Casting equipment and using method thereof
By using bladder components and grabbing components in the casting equipment, the sand core is firmly supported, the problem of unstable sand core placement is solved, and the casting quality and pouring efficiency are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510817470.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
AI Technical Summary
In the existing steel shot molding technology, the sand core is not placed stably, which makes it difficult to ensure the quality of the casting. Especially when the postures of multiple sand cores are different, the casting is seriously troubled.
The capsule parts include a middle capsule and a side capsule. The capsule parts are placed on the steel shot through a grabbing assembly, and when the sand core is placed, the gas in the middle capsule is transferred to the side capsule to form a stable support to avoid instability of the sand core.
Ensure that the sand core remains in a stable position during the casting process, improve the quality of the casting, simplify the pouring process, and avoid the movement of steel shot affecting the casting molding.
Smart Images
Figure CN120755304A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of casting equipment, and in particular to a casting equipment and a method for using the same. Background Art
[0002] With the revolutionary improvement of casting equipment, the use of steel shots to fill sand boxes has emerged to support and fix the sand cores. Compared with traditional technologies, this steel shot molding technology has good thermal conductivity and can achieve better heat conduction during the casting process. At the same time, the good filling capacity of steel shots can ensure that the sand core is evenly stressed during thermal expansion, which has obvious advantages.
[0003] The existing steel shot forming technology mainly includes the following steps: first, a layer of steel shot is filled into the sand box through a steel shot hopper, and a vibrator or other structure is required to flatten the steel shot. Then, a sand core is placed. Then, the steel shot is fed into the gaps between the sand box and the sand core through the steel shot hopper, and finally, casting is performed. In the process of placing the sand core, due to the gravity of the sand core and the imbalance of the center of gravity, the steel shot is easily squeezed locally after the sand core is placed, resulting in an unstable sand core. Especially when multiple sand cores need to be placed in a sand box, if the postures of each sand core are different, it will make it difficult to uniformly control the pouring of molten iron, which will cause problems in pouring and affect the quality of the casting. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problem of unstable sand core placement in existing steel shot forming technology and provides a casting device and a use method thereof, which can maintain the stability of sand core placement and improve the quality of castings.
[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0006] A casting device includes a sand box, wherein a sand core can be placed in the sand box, and a gap between the sand core and the sand box is filled with steel shot; the casting device also includes:
[0007] The bladder component includes a middle bladder and side bladders, wherein the middle bladder can store gas in advance; the side bladders are arranged around the middle bladder, and a connecting portion is provided between the side bladders and the middle bladder, wherein the connecting portion seals the side bladders and the middle bladder, and the connection strength of the connecting portion is less than the structural strength of the bladder component, and the connecting portion can be destroyed when the middle bladder is squeezed by the sand core, thereby connecting the side bladders and the middle bladder; the side bladders can be filled between the sand core and the sand box after being inflated;
[0008] The grabbing assembly can grab the bladder component and transfer it to the bottom steel shot after the bottom steel shot is filled in the sand box.
[0009] Optionally, the grabbing assembly includes an adsorption component and an inflation component, the adsorption component is connected to a negative pressure adsorption device, which can adsorb the sac component to transfer the sac; the inflation component is connected to an inflation device, which can inflate the middle sac of the sac component.
[0010] Optionally, the grabbing assembly also includes a support plate, on which the adsorption member and the inflatable member are arranged, an inflation nozzle is provided on the intermediate sac, a one-way valve is provided in the inflation nozzle, an inflation hole that can be inserted by the inflation nozzle is provided on the support plate, and detachable concave and convex limiting structures that can cooperate with each other are provided on the inflation hole and the inflation nozzle, and the inflation hole is connected to the inflatable member.
[0011] Optionally, the sac component also includes a peripheral sac, which is connected to the intermediate sac. The peripheral sac can be interference fit on the inner wall of the sand box after inflation, and the friction between the peripheral sac and the inner wall of the sand box is greater than the resistance of the detachable concave and convex limiting structures to detach from each other.
[0012] Optionally, the bottom of the sand core is further provided with a concave cavity structure capable of accommodating the inflation nozzle.
[0013] Optionally, an induction heating device is provided at the outlet of the steel shot discharge hopper, and the induction heating device can heat the steel shots at the outlet so that the steel shots coming out can destroy the side capsule.
[0014] A method for using the aforementioned casting device comprises the following steps:
[0015] Use the first steel shot discharge hopper to fill the empty sand box with steel shots. The amount of steel shots can reach a thickness of 8-10cm in the sand box.
[0016] The grabbing assembly grabs the capsule part and places it on the steel shot in the sand box;
[0017] Placing a sand core, which presses the middle capsule of the capsule assembly so that the gas in the middle capsule is transferred to the side capsules to fill the side capsules between the sand box and the sand core;
[0018] Use the second steel shot discharge hopper to continue filling the sand box with steel shots. During the filling process, the side capsules are destroyed and the side capsules are deflated, allowing the steel shots to fill the space between the sand box and the sand core.
[0019] Pour molten iron into the sand core, cool it, turn the box over, take out the casting, and complete the casting.
[0020] Optionally, the grabbing assembly grabs the bladder component and places it on the steel shot in the sand box, while the support plate of the grabbing assembly is used to level the steel shot.
[0021] Optionally, while the steel shot is leveled by the support plate of the grabbing assembly, the inflation hole on the support plate is docked with the inflation nozzle of the intermediate sac, and the intermediate sac is inflated through the inflation component using the inflation device. While inflating, the grabbing assembly moves upward, and finally the concave and convex limiting structures can be separated from each other, and the inflation stops and is completed.
[0022] Optionally, before the second steel shot discharge hopper discharges the material, the steel shots at the outlet are first heated by the induction heating device provided at the outlet, and then the steel shots are released. The steel shots discharged first can heat the side capsule to achieve deflation, and then the steel shots that fall successively are filled between the sand box and the sand core.
[0023] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0024] The casting equipment and the use method of the present invention utilize the gap between two discharges to set up a grabbing assembly and a bladder component. The grabbing assembly can be used to place the bladder component on the flat steel shots, and then the middle bladder of the bladder component is inflated. In this way, when placing the sand core, the gas in the middle bladder is transferred to the side bladders. During the transfer process, the sand core is wrapped step by step to form a stable support. At the same time, during the wrapping process, it also effectively supports the bottom steel shots to prevent the steel shots from moving. The sand core can maintain the set position, which greatly facilitates the subsequent pouring work and ensures the quality of the casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 It is a front view of a casting device in the prior art;
[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box in the first state of the prior art;
[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box in the second state of the prior art;
[0028] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box in the third state of the prior art;
[0029] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box in the fourth state of the prior art;
[0030] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the casting equipment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box of the present invention in a first state;
[0032] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box of the present invention in the second state;
[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 8a top view of the bladder component in the illustrated state;
[0034] Figure 10 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box of the present invention in the third state;
[0035] Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box of the present invention in the fourth state;
[0036] Figure 12 It is a cross-sectional view of the flask of the present invention in the fifth state;
[0037] Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional view of the flask of the present invention in the sixth state;
[0038] Figure 14 It is a cross-sectional view of the sand box of the present invention in the seventh state;
[0039] Reference numerals:
[0040] 1-first steel shot discharge hopper, 2-second steel shot discharge hopper, 21-induction heating device, 3-sand box, 4-conveying guide rail, 5-steel shot, 6-sand core, 7-grabbing assembly, 71-transverse movement mechanism, 72-longitudinal movement mechanism, 73-support plate, 74-inflatable member, 75-adsorption member, 8-bladder component, 81-inflating nozzle, 82-middle bladder, 83-peripheral bladder, 84-side bladder, 85-connecting part, DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] Reference Figure 1 The existing casting equipment mainly includes two steel shot discharge hoppers, a conveying guide 4 and a sand box 3. The sand box 3 is moved in sequence by the conveying guide 4 and passes through the two steel shot discharge hoppers respectively. When passing through the first steel shot discharge hopper 1, the first discharge is carried out, and a layer of steel shot 5 is laid on the bottom of the sand box 3. Figure 2 As shown, a certain height of steel shot 5 is laid in the sand box 3, and a vibrator or other device is needed to complete the vibration in order to lay the steel shot 5 flat. Then the sand box 3 is moved, and the sand core 6 is placed in the sand box 3 by a manual or mechanical core setting device to form a Figure 3 Then move the sand box 3 to the second steel shot discharge hopper 2 and continue to discharge the steel shot 5 so that the steel shot 5 can fill the gap between the sand box 3 and the sand core 6 to form the state shown in the figure. Figure 4 In the state shown, molten iron can finally be poured into the sand core 6 to carry out casting work.
[0042] However, in the process of placing the sand core 6, since the steel shot 5 at the bottom of the sand box 3 is always in an active state, once it is pressed, it is easy to move and cannot maintain the original plane state. Figure 3 The ideal state shown in the figure is as follows. Figure 5As shown in the state, the steel shot 5 is partially moved, and the sand core 6 is tilted outward, resulting in failure to cast normally during casting.
[0043] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a new casting equipment based on the existing casting equipment, the specific structure of which is as follows:
[0044] Reference Figure 6-Figure 14 The casting equipment of the present invention is based on the structures of the first steel shot discharge hopper 1, the second steel shot discharge hopper 2, the conveying guide rail 4 and the sand box 3 in the prior art. In addition, a grabbing assembly 7 is provided in the area between the first steel shot discharge hopper 1 and the second steel shot discharge hopper 2, and a stacked bladder component 8 is provided on one side of the conveying track. The bladder component 8 can be grabbed into the sand box 3 by the grabbing assembly 7. By inflating the bladder component 8 and then placing the sand core 6, the bladder component 8 can be used to wrap the sand core 6 to form a stable support, thereby effectively avoiding the sand core 6 from acting on the steel shot 5 and causing the sand core 6 to be unstable.
[0045] Specifically, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 9 The bladder component 8 includes a central bladder 82 and side bladders 84. The central bladder 82 can store gas in advance. Pre-storing gas here means that the central air bladder is in a gas-stored state before the sand core 6 is placed. The side bladders 84 are arranged around the central bladder 82. Connectors 85 are provided between the side bladders 84 and the central bladder 82. The connectors 85 can be formed by adhesive bonding or hot-melt bonding. The connectors 85 seal the side bladders 84 and the central bladder 82. The connection strength of the connectors 85 is less than the structural strength of the bladder component 8. The connectors 85 can be broken when the central bladder 82 is squeezed by the sand core 6, thereby connecting the side bladders 84 and the central bladder 82. The side bladders 84 can be inflated and filled between the sand core 6 and the flask 3. The bladder component 8 of the present invention can be made of plastic or other heat-meltable materials. The bladder component 8 can eventually be melted and burned during the high-temperature casting process, avoiding the material remaining in the steel shot 5 and hindering the recycling of the steel shot 5. For example, plastic can remain at a high temperature of several hundred degrees in the middle of the steel shot 5 during the high-temperature casting process of more than 1000 degrees, which can reach the ignition point of the plastic and burn and melt.
[0046] Reference Figure 6 The grabbing assembly 7 includes a grabbing bracket, on which a transverse movement mechanism 71 and a longitudinal movement mechanism 72 are provided. The transverse movement mechanism 71 and the longitudinal movement mechanism 72 can be a combination of a conventional motor and a screw drive mechanism. A support plate 73 is provided on the longitudinal movement mechanism 72 to drive the support plate 73 to move up and down, and the transverse movement mechanism 71 drives the longitudinal movement mechanism 72 to move horizontally. Figure 7The gripping assembly 7 includes a suction member 75, an inflatable member 74, and a support plate 73. The suction member 75 and the inflatable member 74 are arranged on the support plate 73. The suction member 75 is connected to a negative pressure suction device, such as a vacuum pump, which can suck the bladder component 8 to transfer the bladder. The suction member 75 here is a plurality of microporous structures arranged on the support plate 73, which are connected to the vacuum pump via a connecting joint and a connecting tube. Through the principle of negative pressure suction, the suction and gripping of the bladder are completed. The inflatable member 74 is connected to an inflatable device, such as a blower, which can inflate the middle bladder 82 of the bladder component 8. The middle bladder 82 is provided with an inflating nozzle 81, which is provided with a one-way valve. The support plate 73 is provided with an inflating hole that can be inserted by the inflating nozzle 81. The inflating hole and the inflating nozzle 81 are provided with detachable concave and convex limiting structures that can cooperate with each other. The inflating hole is connected to the inflatable member 74, which is here a connecting joint and a connecting tube. The detachable concave-convex limiting structure can be formed by providing a protrusion on the inflation hole and a concave cavity on the inflation nozzle 81, or by providing a protrusion on the inflation nozzle 81 and a concave cavity on the inflation hole to form a detachable concave-convex limiting structure.
[0047] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , after the bottom steel shot 5 is filled in the sand box 3, the bladder component 8 can be grabbed and transferred to the bottom steel shot 5 through the grabbing assembly 7. Specifically, the support plate 73 is first moved to the top of the stacked bladder components 8, and the negative pressure adsorption device is started. The bladder component 8 can be adsorbed by the adsorption member 75 on the support plate 73, and then the adsorbed bladder component 8 can be moved into the sand box 3 filled with the bottom steel shot 5 by the coordinated movement of the transverse mechanism 71 and the longitudinal mechanism 72. In the process of placing the bladder component 8, the planar performance of the support plate 73 can also be used to achieve the flattening of the sand core 6, avoiding the need to use a vibrator or other device to complete the vibration work in the prior art. In addition, when the thickness of the steel shot 5 is not very thick, the vibration effect is not obvious. The support plate 73 of the present invention can easily complete the leveling work, and the bladder component 8 adsorbed below the support plate 73 is relatively thin, which does not affect the leveling work.
[0048] When the front grabbing component 7 adsorbs and grabs the bladder component 8, the inflation hole on the support plate 73 is docked with the inflation nozzle 81 of the bladder component 8 through adsorption force and accurate alignment. Therefore, after the bladder component 8 is placed, the adsorption of the negative pressure adsorption device can be stopped, and then the inflation device can be turned on for inflation. At the same time of inflation, the longitudinal movement mechanism 72 needs to be moved above to provide space for the middle bladder 82 to expand. After the middle bladder 82 is inflated, the longitudinal movement mechanism 72 continues to move so that the inflation hole and the inflation nozzle 81 are separated from each other.
[0049] In order to better realize the mutual separation of the inflation hole and the inflation nozzle 81, the bladder component 8 further comprises a peripheral bladder in communication between the intermediate bladder 82, which can be in interference fit with the inner wall of the sand box 3 after inflation, and the friction between the peripheral bladder and the inner wall of the sand box 3 is greater than the resistance of the mutual separation of the detachable convex-concave limiting structure. When the inflation hole and the inflation nozzle 81 are separated from each other, the entire bladder can be positioned on the surface of the bottom layer of steel shots 5 and will not follow the movement.
[0050] Referring to Figure 10-12 When the inflation of the bladder component 8 is completed, the sand core 6 can be placed in the sand box 3 by manual or mechanical core setting device, which can be realized by using the existing technology in the art. During the core setting process, the sand core 6 extrudes the intermediate bladder 82, and the extrusion force is sufficient to break the connecting part 85 of the intermediate bladder 82 and the side bladder 84 without damaging the bladder component 8, so as to extrude the air in the intermediate bladder 82 to the side bladder 84. With the downward movement of the sand core 6, the intermediate bladder 82 gradually shrinks, and the side bladder 84 gradually expands, and the expansion process just wraps the sand core 6, and the surrounding effect makes the four sides of the sand core 6 form a stable support, preventing the sand core 6 from being unstable during the placement process and causing problems such as tilting. At the same time, the gas finally stays in the side bladder 84 and the peripheral bladder, so that the peripheral bladder component 8 expands and forms a tension state for the bladder component 8 itself, so that the placed sand core 6 will not be extruded to the bottom layer of steel shots 5 due to the unstable center of gravity, and the bladder component 8 forms a supporting plane, which has a good supporting effect.
[0051] During the process of placing the sand core 6, in order to prevent the inflation nozzle 81 from extruding the sand core 6, a recess structure capable of accommodating the inflation nozzle 81 is arranged at the bottom of the sand core 6.
[0052] Referring to Figure 13-14 After the work under the sand core 6 is completed, the steel shots 5 can be released through the second steel shot hopper 2 for filling. In order to release the gas of the bladder component 8 at the same time as the release of the steel shots 5, the two actions can be performed simultaneously. The casting equipment of the embodiment further comprises an induction heating device 21 arranged at the outlet of the steel shot hopper, which can heat the steel shots 5 at the outlet to make the outgoing steel shots 5 capable of damaging the side bladder 84. The heating temperature only needs to ensure that the part of the steel shots 5 at the outlet can form a hot melt to damage the bladder component 8, and the released high-temperature steel shots 5 fall on the side bladder 84 and the peripheral bladder 83, which damages them and gradually releases the gas. During the process of releasing the gas, the steel shots 5 are filled, so the two actions are performed simultaneously to maintain the stability of the sand core 6.
[0053] The application also provides a use method based on the casting equipment, which comprises the following steps:
[0054] The first steel shot hopper 1 is used to fill the sand box 3 with steel shots 5, and the quantity of the steel shots 5 can reach the thickness of 8-10 cm laid in the sand box 3;
[0055] The grabbing assembly 7 grabs the capsule component 8 and places it on the steel shots 5 in the sand box 3; while the grabbing assembly 7 grabs the capsule component 8 and places it on the steel shots 5 in the sand box 3, the support plate 73 of the grabbing assembly 7 is used to level the steel shots 5; while the support plate 73 of the grabbing assembly 7 is used to level the steel shots 5, the inflation hole on the support plate 73 is connected with the inflation nozzle 81 of the middle capsule 82, the middle capsule 82 is inflated by the inflation device through the inflation member 74, the grabbing assembly 7 is moved upward while the middle capsule 82 is inflated, and finally the grabbing assembly 7 and the concave-convex limiting structure are separated from each other, the inflation is stopped and the inflation is completed.
[0056] The sand core 6 is placed, the sand core 6 presses the middle capsule 82 of the capsule assembly, so that the gas in the middle capsule 82 is transferred to the side capsule 84 to fill the side capsule 84 between the sand box 3 and the sand core 6;
[0057] Before the second steel shot hopper 2 is discharged, the induction heating device 21 arranged at the outlet is used to heat the steel shots 5 at the outlet position, and then the steel shots 5 are released, the steel shots 5 discharged first can melt the side capsule 84 to realize degassing, and then the steel shots 5 falling successively fill between the sand box 3 and the sand core 6; the second steel shot hopper 2 is used to continue to fill the steel shots 5 into the sand box 3, and during the filling process, the side capsule 84 is damaged, the side capsule 84 is degassed, and the steel shots 5 are filled between the sand box 3 and the sand core 6;
[0058] The molten iron is poured into the sand core 6, cooled, the box is turned over, the casting is taken out, and the casting is completed.
Claims
1. A casting device comprising a sand box, wherein a sand core can be placed in the sand box, and a gap between the sand core and the sand box is filled with steel shot; characterized in that: The casting equipment also includes: The bladder component includes a middle bladder and side bladders, wherein the middle bladder can store gas in advance; the side bladders are arranged around the middle bladder, and a connecting portion is provided between the side bladders and the middle bladder, wherein the connecting portion seals the side bladders and the middle bladder, and the connection strength of the connecting portion is less than the structural strength of the bladder component, and the connecting portion can be destroyed when the middle bladder is squeezed by the sand core, thereby connecting the side bladders and the middle bladder; the side bladders can be filled between the sand core and the sand box after being inflated; The grabbing assembly can grab the bladder component and transfer it to the bottom steel shot after the bottom steel shot is filled in the sand box.
2. The casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The grabbing assembly includes an adsorption component and an inflation component. The adsorption component is connected to a negative pressure adsorption device and can adsorb the sac component to transfer the sac; the inflation component is connected to an inflation device and can inflate the middle sac of the sac component.
3. The casting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that The grabbing assembly also includes a support plate, on which the adsorption component and the inflatable component are arranged, an inflation nozzle is provided on the intermediate capsule, a one-way valve is provided in the inflation nozzle, an inflation hole is provided on the support plate into which the inflation nozzle can be inserted, and detachable concave and convex limiting structures that can cooperate with each other are provided on the inflation hole and the inflation nozzle, and the inflation hole is connected to the inflatable component.
4. The casting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that The sac component also includes a peripheral sac, which is connected to the intermediate sac. The peripheral sac can be interference fit on the inner wall of the sand box after inflation. The friction between the peripheral sac and the inner wall of the sand box is greater than the resistance of the detachable concave and convex limiting structures to detach from each other.
5. The casting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that The bottom of the sand core is also provided with a concave cavity structure capable of accommodating the inflation nozzle.
6. The casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention also includes an induction heating device provided at the outlet of the steel shot discharge hopper, wherein the induction heating device can heat the steel shots at the outlet so that the steel shots can destroy the side capsule.
7. A method for using the casting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Use the first steel shot discharge hopper to fill the empty sand box with steel shots. The amount of steel shots can reach a thickness of 8-10cm in the sand box. The grabbing assembly grabs the capsule part and places it on the steel shot in the sand box; Placing a sand core, which presses the middle capsule of the capsule assembly so that the gas in the middle capsule is transferred to the side capsules to fill the side capsules between the sand box and the sand core; Use the second steel shot discharge hopper to continue filling the sand box with steel shots. During the filling process, the side capsules are destroyed and the side capsules are deflated, allowing the steel shots to fill the space between the sand box and the sand core. Pour molten iron into the sand core, cool it, turn the box over, take out the casting, and complete the casting.
8. The method for using the casting equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grabbing assembly grabs the bladder component and places it on the steel shot in the sand box, and at the same time, the steel shot is leveled by using the support plate of the grabbing assembly.
9. The method for using the casting equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: While the steel shot is leveled by the support plate of the grabbing assembly, the inflation hole on the support plate is docked with the inflation nozzle of the middle sac, and the middle sac is inflated through the inflation component using the inflation device. While inflating, the grabbing assembly moves upward, and finally can separate from the concave and convex limiting structures and each other, and the inflation stops and is completed.
10. The method for using the casting equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before the second steel shot discharge hopper discharges the material, the steel shot at the outlet is first heated by the induction heating device arranged at the outlet, and then the steel shot is released. The steel shot discharged first can heat the side capsule to achieve deflation, and then the steel shot that falls successively fills the space between the sand box and the sand core.