Automobile part welding tool and technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, and discloses an automobile part welding tool and process. The automobile part welding tool comprises a supporting frame, a template frame is installed at the top of the supporting frame, an air cylinder is arranged on one side of the template frame, an abutting rod is arranged at the output end of the air cylinder through a rotating frame, and a connecting plate is rotationally arranged in the abutting rod; the abutting rods rotate with the rotating points of the abutting rods on the template frame as the circle center through the connecting plates, pressing frames are arranged on one sides of the abutting rods, clamping blocks are arranged in the middle of the supporting frame, a connecting rod is fixed to one end of the abutting rod on the right side, and a fixing block is arranged on one side of the connecting rod. Through multiple clamping tools, parts needing to be welded can be firmly fixed to preset positions, through multi-point fixing, the stability of all the parts before welding is ensured, the deviation problem caused by manual operation is effectively avoided, and the consistency of welding quality and the strength of welding seams are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to an automobile parts welding tool and process. Background Art

[0002] Welding fixtures are flexible fixtures designed to secure, hold, and position components. They are primarily used to meet the welding requirements of various weldable materials and play a key role in the welding of various components. Especially in the automotive industry, welding fixtures are widely used to secure and support automotive components, providing a crucial guarantee for weld accuracy and strength. Through efficient clamping and precise positioning, welding fixtures significantly improve welding quality and efficiency, making them an essential piece of equipment in the automotive manufacturing process.

[0003] However, in existing automotive component welding processes, the main component typically relies on fixtures for basic fixation and positioning, but the auxiliary components that need to be welded to it lack dedicated fixed locations, resulting in problems such as shaking and misalignment during the welding process. This not only affects welding accuracy but can also lead to uneven or insufficient weld strength, increasing rework rates and reducing production efficiency. To address this issue, designing an efficient welding fixture that can simultaneously fix and clamp the main component and auxiliary components has become a key technical challenge that needs to be solved in the automotive manufacturing industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an automobile parts welding tool, which solves the problem that the traditional automobile parts welding tool cannot fix and press the main component and the auxiliary component at the same time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a welding tool and process for automobile parts, including a support frame, a template frame is installed on the top of the support frame, a cylinder is provided on one side of the template frame, a pressure rod is provided at the output end of the cylinder through a rotating frame, a connecting plate is rotated inside the pressure rod, the pressure rod rotates through the connecting plate with the point where it rotates on the template frame as the center of a circle, a pressing frame is provided on one side of the pressure rod, a clamping block is provided in the middle of the support frame, a connecting rod is fixed to one end of the pressure rod on the right side, a fixed block is provided on one side of the connecting rod, a quick-release assembly is provided between the connecting rod and the fixed block, and a clamping assembly is provided on one side of the clamping block.

[0006] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a pull plate, which is arranged on one side of the clamping block. A limit rod is sliding inside the pull plate, and the limit rod is connected to the pull rod through a convex plate. The pull rod slides inside the clamping block, and a spring is provided on the outer wall of the limit rod between the clamping block and the pull plate. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the clamping block, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the pull plate.

[0007] Preferably, the quick-release assembly includes a fixed column, the outer wall of the fixed column is provided with a second spring, one end of the second spring is fixed inside the fixed block, the other end of the second spring is fixed with a slider, and a ball bearing is provided on one side of the slider.

[0008] Preferably, a first magnet is fixed to the outer wall of the slider, and a second magnet is provided inside the fixed block, and the first magnet and the second magnet repel each other magnetically.

[0009] Preferably, a control mechanism is provided on one side of the support frame.

[0010] An automobile parts welding process comprises the following steps: S1. Clamping and positioning of components: Use the clamping components of the tooling to clamp each component and adjust the clamping force so that the components do not move or deform during the welding process; S2. Presetting of initial parameters: setting initial welding parameters according to the material properties, thickness and shape of the parts; S3. Real-time monitoring and data acquisition: The temperature field, deformation curvature and arc stability data during the welding process are collected through infrared thermal imaging, laser displacement sensors and arc sensors; S4. Dynamic parameter optimization and feedback adjustment: Adjust welding parameters based on real-time monitoring data to ensure welding quality, and achieve closed-loop optimization through feedback control; S5. Welding quality inspection and recording: After welding is completed, the weld quality is inspected online through ultrasonic and visual inspection systems, and the welding process data is recorded for optimization.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the welding parameters include welding current, voltage, speed and preheating temperature.

[0012] Preferably, in the step S3, the welding temperature field during the real-time monitoring process satisfies the following formula: Where T0 is the ambient temperature, q is the welding heat input, k is the thermal conductivity of the material, and r0 and r are the distances between the initial position and the current position.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the dynamic optimization of parameters is adjusted by the following formula: I t =I0+k3·(TT p ),v t =v0-k4·(TT p ) Among them, v t is the welding current and speed after dynamic adjustment, v0 is the initial welding current and speed, Tp is the preset molten pool temperature, k3 and k4 are adjustment coefficients.

[0014] Preferably, in step S5, the welding quality is determined by the following formula: E h =|h d -h p |,E w =|w d -w p | Among them, E h , E w are the deviations of weld depth and width, h p , w p To design the weld depth and width.

[0015] The present invention provides a welding tool and process for automobile parts, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses multiple clamping fixtures to firmly fix the parts to be welded in the predetermined position. The clamping assembly uses springs and limit mechanisms to provide stable clamping force, combined with a cylinder-driven pressing mechanism for multi-point fixation, to ensure the stability of each component before welding, effectively avoid the offset problem caused by manual operation, and greatly improve the consistency of welding quality and the strength of the weld.

[0016] 2. The present invention realizes intelligent adjustment of welding parameters by introducing real-time monitoring technology and dynamic optimization algorithm. This dynamic adjustment mechanism not only improves the quality and stability of welding, but also effectively reduces welding defects such as pores and cracks caused by parameter mismatch in traditional welding.

[0017] 3. The present invention improves the adaptability of tooling through multi-station collaborative operation and a quick replacement mechanism. The process design supports efficient welding of parts of different sizes and materials. The fixed blocks can be quickly replaced to adapt to different basic workpieces, reducing the time cost of replacing parts. In addition, the multi-station operating system dynamically allocates station tasks according to the complexity of the parts and the priority of the welding task, thereby minimizing the equipment idle rate and greatly improving the welding efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clamping block of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting rod and the fixed block of the present invention; Figure 5Schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. Support frame; 2. Template frame; 3. Cylinder; 4. Rotating frame; 5. Pressure rod; 6. Connecting plate; 7. Pressing frame; 8. Clamping block; 9. Connecting rod; 10. Fixed block; 11. Pull plate; 12. Limiting rod; 13. Pull rod; 14. Spring 1; 15. Control mechanism; 16. Fixed column; 17. Spring 2; 18. Slider; 19. Magnet 1; 20. Ball; 21. Magnet 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an automobile parts welding tool, including a support frame 1, a template frame 2 is installed on the top of the support frame 1, a cylinder 3 is provided on one side of the template frame 2, a pressure rod 5 is provided at the output end of the cylinder 3 through a rotating frame 4, a connecting plate 6 is rotated inside the pressure rod 5, the pressure rod 5 rotates through the connecting plate 6 with the point where it rotates on the template frame 2 as the center of a circle, a pressing frame 7 is provided on one side of the pressure rod 5, a clamping block 8 is provided in the middle of the support frame 1, a connecting rod 9 is fixed to one end of the right pressure rod 5, a fixing block 10 is provided on one side of the connecting rod 9, a quick release assembly is provided between the connecting rod 9 and the fixing block 10, and a clamping assembly is provided on one side of the clamping block 8; The clamping assembly includes a pull plate 11, which is arranged on one side of the clamping block 8. A limit rod 12 slides inside the pull plate 11. The limit rod 12 is connected to the pull rod 13 through a convex plate. The pull rod 13 slides inside the clamping block 8. A spring 14 is sleeved on the outer wall of the limit rod 12 between the clamping block 8 and the pull plate 11. One end of the spring 14 is fixedly connected to the inside of the clamping block 8, and the other end of the spring 14 is fixed to the pull plate 11. The quick-release assembly includes a fixed column 16, the outer wall of the fixed column 16 is provided with a second spring 17, one end of the second spring 17 is fixed inside the fixed block 10, and the other end of the second spring 17 is fixed to a slider 18, and a ball bearing 20 is provided on one side of the slider 18; A magnet 19 is fixed to the outer wall of the slider 18, and a magnet 21 is provided inside the fixed block 10. The magnet 19 and the magnet 2 21 repel each other magnetically. A control mechanism 15 is provided on one side of the support frame 1 .

[0022] Specifically, when welding the workpiece, first place the workpiece in the designated position where the clamping block 8 is located, and then manually operate the pull rod 13 to drive the pull plate 11 to move synchronously, and achieve precise sliding under the guidance of the limit rod 12. At this time, the movement of the pull plate 11 will guide the spring 14 to deform and store elastic potential energy. When the pull plate 11 is completely aligned with one side of the workpiece, release the pull rod 13, and the spring 14 drives the pull plate 11 to reset under the action of its rebound force, thereby applying sufficient clamping force to the workpiece to firmly fix it in the welding position. After completing the positioning of the basic workpiece, start the cylinder 3 on one side, and push the rotating frame 4 through the telescopic action of the cylinder 3, thereby driving the pressure rod 5 to rotate along the restricted trajectory of the connecting plate 6. At the same time, the rotational movement of the pressure rod 5 will further drive the connecting rod 9 and the fixed block 10 to move, so that the fixed block 10 applies additional pressure to further firmly press the basic workpiece into place. Subsequently, the other workpieces to be welded are placed in the corresponding positions of the basic workpiece in turn, and the remaining cylinders 3 are started to drive the respective pressing rods 5, and these parts are accurately pressed against the template frame 2 through the pressing frame 7. Through such multi-point clamping and pressing, all workpieces during welding can be stably fixed, and the possibility of workpiece displacement or loosening is avoided to a great extent, thereby ensuring that the welding operation can be carried out efficiently and smoothly. In addition, when the size or installation requirements of the basic workpiece change, the fixed block 10 can be quickly replaced, which significantly improves the flexibility of the equipment. When replacing, just pull the fixed block 10, the slider 18 will be driven by force, compressing the spring 2 17, and at the same time, the ball 20 exits the original docking groove under the action of the extrusion force. During this process, the magnet 19 moves together with the slider 18, close to the magnet 2 21, and effectively completes the disengagement of the fixed block 10. When installing a new fixing block 10, after ball bearing 20 aligns with the mounting slot of connecting rod 9, it is quickly reset by the rebound force of spring 2 17 and the magnetic repulsion between magnet 2 21 and magnet 1 19. Slider 18 then repositions itself, driving ball bearing 20 firmly into the docking slot and ensuring a secure connection between the new fixing block 10 and the device. This rapid installation and removal design greatly improves the adaptability and operational efficiency of the tooling, while ensuring the stability and reliability of the replacement process. The operation of the entire system provides the tooling with exceptional positioning accuracy and welding stability, providing a strong guarantee for high-quality welding.

[0023] Example 2: Please see the attached Figure 5 , an automobile parts welding process, an automobile parts welding tool according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1. Clamping and positioning of components: Use the clamping components of the tooling to clamp each component and adjust the clamping force so that the components do not move or deform during the welding process; S2. Presetting of initial parameters: setting initial welding parameters according to the material properties, thickness and shape of the parts; S3. Real-time monitoring and data acquisition: The temperature field, deformation curvature and arc stability data during the welding process are collected through infrared thermal imaging, laser displacement sensors and arc sensors; S4. Dynamic parameter optimization and feedback adjustment: Adjust welding parameters based on real-time monitoring data to ensure welding quality, and achieve closed-loop optimization through feedback control; S5. Welding quality inspection and recording: After welding, the weld quality is inspected online through ultrasonic and visual inspection systems, and the welding process data is recorded for optimization. In step S2, welding parameters include welding current, voltage, speed and preheating temperature; In step S3, the welding temperature field during real-time monitoring satisfies the following formula: Where T0 is the ambient temperature, q is the welding heat input, k is the thermal conductivity of the material, r0 and r are the distances between the initial position and the current position; In step S4, the parameters are dynamically optimized and adjusted using the following formula: I t =I0+k3·(TT p ),v t =v0-k4·(TT p ) Among them, v t is the welding current and speed after dynamic adjustment, v0 is the initial welding current and speed, T p is the preset molten pool temperature, k3 and k4 are adjustment coefficients; In step S5, the welding quality is determined by the following formula: E h =|h d -h p |,E w =|w d -w p | Among them, E h , E w are the deviations of weld depth and width, h p , w p To design the weld depth and width.

[0024] Specifically, in step S1, the workpieces to be welded are placed on the clamping block 8 in sequence, and the workpieces are effectively fixed by the action of the pull plate 11 of the clamping assembly. The movement of the pull rod 13 drives the pull plate 11 to slide along the limit rod 12. At this time, the spring 14 will deform and store elastic potential energy. After the clamping block 8 and the pull plate 11 are accurately aligned on one side of the workpiece, the pull rod 13 is released, and the spring 14 uses its own rebound force to quickly tighten the pull plate 11 to form a stable clamping effect. At the same time, the pressing frame 7 driven by the other pressure rod 5 driven by the cylinder 3 can also fix the position of the corresponding parts to be welded. This design can ensure that the workpiece always maintains an accurate position during the clamping process, and avoids the deviation caused by external force under the action of the spring 14, providing a highly stable basic positioning for welding, and effectively reducing the possibility of welding deformation or position error.

[0025] In step S2, the process parameters are preset for parts of different materials, thicknesses, and shapes by calculating key material properties such as thermal conductivity, melting point, and thermal diffusivity. In specific implementation, the depth of the molten pool and the width of the weld will preset the welding current, voltage, and welding speed according to design requirements. At the same time, the initial preheating temperature is set in combination with infrared sensors and real-time data feedback. Such preset parameters can ensure that the welding heat input meets the melting requirements of the parts, while avoiding excessive heat input that causes overburning of the weld or deformation of the material. Through the rational setting of parameters, the consistency and stability of welding quality are achieved, and the process debugging time is shortened.

[0026] During the implementation of step S3, the infrared thermal imaging sensor will monitor the temperature field changes of the weld in real time and collect the temperature distribution data of the molten pool to ensure that the temperature field fluctuates within the design value range. At the same time, the laser displacement sensor will continuously detect the deformation and displacement of the workpiece during welding, calculate the deformation curvature, and thus provide a correction basis for the workpiece clamping assembly. In addition, the arc sensor monitors the current and voltage fluctuations of the welding arc, and through fluctuation stability analysis, determines whether the arc is in the optimal welding state. The monitoring design of this step can capture key parameters in real time during the welding process, quickly respond to and correct abnormal conditions, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of welding defects such as pores and cracks, and ensuring the stability of welding quality.

[0027] During step S4, the welding process dynamically adjusts the welding current, voltage, and speed based on real-time monitoring data using a parameter optimization model. If the weld pool temperature deviates from the preset value, the system automatically calculates the optimized adjustment amount and applies correction instructions to the welding equipment through the feedback control module. This ensures that the weld pool temperature remains within a reasonable range. Adjusting the welding speed effectively controls the weld pool depth and weld formation. This dynamically optimized closed-loop control mode automates and intelligentizes the welding process, improving welding efficiency while avoiding the lag caused by manual adjustments.

[0028] In step S5, after welding is completed, the weld quality is inspected online using ultrasonic and visual inspection systems. Ultrasonic waves measure the depth and width of the weld, compare them with the design values, calculate the deviation and, determine whether they exceed the design tolerance range. Simultaneously, the visual inspection system scans the flatness and continuity of the weld surface, identifying defects such as pores and cracks. After the inspection is complete, the system records all parameter adjustment data and quality inspection results from the welding process into a database for subsequent process optimization and model training. This inspection and recording mechanism ensures that the weld quality meets standards and enhances the traceability and continuous improvement capabilities of the entire process.

[0029] Working principle: when the workpiece needs to be welded, first place the workpiece in the position of the clamping block 8, at this time pull the pull rod 13, make it drive the pull plate 11 to move synchronously, and then slide under the limitation of the limiting rod 12, and also pull the spring 14 to produce deformation, when the pull plate 11 and the workpiece on the side to be welded are aligned, the corresponding pull rod 13 is loosened, the spring 14 will pull the pull plate 11 through its own restoring property, and then generate pressure, so that the workpiece is tightly fixed in the corresponding position, after the first base workpiece is placed, at this time the cylinder 3 on the driving side operates, at this time the cylinder 3 will push the rotating frame 4 to make the pressing rod 5 rise, and then make the pressing rod 5 start to rotate under the limitation of the connecting plate 6, so as to drive the connecting rod 9 and the fixed block 10 to operate, so that the fixed block 10 is pressed on the base workpiece to further fix the position, and then place the workpiece to be welded on the corresponding base workpiece in the corresponding position, drive the other cylinder 3 to drive the corresponding pressing rod 5, so that it drives the corresponding pressing frame 7 to be clamped in the position of the template frame 2, so as to press and fix the position of each foot workpiece installed on the base workpiece, so that each part of the welding operation can be fixed, so as to stably weld, and when the installation position or size of the base workpiece is different, the corresponding fixed block 10 can also be quickly replaced, just pull the fixed block 10, so that the ball 20 is extruded, and then the sliding block 18 extrudes the spring 17, so that the spring 17 is compressed, and the magnet 19 moves with the sliding block 18, and then approaches the magnet 21, so that the fixed block 10 is smoothly separated, and when a new fixed block 10 is installed, the ball 20 is still extruded, but when the ball 20 is aligned with the corresponding installation groove in the connecting rod 9, the repulsive force between the magnet 21 and the magnet 19, and the counterforce generated by the extruded spring 17, can push the sliding block 18 to drive the ball 20 to be firmly clamped in the connecting groove.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automobile parts welding tool, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: A template frame (2) is installed on the top of the support frame (1), a cylinder (3) is provided on one side of the template frame (2), a pressure rod (5) is provided at the output end of the cylinder (3) through a rotating frame (4), a connecting plate (6) is rotated inside the pressure rod (5), the pressure rod (5) rotates with the point where it rotates on the template frame (2) as the center of a circle through the connecting plate (6), a pressing frame (7) is provided on one side of the pressure rod (5), a clamping block (8) is provided in the middle of the support frame (1), a connecting rod (9) is fixed to one end of the pressure rod (5) on the right side, a fixing block (10) is provided on one side of the connecting rod (9), a quick release assembly is provided between the connecting rod (9) and the fixing block (10), and a clamping assembly is provided on one side of the clamping block (8).

2. The automobile parts welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a pull plate (11), the pull plate (11) is arranged on one side of the clamping block (8), a limit rod (12) is slidably provided inside the pull plate (11), the limit rod (12) is connected to the pull rod (13) through a convex plate, the pull rod (13) slides inside the clamping block (8), and a spring (14) is sleeved on the outer wall of the limit rod (12) between the clamping block (8) and the pull plate (11), one end of the spring (14) is fixedly connected to the inside of the clamping block (8), and the other end of the spring (14) is fixed to the pull plate (11).

3. The automobile parts welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-release assembly comprises a fixed column (16), the outer wall of the fixed column (16) is provided with a second spring (17), one end of the second spring (17) is fixed inside the fixed block (10), and the other end of the second spring (17) is fixed with a slider (18), and a ball (20) is provided on one side of the slider (18).

4. The automobile parts welding tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first magnet (19) is fixed to the outer wall of the slider (18), and a second magnet (21) is provided inside the fixed block (10), and the first magnet (19) and the second magnet (21) repel each other magnetically.

5. The automobile parts welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control mechanism (15) is provided on one side of the support frame (1).

6. An automobile parts welding process, according to the automobile parts welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Clamping and positioning of components: Use the clamping components of the tooling to clamp each component and adjust the clamping force so that the components do not move or deform during the welding process; S2. Presetting of initial parameters: setting initial welding parameters according to the material properties, thickness and shape of the parts; S3. Real-time monitoring and data acquisition: The temperature field, deformation curvature and arc stability data during welding are collected through infrared thermal imaging, laser displacement sensors and arc sensors; S4. Dynamic parameter optimization and feedback adjustment: Adjust welding parameters based on real-time monitoring data to ensure welding quality, and achieve closed-loop optimization through feedback control; S5. Welding quality inspection and recording: After welding is completed, the weld quality is inspected online through ultrasonic and visual inspection systems, and the welding process data is recorded for optimization.

7. The automobile parts welding process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the welding parameters include welding current, voltage, speed and preheating temperature.

8. The automobile parts welding process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the welding temperature field during real-time monitoring satisfies the following formula: Where T0 is the ambient temperature, q is the welding heat input, k is the thermal conductivity of the material, and r0 and r are the distances between the initial position and the current position.

9. The automobile parts welding process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the S4 step, the parameters are dynamically optimized and adjusted by the following formula: I t =I0+k3·(TT p ),v t =v0-k4·(TT p ) Among them, v t is the welding current and speed after dynamic adjustment, v0 is the initial welding current and speed, T p is the preset molten pool temperature, k3 and k4 are adjustment coefficients.

10. The automobile parts welding process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the welding quality is determined by the following formula: HAVE BEEN h =|h d - h p | w =|w d -w p | Among them, E h , E w are the deviations of weld depth and width, h p , w p To design the weld depth and width.

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