channel; The position of the air passage close to the air outlet is inclined upward.

4. A vertical disc crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air passage is connected to an air purification device.

5. A vertical disc crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air purification device includes a cyclone dust collector.

6. The vertical disc crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission device includes a worm gear structure, a rotating ring and a fixed ring; the output shaft of the lifting motor is provided with a worm gear structure, and the rotating ring is provided with a worm gear structure, and the lifting motor drives the rotating ring to rotate through the worm gear structure; the rotating ring is a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of inclined strip holes are provided on the side wall of the rotating ring; the fixed ring is fixed on the fixed disk, and the fixed ring is provided with a columnar protrusion adapted to the strip holes, and the columnar protrusion passes through the strip holes; a limiting device is provided between the fixing ring and the shell, and the fixing ring is limited by the limiting device to move only in the vertical direction and cannot rotate.

7. A vertical disc crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting device includes a slider and a slide rail; the slide rail is vertically installed on the shell, and the slider is fixed on the fixed ring. Through the joint action of the slide rail and the slider, the fixed ring and the fixed plate can only move in the vertical direction.

8. The vertical disc crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylindrical cover is provided below the rotating disk; the upper surface of the cover is a basin-shaped structure with a concave middle portion, the upper edge of the basin-shaped structure is close to the rotating disk, and a gap is formed between the edge of the basin-shaped structure and the rotating disk; a cavity is formed between the middle part of the basin-shaped structure and the lower surface of the rotating disk, a plurality of blades are provided on the lower surface of the rotating disk, and an air inlet is provided on the basin-shaped structure.

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