Laser cutting processing method for conductive copper-aluminum plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting machining method for a conductive copper-aluminum plate, and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, a to-be-machined plate is placed on a machine body; secondly, a supporting frame on the machine body is started, and the supporting frame drives a laser head to move to the position above the plate for cutting; thirdly, a cooling assembly is started, and the cooling assembly cools the laser head in work; the cooling assembly conveys the cooled gas into the heat preservation part, and the heat preservation part conducts heat preservation and slow cooling on the plates on the two sides of the cutting position; fourthly, the plate to be cut is preheated through a preheating part, and the cutting stability is improved; fifthly, impurities on the plate are blown off through an air blowing assembly arranged at the tail end of the preheating part; through a fan pump and a cooling pipe in the cooling assembly, the working heat of the laser head is effectively taken away, the service life of the laser head is prolonged, the cutting precision is guaranteed, meanwhile, heated gas is used for providing a heat source for follow-up heat preservation and slow cooling and plate preheating, and energy recycling is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and in particular to a laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates. Background Art

[0002] In the field of laser cutting of conductive copper and aluminum plates, cutting quality and plate performance assurance have always been the focus of the industry. When laser cutting conductive copper and aluminum plates, horizontal laser cutting machines are generally used for cutting.

[0003] In existing laser cutting technology, the laser head generates a lot of heat when working. If it is not cooled in time, it is easy to shorten the life of the laser head and reduce the cutting accuracy. In the cutting process, the plate cutting point is prone to stress curling and performance degradation due to sudden temperature changes, affecting product quality. At the same time, if impurities on the surface of the plate to be cut are not effectively cleaned, it will interfere with the laser focusing and reduce the cutting stability and accuracy. If the plate is not preheated properly before cutting, the large cutting temperature difference can easily cause stress defects. It is difficult for existing processing methods to fully solve these problems and may not be able to meet the needs of high-precision, high-quality conductive copper and aluminum plate cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology and to propose a laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates, the steps are as follows: Step 1: Place the plate to be processed on the machine body; Step 2: Start the support frame on the machine body, and the support frame drives the laser head to move above the plate for cutting; Step 3: Start the cooling assembly and cool the laser head in operation through the cooling assembly; the cooling assembly delivers the cooled gas to the heat preservation part, and the heat preservation part keeps the plates on both sides of the cutting area warm and cools slowly; Step 4: Preheat the plate before cutting by using the preheating unit to improve cutting stability; Step 5: Use the blowing assembly at the tail end of the preheating section to blow off impurities on the plate; Step 6. After cutting is completed, the support frame drives the laser head to reset and remove the cut plate.

[0006] Preferably, the cooling assembly in step three includes a fan pump and a cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the fan pump, and the cooling pipe is in contact with the side wall of the laser head.

[0007] Furthermore, the insulation part includes an insulation plate, which is fixedly connected to the support frame, and an insulation cavity is provided in the insulation plate, and a first slow cooling cavity, a second slow cooling cavity and a third slow cooling cavity are provided in the insulation plate. A conveying pipe is also fixedly connected to the insulation plate, and the conveying pipe is communicated with the insulation cavity. The conveying pipe is a spiral pipe, and the distance between adjacent pipes of the conveying pipe gradually increases.

[0008] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the first slow cooling chamber, the second slow cooling chamber and the third slow cooling chamber is 3:2:1.

[0009] Furthermore, the preheating part includes a preheating plate, which is fixedly connected to the support frame. The preheating plate is divided into a preheating chamber and an air chamber by a baffle. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the baffle, and the preheating chamber is connected to the air chamber through the connecting pipe. The end of the delivery pipe away from the insulation chamber is connected to the preheating chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of air injection pipes are provided at the bottom of the preheating plate, the plurality of groups of air injection pipes are evenly distributed on the preheating plate, and the air injection pipes are communicated with the air cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the air injection pipe is arranged obliquely on the preheating plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the delivery pipe includes a fixed section and an elastic section, the fixed section of the delivery pipe is placed in the insulation board, and the elastic section of the delivery pipe is placed outside the insulation board.

[0013] Furthermore, a heat preservation pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat preservation cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the insulation board, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the cooling pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the insulation cavity.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes the fan pump and cooling pipe in the cooling assembly to effectively remove heat from the laser head, extending its service life and ensuring cutting accuracy. Furthermore, the heated gas is used to provide a heat source for subsequent thermal insulation and slow cooling, as well as for preheating the plate, achieving energy recycling and reducing energy consumption.

[0016] 2. The insulation part of the present invention adopts a multi-slow cooling cavity graded design, combining the number of conveying pipe turns and the change of cavity volume to form a temperature gradient. After cutting, the plate is slowly cooled step by step to avoid sudden cooling and curling, ensuring the quality of the cut surface and the overall performance of the plate, and adapting to the characteristics of conductive copper and aluminum plates that are sensitive to thermal stress.

[0017] 3. The present invention uses the preheating part to preheat the plate to be cut with the help of cooling waste heat, thereby reducing the cutting temperature difference and stress curling; the blowing component cooperates with the pressure control valve and solenoid valve to accurately blow off impurities, reduce their interference with laser cutting, and further improve cutting stability and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a machine body in a laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a machine body in a laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 A laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates proposed by the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in FIG; Figure 4 A laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates proposed by the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of part B in FIG; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a heat preservation plate in a laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support frame and the laser head in the laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a preheating plate in a laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates proposed by the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Machine body; 101. Support frame; 2. Fan pump; 3. Cooling pipe; 4. Laser head; 5. Preheating plate; 501. Preheating chamber; 502. Air chamber; 5021. Jet pipe; 503. Baffle; 5031. Connecting pipe; 504. Give way groove; 6. Insulation plate; 601. Insulation chamber; 6011. Connecting pipe; 602. Delivery pipe; 603. First slow cooling chamber; 604. Second slow cooling chamber; 605. Third slow cooling chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 , a laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates, the steps are as follows: Step 1: Use a mechanical clamp to fix the plate on the workbench of the machine body 1; Step 2: According to the cutting drawing, pre-plan the movement path of the laser head 4, optimize the cutting sequence to reduce idle strokes, set the laser power, cutting speed, pulse frequency and other parameters according to the thickness and material of the plate, start the support frame 101 on the body 1, and the support frame 101 drives the laser head 4 to move above the plate for cutting; Step 3: Start the fan pump 2 and adjust the wind speed and air volume to ensure that the cooling pipe 3 has a cooling effect on the laser head 4. The cooled gas enters the heat preservation chamber 601 through the connecting pipe 6011, and then enters the first slow cooling chamber 603, the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605 in sequence through the delivery pipe 602, thus achieving graded slow cooling. Step 4: The hot air generated by the cooling assembly enters the preheating chamber 501 through the delivery pipe 602 to preheat the plate and improve cutting stability; Step 5: Use the blowing assembly at the tail end of the preheating section to blow off impurities on the plate; Step 6: After the cutting is completed, the support frame 101 drives the laser head 4 to reset and remove the cut plate; Step 7. After cutting, clean up the waste and impurities on the workbench and prepare for the next cutting.

[0022] The cooling assembly in step three includes a fan pump 2 and a cooling pipe 3. The cooling pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the fan pump 2, and the cooling pipe 3 is attached to the side wall of the laser head 4.

[0023] The insulation part includes an insulation plate 6, which is fixedly connected to the support frame 101. An insulation cavity 601 is provided in the insulation plate 6. A first slow cooling cavity 603, a second slow cooling cavity 604 and a third slow cooling cavity 605 are provided in the insulation plate 6. A conveying pipe 602 is also fixedly connected to the insulation plate 6. The conveying pipe 602 is connected to the insulation cavity 601. The conveying pipe 602 is a spiral pipe, and the distance between adjacent pipes of the conveying pipe 602 gradually increases.

[0024] The volume ratio of the first slow cooling chamber 603 , the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605 is 3:2:1.

[0025] Reference Figure 5 In a specific implementation, the number of turns of the conveying pipe 602 in the first slow cooling chamber 603, the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605 decreases successively.

[0026] When the gas passes through the laser head 4, the heat generated by the operation of the laser head 4 will be taken away by the transported gas, and the transported gas will be heated. The heated gas will be transported to the heat preservation chamber 601 through the connecting pipe 6011. Since the number of turns of the transport pipe 602 in the first slow cooling chamber 603, the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605 decreases successively, and the volumes of the first slow cooling chamber 603, the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605 gradually decrease, the gas in the first slow cooling chamber 603, the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605 will be heated, and the temperatures of the first slow cooling chamber 603, the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605 gradually decrease. Reference Figure 5 When the insulation plate 6 is insulating and slowly cooling the cut plate, the first slow cooling chamber 603 will first contact the cutting position. At this time, the insulation plate 6 below the first slow cooling chamber 603 will initially insulate and slowly cool the cut plate. When the insulation plate 6 is moving, the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605 will gradually slow cool the cut plate. The cut plate is processed in a graded and multi-stage manner to ensure that the cut plate will not be suddenly cooled and curled, thereby ensuring the overall performance of the cut plate.

[0027] The gas discharged through the delivery pipe 602 will enter the preheating chamber 501. The residual heat of the gas entering the preheating chamber 501 will preheat the plate below the preheating plate 5, thereby increasing the temperature of the plate below before cutting, thereby preventing stress curling due to the large cutting temperature difference during cutting, and further improving the cutting stability.

[0028] The preheating part includes a preheating plate 5, which is fixedly connected to the support frame 101. The preheating plate 5 is divided into a preheating chamber 501 and an air chamber 502 by a baffle 503. A connecting pipe 5031 is fixedly connected to the baffle 503. The preheating chamber 501 is connected to the air chamber 502 through the connecting pipe 5031. The end of the delivery pipe 602 away from the insulation chamber 601 is connected to the preheating chamber 501.

[0029] A plurality of groups of air injection pipes 5021 are provided at the bottom of the preheating plate 5 . The plurality of air injection pipes 5021 are evenly distributed on the preheating plate 5 , and the air injection pipes 5021 are communicated with the air cavity 502 .

[0030] It should be noted that the air injection pipe 5021 is built with a commercially available electromagnetic valve.

[0031] It should also be noted that the connecting pipe 5031 is equipped with a commercially available pressure control valve.

[0032] The air injection pipe 5021 is arranged obliquely on the preheating plate 5 .

[0033] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 7As the cooling pipe 3 continuously inputs gas into the preheating chamber 501, the air pressure in the preheating chamber 501 will gradually increase. When the pressure in the preheating chamber 501 reaches the set threshold, the control valve in the connecting pipe 5031 opens. At this time, the gas in the preheating chamber 501 is input into the air chamber 502 through the connecting pipe 5031, and the solenoid valve in the air injection pipe 5021 opens. At this time, the gas in the air chamber 502 will be blown out through the air injection pipe 5021, thereby blowing off dust and impurities on the plate, thereby reducing the impact of subsequent dust and impurities on laser cutting, and improving cutting stability and accuracy.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 7 The preheating plate 5 is provided with a clearance groove 504. By setting the clearance groove 504, the blown dust can be quickly discharged, reducing the possibility of the preheating plate 5 blocking the dust.

[0035] Reference Figure 7 By tilting the air jet pipe 5021 on the preheating plate 5, it can be ensured that the air jet pipe 5021 can stably blow the dust outward when blowing the plate, ensuring that the dust can be stably blown off.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 In a specific implementation, the delivery pipe 602 includes a fixed section and an elastic section. The fixed section of the delivery pipe 602 is placed in the insulation board 6, and the elastic section of the delivery pipe 602 is placed outside the insulation board 6.

[0037] By dividing the conveying pipe 602 into a fixed section and an elastic section, the fixed section of the conveying pipe 602 is placed in the first slow cooling chamber 603, the second slow cooling chamber 604 and the third slow cooling chamber 605, thereby ensuring the stability of the conveying pipe 602 in the slow cooling chamber; the elastic section of the conveying pipe 602 is placed on the outside of the insulation board 6, and when the support frame 101 drives the laser head 4 to move for cutting, it can prevent the conveying pipe 602 from breaking due to rigid pulling.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 In a specific implementation, a heat preservation pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat preservation chamber 601.

[0039] By means of the insulation pad fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulation chamber 601, the heat loss of the gas can be effectively reduced, thereby ensuring the insulation effect when the gas is input into the slow cooling chamber.

[0040] A connecting pipe 6011 is fixedly connected to the insulation plate 6 , one end of the connecting pipe 6011 is connected to the cooling pipe 3 , and the other end of the connecting pipe 6011 is connected to the insulation chamber 601 .

[0041] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates, characterized in that: Here are the steps: Step 1: placing the plate to be processed on the machine body (1); Step 2: Start the support frame (101) on the machine body (1), and the support frame (101) drives the laser head (4) to move above the plate to cut; Step 3: Start the cooling component and cool down the working laser head (4) through the cooling component; the cooling component transports the cooled gas to the heat preservation part, and the heat preservation part keeps the plates on both sides of the cutting part warm and cools slowly; Step 4: Preheat the plate before cutting by using the preheating unit to improve cutting stability; Step 5: Use the blowing assembly at the tail end of the preheating section to blow off impurities on the plate; Step 6: After the cutting is completed, the support frame (101) drives the laser head (4) to reset and remove the cut plate.

2. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly in step three includes a fan pump (2) and a cooling pipe (3), wherein the cooling pipe (3) is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the fan pump (2), and the cooling pipe (3) is in contact with the side wall of the laser head (4).

3. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat-insulating portion comprises a heat-insulating plate (6), the heat-insulating plate (6) being fixedly connected to the support frame (101), a heat-insulating cavity (601) being provided in the heat-insulating plate (6), a first slow-cooling cavity (603), a second slow-cooling cavity (604) and a third slow-cooling cavity (605) being provided in the heat-insulating plate (6), a delivery pipe (602) being fixedly connected to the heat-insulating plate (6), the delivery pipe (602) being connected to the heat-insulating cavity (601), the delivery pipe (602) being a spiral pipe, and the spacing between adjacent pipes of the delivery pipe (602) gradually increases.

4. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the first slow cooling chamber (603), the second slow cooling chamber (604) and the third slow cooling chamber (605) is 3:2:

1.

5. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preheating portion comprises a preheating plate (5), the preheating plate (5) being fixedly connected to the support frame (101), the preheating plate (5) being divided into a preheating chamber (501) and an air chamber (502) by a baffle (503), a connecting pipe (5031) being fixedly connected to the baffle (503), the preheating chamber (501) being connected to the air chamber (502) via the connecting pipe (5031), and the end of the delivery pipe (602) away from the heat-insulating chamber (601) being connected to the preheating chamber (501).

6. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of air jet tubes (5021) are provided at the bottom of the preheating plate (5), the plurality of groups of air jet tubes (5021) are evenly distributed on the preheating plate (5), and the air jet tubes (5021) are in communication with the air cavity (502).

7. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air injection pipe (5021) is arranged obliquely on the preheating plate (5).

8. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The delivery pipe (602) comprises a fixed section and an elastic section, the fixed section of the delivery pipe (602) being placed in the thermal insulation board (6), and the elastic section of the delivery pipe (602) being placed outside the thermal insulation board (6).

9. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heat preservation pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat preservation cavity (601).

10. The laser cutting method for conductive copper and aluminum plates according to claim 9, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (6011) is fixedly connected to the insulation plate (6), one end of the connecting pipe (6011) is connected to the cooling pipe (3), and the other end of the connecting pipe (6011) is connected to the insulation chamber (601).

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